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GB2631078A - A construction material - Google Patents

A construction material Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2631078A
GB2631078A GB2308582.2A GB202308582A GB2631078A GB 2631078 A GB2631078 A GB 2631078A GB 202308582 A GB202308582 A GB 202308582A GB 2631078 A GB2631078 A GB 2631078A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
construction material
particles
carbon negative
construction
aggregate particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
GB2308582.2A
Other versions
GB202308582D0 (en
Inventor
Farid Kamal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Green Miles Tech Ltd
Original Assignee
Green Miles Tech Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Green Miles Tech Ltd filed Critical Green Miles Tech Ltd
Priority to GB2308582.2A priority Critical patent/GB2631078A/en
Publication of GB202308582D0 publication Critical patent/GB202308582D0/en
Publication of GB2631078A publication Critical patent/GB2631078A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/26—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/26—Carbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
    • C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
    • C04B18/103—Burned or pyrolised sludges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
    • C04B18/162—Cement kiln dust; Lime kiln dust
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
    • C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
    • C04B18/241—Paper, e.g. waste paper; Paper pulp
    • C04B18/243—Waste from paper processing or recycling paper, e.g. de-inking sludge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/0016—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B20/002—Hollow or porous granular materials
    • C04B20/004—Hollow or porous granular materials inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C15/00—Pavings specially adapted for footpaths, sidewalks or cycle tracks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C7/00—Coherent pavings made in situ
    • E01C7/08—Coherent pavings made in situ made of road-metal and binders
    • E01C7/35—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them
    • E01C7/353—Toppings or surface dressings; Methods of mixing, impregnating, or spreading them with exclusively bituminous binders; Aggregate, fillers or other additives for application on or in the surface of toppings with exclusively bituminous binders, e.g. for roughening or clearing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
    • C08L2555/40—Mixtures based upon bitumen or asphalt containing functional additives
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

A construction material comprising a foamed bitumen binder, carbon negative aggregate particles and a filler material, wherein the carbon negative aggregate particles and filler material are dispersed within the foamed bitumen. The carbon negative aggregate particles comprise a solid precursor material selected from paper sludge combustion material, pulverised fuel ash, kiln dust, limestone particles, chalk particles, marble particles, Portland cement, sand, silt, and mixtures thereof that have been reacted with carbon dioxide (CO2) to form a solid aggregate material. The construction material may comprise 1-10 wt% of the foamed bitumen binder, 20-60 wt% of the carbon negative aggregate particles, and 20-60 wt% of the filler material. The filler material may comprise road planings, and the construction material may further comprise pulverised fly ash and/or cement. The pulverised fly ash may be present in an amount of 5-10 wt%. A paved structure comprising a layer of the construction material is further defined. The paved structure may comprise a surface layer formed from a non-permeable asphalt composition, a permeable asphalt composition, a non-permeable or permeable concrete composition, and the layer of the construction material may be located beneath the surface layer.

Description

A construction material The present invention relates to a construction material that includes a carbon negative aggregate material and to a paved structure that includes a layer of the construction material.
It is desired to provide an environmentally friendly impact for paved surfaces by including within the paved structure a component which is carbon negative. In other words, a component which utilises or traps more carbon than is used in its production.
In addition, it is desired to remove or minimise the amount of tar that is used in the preparation of paved surfaces, as there are concerns about the environmental impact of using tar in such applications.
It is estimated that the production of 1000 tonnes of the carbon negative aggregate material captures as much carbon dioxide as planting 4000 new trees.
According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a construction material comprising a foamed bitumen binder; carbon negative aggregate particles; and a filler material, wherein the carbon negative aggregate particles comprise a solid precursor material selected from paper sludge combustion material, pulverised fuel ash, cement kiln dust, limestone particles, chalk particles, marble particles, Portland cement, sand, silt and mixtures thereof which has been reacted with carbon dioxide to form a solid aggregate material; and wherein the carbon negative aggregate particles and the filler material are dispersed within the foamed bitumen.
It should be noted that the carbon negative aggregate particles are effectively a manufactured aggregate material. Accordingly, they are not directly substitutable for conventional aggregate material, which is typically quarried or dredged stone or gravel materials. In view of this, the carbon negative aggregate particles must be formed into an acceptable construction material before they can used in paved surfaces and other construction products.
It has been found that the use of a foamed bitumen material provides a significantly larger surface area than liquid bitumen and therefore better coats the carbon negative aggregate particles and the filler material. Furthermore, the foaming process reduces the viscosity of the bitumen and this further results in better coating of the carbon negative aggregate particles and filler material.
The filler material is present in the construction material to provide additional strength to the construction material.
In an embodiment of the invention, the construction material comprises 1-10wt% of the foamed bitumen binder; 20-60wt% carbon negative aggregate particles; and 20-60wt% of the filler material. Suitably, the construction material comprises 2-5wt% foamed bitumen binder; 30-50wt% carbon negative aggregate particles; and 30-50wt% filler material.
Such formulations provide a construction material that has the desired physical characteristics.
The filler material suitably comprises road planings. The skilled person is aware that road planings may also be referred to as crushed tarmac, tarmac scalpings, crushed asphalt, road scrapings or tarmac chippings. Road planings are obtained from a surface layer of a tarmaced area, such as a highway or footpath. The surface layer is then crushed or milled to provide the road planings.
Road planings are generally considered to be environmentally friendly as they contain bitumen which is a natural substance. It also is considered to be a recycled material, which provides an alternative to quarried or dredged aggregate stocks.
The construction material may further comprise pulverised fly ash. This component may act similarly to cement and is considered to provide additional durability to the construction material.
For example, the fly ash component may be present in the construction material in an amount of 5-10wt%.
In addition to the fly ash or as an alternative to the fly ash, the construction material may further include cement, such as Portland cement, for example. The cement may provide an additional binding element and may also increase the durability of the construction material. It may also provide additional desirable physical characteristics to the construction material.
The cement may be present in the construction material in an amount of 0.1 to 5wt%.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a paved structure comprising a layer of the construction material as defined anywhere hereinabove in connection with the first aspect of the invention.
As noted above, the paved structure may be used in the preparation of roads, paths (e.g. pavements, sidewalks, etc.), parking lots, airports, schools, universities and such like. In the context of the present invention the term "paved" includes a structure which has a surface layer formed from a substantially continuous layer (such as asphalt or concrete) and a structure which has a surface layer formed from a number of close-set discrete elements which together substantially cover the surface of the structure (i.e. a discontinuous layer).
Based on the above, the skilled person will appreciate that a surface layer formed from a concrete material may comprise a substantially continuous layer of a concrete composition or it may comprise a surface layer comprised of concrete block which define gaps between adjacent blocks and/or within each block.
In an embodiment of the invention, the paved structure comprises a surface layer formed from a non-permeable asphalt composition, a permeable asphalt composition, a non-permeable concrete composition or permeable concrete composition; and the layer of construction material is located beneath the surface layer.
The carbon negative aggregate particles are known. For example, W02007/096671 describes a process for incorporating carbon dioxide into an aggregate material by reacting a precursor solid material with a little water in a carbon dioxide-rich environment. The result is a manufactured aggregate material in which carbon dioxide is effectively locked. The precursor materials are typically waste fines from certain processes (e.g. quarrying and combustion processes), which are then combined and carbonated to form the carbon negative aggregate material. As the formed aggregate materials consume more carbon dioxide that is generated in the manufacturing process, they are said to be carbon negative aggregate materials.
It is estimated that the carbon negative aggregate material can be incorporated into the paved structure in an amount whereby one square metre of the paved structure will have an equivalent effect of planting one new tree.
In order to further increase the environmentally friendly nature of the paved structure, the surface layer may be a water-permeable surface layer.
Permeable paved surfaces are known and these were developed to allow the movement of water, for example rainwater, through the surface to prevent or minimise flash flooding and erosion. Such surfaces have been used for roads, paths, parking lots, airports, schools, universities and such like.
Accordingly, permeable paved surfaces are considered to be more environmentally friendly than non-permeable paved surfaces.
Accordingly, in an embodiment of the invention, the surface layer may comprise a permeable asphalt composition or it may comprise a pervious concrete layer. The pervious concrete layer may be formed from a permeable concrete composition or it may be formed from discrete concrete blocks wherein gaps are defined between adjacent blocks and/or each block defines at least one channel therethrough. For example, each block may define therethrough one or more gaps, voids or conduits.
In embodiments in which the surface layer is water-permeable, water, such as rain water, is permitted to permeate or infiltrate through the surface layer. In order to capture the water that has permeated through the surface layer, a reservoir layer may be provided between the permeable surface layer and the carbon negative aggregate layer. The reservoir layer permits the storage of a volume of the water therein.
Suitably, the reservoir layer comprises an aggregate material and/or a soil material.
Advantageously, the reservoir layer may act to filter out contaminants and/or pollutants from the water as it passes through the reservoir layer under the action of gravity. Accordingly, the water towards the bottom of the reservoir layer may have been purified to some extent.
The reservoir layer may include one or more outlet pipes which act to direct the water in the reservoir layer away from the paved structure, for example to a collection point, a storage container or area, or an existing waterway. Suitably, the or each outlet pipes are located towards the bottom of the reservoir layer. In other words, the or each outlet pipe may be located in a lower portion of the reservoir layer.
The skilled person will appreciate that the features described and defined in connection with the aspect of the invention and the embodiments thereof may be combined in any combination, regardless of whether the specific combination is expressly mentioned herein. Thus, all such combinations are considered to be made available to the skilled person.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only.
The following examples were prepared and tested: Example No. Bitumen Carbon negative aggregate particles Road planings PFA Cement 1 3wt% 30wt% 60wt% 6wt% 1wt% 2 3wt% 40wt% 50wt% 6wt% 1wt% 3 3wt% 50wt% 40wt% 6wt% 1wt% 4 3wt% 30wt% 60wt% 7wt% Nil 3wt% 40wt% 50wt% 7wt% Nil 6 3wt% 50wt% 40wt% 7wt% Nil 7 5wt% 40wt% 50wt% 4wt% 1wt% 8 5wt% 40wt% 50wt% 5wt% Nil It was found that all of the example formulations exhibited acceptable physical characteristics for use in paved structures.

Claims (10)

  1. Claims 1. A construction material comprising a foamed bitumen binder; carbon negative aggregate particles; and a filler material, wherein the carbon negative aggregate particles comprise a solid precursor material selected from paper sludge combustion material, pulverised fuel ash, cement kiln dust, limestone particles, chalk particles, marble particles, Portland cement, sand, silt and mixtures thereof which has been reacted with carbon dioxide to form a solid aggregate material; and wherein the carbon negative aggregate particles and the filler material are dispersed within the foamed bitumen.
  2. 2. A construction material according to Claim 1, wherein the material comprises 1-10wt% of the foamed bitumen binder; 20-60wt% carbon negative aggregate particles; and 20-60wt% of the filler material.
  3. 3. A construction material according to Claim 2, wherein the material comprises 2-5wt% foamed bitumen binder; 30-50wt% carbon negative aggregate particles; and 30-50wt% filler material.
  4. 4. A construction material according to any of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the filler material comprises road planings. [define road planings]
  5. 5. A construction material according to any of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the construction material further comprises pulverised fly ash.
  6. 6. A construction material according to Claim 5, wherein the pulverised fly ash is present in an amount of 5-10wt%.
  7. 7. A construction material according to any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the construction material further comprises cement.
  8. 8. A construction material according to Claim 7, wherein the cement is present in an amount of 0.1-5wt%.
  9. 9. A paved structure comprising a layer of the construction material as defined in any of Claims 1 to 8.
  10. 10. A paved structure according to Claim 9, wherein the paved structure comprises a surface layer formed from a non-permeable asphalt composition, a permeable asphalt composition, a non-permeable concrete composition or permeable concrete composition; and the layer of construction material is located beneath the surface layer.
GB2308582.2A 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 A construction material Pending GB2631078A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2308582.2A GB2631078A (en) 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 A construction material

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2308582.2A GB2631078A (en) 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 A construction material

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB202308582D0 GB202308582D0 (en) 2023-07-26
GB2631078A true GB2631078A (en) 2024-12-25

Family

ID=87291513

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB2308582.2A Pending GB2631078A (en) 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 A construction material

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2631078A (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100239487A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-09-23 Brent Constantz Non-cementitious compositions comprising co2 sequestering additives
KR20160122492A (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-24 주영에스티에스(주) Asphalt Mixture Using Calcium Carbonate Byproducts

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100239487A1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2010-09-23 Brent Constantz Non-cementitious compositions comprising co2 sequestering additives
KR20160122492A (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-24 주영에스티에스(주) Asphalt Mixture Using Calcium Carbonate Byproducts

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Green Miles Tech, "Low Carbon Cycle Path", greenmilestech.co.uk, Available from: https://greenmilestech.co.uk/portfolio-item/low-carbon-cycle-path/, [Accessed November 2023] *
Jackson Civil Engineering, May 2022 "Bromford Flood Alleviation Scheme", jackson-civils.co.uk, Available from: https://www.jackson-civils.co.uk/?case-study=bromford-flood-alleviation-scheme [Accessed November 2023] *

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Publication number Publication date
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