GB2630593A

GB2630593A - Adaptable scale assembly

Info

Publication number: GB2630593A
Application number: GB2308077.3A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Lawson Mark
Original assignee: Intellivate Ltd
Current assignee: Intellivate Ltd
Priority date: 2023-05-30
Filing date: 2023-05-30
Publication date: 2024-12-04
Also published as: WO2024246500A1; GB202308077D0

Abstract

Mountable weighing modules 200 attachable to ground contacts (e.g. wheels 108 /casters (fig 1a)) of containers 206 (e.g. dumpsters, bins and waste containers) to measure weight. Each module 102b comprising a load cell that outputs a signal indicative of weight, and a first communication unit that transmits/receives signals between different modules. A first module 102a also having a controller, adapted to control the other module/s and a second communication unit able to transmit/receive signals to/from a remote user 204 and data storage. There may be a motion sensor within the module/s, and a location unit comprising e.g GPS. There may be a vehicle refuse management route optimisation based on the weight measurements received e.g. waste removal based on whether the container is determined as being full or empty. The centre of gravity may also be determined based on the output signals of at least three load cells.

Description

ADAPTABLE SCALE ASSEMBLY Technical Field of the Invention [0001] The present disclosure relates to an adaptable scale assembly for a container. Aspects of the invention relate to an adaptable scale assembly and methods of monitoring remote containers.

Background

[0002] Traditional waste collection methods involve the use of scheduled pickups for residential and commercial areas, with waste bins placed at designated locations. This approach often leads to various inefficiencies, such as overflowing bins, missed collections, or unnecessary pickups when bins are not full. These issues can result in increased costs, pollution, traffic congestion, and unsanitary conditions.

[0003] Various systems and methods have been proposed to address these problems, such as, developing routing algorithms for waste collection vehicles and promoting recycling and waste segregation practices. However, these solutions often involve high implementation costs, limited scalability, or insufficient adaptability to changing conditions and demands. Also, users are currently not able to review their real-time waste usage.

[0004] Thus, there is a need for an intelligent bin collection system, as well as, a method that can overcome the limitations of existing solutions, for example, to provide improved efficiency and environmental benefits, and offer a cost-effective and scalable approach to waste management.

Summary of the Invention

According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided an adaptable scale assembly for a container, comprising: a first and at least one further module member, each module member being operably mountable to respective ground contact members of the container, each of said first and at least one further module member comprising: at least one load cell, configured to generate an output signal in response to a pressure acting on said at least one load cell that is suitable to be converted into a weight; a first communication unit, configured to wirelessly transmit and receive signals from any one of said first and further module member, so as to interlink said first and at least one further module member and form a scale assembly, wherein at least said first module member further comprises: a controller, adapted to control any other one of said first and at least one further module member, a second communication unit, configured to transmit and receive signals to and from a remote user, and a data storage unit, accessible by said controller and adapted to store data received from any one of said first and at least one further module member and said remote user.

[0005] The present invention provides an adaptable scale assembly formed of at least two modules, a first, or "primary" (or "master") module and at least one further "secondary" (or "slave") module. The secondary / slave module can be kept relatively simple and may only comprise components that are essential to link with and form a "smart" scale assembly with the primary / master module for a dedicated container. In order to keep cost at a minimum, the secondary or slave modules may only include basic sensors, such as, for example, sensors configured to generate data relating to the weight of a container (e.g. a simple load cell or the like). Thus, any data generated by each of the individual modules (master and slave) is send to and processed by the primary or master module. The first or primary module, which is a more complex unit, i.e. having additional components, such as, for example, a controller, a data storage unit and more than one communication unit, is configured for controlling signals and storing data ready for transmission to a remote user. However, depending on the requirements, the secondary module may also be configured to store and process data prior to the data transfer to the primary or master module.

[0006] This provides the advantage of an adaptable and scalable weighing scale suitable for any number or type of containers, capable of efficiently and effectively (i.e. economically) manage collection and/or servicing (e.g. emptying) and/or maintenance (e.g. cleaning, repair) of a plurality of containers. In particular, the use of a single master and one or more slave modules for each container provides the advantage that an adaptable "smart" scale assembly can be provided for any sized and/or shaped container at minimal cost, by simply combining any required number of slave modules with a single master module (plug & play), so as to form a "smart" scale assembly that provides data to or can be interrogated by an external user (e.g. a Logistics company for waste collection). Another advantage of the present invention is that additional modules can simply be added and linked automatically with the master module in order to provide additional data and potentially increase the accuracy of the scale assembly. A further advantage of the present invention is that it can be retrofitted to existing containers by attaching the modules to respective ground contact members (e.g. legs or wheels) of the container.

[0007] Advantageously, the scale assembly comprises at least one timer operably coupled with said controller that is adapted to periodically switch said first module member between a normal mode and a low power mode. Preferably, said controller is adapted to update any one of said at least one further module member (e.g. via a suitable controller and timer onboard any one of the at least one further module member).

[0008] By periodically reverting to a low power mode, the maintenance requirements of the adaptable scale assembly are reduced, because less recharging is required, and potential damage from wear and tear of the components is minimised. Also, the timer of the master module is configured to update the configuration (e.g. local controller settings and timer) of the slave modules, thus, "synchronising" the settings set for the master module with any (and all) of the linked slave modules.

[0009] Advantageously, when in the low power mode, at least one of said first communication unit, said second communication unit, said load cell, said controller and said data storage unit is inactive.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, said controller is adapted to send a predetermined set of data to said remote user at periodic intervals.

[0011] By periodically sending data to said remote user, rather than continuously sending data, or solely relying on specific events to trigger sending data, monitoring and maintenance requirements of the adaptable scale assembly is improved.

[0012] Advantageously, at least said first module member comprises a power source. Preferably, at least said first module member (when comprising said power source) further comprises a wireless power transfer (WPT) transmitter, and said at least one further module member comprise a WPT receiver.

[0013] Advantageously, any one (e.g. any component or RFID tags) of the further module members may be powered by the power source of the first module member.

[0014] Advantageously, at least one of said first and at least one further module member comprises a motion sensor adapted to provide motion data, and wherein said controller is configured to store said motion data in said data storage unit and/ or to transmit the motion data to the remote user at periodic intervals and/or when detecting motion.

[0015] Advantageously, the motion sensor can be used in multiple ways. Upon detecting motion caused by any one of movement of the container, emptying of the container and filling of the container, the motion detection may trigger the controller to leave low power mode and "wake up" the components of the scale assembly and produce and transmit data to the remote user. This data can include location data or data relating to the change in weight during filling or emptying.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, said first and at least one further module member is operably mountable to a respective caster assembly of the container. Many containers, such as, for example, waste collection containers, are typically equipped with caster wheels. Providing modules with a typical caster wheel setup or design allows for a simple and cost effective replacement.

[0017] Advantageously, at least one of said first and at least one further module member comprises a location unit adapted to provide location data, and wherein said controller is adapted to store said location data in said data storage unit at periodic intervals and/or when detecting changes in location. By providing the location of the container, the remote user can send operatives to the correct location to empty the container or perform maintenance on the scale assembly. Further, having the correct and current location data for each one of a plurality of containers allows for optimising the route (time, distance, fuel economy etc.) to each one of a predetermined set of containers. Preferably, said location unit is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver.

[0018] Advantageously, the present invention further comprises, a first plate being operably mountable to respective ground contact members of the container and a second plate being operably mountable to respective caster assemblies. Preferably, each of said module members are housed in a respective housing, wherein each respective housing comprises first and second plates. Even more preferably, said load cell is attached to at least one of said first and second plate. This provides the advantage of optimising the weight and volume required for the components within the modules.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, said controller is configured to actuate a locking mechanism of the container in response to a command received from said remote user and/or when detecting a predetermined weight of the container. This provides the advantage of additional functionality to the scale assembly, i.e. allowing a remote user to change the lock state of the container, the lock can thereby be engaged or disengaged remotely, such as when a garbage truck arrives to empty the container.

[0020] Preferably, said power source is a battery, such as, a rechargeable battery.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, said scale assembly comprises said first module member and at least two or more further module members.

[0022] According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for managing one or more container operably coupled with an adaptable scale assembly as described above, comprising the steps of: (i) monitoring one or more parameter of said adaptable scale assembly for one or mare container; (ii) receiving at least one scale parameter and at least one location parameter from said adaptable scale assembly; (iii) determining a status of said one or more container based on said at least one scale parameter and at least one location parameter; (vi) determine a route to go to any one of said one or more container where said status meets a predetermined condition that is optimised for a predetermined quality-and/or quantity criteria; (vii) providing said optimised route to one or more vehicles adapted to travel to said one or more container and configured to change any one of said scale parameter and said location parameter.

[0023] Monitoring the containers using an adaptable scale assembly and utilising them in the method as described herein offers numerous benefits to organizations and industries that require efficient, reliable, and timely management of devices or components. For example, by automating the monitoring and collection process, the system eliminates the need for manual inspection and intervention, reducing the time and effort required to identify and collect filled containers. The remote user can optimize collection strategies based on real-time data, ensuring that resources are allocated effectively, and the collection process is streamlined. The adaptable scale assembly and method of monitoring the containers can be easily scaled to accommodate varying numbers of devices and locations, making it suitable for use in a wide range of industries and applications. As an organization grows or its needs change, the system can be expanded or adapted without significant disruption or additional infrastructure investments. The adaptable scale assemblies can be customized to accommodate various types of containers and the method can be modified for varying criteria for whether or not the containers are ready for collection, making it adaptable to the specific needs and requirements of different organizations and industries. This flexibility allows the system to be easily integrated into existing workflows and processes, while also supporting future growth and changes. Additionally, the remote user can collect and store data on collection states, fill levels, types of fill and collection processes to enables analysis of this information and derive valuable insights. This can help identify trends and inefficiencies.

[0024] Advantageously, said scale parameter is based on a signal generated by any one of said load cells, said motion sensor, said locking sensor and said power source.

[0025] Advantageously, taking into account the different data generated by the modules can help optimise the route.

[0026] Advantageously, said scale parameter includes at least one of the following: time elapsed since previous emptying, time elapsed since previous maintenance, a change in location outside of a predetermined area, a full status from said controller.

[0027] Advantageously, taking into account the various parameters helps to optimise the system to allow for preventative maintenance.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention said optimised route is updated during use to add further containers when said further containers meet said criteria.

[0029] Advantageously, if further containers become ready for collection when there is a collection vehicle nearby on a collection route, the vehicle can be rerouted to collect the newly ready container.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention said optimised route is optimised for one of time, fuel efficiency, distance or a combination of time, fuel efficiency and distance.

[0031] According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of assembling the adaptive scale assembly described above, the method comprising the steps of: (i) attaching said first and at least one further module members to a container; (ii) activating said first module member such that said first module member sends a signal to initialise said at least one further module member; (iii) sending and receiving data from any one of said first and further module members, to form a scale assembly; (iv) measuring the weight of the container using the scale assembly; (v) transmitting a signal indicative of the empty weight of the container to said remote user.

[0032] Advantageously, this method allows a remote user to monitor the status of a container, for example when a container such as a pallet is ready to be collected for delivery or when a litter bin is ready to be emptied. The insight gained can be used in a delivery or collection routing algorithm to optimise the routing offering benefits in efficiency, reducing the number of vehicles required to complete the deliveries or collections.

[0033] Additionally, the method described enables a remote user to monitor the status of a container in real-time, providing up-to-date information about the container's location, condition, and contents. The remote user may access this data using a computer or mobile device and may receive notifications or alerts when certain conditions are met, such as when the container is moved, opened, or reaches a certain capacity level. The method may also allow the remote user to track the containers movement over time, view historical data about its use and performance, and analyse trends or patterns in the data.

[0034] Advantageously, said first module member comprises a location unit and generates location data and wherein the method comprises sending said location data to said remote user. Preferably, wherein, when the adaptive scale assembly comprises at least three module members, the method further comprises the step of (vi) determining the centre of gravity of the container based on the output signal of said at least three module members.

[0035] Detecting the centre of gravity of the container using the data generated by the load cells of the module members can provide various insights about the container and its content. The centre of gravity (CoG) data can also be analysed in conjunction with other data to determine further insights.

[0036] Advantageously, the method further comprises the steps of: (vi) detecting variations in the location of said centre of gravity (CoG) over a predetermined period of time; and (vii) analysing said variations to determine if a living being is present in said container.

[0037] Preferably, the method further comprises the step of: (viii) transmitting an alert to said remote user when a living being is detected in said container.

[0038] Other technical features may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following figures, descriptions, and claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0039] To easily identify the discussion of any particular element or act, the most significant digit or digits in a reference number refer to the figure number in which that element is first introduced. The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1A illustrates a module member mounted to a caster assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 1B illustrates an exploded view of select components of a module member in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 1C-F illustrates various alternative embodiments of the caster assembly; Figure 2 illustrates an adaptable scale assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3A illustrates a secondary module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3B illustrates a primary module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 illustrates a flowchart for a method of monitoring a container; Figure 5 illustrates the features of the master and slave modules; Figure 6 illustrates another example embodiment of a load cell arrangement for a module (a) a perspective exploded view of the load cell components, (b) a perspective view of the bottom mounting plate, (c) a perspective view of a single load cell and mounting bracket (for one of the 4x load cells), (d) a Figure 7 perspective view of the middle layer adapted to clamp the load cells to the bottom plate, and (e) a perspective view of the top plate, and illustrates the assembly of the example embodiment shown in Figure 6, where (a) shows a top view of a load cell with the mounting bracket, (b) shows the top plate, (c) shows the four (4x) load cells and mounting brackets in situ in the middle layer, (d) shows a side view of the assembled load cell arrangement, (e) shows a top view of the assembled load cell arrangement (onto top plate), and (f) shows a bottom view of the assembled load cell arrangement (onto bottom plate).

Detailed Description

[0040] Certain terminology is used in the following description for convenience only and is not limiting. The words 'right', 'left', 'lower', 'upper', 'front', 'rear', 'upward', 'down', 'downward', 'above' and 'below' designate directions in the drawings to which reference is made and are with respect to the described component when assembled and mounted (e.g. in situ). The words 'inner', 'inwardly' and 'outer', 'outwardly' refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, a designated centerline or a geometric center of an element being described (e.g. central axis), the particular meaning being readily apparent from the context of the description.

[0041] Further, as used herein, the terms 'connected', 'attached', 'coupled', 'mounted' are intended to include direct connections between two members without any other members interposed therebetween, as well as, indirect connections between members in which one or more other members are interposed therebetween. The terminology includes the words specifically mentioned above, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import.

[0042] Further, unless otherwise specified, the use of ordinal adjectives, such as, 'first', 'second', 'third' etc. merely indicate that different instances of like objects are being referred to and are not intended to imply that the objects so described must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, in ranking or in any other manner.

[0043] Through the description and claims of this specification, the terms 'comprise' and 'contain', and variations thereof, are interpreted to mean 'including but not limited to', and they are not intended to (and do not) exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers or steps. Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality, as well as, singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.

[0044] Features, integers, characteristics, compounds, chemical moieties or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract or drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.

[0045] The term "container" as used herein refers to a broad range of objects that are capable of holding and transporting goods, materials, or waste. Such objects include, but are not limited to, bins, boxes, crates, pallets, barrels, drums, cans, bags, sacks, tanks, and garbage cans. The container may be made from a variety of materials, including plastic, metal, wood, or composite materials, and may have various shapes, sizes, and configurations. In various embodiments, the container may have features such as wheels, handles, lids, locking mechanisms, or other attachments that facilitate its use and transport. The invention described herein is applicable to a wide range of container types and configurations, and the examples provided are intended to be illustrative and not limiting.

[0046] Figure 1A illustrates a view of a caster wheel assembly 100 which relates to an example embodiment of the present invention. The caster wheel assembly 100 comprises a module member 102 which, in the embodiment shown, is located between a first plate 104 and a second plate 106. The first plate 104 and the second plate 106 sandwich the module member 102, to partially house the module member 102. The first plate 104 and the second plate 106 are mutually attached by means of bolts 112a-d. In other embodiments, the first plate 104 and the second plate 106 may be attached by other means, such as rivets or welds. In the embodiment shown, the bolts 112a-d are proud of the first plate 104 and could be used to attach the caster assembly 100 to a container. In different embodiments, the caster assembly 100 is replaced with a leg or any other type of ground contact member suitable for a container. In the embodiment shown, the caster assembly 100 includes a wheel 108 with an engageable brake (optional), the wheel 108 may be attached to the second plate 106 via a swivel joint 110.

[0047] There are at least two types of module member 102, each one comprising at least a load cell mechanism and a first communication unit. The module members 102 include the master module member 102a and the one or more slave module members 102b, with the master module member 102a having additional functionality over the slave module members 102b. The first module member may also be referred to as the master module member or primary module member 102a, and the further module members may also be referred to as slave or secondary module members 102b. The load cell present in each one of the module members 102 is adapted to generate a signal relating to the force, i.e. the weight or pressure, applied to the load cell, when in situ. This signal, indicative of the weight of the container, is then sent via the first communication unit to a controller located in a primary module and combined with other signals to produce a weight measurement for the container which the caster assembly 100 is attached.

[0048] Figure 1B illustrates an exploded view of a selection of components of the module member 102. The first plate 104 is adapted to be attached to the housing 116 and a container by mounting holes 118a-d. The first plate 104 may be formed of any appropriately durable material, such as steel or stainless steel. A gasket 128 is provided between the housing 116 and the top plate 104 to prevent ingress of water and dirt into the housing 116. The gasket is provided with mounting holes 120a-d to allow mounting means such as bolts or rivets to pass through it. A flexure 114 is used as part of a load cell in the module member. One or more strain gauges (not shown) attached to the flexure 114 output a signal which varies depending on the deformation of the flexure. The flexure 114 deforms when a force is exerted on the top plate 104. The output signal from the strain gauge(s) therefore varies according to the weight of the container the assembly is attached to. In the example shown, a Z-beam 114 is illustrated, however, the skilled person will understand that there are various different flexures and arrangements for forming a load cell. A load cell typically comprises a metal or alloy structure, such as a beam, column, or ring, that is designed to deform or bend in response to an applied load. Load cells come in many different types and designs, including compression load cells, tension load cells, bending beam load cells, and shear beam load cells. Load cells may have features such as temperature compensation, overload protection, and environmental sealing to ensure reliable and accurate performance in various operating conditions.

[0049] The housing 116 is provided with a well 130 which can be filled with sensitive components, for example, a PCB comprising data storage, a controller and any other electronic components, such that they are protected from damage from shock, dirt or water. Additionally, the housing 116 is provided with mounting holes 124a-d which can be used to attach the housing to the other components of the module member. In some examples, the Z-beam 114 attaches to the housing at one side (the side including mounting holes 124b and 124c and to the second plate 106 at the opposing side. The second plate 106 is adapted to attach to the other components of the module member 102, as well as, a caster wheel assembly or other ground contact member by mounting means such as bolts or rivets provided through mounting holes 122a-d. In a preferred example, the Z-beam or flexure should be located above the caster assembly or other ground contact member should that the assembly is axisymmetric, meaning that if the ground contact member rotates relative to the container, the moment between the caster assembly and the container does not vary.

[0050] Figure 1C illustrates a wheel 108 of a caster assembly according to an alternative example of a module member 102. In the example shown, the spokes 132 of the wheel act as the flexure and the strain gauges 134 are attached to one or more of the spokes 132. A microprocessor 136 (incl. controller) is also mounted to the spokes 134. The microprocessor 136 may include all of the electronic components, such as the communication units, motion sensor, location unit, controller, data storge unit etc. A power source, such as a battery 138, may also be located within the wheel 108, attached to a spoke 134 and or the inner rim of the wheel 108.

[0051] Figures 1D -1E illustrate further alternative examples embodiments. In Figure 10, the load cell is a piezoresistive load cell 135 placed within its housing and connected to the first and second plates 104, 106 to provide an output signal indicative of the weight of a container 206. In the example shown in Figure 1E, the strain gauge(s) 134 are located on the swivel mount of the castor assembly, which attaches the wheel 108 to the first plate 104. In this example, deformation of the swivel mount is measured by the strain gauge(s) 134 to generate a signal indicative of the weight of the container 206. In the example shown in Figure 1F, the flexure is an S-beam 140 attached to the first and second plates 104, 106, with strain gauge(s) 134 attached to the S beam 140. In this example, deformation of the S-beam 140 is measured by the strain gauge(s) 134 to generate a signal indicative of the weight of the container 206.

[0052] Referring now to Figure 2, a preferred embodiment of the adaptable scale assembly 200 is show, in situ, i.e. operably coupled with the caster wheels of a container 206. In the example shown, there is a single primary ("master") module member 102a (master) and three secondary module members 102b (slave), each respectively attached to the bottom of the container 206. Each of the master module 102a and the slave modules 102b are coupled with a caster wheel 108. In some examples of the adaptable scale assembly 200, there is a single master module 102a and a single slave module 102b. The adaptable scale assembly 200 is adaptable in that the number of slave modules 102b can vary such that an especially large container or a container of a complex shape can be monitored by a master module 102a and an appropriate number of slave modules 102b.

[0053] The slave modules 102b are configured to form a network (or link) with the first or master module 102a using a first communication unit, which is a local communications unit, for example, a Bluetooth module provided in each of the module members 102a, 102b. In some examples, each of the module members 102 can transmit and receive data from each of the other module members 102, in other examples, the slave modules 102b only communicate with the master module 102a. Bluetooth module refers to a hardware component that enables wireless communication between electronic devices using Bluetooth technology. Bluetooth is a wireless communication technology that allows devices to connect and exchange data over relatively short distances, typically up to 10 meters.

[0054] The master module 102a is capable of sending and receiving data, that is to say "communicating" with a remote user 204 or remote control system. The remote user 204 (e.g. a waste management company at a remote location overseeing and managing a number of waste containers) can refer to a variety of entities and devices that are communicating with the master module 102a of an adaptable scale assembly 200 from a location that is separate from the device or system itself. Examples of remote users could include: Human users: These are individuals who access the master module 102a / adaptable scale assembly 200 using a computer, tablet, smartphone, or other electronic device or individuals accessing a cloud-based service.

Remote servers: These are servers that are located in a different physical location than the device or system being accessed. For example, a company may have a web server located in a data centre that is accessed remotely by customers or employees.

Operative Artificial Intelligence (Al) electronic devices: These are Al-enabled devices that can be used to access a system or application remotely. Examples could include robots, drones, or autonomous vehicles that are controlled remotely, for example to empty or collect the container.

Other electronic devices: Other types of electronic devices could also be considered remote users, such as sensors, cameras, or Internet of Things (loT) devices that are used to monitor or control a system remotely.

[0055] The communication between the remote user 204 and the master module 102a of the adaptable scale assembly 200 is provided by a second communication unit included, at least in the master module 102a. The second communication unit is capable of communicating with devices outside of the local area (e.g. via known communication systems, such as, GSM, WLAN, RF, Satellite, GPS, Radar, Infrared). Thus, the second communication unit comprises at least one antenna.

[0056] FIG. 3A illustrates a block diagram of a slave module 102b, the main purpose of the slave modules 102b in the adaptable scale assembly 200 is to generate and send data relating to the weight of the container 206 to the master module 102a. For this purpose, the slave module 102b is provided with at least a load cell 302 and a first communication unit 304, and in this particular example, also includes a controller 306, a data storage 310 and a battery 312. The term load cell 302 refers to any type of transducer that converts a mechanical force or load into an electrical signal that can be measured and analysed. To enable data transfer, the slave module 102b additionally includes a first communication unit 304,. which is capable of networking/linking with the or a communication unit of the master module 102a. The first communication unit 304 may comprise a Bluetooth chip or radio, an antenna, and a small amount of memory for storing configuration data and other settings. Also, it is understood that a controller (PCB) and storage may be provided with the slave module 102b.

[0057] FIG. 3B illustrates a schematic block diagram of a master module 102a including its various components. The primary module member 102a shown includes various components by way of example and the primary module member according to various aspects and embodiments of the invention may include any variety of these components.

[0058] The master module 102a as shown includes at least one load cell 302 which may be the same or different in specification to the load cell included in the slave module 102b.

[0059] The master module 102a as shown includes a first communication unit 304 which may be the same or different in specification to the first communication unit included in the slave module 102b.

[0060] The master module 102a as shown includes a controller 306 (the main controller) which is adapted to control the slave modules (e.g. configure controllers onboard the slave modules 102b), as well as, the components of the master module 102a. The controller 306 may be a microcontroller, microprocessor, or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) combined with software that manages and regulates the operation of the adaptable scale assembly 200 and may be different to the controller used on the slave modules 102b. The controller 306 has various functions, including controlling the networked or linked module members 102, for example, requesting an updated load cell reading from each one of the linked modules 102, or requesting that the network of module members enter a low power mode. In addition, the controller 306 may control the various components of the master module 102a, for example, requesting an updated load cell reading, instructing the first communication unit 304 to search the local area for slave modules, instructing the second communication unit 308 to request a collection from the remote user, requesting, updating or deleting data from the data storage unit 310, reading the status of the battery 312, requesting or receiving updated data from the motion sensor 318, requesting or receiving updated data from a location unit 320.

[0061] The second communication unit 308 (onboard master module 102a) may be a hardware component that enables electronic devices to communicate with each other wirelessly over longer distances than the first communication unit 304. It may include a combination of hardware and software components that facilitate communication between the remote user 204 and the master module 102a. The second communication unit 308 may provide any of a wide range of communication protocols and technologies, such as, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi (WLAN), Ethernet, USB, serial communication, and cellular networks (GSM). In addition to providing connectivity between devices, a communications module (i.e. the second communication unit 308) may also include features such as encryption, authentication, and error correction to ensure the security and reliability of communication. Communications modules can come in a variety of form factors, including chipsets, modules, and standalone devices. The communication unit 308 may support multiple wireless communication standards, including 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G, as well as emerging standards and other wireless communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and NFC (near-field communication) and Internet of Things connectivity such as NB-I0T, CAT-M, MQTT.

[0062] The master module 102a may further comprise a data storage unit 310 (may be different to the data storage of the slave module 102b), that is a hardware component adapted to securely store and manage data collected from load cells, location unit 320, motion sensor 318 or other sources within the adaptable scale assembly 200. The data storage unit 310 is adapted for organizing, preserving, and providing access to the recorded data as required by the adaptable scale assembly 200 and the remote user 204. The data storage unit 310 can be implemented using any known or emergent data storage technologies. Further, it is understood by the person skilled in the art, that suitable data storage may also be provided with the slave modules 102b.

[0063] The master module 102a (as well as the slave modules 102b) may further include a battery 312, such as a rechargeable battery. Additionally, or alternatively, the master module 102a (and any one of the slave modules 102b) may include or be in electrical contact with other power sources, for example, a photovoltaic cell, a power source located on the container, or an electrical mains connection.

[0064] In case the master and/or slave modules 102a, 102b include any form of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) between the modules 102, energy may be transferred for example via radio frequency (RF) energy transfer, magnetic resonant coupling energy transfer, or inductive coupling energy transfer. The WPT system may comprise a receiving antenna or coil, an energy harvesting circuit, and a power management unit to regulate the converted electrical power for safe and efficient use by the connected electronic device or system. In case a WPT system is used (optional), a wireless power transmitter 314 and receiver 316 (illustrated in dotted lines to indicate this feature as an additional option or alternative) may be provided on the master module 102a and the slave module 102b, respectively.

[0065] The master module 102a may further include a motion sensor 318. The motion sensor 318 may be any device which can generate a signal based on the movement of an object, including an accelerometer, gyroscope, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) etc. Upon detecting movement such as upon detected vibrations caused by objects entering the container or movement to a designated emptying location, the motion sensor can provide a system interrupt to the controller 306, such that the controller 306 performs various tasks such as requesting that the data storage unit 310 transmit data being to the remote user via the second communication unit 308 or requesting or cancelling a collection. Alternatively, the motion sensor 318 may provide a system interrupt to prevent a weighing operation during movement of the container.

[0066] Additionally, the motion data can be analysed by either the controller 306 or the remote user 204 so as to determine what form of refuse the container 206 has been filled with. Different forms of refuse, for example refuse of different densities would register differently with the motion sensor, as it enters the container 206 and an algorithm for example a machine learning algorithm (or Artificial Intelligence, AI) could utilise the motion sensor data to determine what kind of refuse is in the bin and estimate how much volume has been used up within the bin. Objects of different shapes and densities may provide characteristic motion data which can be subsequently analysed. The motion sensor data and the weight data could be combined and/ or analysed in tandem to determine the likely fill level of the bin or container 206.

[0067] The master module 102a may further include a location unit 320. The location unit 320 can be used to determine a location of the adaptable scale assembly 200. If the remote user 204 has access to a plurality or network of adaptable scale assemblies 200, it may be useful to know the location of each one and designate each with a unique identifier, the unique identifier being based at least partially on the location of the adaptable scale assembly 200. Lost or stolen containers 206 could also be located and tracked using data generated by the location unit 320. The location unit 320 may be a global positioning system (GPS or GNSS) receiver.

[0068] In alternative examples, the adaptable scale assembly 200 includes various module members 102, each with specific configurations of the components listed above. Each module member 102 may include some or all of the components identified above. For example, the adaptable scale assembly 200 may comprise a master module 102a adapted for control and communications by including a controller 306, a first communication unit 304, a second communication unit 308 and a load cell 302. The adaptable scale assembly 200 may further include a "power" module member, adapted to be a power supply for the other module members 102 by including a battery 312 or other power supply means (incl. a load cell), and a series of further or "more basic" module members 102b, each of which includes at least a first communication unit 304 and a load cell 302. In this manner, the adaptable scale assembly 200 can be adjusted to meet the requirements of a user or system depending on its intended function and/or cost.

[0069] Figure 4 illustrates a flow chart 400 for a method of monitoring a container, including optional steps. It should be noted that the steps are not necessarily in the order shown in the flowchart. The method includes a number of steps denoted by blocks. At block 402 a first and at least one slave module is attached to a container, each of the module members comprises at least one load cell. Block 404 involves powering on and activating said master module 102a such that said master module 102a sends a signal to initialise said at least one slave module member 10213. Block 406 involves discovering the network of master and slave modules and sending and receiving data from any one of said master and slave modules, to form an adaptable scale assembly 200. Block 408 involves initial calibration or taring of the system and subsequently measuring the weight of the container 206 using the scale assembly 200. Block 414 involves interrogation of the adaptable scale assembly by the user including transmitting a signal indicative of the weight of the container to the user. After completing the transmission, the method may return to block 408 after a certain time has elapsed. Alternatively, if one of the module members includes a motion sensor, the motion sensor may cause a repeated weighing at block 408 after detecting motion at block 410.

[0070] A further optional method steps is represented at block 412 which relates to calibrating the scale assembly by detecting the empty weight of the container after the container has been emptied. This step may occur upon initialisation after block 402 or after block 410, after detecting a motion indicative of an emptying of the container.

[0071] Block 404 can be considered the initialisation step and could include saving location data generated by a location unit in one of the module members.

[0072] At block 416, if it is determined that the weight surpasses a certain threshold, or if the location data is abnormal, or if some data, such as data relating to the battery indicates that the adaptable scale assembly 200 requires maintenance, the remote user 204 may determine that an operative such as a maintenance operative, a trash collection operative etc. should be sent to the container.

[0073] Figure 5 illustrates a typical setup and process of each of the master module 102a and the slave module 102b. In some examples, the master module 102a is powered on upon removal of a magnet from the master module, indicating that it has been removed from a charging dock, or upon a magnetic sensor within the master module 102a detecting that it has been attached to a container 206. After powering on, the master 102a discovers slaves 102b which are close enough to be discovered and powered on (through an onboard controller via onboard batteries). This may be over a Bluetooth network, using for example Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology. After the slaves 102b have been discovered and networked/linked with the master 102a, the system / scale assembly 200 is calibrated. Calibration may include taring, logging the location, logging the initial status of the motion sensor etc. The castor weight is calculated using output signal of the strain gauge, load cell, etc. The master 102a then receives the weight readings from the slaves 102b, combines each of the weight readings to calculate the weight of the bin 206.

[0074] The system / scale assembly 200 is registered with the server (remote user 204) by communicating various information including, for example, a serial number and location of the scale assembly 200. The server is in communication with the scale assembly 200 via a cellular network and can transmit the status of the bin 206, such as fill level and location. Upon emptying, the bin 206 will be moved and potentially rotated or turned upside down, generating a signal indicative of the emptying motion in the motion sensor (ball bearing sensor). The master module 102a may then recalibrate / tare to note the empty bin state. The scale assembly 200 can enter a low power mode in which the master requests that each of the slaves 102b enter a low power mode (e.g. via an onboard controller). Periodically, or when detecting predetermined event, the master 102a and slave(s) 102b may awake from low power mode and weigh the bin 206, to then transmit the bin status via the master's second communication unit 308.

[0075] The slave module(s) 102b, in some examples, is powered on upon removal of a magnet from it, indicating that it has been removed from a charging dock, or upon a magnetic sensor within the slave module 102b detecting that it has been attached to a container 206. Alternatively, the slave module 102b may power on upon receiving a signal from the master module 102a. Coincident with the master 102a discovering the slaves 102b, the slaves 102b may "advertise" or broadcast a signal to indicate that it is present and ready to join a network with the master 102a. Once discovered, the slave 102b communicates with the master 102a in order to connect over the Bluetooth network, such as a BLE network, or any other suitable wireless protocol. Upon connecting to the master 102a, the slave's 102b ID (identification) is updated and saved within the master 102a such that the master 102a recognises the same slave 102b in the future.

[0076] The signal indicative of the weight of the container 206 from the slave castor and other status is transmitted to the master module102a. After transmitting its status, the slave module 102b may go into a low power mode. The slave module 102b may wake up on request from the master module102a or from a dedicated CPU timer on the slave module 102b.

[0077] Additionally, the scale assembly 200 may be configured to detect and alarm the remote user of the presence of living beings in the container 206, for example, through predetermined variations in the Centre of Gravity (COG) of the container 206, while maintaining its total weight. Here, the controller 306 may be adapted to analyse changes in said COG over a predetermined time interval, to determine, whether or not, a living being is present in the container 206.

[0078] Figures 6 and 7 show illustrations of another example embodiment and its assembly of a module design (construction) for housing four (4x) load cells arranged in a symmetrical pattern, configured to compensate for a rotatable, axially offset, caster wheel arrangement (as is typically known), i.e. load change when the offset caster wheel rotates about its swivel axis. The four-load-cell arrangement includes respective bottom and top mounting plates, mounting brackets and a midlayer load cell clamp. During use, a swivelling caster wheel causes the load acting on the swivel axis (point of contact on the container 206) to change direction, potentially causing variations in a single load cell arrangement. The four-load-cell arrangement is configured to detect these directional (swivel variations) and compensate for any inaccuracies.

[0079] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily to scale and that certain features may be exaggerated or omitted in order to more clearly illustrate the inventive aspects disclosed herein. The specific embodiments depicted in the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. The present invention may be embodied in various configurations and modifications that will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0080] All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive.

[0081] Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.

[0082] The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed. The claims should not be construed to cover merely the foregoing embodiments, but also any embodiments which fall within the scope of the claims.

[0083] Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the words "comprise" and "contain" and variations of them mean "including but not limited to", and they are not intended to (and do not) exclude other moieties, additives, components, integers or steps. Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the singular encompasses the plural unless the context otherwise requires. In particular, where the indefinite article is used, the specification is to be understood as contemplating plurality as well as singularity, unless the context requires otherwise.

[0084] Features, integers, characteristics, or groups described in conjunction with a particular aspect, embodiment or example of the invention are to be understood to be applicable to any other aspect, embodiment or example described herein unless incompatible therewith. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. The invention is not restricted to the details of any foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.

References: 314 wireless power transmitter 316 wireless power receiver 318 motion sensor 320 location unit 400 method of monitoring 402 module attachment 404 Power On, activation 406 Discover and Link modules 408 Calibration 410 motion detection 412 empty weight calibration 414 Interrogation by user 416 Collection, Inspection 102a 102b 104 106 108 110 112a-d 114 116 118a-d 122a-d 124a-d 126a-d 128 130 132 138 140 200 204 206 302 304 306 308 310 312 caster wheel assembly module member master module slave module first plate second plate wheel swivel joint bolts Z-beam housing mounting holes 1st plate mounting holes 2nd plate mounting holes housing mounting holes gasket gasket well spokes strain gauges piezo-resistive load cell battery S-beam adaptable scale assembly remote user container load cell first communication unit controller second communication unit data storage unit battery

Claims

CLAIMS1. An adaptable scale assembly for a container, comprising: a first and at least one further module member, each module member being operably mountable to respective ground contact members of the container, each of said first and at least one further module member comprising: at least one load cell, configured to generate an output signal in response to a pressure acting on said at least one load cell that is suitable to be converted into a weight; a first communication unit, configured to wirelessly transmit and receive signals from any one of said first and further module member, so as to interlink said first and at least one further module member and form a scale assembly, wherein at least said first module member further comprises: a controller, adapted to control any other one of said first and at least one further module member, a second communication unit, configured to transmit and receive signals to and from a remote user, and a data storage unit, accessible by said controller and adapted to store data received from any one of said first and at least one further module member and said remote user.
2. An adaptable scale assembly according to claim 1, further comprising at least one timer operably coupled with said controller that is adapted to periodically switch said first and at least one further module member between a normal mode and a low power mode.
3. An adaptable scale assembly according to claim 2, wherein, when in said low power mode, at least one of said first communication unit, said second communication unit, said load cell, said controller and said data storage unit is inactive.
4. An adaptable scale assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said controller is adapted to send a predetermined set of data to said remote user at periodic intervals.
5. An adaptable scale assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least said first module member comprises a power source.7. An adaptable scale assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of said first and at least one further module member comprises a motion sensor adapted to provide motion data, and wherein said controller is configured to store said motion data in said data storage unit and/ or to transmit the motion data to the remote user at periodic intervals and/or when detecting motion.8. An adaptable scale assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said first and at least one further module member is operably mountable to a respective caster assembly of the container.9. An adaptable scale assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of said first and at least one further module member comprises a location unit adapted to provide location data, and wherein said controller is adapted to store said location data in said data storage unit at periodic intervals and/or when detecting changes in location.10. An adaptable scale assembly according to claim 9, wherein said location unit is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver.11. An adaptable scale assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said controller is configured to actuate a locking mechanism of the container in response to a command received from said remote user and/or when detecting a predetermined weight of the container.12. An adaptable scale assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said power source is a battery.13. An adaptable scale assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said scale assembly comprises said first module member and at least two or more further module members.14. A method for managing one or more container operably coupled with an adaptable scale assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising the steps of: (i) monitoring one or more parameter of said adaptable scale assembly for one or more container; (ii) receiving at least one scale parameter and at least one location parameter from said adaptable scale assembly; (iii) determining a status of said one or more container based on said at least one scale parameter and at least one location parameter; (vi) determine a route to go to any one of said one or more container where said status meets a predetermined condition that is optimised for a predetermined quality-and/or quantity criteria; (vii) providing said optimised route to one or more vehicles adapted to travel to said one or more container and configured to change any one of said scale parameter and said location parameter.15. The method of claim 14, wherein said scale parameter is based on a signal generated by one or more of: said load cells, said motion sensor, said locking sensor, said power source.16. The method of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein said scale parameter includes at least one of: time elapsed since previous emptying, time elapsed since previous maintenance a change in location outside of a predetermined area, a full status from said controller.17. The method of any of claims 14 to 16, wherein said optimised route is updated during use to add further containers when said further containers meet said criteria.18. The method of any of claims 14 to 17, wherein said optimised route is optimised for one of time, fuel efficiency, distance or a combination of time, fuel efficiency and distance.19. A method of assembling the adaptive scale assembly of any of claims 1 to 13, comprising the steps of: (i) attaching said first and at least one further module members to a container, (ii) activating said first module member such that said first module member sends a signal to initialise said at least one further module member; (iii) sending and receiving data from any one of said first and further module members, to form the adaptive scale assembly; (iv) measuring the weight of the container using the scale assembly; (v) transmitting a signal indicative of the empty weight of the container to said remote user.20. The method of claim 19, wherein said first module member comprises a location unit and generates location data, and wherein the method comprises sending said location data to said remote user.21. The method of claim 19 or claim 20, wherein the adaptive scale assembly comprises at least three module members, the method further comprising the step of: (vi) determining the centre of gravity of the container based on the output signal of said load cells.22. The method of claim 21 further comprising the steps of: (vii) detecting variations in said centre of gravity over a predetermined period of time; (viii) analysing said changes in said centre of gravity to determine if a living being is present in said container.23. The method of claim 22 further comprising the step of: (ix) transmitting an alert to said remote user if a living being is detected in said container.24. The method of any of claims 21 to 23, further comprising the step of: (x) comparing variations in the weight of the container and/ or variations in the location of the container to variations in said centre of gravity.