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GB2609158A - Feedstock processing systems and methods for producing Fischer-Tropsch liquids and transportation fuels - Google Patents

Feedstock processing systems and methods for producing Fischer-Tropsch liquids and transportation fuels Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2609158A
GB2609158A GB2216198.8A GB202216198A GB2609158A GB 2609158 A GB2609158 A GB 2609158A GB 202216198 A GB202216198 A GB 202216198A GB 2609158 A GB2609158 A GB 2609158A
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GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
stream
fraction
feedstock
combined
biogenic carbon
Prior art date
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Application number
GB2216198.8A
Other versions
GB202216198D0 (en
Inventor
G Tiverios Peter
E Macias James
H Lucas Stephen
L Rich Lewis
A Thomson Gregor
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Fulcrum Bioenergy Inc
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Fulcrum Bioenergy Inc
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Publication date
Priority claimed from US16/864,124 external-priority patent/US11525097B2/en
Application filed by Fulcrum Bioenergy Inc filed Critical Fulcrum Bioenergy Inc
Publication of GB202216198D0 publication Critical patent/GB202216198D0/en
Publication of GB2609158A publication Critical patent/GB2609158A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
    • B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • B09B3/80—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving an extraction step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
    • C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
    • C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
    • C10K1/103—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids alkali- or earth-alkali- or NH4 salts or inorganic acids derived from sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/02—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment
    • C10K3/04—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by catalytic treatment reducing the carbon monoxide content, e.g. water-gas shift [WGS]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
    • B09B2101/25—Non-industrial waste, e.g. household waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1022—Fischer-Tropsch products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
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    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
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    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
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    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
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    • C10J2300/1618—Modification of synthesis gas composition, e.g. to meet some criteria
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1643—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy
    • C10J2300/1653—Conversion of synthesis gas to energy integrated in a gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
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    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C10J2300/1656—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals
    • C10J2300/1659—Conversion of synthesis gas to chemicals to liquid hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
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    • C10J2300/1815—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water for carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10K3/006—Reducing the tar content by steam reforming
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

A method for processing feedstock is described, characterized in that incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock. In some embodiments the incoming feedstock is comprised of mixed solid waste, such as municipal solid waste (MSW). In other embodiments the incoming feedstock is comprised of woody biomass. In some instances, the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% and greater suitable for conversion into biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids. The high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids may be upgraded to biogenic carbon liquid fuels. Alternatively, the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover plastic material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% or less.

Claims (56)

1. A method for processing feedstock, characterized in that incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the incoming feedstock is comprised of mixed solid waste.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the incoming feedstock is comprised of woody biomass.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixed solid waste is municipal solid waste (MSW).
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the mixed solid waste is comprised of wet organic waste, dry organic waste and inorganic waste that is comingled.
6. The method of clam 1, wherein the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% and greater suitable for conversion into biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids are upgraded to biogenic carbon liquid fuels.
8 The method of claim 5, further comprising: separating the comingled mixed solid waste into a first stream containing mixed solid waste material having a predetermined size and larger, and a second stream containing mixed solid waste material having the predetermined size and smaller.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising: comminuting the first stream to produce an output stream containing mixed solid waste having the predetermined size and smaller.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising: combining the output stream and the second stream to produce a combined stream, and fractionating the combined stream by size to remove small size, low carbon content material having a size of 2 inches and smaller from high carbon content material.
11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: further fractionating the high carbon content material (overs) to remove inert material to produce a carbonaceous material stream.
12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: comminuting the carbonaceous material stream to produce an output stream containing carbonaceous material having a size of 1 inch and smaller.
13. The method of claim 12, further comprising: drying the output stream to produce a processed feedstock containing carbonaceous material and a moisture content in the range of 8% to 15%.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recover plastic material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having biogenic carbon content of 50% or less.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein the processed feedstock contains biogenic carbon content in a range of 50% to 100%.
16. The method of claim 13, wherein the processed feedstock contains 51% and greater biogenic carbon content.
17. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of separating the comingled mixed solid waste is carried out using a trommel.
18. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of comminuting is carried out using a shredder with a shredder opening in a range of 6 - 15 inches.
19. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of fractionating the combined stream is carried out through a vibratory screen, and where the 2 inch and smaller fraction is removed for further fractionation into an inert low biogenic carbon material and a high biogenic content material.
20. The method of claim 11, wherein the further fractionating step is carried out through an air separator wherein a heavy fraction is separated from a light fraction by differences in density.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the heavy fraction from the air separator is further fractionated in another air separator wherein the heavy fraction is further separated into a medium fraction and a heavy -heavy fraction by differences in density.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the heavy -heavy fraction is removed as inert low biogenic material.
23. The method of claim 21, wherein the light fraction is combined with the medium fraction and the combined stream is passed over a magnet to remove ferrous material from the combined stream.
24. The method of claim 20, wherein the heavy fraction is further fractionated through a vibratory screen to remove non-carbonaceous (i.e. inert) material having a size of 1 inch and smaller.
25. The method of claim 21, wherein the light fraction, medium fraction and heavy fraction are combined to produce a combined fraction stream and then passed through an eddy current to remove non - ferrous material.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein the combined fraction stream is passed through an optical sorter to remove at least a portion of plastic content in the combined fraction stream, to produce a processed feedstock.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein the plastic content in the combined fraction stream is selectively removed such that processed feedstock has a biogenic carbon content of up to 95%.
28. The method of claim 26, wherein the plastic content in the combined fraction stream is selectively removed such that processed feedstock has a biogenic carbon content of up to 50%.
29. The method of claim 26, wherein the plastic content in the combined fraction stream is selectively removed such that processed feedstock has a biogenic carbon content of 51% and greater.
30. The method of claim 26, wherein the plastic content in the combined fraction stream is selectively removed such that processed feedstock has a biogenic carbon content between 50% and to 95%.
31. A system for processing incoming feedstock to selectively recover biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock, the system comprising: a sorting station configured to separate the incoming feedstock into a first stream containing mixed solid waste material having a predetermined size and larger, and a second stream containing mixed solid waste material having the predetermined size and smaller; a first commination unit in communication with the sorting station and configured to comminute the first stream to produce an output stream containing mixed solid waste having the predetermined size and smaller, and combine the output stream and the second stream to produce a combined stream; a fractionation unit in communication with the commination unit and configured to fractionate the combined stream by size to remove small size, low carbon content material having a size of 2 inches and smaller from high carbon content material; a fine fractionation density unit in communication with the fractionation unit and configured to further fractionate the high carbon content material to remove inert material to produce a carbonaceous material stream; a ferrous removal unit in communication with the fine fractionation density unit configured to remove ferrous material from the carbonaceous material stream; a non-ferrous removal unit in communication with the ferrous removal unit and configured to remove non-ferrous material from the carbonaceous material stream; a plastic removal unit in communication with the non-ferrous removal unit and configured to remove plastic material from the carbonaceous material stream; a second commination unit in communication with the plastic removal unit and configured to comminute the carbonaceous material stream to produce an output stream containing carbonaceous material having a size of 1 inch and smaller; and a drying unit in communication with the second commination unit and configured to dry the output stream to produce a processed feedstock containing carbonaceous material and a moisture content in the range of 8% to 15%.
32. The system of claim 31, wherein the incoming feedstock is comprised of mixed solid waste.
33. The system of claim 31, wherein in the incoming feedstock is comprised of woody biomass.
34. The system of claim 31, wherein the mixed solid waste is municipal solid waste (MSW).
35. The system of claim 31, wherein the at least a portion of non-biogenic carbons and non-carbonaceous materials comprises dirt, glass, wet organics, and other inerts.
36. The system of clam 31, wherein the incoming feedstock is processed to selectively recovery biogenic carbon material from the incoming feedstock to produce a processed feedstock having high biogenic carbon content suitable for conversion into high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids.
37. The system of claim 36, wherein the high biogenic carbon Fischer Tropsch liquids are upgraded to high biogenic carbon liquid fuels.
38. The system of claim 31, wherein the ferrous removal unit comprises magnetic separators.
39. The system of claim 31, further comprising an anaerobic digester station comprising one or more anaerobic digesters, used to digest sewage biosolids, low solids or screened animal manure, and low suspended solids or high soluble solids as in anaerobic filters or upflow sludge blanket digesters.
40. The system of claim 31, wherein the processed feedstock contains up to 50% biogenic carbon content.
41. The system of claim 31, wherein the processed feedstock contains biogenic carbon content in a range of 50% to 100%.
42. The system of claim 31, wherein the processed feedstock contains 51% and greater biogenic carbon content.
43. The system of claim 31, wherein the sorting station comprises a trommel.
44. The system of claim 31, wherein the first commination unit comprises a shredder with a shredder opening in a range of 6 - 15 inches.
45. The system of claim 31, wherein the fractionation unit comprises a vibratory screen, and where the 2 inch and smaller fraction is removed for further fractionation into an inert low biogenic carbon material and a high biogenic content material.
46. The system of claim 31, wherein the fractionation unit further comprises an air separator wherein a heavy fraction is separated from a light fraction by differences in density.
47. The system of claim 46, wherein the heavy fraction from the air separator is further fractionated in another air separator wherein the heavy fraction is further separated into a medium fraction and a heavy -heavy fraction by differences in density.
48. The system of claim 47, wherein the heavy -heavy fraction is removed as inert low biogenic material.
49. The system of claim 48, wherein the light fraction is combined with the medium fraction and the combined stream is sent to the ferrous removal unit.
50. The system of claim 49, wherein the fine fractionation density unit is configured to fractionate the heavy fraction through a vibratory screen to remove non- carbonaceous (i.e. inert) material having a size of 1 inch and smaller.
51. The system of claim 50, wherein the light fraction, medium fraction and heavy fraction are combined to produce a combined fraction stream and then passed to the non - ferrous removal unit, the non - ferrous removal unit comprising an eddy current configured to remove non - ferrous material.
52. The system of claim 51, wherein the combined fraction stream is passed to the plastic removal unit, the plastic removal unit comprising an optical sorter configured to remove at least a portion of plastic content in the combined fraction stream, to produce a processed feedstock.
53. The system of claim 52, wherein the plastic content in the combined fraction stream is selectively removed such that processed feedstock has a biogenic carbon content of up to 95%.
54. The system of claim 52, wherein the plastic content in the combined fraction stream is selectively removed such that processed feedstock has a biogenic carbon content of up to 50%.
55. The system of claim 52, wherein the plastic content in the combined fraction stream is selectively removed such that processed feedstock has a biogenic carbon content of 51% and greater.
56. The system of claim 52, wherein the plastic content in the combined fraction stream is selectively removed such that processed feedstock has a biogenic carbon content between 50% and to 100%.
GB2216198.8A 2020-04-30 2021-04-30 Feedstock processing systems and methods for producing Fischer-Tropsch liquids and transportation fuels Withdrawn GB2609158A (en)

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