GB2585925A

GB2585925A - Imaging device housing

Info

Publication number: GB2585925A
Application number: GB1910594.9A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Maughan Christopher
Original assignee: Thermal Compliance Ltd
Current assignee: Thermal Compliance Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-24
Filing date: 2019-07-24
Publication date: 2021-01-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-24
Also published as: GB201910594D0; GB2585925B

Abstract

A system for protecting an imaging device (204, fig. 2) within an extreme temperature environment. The system comprises an imaging device housing 200 comprising a vacuum chamber (205, fig. 2) having a first imaging window 203, and an outer housing 500 comprising a further chamber arranged to enclose the imaging device housing 200 and comprising a second imaging window 503. The first 203 and second 503 imaging windows are arranged such that the imaging device (204, fig. 2) can image an environment outside of the housing 200. The further chamber is also sealable so that a substantially constant pressure can be maintained within the further chamber. Preferably the imaging device (204, fig. 2) is a camera and the extreme temperature environment is an autoclave chamber during an autoclave cycle. There may also be a light source (208, fig. 2) located within the vacuum chamber (205, fig. 2).

Description

Imaging Device Housing

Technical Field

The present invention relates to devices and methods for protecting imaging devices 5 within extreme temperature environments.

Background

Autoclaves are used to sterilise items such as pharmaceutical products and equipment used to manufacture pharmaceutical products by subjecting them to conditions that kill living organisms. Typically, autoclaves sterilise items by subjecting them to high temperature, high pressure and saturated steam conditions. Saturated steam is used as a sterilisation fluid in autoclave cycles because it has heat transfer properties that mean that it can sterilise items particularly effectively.

It is useful to be able to monitor conditions within an autoclave. For example, it is useful to be able to validate that the temperature, pressure, and steam characteristics of a particular autoclave cycle causes items to be sterilised (i.e. be made substantially free from bacteria or other living organisms). This is typically achieved using temperature and pressure sensors and biological indicators positioned within the autoclave.

As part of autoclave cycle validation, it is also important to ensure the conditions of the cycle (particularly the pressure and temperature) do not cause damage or deformation to items. For example, some plastics can be deformed during a sterilisation process within an autoclave and this can impact the use of the items that include plastics.

Existing techniques for monitoring damage or deformation to items within an autoclave require items to be manually inspected after an autoclave cycle has finished. This can slow the cycle validation process and does not provide information about how items fail or deform at particular stages of an autoclave cycle.

It would therefore be desirable to provide a technique that enables items within an autoclave chamber or other extreme temperature environment to be monitored visually in a way that obviates or mitigates some or all of these disadvantages.

Summary of the Invention

According to a first aspect of the invention, a system for protecting an imaging device within an extreme temperature environment is provided. The system comprises an imaging device housing comprising a vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber arranged to enclose an imaging device and comprising a first imaging window. The system further comprises an outer housing comprising a further chamber arranged to enclose the imaging device housing and comprising a second imaging window. The first and second imaging window are arranged such that when the further chamber encloses the imaging device housing, an imaging device located in the vacuum chamber of the imaging device housing can image an environment outside of the imaging device housing and the outer housing through the first and second imaging window. The further chamber is sealable so that a substantially constant pressure can be maintained within the further chamber when the further chamber encloses the imaging device housing.

Optionally, the system further comprises an insulating material located within the further chamber.

Optionally, the insulating material is arranged within the further chamber to support 20 the imaging device housing such that the imaging device housing is spaced apart from internal walls of the further chamber.

Optionally, the insulating material comprises ceramic wool.

Optionally, the outer housing comprises a re-sealable opening through which the imaging device housing can be inserted into and removed from the further chamber.

Optionally, the imaging device housing comprises a non-return valve connected to the vacuum chamber through which a vacuum can be applied to the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the imaging device housing comprises an imaging device support structure configured to hold the imaging device such that the imaging device is spaced apart from internal walls of the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the vacuum chamber is configured to withstand a vacuum of 100mBar absolute pressure.

Optionally, the further chamber is sealable to maintain atmospheric pressure during an autoclave cycle.

Optionally, the system further comprises an imaging device located in the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the system further comprises a light source located in the vacuum chamber.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an outer housing for use within an extreme temperature environment. The outer housing comprises a chamber arranged to enclose a further housing, the chamber comprising an imaging window through which an imaging device located in the chamber can image an environment outside of the outer housing. The chamber is sealable so that a substantially constant pressure can be maintained within the chamber when the chamber encloses the further housing.

Optionally, the outer housing further comprising an insulating material located within the chamber.

Optionally, the insulating material is arranged within the chamber to support the further housing such that the further housing is spaced apart from internal walls of the chamber.

Optionally, the insulating material comprises ceramic wool.

Optionally, the outer housing comprises a re-sealable opening through which the further housing can be inserted into and removed from the chamber.

Optionally, the chamber is configured such that it is sealable to maintain atmospheric pressure within the chamber during an autoclave cycle.

Optionally, the further housing is an imaging device housing.

According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of protecting an imaging device as the imaging device collects imaging data. The method comprises inserting an imaging device into a vacuum chamber of an imaging device housing; sealing the vacuum chamber; applying a vacuum to the vacuum chamber; inserting the imaging device housing into a chamber of an outer housing; sealing the chamber of the outer housing; and collecting imaging data through a first imaging window of the vacuum chamber and a second imaging window of the further chamber using the imaging device.

Optionally, the method further comprises inserting an insulating material into the chamber of the outer housing to support the imaging device housing such that the imaging device housing is spaced apart from internal walls of the chamber.

Optionally, applying a vacuum to the vacuum chamber comprises applying a vacuum of approximately 100m Bar absolute pressure.

Optionally, sealing the chamber of the outer housing comprises sealing the chamber at approximately atmospheric pressure.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, techniques are provided for protecting an imaging device such as a camera in an extreme temperature environment such as within an autoclave chamber, industrial freezer or lyophilisation device. A first "outer" housing is provided having a chamber that is arranged to enclose and be sealed around a second "imaging device" housing. The imaging device housing itself includes a vacuum chamber that is arranged to enclose and be sealed around an imaging device.

Accordingly, the outer housing provides an additional level of protection for the imaging device housing by insulating the imaging device housing from the extreme conditions such as, in the case of an autoclave cycle, pressures and temperatures that are significantly above atmospheric values.

When sealed within the outer housing, the imaging device housing experiences a substantially constant pressure even when the pressure varies, for example during an autoclave cycle.

This can be advantageous, for example, when the vacuum chamber of the imaging device housing is sealed using a sealing mechanism that relies on a pressure differential to maintain the integrity of the seal (such as a one-way valve) because even if the pressure in the autoclave drops below the pressure in the vacuum chamber, the integrity of the seal can be maintained.

The constant pressure in the outer housing can also be advantageous because fluid (typically air) sealed within the outer housing can provide a region of thermal insulation around the imaging device housing thereby reducing the rate of heat transfer to the imaging device housing.

Furthermore, in certain embodiments, an insulating material such as ceramic wool can be located within the outer housing to provide additional thermal insulation to the imaging device housing.

It will be understood that atmospheric pressure refers to the range of ambient pressures experienced on the surface of the earth including standard (i.e. sea level) atmospheric pressure of approximately 1 Bar absolute.

Advantageously, when located within an autoclave an imaging device can be protected from the pressure, temperature and humidity present within the autoclave chamber during an autoclave cycle. Protecting an imaging device in this way can prevent or reduce damage to the imaging device so that the imaging device can withstand repeated exposures to cycles within an autoclave and/or so that imaging devices that are not specifically adapted to operate in extreme environments can be used. The system is useable with existing autoclave designs and can be readily and adaptably positioned within an autoclave to image items as they are sterilised.

Also disclosed herein is an imaging device housing for protecting an imaging device within an extreme temperature environment. In certain embodiments, the imaging device housing is the imaging device housing according to the first, second or third aspect.

The housing comprises a vacuum chamber comprising an imaging window through which an imaging device located in the vacuum chamber can image an environment outside of the housing.

Optionally, the housing further comprises an imaging device support structure configured to hold the imaging device such that the imaging device is spaced apart from internal walls of the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the imaging device support structure is configured to minimise an area of contact between the imaging device support structure and the internal walls of the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the imaging device support structure comprises a tray positionable within the vacuum chamber, the tray comprising a region configured to support the imaging device.

Optionally, the imaging device support structure comprises one or more spaced apart protrusions on a surface of the support, the protrusions arranged to contact the internal walls of the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the imaging device support structure comprises a region for supporting the imaging device, and two or more elongate legs extending radially outwardly from the region, the legs arranged to make contact with the internal walls of the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the imaging device support structure comprises a thermally insulating material.

Optionally, the thermally insulating material is a plastic material.

Optionally, the housing further comprises a resealable opening providing access to the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the vacuum chamber is configured to withstand a vacuum of equal to or less than 100mBar absolute pressure.

Optionally, the housing further comprises a valve connected to the vacuum chamber through which a vacuum can be applied to the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the valve is a non-return valve.

Optionally, the housing is substantially cylindrical in shape.

Optionally, the housing further comprises an imaging device located within the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the housing further comprises a sleeve enclosing at least part of the imaging device.

Optionally, the imaging device is a camera.

Optionally, the housing further comprises a light source located within the vacuum chamber.

Optionally, the extreme temperature environment is an autoclave chamber during an autoclave cycle.

Certain embodiments of the invention provide a housing that is locatable within an 30 extreme temperature environment such as an autoclave chamber, industrial freezer or lyophilisation device.

The housing has a chamber within which an imaging device such as a camera can be located. The chamber is adapted to be held at a vacuum (i.e. a pressure significantly lower than atmospheric pressure). The imaging device can record images of items as they undergo processing (for example sterilisation inside an autoclave).

Advantageously, the housing protects the imaging device so that the imaging device 5 can withstand repeated exposures to cycles within an extreme temperature environment. For example, when the housing is located within an autoclave chamber, the imaging device within the vacuum chamber is protected from the harsh environmental conditions present within the autoclave during an autoclave cycle, including temperatures significantly above atmospheric temperature. The vacuum in 10 the chamber reduces the rate of heat transfer to the imaging device. Fewer air molecules in the chamber reduces the rate of convective and conductive heat transfer from the internal walls of the chamber to the imaging device.

Thus, the imaging device within the vacuum chamber can be insulated from the 15 temperature within the extreme temperature environment. This prevents or reduces heat damage to the imaging device and/or allows imaging devices that are not specifically adapted to operate in extreme environments to be used.

The housing is useable with existing autoclaves or other extreme temperature devices and can be readily and adaptably positioned to image items during processing. The housing and imaging device can be re-used.

Certain embodiments of the present invention further protect an imaging device in the housing from the temperature of an extreme temperature environment by holding the imaging device, via an imaging device support structure, so that the imaging device is not in contact with (spaced apart from) the internal walls of the chamber. Advantageously, this means the imaging device can be partially or entirely surrounded by a vacuum. This can further reduce heat transfer from the walls of the chamber to the imaging device (because conductive heat transfer from the walls of the chamber to the imaging device is reduced). In certain embodiments of the present invention, the imaging device is entirely spaced apart from the walls of the chamber.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, the imaging device support structure includes a tray that is positionable within the vacuum chamber.

Advantageously, an imaging device can be conveniently and securely held within the tray and can be conveniently positioned in the chamber.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, the imaging device 5 support structure is configured to reduce an area of contact between the support and the internal walls of the chamber. Advantageously, this can further reduce heat transfer to an imaging device through the imaging device support structure. The configuration of the imaging device support structure can include, for example, one or more spaced apart protrusions on a surface of the support arranged to contact the to walls of chamber and thereby reduce an area of contact between the support and the internal walls of the chamber.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, the imaging device support structure is at least partially composed of a thermally insulating material such as a plastic or a ceramic material. Advantageously, this further reduces heat transfer to the imaging device through the imaging device support structure.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, a sleeve arranged to at least partially enclose an imaging device is provided. Advantageously, the sleeve can provide a protective layer around an imaging device. This can further reduce heat transfer to the imaging device.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, the vacuum chamber comprises a resealable opening providing access to the vacuum chamber.

Advantageously, the resealable opening provides a convenient means by which an inside of chamber can be accessed. For example, to access an imaging device within the chamber.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, the chamber is adapted so that a vacuum of equal to or less than 100mBar absolute pressure can be applied to it. Advantageously, applying a suitable level of vacuum to the vacuum chamber reduces the rate of heat transfer to an imaging device located within the chamber.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, a valve is provided through which a vacuum can be applied to the chamber. Advantageously, vacuum levels within the chamber are controllable via the valve. In certain embodiments, conventional vacuum generating devices known in the art can be conveniently connected to the valve to apply a vacuum to the chamber.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, the valve is a non-return valve. Advantageously, a vacuum is maintainable within the chamber after it has been applied.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, the housing is substantially cylindrical in shape. Advantageously, this shape enables existing imaging devices that are also cylindrical to be conveniently placed within the chamber. The shape also reduces the surface area to volume ratio of the housing compared with certain other shapes thereby reducing heat transfer to the inside of the chamber.

In accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention, an imaging device such as a camera, and/or a light source such as LED module, are located within the vacuum chamber to provide imaging and illumination respectively. Advantageously, the light source can be used to illuminate the inside of an extreme temperature environment such as an autoclave chamber so that items inside the autoclave can be imaged by an imaging device.

Various further features and aspects of the invention are defined in the claims.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings where like parts are provided with corresponding reference numerals and in which: Figure la provides a schematic diagram showing an exploded view of an imaging device housing in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure lb provides a schematic diagram of the imaging device housing of Figure la in 10 an assembled configuration in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 provides a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of a further imaging device housing in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 provides a schematic diagram of an imaging device housing in use within an autoclave in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 provides a schematic diagram of an interface between a tube and an end 20 fitting of an imaging device housing in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5a provides a schematic diagram showing an exploded view of a system for protecting an imaging device within an autoclave during an autoclave cycle in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure 5b provides a schematic diagram of the system of Figure 5a in an assembled configuration in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure 6 provides a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the system of Figure 5a and 5b in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; Figure 7 provides a schematic diagram of an interface between a tube and an end fitting in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention; and Figure 8 provides a schematic diagram of a system in use within an autoclave in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Figure la provides a schematic diagram showing an exploded view of an imaging device housing 100 in accordance with certain embodiments of the invention. The imaging device housing 100 is arranged to protect an imaging device such as a camera inside an extreme temperature environment, which in the embodiments described with reference to Figure 1a is the interior of an autoclave chamber during an autoclave cycle.

Conditions within an autoclave chamber during an autoclave cycle typically include substantially above atmospheric temperatures and pressures, and saturated steam (i.e. steam that is at or close to its saturation temperature for a given pressure and consisting entirely or substantially of vapour). For example, in a typical autoclave cycle the temperature can reach 140°C or above and the pressure can reach 0.05 and 4 Bar absolute.

The imaging device housing 100 includes a cylindrical tube 101. The tube 101 has an opening at one end providing access to a region inside the tube 101. The region inside the tube 101 is shaped so that an imaging device such as a camera can be located within the tube 101.

The imaging device housing 100 also includes an end fitting 102. The tube 101 and the end fitting 102 are releasably securable with each other. It will be understood that various suitable ways of releasably securing the tube 101 and end fitting 102 could be used. One suitable technique is described with reference to Figure 4.

When secured together, the tube 101 and the end fitting 102 provide a pressure resilient seal. The region sealable by the tube 101 and the end fitting 102 defines a vacuum chamber. The tube 101 and end fitting 102 together provide a resealable opening providing access to the vacuum chamber.

The vacuum chamber is arranged such that a vacuum (a pressure substantially below atmospheric pressure) can be applied to and maintained within it. In certain embodiments, the vacuum chamber is arranged so that a vacuum of equal to or less than 100m Bar (i.e. 0.1 Bar) absolute pressure can be applied to and maintained within it.

The tube 101 includes a valve 104. The valve 104 is connected to the vacuum 5 chamber. The connection between the valve 104 and the vacuum chamber allows gasses to be removed from the vacuum chamber via the valve 104 so that a vacuum can be applied to the vacuum chamber. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1a, the valve 104 is a non-return valve. The non-return valve only allows gasses to flow out of the vacuum chamber. This means that a vacuum can be maintained within the vacuum 10 chamber once it has been applied. A vacuum generating device is securable to the valve 104 to generate a vacuum within the vacuum chamber.

The tube 101 and the end fitting 102 typically comprise a metal material such as stainless steel.

The end fitting 102 includes an imaging window 103. The imaging window 103 is composed of a transparent material. An imaging device such as a camera located in the vacuum chamber can see through the imaging window 103 to image (and thereby collect visual information relating to) an environment outside of the housing 100.

Typically, in use the environment imaged by the imaging device is the inside of an autoclave including any items located within.

Typically, the imaging window 103 is composed of a suitable glass such as borosilicate glass, although it will be understood that other suitable materials can be used.

An imaging device 105 is located within the vacuum chamber. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1a, the imaging device 105 is a camera. The camera is operable to record visual images. The camera includes an imaging sensor such as a charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS), a processor and a physical storage medium such as a removeable solid state memory card for storing images captured by the sensor.

In certain embodiments, the imaging device 105 is a thermal or thermographic camera. Typically, the imaging device 105 records imaging data and stores the imaging data locally on the physical storage medium. Alternatively, or additionally to storing the imaging data locally, in certain embodiments the imaging device 105 can wirelessly transmit the imaging data to a remote device outside of the autoclave, via a transceiver of the imaging device 105, for remote monitoring and/or recording at the remote device.

The imaging device housing 100 also includes an imaging device support structure 106. The imaging device support structure 106 is arranged to securely hold an imaging device within the vacuum chamber so that the imaging device is not in contact with (is spaced apart from) the internal walls of the chamber.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1a, the imaging device support structure 106 comprises a hollow cylindrical tray. The tray is slidable into and out from the vacuum chamber via the opening of the tube 101 when the end fitting 102 is removed. A region inside the tray is shaped to support the imaging device 105.

In certain embodiments, the tray only partially encloses the imaging device 105.

The imaging device support structure 106 holds the imaging device 105 within the vacuum chamber so that the imaging device 105 is not in direct contact with the internal walls of the vacuum chamber. In this way, the imaging device support structure 106 suspends the imaging device inside the vacuum chamber. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1a, the walls of the vacuum chamber comprise the inner surface of the tube 101 and the surface of the end fitting 102.

The imaging device support structure 106 is configured to minimise an area of contact between the imaging device support structure 106 and one or more walls of the vacuum chamber. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1a, this is achieved using a plurality of spaced apart protrusions 107a 107b located on a surface of the imaging device support structure 106. The protrusions 107a 107b extend out from the imaging device support structure 106 to make contact with the internal walls of vacuum chamber.

The imaging device support structure 106 is composed of a thermally insulating material, for example a plastic material such as polycarbonate. This can reduce heat transfer through the imaging device support structure 106. In certain embodiments, the imaging device support structure 106 is integrally formed, for example via an additive manufacturing process.

Figure 1 b provides a schematic diagram of the imaging device housing 100 of Figure 1a in an assembled (i.e. ready to use) configuration.

The end fitting 102 is secured to the tube 101 to provide a sealed vacuum chamber. The imaging device 105 is held within the vacuum chamber by the imaging device support structure 106 so that it is not in contact with the walls of the vacuum chamber.

The imaging device 105 is held within the vacuum chamber in a suitable position next to the imaging window 103 so that it can image the environment external to the imaging device housing 100 via the imaging window 103.

A vacuum is applied to the vacuum chamber via the valve 104.

In this configuration, the imaging device housing 100 can be placed in and can record images of an extreme temperature, pressure, and/or humidity environment such as an autoclave while protecting the imaging device 105 from the extreme conditions. The imaging device housing 100 in use is described in more detail with reference to Figure 3.

It will be appreciated that the imaging device support structure 106 could take various shapes/configurations. For example, where the imaging device support structure 106 includes protrusions, different numbers, shapes and spacings of protrusions could be used. A further configuration of imaging device support structure is described and depicted with reference to Figure 2.

Figure 2 provides a simplified cross-sectional diagram of a further imaging device housing 200 in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention.

The imaging device housing 200 includes a tube 201, an end fitting 202, an imaging window 203, an imaging device 204, and a vacuum chamber 205. The configuration of these components substantially corresponds with the corresponding components described with reference to Figures 1a and 1 b except as otherwise described below.

Unlike in the embodiment shown in Figures la and 1b, in the embodiment shown in Figure 2 the imaging device housing 200 does not include a valve for applying a vacuum to the vacuum chamber. Instead, a vacuum is applied to the vacuum chamber 205 by sealing the vacuum chamber 205 (that is, securing the tube 201 and end fitting 202) in an environment where a vacuum is present so that a vacuum is maintained within the vacuum chamber 205.

The imaging device housing 200 includes an imaging device support structure. As described with reference to Figure la, the imaging device support structure is a structure that is arranged to secure the imaging device 204 within the vacuum chamber 205 in a position where the imaging device 204 is not in direct contact with the walls of the vacuum chamber 205.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the imaging device support structure includes a region 206 that secures the imaging device 204 by at least partially enclosing the imaging device 204. The region 206 typically comprises a resilient band arranged to extend around an outer surface of the imaging device 204.

The imaging device support structure also includes a plurality of elongate legs 209a 20 209b extending radially outwardly from the band. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, the support includes three legs (two of which can be seen in the cross-sectional view of Figure 2).

The legs 209a 209b extend out from the band to make contact with the internal walls of the vacuum chamber. An end of each of the legs 209a 209b furthest from the band includes a surface that is shaped to conform with the shape of the wall of the vacuum chamber where the leg makes contact. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the surface of each of the legs 209a 209b is curved to correspond with the curved surface resulting from the cylindrical inner walls of the vacuum chamber.

Typically, the imaging device support structure is composed of a thermally insulating material such as polycarbonate.

In certain embodiments, the imaging device 204 includes an insulating sleeve 207. The sleeve 207 comprises a portion of thermally insulating material that is shaped to enclose at least part of the imaging device 204. In certain embodiments, the sleeve 207 comprises a portion of adhesive tape that is wrapped around the imaging device 204. The sleeve 207 can further reduce heat transfer to the imaging device 204.

In certain embodiments, a light source 208 is located within the vacuum chamber 205. The light source 208 is positioned within the vacuum chamber 205 so that it can illuminate the environment local to the imaging device housing 200 through the imaging window 203. The light source can be attached to or be integral with the imaging device. Various suitable light sources can be used, for example an LED module including a power source and one or more LED bulbs.

Figure 3 shows an imaging device housing 300 in use within an autoclave 301. The imaging device housing 300 is typically of a type described herein.

Before being placed in the autoclave, the imaging device housing 300 is put into a ready to use configuration. As described herein, this involves sealing an imaging device inside the imaging device housing 300 adjacent to an imaging window and 20 applying a vacuum.

An item 302 for sterilisation, such as a piece of medical packaging, is located within the autoclave 301.

The imaging device housing 300 is positioned in the autoclave 301 so that the imaging window is directed towards the item 302. The imaging device begins collecting imaging information relating to the item 302.

The autoclave cycle takes place. In this example, the autoclave cycle involves removing a substantial amount of the air that is present within the autoclave 301. Next, saturated steam at a temperature significantly above atmospheric temperature is injected into the autoclave 301 at significantly above atmospheric pressure. As the cycle continues, the temperature, pressure and saturated steam conditions are varied according to a predetermined program.

The conditions within the autoclave kill living organisms that are present on the item 302. As the item 302 is being sterilised, the imaging device is collecting imaging information about how the item 302 is performing (for example if/how it is deforming or degrading under the conditions of the autoclave).

In certain embodiments, the imaging information is recorded and stored locally by the imaging device for review after the autoclave cycle. However, alternatively or additionally, the imaging information can be wirelessly transmitted to a further device such as a smartphone for viewing and/or recording via a suitable wireless communication technique (such as Bluetooth) that can send and receive signals through the housing 300 and autoclave 301. Wirelessly transmitting the imaging information allows imaging information relating to the item 302 to be viewed live during an autoclave cycle.

The imaging information can be used to visualise how the item 302 behaves during the autoclave cycle. For example, if the item 302 is damaged or degraded by the cycle, the imaging information can be used to redesign the item 302 and/or to change the operating conditions of the autoclave cycle (e.g. the temperature and/or pressure) to ensure that damage does not occur.

Additionally, the imaging information can be used to identify when the positioning of the item within the chamber results in the item being wet on completion of the cycle. This is advantageous because it can be important to ensure that the item is completely dry at the end of a cycle because removing a wet item allows potential bacteria to grow post sterilisation.

The imaging device housing 300 protects the imaging device inside the autoclave. The vacuum within the vacuum chamber reduces heat transfer to the imaging device thereby insulating the imaging device from the temperature of the autoclave. Further, if the imaging device is supported so that it is not in contact with walls of the vacuum chamber, heat transfer to the imaging device is further reduced. Because the vacuum chamber is sealed, the imaging device is also protected from pressure variations and saturated steam conditions within the autoclave that might otherwise cause damage to the imaging device.

It will be understood that while in certain embodiments the vacuum chamber is described as being cylindrical in shape, other (i.e. non-cylindrical) shapes could be used.

In certain embodiments, the tube and the end fitting comprise a tri-clover arrangement.

Such an arrangement is also known as hygienic tubing.

Figure 4 provides a schematic diagram of an interface between a tube 401 and an end fitting 402 of an imaging device housing 400 in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention. The interface provides an arrangement for releasably securing a tube 401 and an end fitting 402 to provide a pressure resilient seal for a vacuum chamber, as described herein. For clarity, only part of the housing 400 is shown.

The tube 401 includes an annular flange 403 at an open end of the tube. The flange 403 includes a substantially planar face including an annular groove that is arranged to receive a corresponding annular gasket 404. When sealed the presence of the gasket 404 improves the pressure resilience of the seal.

The end fitting 402 includes a surface comprising an outer region arranged to contact the flange 403 and an inner stepped region arranged contact the internal walls of the tube 401. The stepped region is typically shaped so that a surface of the stepped region makes a friction fit with the internal walls of the tube 401.

To secure the tube 401 and the end fitting 402, the gasket 404 is placed into the groove of the flange 403. The end fitting 402 is moved towards the tube 403 until the outer region contacts the flange 403 and the inner region contacts the internal walls of the tube 401 to provide a pressure resilient seal.

It will be understood that applying a vacuum to the tube 401 as described herein further improves the seal between the end fitting 402 and the tube 401. In certain embodiments, rather than using a friction fit between the end fitting 402 and the tube 401, a vacuum can be used to provide the seal between the end fitting 402 and the tube 401.

Certain embodiments of the invention have been described in the context of protecting imaging devices within autoclaves. It will be understood, however, that the devices described herein can also be used to protect imaging devices within other extreme temperature (and/or pressure) environments such as industrial freezers or lyophilisation devices. The term extreme temperature environment refers to an environment where the temperature is significantly above or below atmospheric temperature (i.e. room temperature of approximately 20°C). For example, the temperature within an autoclave chamber during an autoclave cycle can vary between 20°C and over 140°C. The temperature within a lyophilisation device during a lyophilisation process can be -80°C. The term extreme pressure environment refers to an environment in which the pressure is significantly above or below atmospheric pressure (i.e. above or below approximately 1 Bar absolute pressure).

In certain applications, it can be beneficial to provide further protection for the imaging device located within the imaging device housing. In accordance with certain embodiments, an outer housing is provided. The outer housing is arranged to protect a housing such as the imaging device housings described herein in an extreme temperature and/or pressure environment such as within an autoclave chamber during an autoclave cycle.

Figure 5a provides a schematic diagram showing an exploded view of a system for protecting an imaging device within an autoclave chamber during an autoclave cycle in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention. The system includes an outer housing 500 and an imaging device housing 200 enclosed within the outer housing 500.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 5a, the imaging device housing 200 enclosed by the outer housing 500 substantially corresponds with the imaging device housing that was described with reference to Figure 2. However, it will be appreciated that other arrangements of imaging device housing can be used including the embodiments described herein.

The outer housing 500 includes a cylindrical tube 501. The tube 501 has an opening at one end providing access to a region inside the tube 501. The region inside the tube 501 is shaped so that the imaging device housing 200 can be located within and enclosed by the tube 501.

The outer housing 500 also includes an end fitting 502. The tube 501 and the end fitting 502 are releasably securable with each other. It will be understood that various suitable ways of releasably securing the tube 501 and end fitting 502 could be used. One suitable technique is described with reference to Figure 7.

When secured together, the tube 501 and the end fitting 502 provide a pressure resilient seal. The region sealable by the tube 501 and the end fitting 502 defines an inner housing receiving (further) chamber. The tube 501 and end fitting 502 together provide a re-sealable opening through which the imaging device housing 200 can be inserted into and removed from the further chamber.

The further chamber is arranged such that it is sealable via the tube and end fitting arrangement discussed above so that a substantially constant pressure is present (i.e. is maintained) within the further chamber when the further chamber encloses the imaging device housing 200. For example, if the tube 501 and end fitting 502 are secured together in an environment where the pressure is 0.9 Bar absolute, the pressure within the further chamber will remain at or close to 0.9 Bar absolute even when the further chamber experiences changes in pressure during an autoclave cycle.

In certain embodiments, the further chamber is configured to be sealed at atmospheric pressure and to maintain this pressure during an autoclave cycle while the pressure in the autoclave varies between significantly above and/or significantly below this pressure. It will be understood that at sea level atmospheric pressure is approximately 1 Bar absolute.

The tube 501 and the end fitting 502 typically comprise a metal material such as stainless steel. In certain embodiments, the metal material is type 316L stainless steel.

In certain embodiments, the tube 501 has a diameter of approximately 4 inches (10.16cm). In certain embodiments, the tube 501 has a wall thickness of approximately 1 7mm The end fitting 502 includes an imaging window 503. The imaging window 503 is composed of a transparent material. Typically, the imaging window 103 is composed of a glass such as borosilicate glass, although it will be understood that other suitable materials can be used.

The imaging window 503 of the end fitting 502 is arranged so that in use it is adjacent to the imaging window 203 of the imaging device housing 200. In this way, an imaging device located within the imaging device housing 200 can record images of the local environment of the system (typically the inside of an autoclave) through the imaging windows 503 203.

An insulating material 504 is located within the further chamber. In certain embodiments, the insulating material 504 is ceramic wool. However, it will be understood that other suitable insulating materials can be used.

The arrangement of the insulating material 504 supports the imaging device housing within the further chamber by holding the imaging device housing 200 in a fixed position within the further chamber away from the internal walls of the further chamber. The position is such that the imaging window 503 of the end fitting 502 is adjacent to the imaging window 203 of the imaging device housing 200.

The insulating material 504 includes a central region that is shaped to enclose the imaging device housing 200. In certain embodiments, the insulating material 504 is a sheet of material that is wrapped around the imaging device housing 200 before the imaging device housing 200 is inserted into the further chamber. However, it will be understood that other suitable arrangements could be used.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 5a, the insulating material 504 substantially fills the further chamber so that the imaging device housing 200 is spaced apart from the internal walls of the further chamber. This can help to reduce heat transfer from the walls of the further chamber to the imaging device housing 200.

In certain embodiments, the insulating material 504 is a resin coated non-woven polyester fiber mat, for example, Dacron Mylar Dacron laminated insulation material.

Figure 5b provides a schematic diagram of the system of Figure 5a in an assembled configuration in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention.

The end fitting 502 is secured to the tube 501 to provide the (sealed) further chamber.

As described, the further chamber is typically sealed at and thereafter maintains the ambient atmospheric pressure in the location where the device is assembled prior to placing the device in an autoclave.

The imaging device housing 200 is supported in the further chamber by the insulating material 504 so that it is not in contact with (i.e. so that it is spaced apart from) the internal walls of the further chamber. The imaging window 203 of the imaging device housing 200 is adjacent to the imaging window 503 of the outer housing 500.

As described in more detail herein, the insulating material 504 and gas (typically air) that are present in the chamber provide a region of thermal insulation around the imaging device housing 200. Furthermore, the imaging device housing 200 experiences a substantially constant pressure when it is sealed within the further chamber despite pressure variations that occur in an autoclave cycle thereby maintaining the integrity of the vacuum chamber.

It will be understood that while in certain embodiments the outer housing is described as being cylindrical in shape, other shapes could be used, for example cuboidal or spherical shapes. In certain embodiments, the tube 501 and the end fitting 502 comprise a tri-clover arrangement. Such an arrangement is also known as hygienic tubing.

It will also be understood that in certain embodiments instead of or in addition to supporting the imaging device housing within the further chamber via the insulating material, the imaging device housing could be supported within the further chamber by providing, within the further chamber, an imaging device housing support structure that substantially corresponds with the imaging device support structures disclosed herein (except in that it is arranged to hold an imaging device housing rather than an imaging device).

In these embodiments, the imaging device housing support structure is arranged to securely hold the imaging device housing within the further chamber so that the imaging device housing is not in contact with (i.e. is spaced apart from) the internal walls of the further chamber.

Figure 6 provides a schematic diagram showing a cross-section of the system of Figure 5a and 5b in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention. For clarity, reference signs have been omitted from the imaging device housing 200.

However, as described, the imaging device housing 200 substantially corresponds with the housing described with reference to Figure 2.

Figure 7 provides a schematic diagram of an interface between a tube 701 and an end fitting 702 of an outer housing 700 in accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention. The interface substantially corresponds with the interface described with reference to Figure 4 except in that it includes an additional clamp 705. In Figure 7, the interface is shown in a sealed configuration with the tube 701 and end fitting 702 secured together. As will be understood, the interface operates in substantially the same way as a tri-clover arrangement.

The interface provides an arrangement for releasably securing a tube 701 and an end fitting 702 to provide a pressure resilient seal for a chamber as described herein. For clarity, only part of the housing 700 is shown.

The tube 701 includes an annular flange 703 at an open end of the tube 701. The flange 703 includes a substantially planar face including an annular groove that is arranged to receive a corresponding annular gasket 704. When sealed, the presence of the gasket 704 improves the pressure resilience of the seal.

The end fitting 702 includes a surface comprising an outer region arranged to contact the flange 703 and an inner stepped region arranged contact the internal walls of the tube 701. The stepped region is typically shaped so that a surface of the stepped region makes a friction fit with the internal walls of the tube 701.

An annular clamp 705 is also provided to further secure the tube 701 and end fitting 702. The clamp 705 extends around the interface adjacent to the tube 701 and end fitting 702 and provides a mechanical force to hold the tube 701 and end fitting 702 together. Typically, the clamp 705 includes two curved portions secured together by a suitable securing technique (for example using a nut and bolt arrangement).

To secure the tube 701 and the end fitting 702, the gasket 704 is placed into the groove of the flange 703. The end fitting 702 is moved towards the tube 701 until the outer region contacts the flange 703 and the inner region contacts the internal walls of the tube 701 to provide a pressure resilient seal. The clamp 705 is then located around the interface and secured in place to prevent movement of the tube 701 and end fitting 702.

Figure 8 provides a schematic diagram of a system 800 in use within an autoclave in 20 accordance with certain embodiments of the present invention. The system 800 is typically of a type described herein and includes an outer housing, an imaging device housing and an imaging device.

The use of the system 800 in a method of protecting an imaging device as the imaging device collects imaging data will now be described. In certain embodiments, the method is a method of protecting an imaging device as the imaging device collects imaging data within an autoclave during an autoclave cycle.

Before being placed in the outer housing, the imaging device housing is prepared for use by putting it into a ready to use configuration. The process of preparing the imaging device housing for use is described in more detail in particular with reference to Figure 3. An imaging device is inserted into a vacuum chamber of the imaging device housing so that an imaging region of the imaging device it is adjacent to an imaging window of the imaging device housing. The vacuum chamber is sealed. A vacuum is applied to the vacuum chamber. In certain embodiments the vacuum is approximately 100mBar absolute pressure.

The imaging device housing is then inserted into the chamber of the outer housing so that the imaging window of the imaging device housing is adjacent to an imaging window of the outer housing. An insulating material such as a ceramic wool is typically also inserted into the chamber of the outer housing. The insulating material is arranged to support the imaging device housing so that the imaging device housing is spaced apart from internal walls of the chamber. Alternatively or additionally, an imaging device housing support structure is provided within the chamber of the outer housing for holding the imaging device housing.

The chamber of the outer housing is sealed at and thereafter maintains the ambient atmospheric pressure in the location where the device is assembled. In embodiments where the outer housing comprises a tube and an end fitting, sealing the chamber involves securing the tube and end fitting to provide a pressure resilient seal. When the chamber is sealed, a substantially constant pressure is maintained within the chamber.

An item 802 for sterilisation, such as a piece of medical packaging, is located within the autoclave 801.

The system 800 is positioned so that the imaging windows of the imaging device housing and outer housing are directed towards the item 802. The imaging device begins to image (i.e. collect imaging data relating to) the item 802 through the imaging windows.

The autoclave cycle takes place. As described herein, in one example an autoclave cycle involves removing a substantial amount of the air that is present within the autoclave. Next, saturated steam at a temperature significantly above atmospheric temperature is injected into the autoclave at significantly above atmospheric pressure. As the cycle continues, the temperature, pressure and saturated steam conditions are varied according to a predetermined program. The conditions within the autoclave kill living organisms that are present on items within.

Throughout the cycle, the vacuum is maintained within the vacuum chamber of the imaging device housing and the substantially constant atmospheric pressure is maintained within the further chamber of the outer housing.

The system protects the imaging device inside the autoclave. In addition to the protection provided by the imaging device housing discussed herein, enclosing the imaging device housing in a further housing has various advantages. Additional thermal protection is provided by a region of air and any thermal insulating material sealed in the chamber surrounding the imaging device housing. Additionally, the imaging device housing is isolated from pressure fluctuations in the autoclave. This can be useful, for example, to help maintain the integrity of the seal of the imaging device housing even if the pressure in the autoclave drops below the pressure in the imaging device housing.

All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and/or all of the steps of any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or steps are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features. The invention is not restricted to the details of the foregoing embodiment(s).

The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), or to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of any method or process so disclosed.

With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.

It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited to," etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to embodiments containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and/or "an" should be interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations).

It will be appreciated that various embodiments of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various embodiments disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A system for protecting an imaging device within an extreme temperature environment, the system comprising: an imaging device housing comprising a vacuum chamber, the vacuum chamber arranged to enclose an imaging device and comprising a first imaging window; and an outer housing comprising a further chamber arranged to enclose the imaging device housing and comprising a second imaging window, wherein the first and second imaging window are arranged such that when the further chamber encloses the imaging device housing, an imaging device located in the vacuum chamber of the imaging device housing can image an environment outside of the imaging device housing and the outer housing through the first and second imaging window, wherein the further chamber is sealable so that a substantially constant pressure can be maintained within the further chamber when the further chamber encloses the imaging device housing.
2. A system according to claim 1, further comprising an insulating material located within the further chamber.
3. A system according to claim 2, wherein the insulating material is arranged within the further chamber to support the imaging device housing such that the imaging device housing is spaced apart from internal walls of the further chamber.
4. A system according to claims 2 or 3, wherein the insulating material comprises ceramic wool.
5. A system according to any preceding claim, wherein the outer housing comprises a re-sealable opening through which the imaging device housing can be inserted into and removed from the further chamber.
6. A system according to any preceding claim, wherein the imaging device housing comprises a non-return valve connected to the vacuum chamber through which a vacuum can be applied to the vacuum chamber.
7. A system according to any preceding claim, wherein the imaging device housing comprises an imaging device support structure configured to hold the imaging device such that the imaging device is spaced apart from internal walls of 5 the vacuum chamber.
8. A system according to any preceding claim, wherein the vacuum chamber is configured to withstand a vacuum of 100mBar absolute pressure.to
9. A system according to any preceding claim, wherein the further chamber is sealable to maintain atmospheric pressure during an autoclave cycle.
10. A system according to any preceding claim, further comprising an imaging device located in the vacuum chamber.
11. A system according to any preceding claim, further comprising a light source located in the vacuum chamber.
12. An outer housing for use within an extreme temperature environment, the outer housing comprising: a chamber arranged to enclose a further housing, the chamber comprising an imaging window through which an imaging device located in the chamber can image an environment outside of the outer housing, wherein the chamber is sealable so that a substantially constant pressure can 25 be maintained within the chamber when the chamber encloses the further housing.
13. An outer housing according to claim 12, further comprising an insulating material located within the chamber.
14. An outer housing according to claim 13, wherein the insulating material is arranged within the chamber to support the further housing such that the further housing is spaced apart from internal walls of the chamber.
15. An outer housing according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the insulating material comprises ceramic wool.
16. An outer housing according to any of claims 12 to 15, the outer housing comprises a re-sealable opening through which the further housing can be inserted into and removed from the chamber.
17. An outer housing according to any of claims 12 to 16, wherein the chamber is configured such that it is sealable to maintain atmospheric pressure within the chamber during an autoclave cycle.
18. An outer housing according to any of claims 12 to 17, wherein the further housing is an imaging device housing.
19. A method of protecting an imaging device as the imaging device collects imaging data, the method comprising: inserting an imaging device into a vacuum chamber of an imaging device housing; sealing the vacuum chamber; applying a vacuum to the vacuum chamber; inserting the imaging device housing into a chamber of an outer housing; sealing the chamber of the outer housing; collecting imaging data through a first imaging window of the vacuum chamber and a second imaging window of the further chamber using the imaging 25 device.
20. A method according to claim 19, further comprising inserting an insulating material into the chamber of the outer housing to support the imaging device housing such that the imaging device housing is spaced apart from internal walls of the 30 chamber.
21. A method according to claim 19 or 20, wherein applying a vacuum to the vacuum chamber comprises applying a vacuum of approximately 100mBar absolute pressure.
22. A method according to any of claims 19 to 21, wherein sealing the chamber of the outer housing comprises sealing the chamber at approximately atmospheric pressure.