GB2576741A - Inductive chargeable energy storage device - Google Patents
Inductive chargeable energy storage device Download PDFInfo
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- GB2576741A GB2576741A GB1814061.6A GB201814061A GB2576741A GB 2576741 A GB2576741 A GB 2576741A GB 201814061 A GB201814061 A GB 201814061A GB 2576741 A GB2576741 A GB 2576741A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/20—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves
- H02J50/27—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using microwaves or radio frequency waves characterised by the type of receiving antennas, e.g. rectennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/46—Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/248—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set provided with an AC/DC converting device, e.g. rectennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
An inductive chargeable energy storage device 10 includes an electrically insulating casing, an energy storage unit 20 and a diode 29. The energy storage unit formed on an electrically insulating core, disposed in the casing and including a positive electrode winding or coil 21, a negative electrode winding or coil 22, and an interposing separator between the electrode windings, the positive winding, the diode and the negative winding are connected in series forming an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit. When the circuit is coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform 42, the foil conductors of the positive and negative electrode windings function as two independent secondary windings, receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly from the primary winding 43 and convert the electric energy back to DC, so that the received electric energy is stored in the electrode windings as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof. The device is rechargeable.
Description
Inductive Electric energy storage device
TECHNICAL FIELD [001] This invention relates to an electric energy storage device. More particularly, this invention relates to an electric energy storage device which is self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable.
BACKGROUND ART [002] Inductive charging is a wireless power transfer technique which transfers electric energy from a primary winding (or transmitter coil) of an inductive charger to a secondary winding (or receiver coil) in a mobile electronic device; the secondary winding (or receiver coil) is connected via a rectified circuit to a rechargeable energy storage pack of secondary batteries or/and supercapacitors, so that the pack is charged.
[003] Inductive charging is convenient and safe. With the requirement and introduction of a secondary circuit in an electronic device, the device becomes bulky; new design of the device is required in order to arrange more power components and extra cost is added.
[004] So far, no truly self-inductive chargeable battery or supercapacitor is known.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [005] A principal object of the present invention is to propose an energy storage device which is self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable.
[006] A further object of the present invention is to propose a circuit connection method for making an inductive chargeable energy storage device.
[007] In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inductive chargeable energy storage device comprising:
(1) a casing of electrically insulating material;
(2) an energy storage unit formed on an electrically insulating core, disposed in the casing and comprising a positive electrode winding, a negative electrode winding and an interposing separator between the electrode windings each comprising a plurality of turns and having a foil conductor; and (3) a diode;
wherein the positive electrode winding, the diode and the negative electrode winding are connected in series forming an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform, the foil conductors of the electrode windings receive electric energy from the primary winding and convert the electric energy back to two separate voltages therein, further to a direct current flowing through the circuit, so that the received electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.
[008] The inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is preferably formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode winding to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode winding, although the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit may also be formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode winding to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode winding.
[009] The inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is an inductive energy receiver circuit and an electric energy storage circuit when coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform.
[010] When coupled to a primary winding of an inductive charging platform, each of the electrode windings has two functionalities: one is, as a winding, to receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly by the foil conductor thereof; the other is, as an electrode, to store the electric energy therein.
[011] The inductive chargeable energy storage device is a self-inductive or selfwireless chargeable device and a rechargeable device.
[012] The energy storage unit is preferably a supercapacitor (an electrochemical double-layer capacitor), but alternatively a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery or a capacitor.
[013] The conductor of each of the electrode windings, depending on the polarity thereof, is formed of (preferably) copper or aluminium, but alternatively nickel, silver, copper alloy or other highly conductive metals.
[014] The conductor of each of the electrode windings may have a protection layer formed of carbon material (preferably), such as graphite, graphene, carbon nanotube or carbon nanoparticles, but alternatively silver, aluminium, nickel, titanium or other inert metals.
[015] The core is rigid formed of insulating material, such as plastic or ceramic, and the core may be an air core or magnetic core.
[016] The electrode windings preferably have a substantial common core area or magnetic axis for passing magnetic flux lines.
[017] Each of the electrode windings is preferably a circular spiral winding, but alternatively a rectangular spiral winding, a square spiral winding, an oval spiral winding, an elliptical spiral winding, a polygonal spiral winding or any other irregular spiral windings.
[018] The diode is preferably permanently connected to the energy storage unit to form the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit, although the diode may also be detachably attached to the energy storage unit from outside of the casing.
[019] The diode is preferably a Zener diode which is selected such that the Zenner voltage is equal to the normal voltage of the energy storage unit, when the charging DC voltage reaches the Zener voltage, current allows to flow through the diode in both directions.
[020] The casing has a side wall, a bottom ring wall and a central tube with an open end at the bottom and a closed end at top, the side wall and the central tube are perpendicular to the bottom wall.
[021] The inductive chargeable energy storage device is preferably a hollow device having a central open bottom.
[022] The casing is rigid and formed of plastic (preferably), but alternatively ceramic, such as aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide or other inorganic materials.
[023] The top and bottom edges of each turn of each of the electrode windings are preferably aligned in straight, perpendicular to the bottom wall of the casing, in order to passing magnetic field between adjacent turns.
[024] In accordance with a second aspect of present invention, there is provided a circuit connection method for making an inductive chargeable energy storage device as defined above, comprising: preferably, connecting the inner end of the positive electrode winding to the cathode of the diode and connecting the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode winding; alternatively, connecting the outer end of the positive electrode winding to the cathode of the diode and connecting the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode winding.
[025] The device further comprises a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead for connecting to an external circuit, such as end leads or middle leads.
[025] In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inductive chargeable energy storage device comprising:
(1) a casing of electrically insulating material;
(2) an energy storage unit formed on an electrically insulating core, disposed in the casing and comprising a plurality of energy storage elements connected in series and being concentric with respect to each other, each of the plurality of energy storage elements comprising a positive electrode winding, a negative electrode winding and an interposing separator between the positive and negative electrode windings each comprising a plurality of turns and having a foil conductor; and (3) a diode;
wherein the innermost energy storage element, the diode and the outermost energy storage element are connected in series forming an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform, the foil conductors of the positive and negative electrode windings of the plurality of energy storage elements receive electric energy from the primary winding and convert the electric energy back to respective voltages therein, further to a direct current flowing through the circuit, so that the received electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.
[028] The plurality of energy storage elements are preferably electrically connected in series such that the outer end of the negative electrode winding of the inner energy storage element of two adjacent energy storage elements to the inner end of the positive electrode winding of the outer energy storage element of the adjacent energy storage elements and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode winding of the innermost energy storage element to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode winding of the outermost energy storage element. Alternatively, the plurality of energy storage elements may also be electrically connected in series such that the outer end of the positive electrode winding of the inner energy storage element of two adjacent energy storage elements to the inner end of the negative electrode winding of the outer energy storage element of the adjacent energy storage elements and the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode winding of the outermost energy storage element to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode winding of the innermost energy storage element.
[029] The positive and negative electrode windings of the plurality of energy storage elements preferably have an air core or magnetic core with a substantial core area for passing magnetic flux lines.
[030] The energy storage element is preferably a supercapacitor, but alternatively a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery or a capacitor.
[031] The energy storage unit may comprise two supercapacitors which are selfinterconnected in series.
[032] When coupled to a primary winding of an inductive charging platform, each of the electrode windings of each of the plurality of energy storage elements has two functionalities: one is, as a winding, to receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly by the foil conductor thereof; the other is, as an electrode, to store the electric energy therein.
[026] In accordance with a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an inductive chargeable energy storage device comprising:
(1) a casing of electrically insulating material;
(2) an energy storage unit formed on an electrically insulating core, disposed in the casing and comprising a positive electrode helical winding, a negative electrode helical winding and a separator between the positive and negative electrode windings each comprising a plurality of turns and having a conductor; and (3) a diode; wherein the positive electrode helical winding, the diode and the negative electrode helical winding are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of the positive and negative electrode windings receive electric energy from the primary winding and convert the electric energy back to respective voltages therein, further to a direct current flowing through the circuit, so that the received electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.
[033] The inductive charging platform is an inductive charger having a helical or planar primary winding.
BRIEF DESCRITION OF THE DRAWINGS [034] A number of preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which [035] FIG. 1 is an exploded view showing the fundamental structure and connections of an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit in accordance with the present invention;
[036] FIG. 2 is a schematic of the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit in FIG.1 together with a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform (a prior art) for charging the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit in accordance with this invention;
[037] FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit in accordance with present invention, showing an energy storage unit having two energy storage elements connected in series, and connected a diode;
[038] FIG. 4 is a schematic of the circuitry in FIG. 3;
[039] FIG. 5 is a schematic of an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit in accordance with present invention, showing an energy storage unit having a plurality of energy storage elements connected in series, and connected a diode;
[040] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a completed inductive chargeable energy storage device in accordance with present invention;
[041] FIG. 7 is the cross-sectional view of the device in FIG. 6, showing an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit disposed in a casing;
[042] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a completed inductive chargeable energy storage device in accordance with present invention, showing a diode connected to two female interfaces on a cap;
[043] FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit in accordance with present invention, showing a positive electrode helical winding and a negative electrode helical winding connected to the diode forming a series circuit;
[044] FIG. 10 shows inductive charging/self-discharging cycles recorded for an inductive chargeable supercapacitor in accordance with present invention; and [045] FIG. 11 shows inductive charging/self-discharging cycles recorded for an inductive chargeable double-energy storage supercapacitor in accordance with present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS OF THE INVENTION [046] FIG. 1 shows the fundamental structure and connections of an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit 10 in accordance with this invention; in FIG. 1, the circuit includes a diode 29 and an energy storage unit 20. The unit 20 includes a positive electrode winding 21, a negative electrode winding 22, two separators 23 between the electrode windings 21 and 22 and a tubular core 24. The unit 20 is formed by winding a positive electrode, a negative electrode with two interposing separators 23 inbetween around the tubular core 24 in turns concentrically and spirally. The core 24 is formed of electrically insulating material, such as plastic or ceramic, and may be an air core or magnetic core. The core may have a significant cross-sectional area, perpendicular to Z-direction, in order to create a substantial common core area or magnetic axis for the positive and negative electrode windings 21 and 22 for passing magnetic flux lines.
[047] The core may have a cross-sectional shape, perpendicular to the Z-axis, of a cycle, a rectangle, a square, ellipse or any other polygons, therefore the positive and negative electrode windings may be a circular spiral, a rectangular spiral, a square spiral, an elliptical spiral or any other polygonal spirals.
[048] Each of the positive and negative electrodes comprises a foil conductor and an electrode material layer coated on both sides of the conductor, or on one side of conductor and the other side of the conductor coated with insulating material.
[049] An inner end 25 of the conductor of the positive electrode winding 21 is exposed without the positive electrode material; an outer end 26 of the conductor of the negative electrode winding 22 is exposed without the negative electrode material. The positive electrode winding 21 has an electrode lead 27 which is attached to the inner end 25 and extends upwardly; the negative electrode winding 22 has an electrode lead 28 which is attached to the outer end 26 and extends upwardly.
[050] The circuit 10 is formed by connecting the positive electrode winding 21, the diode 29 and the negative electrode winding 22 in series. The series may be configured such that the inner end 25 of the conductor of the positive electrode winding 21 is connected via the electrode lead 27 to the cathode of the diode 29 and the anode of the diode 29 is connected via the electrode lead 28 to the outer end 26 of the conductor of the negative electrode winding 22. Alternatively, the series may be configured by connecting an outer end 31 of the conductor of the positive electrode winding 21 via an electrode lead to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode via another electrode lead to an inner end 32 of the conductor of the negative electrode winding 22. The connections may be made directly without via the electrode leads.
[051] The electrode material of each of the positive and negative electrodes may be one selected from those used in conventional rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors or capacitors. Each foil conductor may be formed of high electrically conductive material selected from the group consisting of copper, aluminium, nickel, silver, copper alloys or any other metals, and may still be additionally protected by a layer which is electrically conductive yet to resistant to corrosion in an electrolyte environment. The protection layer may be formed of material selected from the group consisting of carbon nanoparticle, nanotube, graphene, graphite, nickel, silver, titanium, platinum, aluminium or any other metals. The selections of the conductor and its protection layer may be dependent on the electrode polarity and electrolyte used in a unit.
[052] The separator may be formed of gelled electrolyte, semi-solid-state electrolyte, solid-state electrolyte, such as used in Li-S rechargeable battery, and ion conducting membrane soaked with electrolyte or dielectric material.
[053] The energy storage unit may be a supercapacitor, a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery or a capacitor.
[054] FIG. 2 shows a schematic of the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit 10 in FIG. 1 together with a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform 42 (a prior art) for charging the energy storage unit 20; in FIG. 2, the inductive charging platform 42 includes a primary winding 43, a magnetic core or an air core 44 and a power source 45; the primary winding 42 is connected to the power source 45. When an alternating current is passed through the primary winding 43, magnetic field is produced in the core 44; the foil conductors of the positive and negative electrode winding 21 and 22 function as two independent secondary windings, receive electric energy from the primary winding 43 through the magnetic field and convert the electric energy back to two separate voltages therein, further to a DC flowing through the circuit 10 in the direction as indicated by an arrow 46 so that the received electric energy is stored in both the positive and negative electrode windings 21 and 22 as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof. Therefore the circuit is selfinductive or self-wireless chargeable. For the simplification, the equivalent electrochemical circuit of the energy storage unit is omitted.
[055] Each of the positive and negative electrode windings has two functionalities: one is, as a winding, to receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly by the foil conductor thereof; the other is, as an electrode, to store the electric energy therein.
[056] The diode may be a Zener diode which is selected such that the Zener voltage is equal to the nominal voltage of the energy storage unit; when an exerted voltage exceeds the Zener voltage, current allows to flow in both directions in the diode.
[057] The circuit is a wireless chargeable circuit as there is no electrical connection between the circuit and the inductive charging platform.
[058] FIG. 3 shows another embodiment in accordance with this invention; in this embodiment, a circuit 30 includes an energy storage unit 50 and a diode 39. The unit 50 includes an energy storage element 20 and an energy storage element 40 which are separated by insulating material to prevent electrolyte from crossing over and electrically connected in series. The element 40 includes a positive electrode winding 51, a negative electrode winding 52 and another two separators 23, and is formed by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode with the separators 23 inbetween around the element 20 in turns concentrically and spirally.
[059] The energy storage unit 50 provides high voltage output compared to the elements 20 or 40.
[060] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 3, the elements 20 and 40 may be connected in series by electrically connecting the outer end 26 of the conductor of the negative electrode winding 22 of the element 20 to an inner end 53 of the conductor of the positive electrode winding 51 of the element 40. An outer end 54 of the conductor of the negative electrode winding 52 is attached by an electrode lead 55. The positive electrode winding 21 of the element 20, the diode 39 and the negative electrode winding 52 of the element 40 are connected in series such that the inner end of the conductor of the positive electrode winding 21 of the element 20 is connected via the electrode lead 27 to the cathode of the diode 39 and the anode of the diode 39 is connected via the electrode lead 55 to the outer end 54 of the conductor of the negative electrode winding 52 of the element 40. Alternatively, the elements 20 and 40 may be connected in series by connecting the outer end of the conductor of the positive electrode winding 21 of the element 20 to the inner end of the conductor of the negative electrode winding 52 of the element 40, and the circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of conductor of the positive electrode winding 51 of the element 40 via an electrode lead to the cathode of the diode 39 and the anode of the diode 39 via an electrode lead to inner end of the conductor of the negative electrode winding 22 of the element 20.
[061] FIG. 4 shows a schematic of the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit 30 in FIG. 3; in FIG. 4, four electrode windings are spiralled in the same direction. When the circuit is coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform, four voltages are induced in the foil conductors of four electrode windings, respectively, further to a DC which flows through the circuit in the direction as indicated by an arrow 57, so that the unit 50 is charged.
[062] Although the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit 30 with an energy storage unit having two concentrically energy storage elements connected in series has been disclosed; in accordance with this invention, a schematic circuit 60 of an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit including a diode 49 and an energy storage unit 58 having a plurality of energy storage elements, such as 59a, 59b, etc., connected in series, shown in FIG. 5, may be constructed and connected in the same manner as described above. Each of the elements includes a positive electrode winding (left) and a negative electrode winding (right). The energy storage elements may be connected in series by connecting the outer end of the conductor of the negative electrode winding of the inner element of two adjacent elements to the inner end of the conductor of the positive electrode winding of the outer element of the adjacent elements, and the circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the conductor of the positive electrode winding of the innermost element to the cathode of the diode 49 and the anode of the diode 49 to the outer end of the conductor of the negative electrode winding of the outermost element. Alternatively, the energy storage elements may be connected in series such that the outer end of the conductor of the positive electrode winding of the inner element of two adjacent elements to the inner end of the conductor of the negative electrode winding of the outer element of the adjacent elements, and the circuit is formed by connecting the cathode of the diode 49 to the outer end of the conductor of the positive electrode winding of the outermost element and the anode of the diode 49 to the inner end of the conductor of the negative electrode winding of the innermost element.
[063] Each of the circuits 10, 30 and 60 may be disposed and sealed in a casing to form a complete device, which the casing is formed of electrically insulating material for conducting magnetic field in order to facilitate inductive charging.
[064] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a completed inductive chargeable energy storage device in accordance with this invention, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the device shown in FIG. 6. The device has a circuit of an energy storage unit 71, a tubular core 74, and a diode 79 disposed in a cylindrical casing 61; the device has two electrode leads 63 and 64. The casing 61 has a side wall 65, a bottom ring wall and a central tube 67 with an open end 68 at the bottom and a closed end 69 at the top; the side wall and central tube are perpendicular to the bottom ring wall. The tube is provided for receiving a magnetic core of an inductive charging platform from the open end 68 for inductive charging.
[065] Regarding the fabrication procedures, after having inserted the energy storage unit 71 into the casing 61 by fitting the tubular core 74 over the central tube from the closed end 69, a pre-defined electrical insulating ring-board 72 is introduced, the electrode leads 63 and 64 are extended upwardly passing through the board, and then a diode 79 is connected to the leads in series on the board; the leads may be extended further upwardly through an electrically insulating cap 62 for connecting to an external load; the electrode leads may be provided by two middle leads which are attached to the positive and negative electrode windings, respectively, and not allowed to electrically touch the diode. Finally, the casing 61 and the cap 62 are sealed together with an insulating O-ring or sealant. The unit 71 may represent the units 20, 50 or 58; the electrode leads 63 and 64 may represent the respective leads of the circuits 10, 30 or 60, the diode 79 may represent respective diodes 29, 39 or 49 of the circuit 10, 30 or 60 and the core 74 represents the core 24 in the circuit 10, 30 or 60.
[066] The casing 61, the cap 62 and the board 72 are rigid.
[067] Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, the device may be fabricated by moving the diode 79 out of the casing, for example, on the cap 62, and the diode is connected to the positive electrode winding and the negative electrode winding via respective electrode leads in series permanently forming the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit as shown in FIG.8. In FIG. 8, the connections may also be provided by two female interfaces 73 which are connected to the electrode leads 63 and 64 on the cap 62, respectively; the diode 79 may be easily detachable from the female interfaces, when the device is not undergoing a charging process, the diode is allowed to be detached from two female interfaces 73.
[068] Referring back to FIG. 7, the circuit may be disposed in a traditional cylindrical casing having a fully closed bottom and with or without a central tube. This device may be charged inductively or wirelessly by positioning it in the hollowed core of a primary winding of an inductive charging platform.
[069] The casing may be in a prismatic shape which is dependent on the geometry of an energy storage unit.
[070] Referring to FIG. 1, the positive and negative electrode windings are concentric spiral windings, the windings may be helical windings formed by winding on a core sequentially and spirally with a separator therebetween as shown in FIG. 9; in figure 9, an inductive chargeable energy storage device 100 includes an energy storage unit 100 and a diode 119. The energy storage unit 110 includes a positive electrode helical winding 111, a negative electrode helical winding 112 and a separator 113 between the helical windings which are formed by winding a positive electrode and a negative electrode on a core 114 in turns sequentially and spirally with the separator in between. The windings are spiralled in opposite directions. The positive electrode helical winding 111, the diode 119 and the negative electrode helical windings are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit, the circuit may be configured such that the top end 115 of conductor of the positive electrode helical winding 111 is connected to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode is connected to the bottom end 118 of the conductor of the negative electrode helical winding 112, although the circuit may be configured such that the bottom end 116 of conductor of the positive electrode helical winding 111 is connected to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode is connected to the top end 117 of the conductor of the negative electrode helical winding 112. When coupled to a primary winding of an inductive charging platform, the electrode helical windings receive electric energy from the primary winding and store the received electric energy in the windings.
[071] Each electrode comprises a conductor and an electrode material on the conductor.
[072] The conductor may be one selected from the group consisting of a strip, a cylindrical wire, a square wire or any bundle thereof.
[073] Experimental section [074] Materials: 50 pm thick, 1 cm wide one-sided conductive copper tape, pen brush carbon ink, poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA), sodium acetate, PVC tubes of an inner diameter of 1 cm and an outer diameter of 1.2 cm, Zener diodes (2.4V) and plastic cases as shown in FIG. 7. The electrode material of 5 wt% PVA-pen brush carbon ink slurry and gel electrolyte of 8 wt% PVA - 6 wt% sodium acetate aqueous solution were used.
[075] Gelled electrode preparation: a piece of copper tape was coated with the carbon ink slurry on its conductive side using a doctor-blade method and dried in air forming a strip electrode; the foil strip electrode was then coated with the gel electrolyte slurry, when the solvent vaporises, a gelled electrolyte layer is formed on the strip electrode. Gelled electrodes of 30 pm thick electrode material layer and 50 pm gel electrolyte layer were prepared for fabricating single- and double-energy storage supercapacitors. The dense carbon ink layer also provides protection for the copper strip from electrochemical corrosion.
[076] Example 1: an inductive chargeable supercapacitor (or electrochemical double-layer capacitor) [077] An energy storage supercapacitor shown in FIG. 1 was prepared by winding a pair of 60 cm long gelled electrodes around a 1 cm long PVC tube in turns concentrically and spirally, in which the unified gelled electrolyte layer functions as a separator to separate two strip electrodes and as an ion conductor to conduct current in the electrolyte layer between two strip electrode windings. Before winding, a piece of copper tape is glued to the inner end of one strip electrode using silver conductive paint as one electrode lead; after winding, another piece of copper tape is glued to the outer end of the other electrode as the other electrode lead. The electrode leads are connected to the cathode and anode of a Zener diode, respectively, forming an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit.
[078] Example 2: an inductive chargeable double-energy storage supercapacitor [079] A double-energy storage supercapacitor shown in FIG. 3 was prepared using three gelled electrodes which include one 100 cm long and two 50 cm long gelled electrodes. Two 50 cm long gelled electrodes each has one end glued to a piece of the copper tape which served as an inner or outer electrode lead. For the 100 cm long gelled electrode, 1 cm long gelled electrode layer in the middle region is peeled off to turn the single electrode into two self-interconnected gelled electrodes. One of self-interconnected gelled electrodes and one of 50 cm long gelled electrode were wound face-to-face around a 1 cm long PVC tube in turns concentrically and spirally forming a first energy storage element, and then the element is wrapped using insulating film. Next, the other self-interconnected gelled electrode and the other 50 cm long gelled electrode were put face-to-face and wound around the first element in turns concentrically and spirally forming a second energy storage element, and the first and second energy storage elements together form a self-interconnected supercapacitor. An inductive chargeable supercapacitor circuit was formed by connecting the cathode and anode of a Zener diode to the inner end of the conductor of the first 50 cm long gelled electrode winding of the first element and the outer end of the conductor of the second 50 cm long electrode winding of the second element via two respective electrode leads.
[080] Both the single and double-energy storage supercapacitor circuits are sealed in two respective plastic cases forming two hollowed devices.
[081] Inductive charging test [082] The electric toothbrush charger (Oral-B) was used as an inductive charging platform, The RMS USB Multimeters (A UNI-T USB + RS232 Clas Ohison Edition LIT61D) was used to monitor the voltage between two electrode windings when the inductive charger is turned on and off manually, and the voltage variation was recorded by a laptop automatically through a USB connection.
[083] FIG. 10 shows inductive charging/self-discharging cycles recorded for the inductive chargeable single-energy storage supercapacitor (example 1). It can be seen from FIG. 10 that, when the inductive charger is turned on, the voltage increases quickly at the beginning, and then gradually reaches a steady-state value of 0.74V. When the inductive charger is turned off, a self-discharging process occurs, which originates from the reorganisation of charged species in the electrode material layers. The self-discharging is a common phenomenon in the aqueous based supercapacitor. The cycles have good repeatability.
[084] FIG. 11 shows inductive charging/self-discharging cycles recorded for an inductive chargeable double-energy storage supercapacitor. It can be seen that the cycles have good repeatability which demonstrates the device is stable during successive inductive charging and self-discharging processes.
[085] Surprisingly, both devices are inductive chargeable and stable during inductive charging/self-discharging cycles.
[086] An inductive chargeable pseudo supercapacitor, battery, supercapcitorbattery or capacitor can be fabricated using the same procedures and by selecting desired electrode material, conductors and a separator.
[087] This novel device has a different charging mechanism from that of a traditional rechargeable energy storage device, and could potentially shorten charging time.
Claims (25)
1. An inductive chargeable energy storage device comprising:
(1) a casing of electrically insulating material;
(2) an energy storage unit formed on an electrically insulating core, disposed in the casing and comprising a positive electrode winding, a negative electrode winding and an interposing separator between the electrode windings each comprising a plurality of turns and having a foil conductor; and (3) a diode;
wherein the positive electrode winding, the diode and the negative electrode winding are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform, the foil conductors of said electrode windings receive electric energy from the primary winding and convert the electric energy back to respective voltages therein, further to a direct current flowing through the circuit, so that the received electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.
2. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode winding to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode winding.
3. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode winding to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode winding.
4. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, when coupled to the primary winding of said inductive charging platform, said electrode windings each has two functionalities: one is, as a winding, to receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly by the foil conductor thereof; the other is, as an electrode, to store the electric energy therein.
5. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is a self-inductive energy receiver circuit and an electric energy storage circuit.
6. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the device is a self-inductive or self-wireless chargeable device.
7. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the device is a rechargeable device.
8. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said energy storage unit is one selected from the group consisting of an electrochemical double-layer capacitor (a supercapacitor), a pseudo supercapacitor, a secondary battery, a supercapacitor-battery and a capacitor.
9. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the core is rigid and formed of plastic or ceramic.
10. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein said electrode windings have an air core or magnetic core for passing magnetic flux lines.
11. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the casing has a side wall, a bottom ring wall and a central tube having an open end at the bottom and a closed end at the top, the side wall and the central tube are perpendicular to the bottom ring wall.
12. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claims 1 and 11, wherein the inductive chargeable energy storage device is a hollow device having a central open bottom.
13. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the top and bottom edges of each turn of each of said electrode windings are aligned in straight, perpendicular to the bottom wall of the casing, in order to passing magnetic field between adjacent turns.
14. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein the diode is permanently connected to the energy storage unit or detachably attached to the energy storage unit from outside of the casing.
15. A circuit connection method of making an inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, comprising: connecting the inner end of said positive electrode winding to the cathode of the diode and connecting the anode of the diode to the outer end of said negative electrode winding.
16. A circuit connection method of making an inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 1, comprising: connecting the outer end of said positive electrode winding to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of said negative electrode winding.
17. An inductive chargeable energy storage device comprising:
(1) a casing of electrically insulating material;
(2) an energy storage unit formed on an electrically insulating core, disposed in the casing and comprising a plurality of energy storage elements connected in series and being concentric with respect to each other, each of the plurality of energy storage elements comprising a positive electrode winding, a negative electrode winding and an interposing separator between the positive and negative electrode windings each comprising a plurality of turns and having a foil conductor; and (3) a diode;
wherein the innermost energy storage element, the diode and the outermost energy storage element are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform, the foil conductors of the positive and negative electrode windings of the plurality of energy storage elements receive electric energy from the primary winding and convert the electric energy back to respective voltages therein, further to a direct current flowing through the circuit, so that the received electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.
18. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of energy storage elements are electrically connected in series such that the outer end of the negative electrode winding of the inner energy storage element of two adjacent energy storage elements to the inner end of the positive electrode winding of the outer energy storage element of the adjacent energy storage elements.
19. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claims 17 and 18, wherein the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the inner end of the positive electrode winding of the innermost energy storage element to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the outer end of the negative electrode winding of the outermost energy storage element.
20. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 17, wherein the plurality of energy storage elements are electrically connected in series such that the outer end of the positive electrode winding of the inner energy storage element of two adjacent energy storage elements to the inner end of the negative electrode winding of the outer energy storage element of the adjacent energy storage elements.
21. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claims 17 and 20, wherein the inductive chargeable energy storage circuit is formed by connecting the outer end of the positive electrode winding of the outermost energy storage element to the cathode of the diode and the anode of the diode to the inner end of the negative electrode winding of the innermost energy storage element.
22. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 17, wherein the positive and negative electrode windings of the plurality of energy storage elements have a common core area or magnetic axis for passing magnetic flux lines.
23. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 17, wherein each of the positive and negative electrode windings of the plurality of energy storage elements has two functionalities: one is, as a winding, to receive electric energy inductively or wirelessly by the foil conductor thereof; the other is, as an electrode, to store the electric energy therein
24. An inductive chargeable energy storage device according to claim 17, wherein the energy storage unit comprises two supercapacitors which are self-interconnected in series.
25. An inductive chargeable energy storage device comprising:
(1) a casing of electrically insulating material;
(2) an energy storage unit formed on an electrically insulating core, disposed in the casing and comprising a positive electrode helical winding, a negative electrode helical winding and a separator between the positive and negative electrode windings each comprising a plurality of turns and having a conductor; and (3) a diode;
wherein the positive electrode helical winding, the diode and the negative electrode helical winding are connected in series to form an inductive chargeable energy storage circuit and wherein, when the circuit is coupled to a primary circuit of an inductive charging platform, the conductors of the positive and negative electrode windings receive electric energy from the primary winding and convert the electric energy back to respective voltages therein, further to a direct current flowing through the circuit, so that the received electric energy is stored in the energy storage unit as charges, chemical energy or any combination thereof.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1814061.6A GB2576741A (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
| GB1900304.5A GB2576799A (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-09 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
| GBGB1909544.7A GB201909544D0 (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-07-02 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
| PCT/EP2019/072712 WO2020043664A1 (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-08-26 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
| GB2007679.0A GB2583592B (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-08-26 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1814061.6A GB2576741A (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201814061D0 GB201814061D0 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
| GB2576741A true GB2576741A (en) | 2020-03-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1814061.6A Withdrawn GB2576741A (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
| GB1900304.5A Withdrawn GB2576799A (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-09 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
| GBGB1909544.7A Ceased GB201909544D0 (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-07-02 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
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| GB1900304.5A Withdrawn GB2576799A (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-09 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
| GBGB1909544.7A Ceased GB201909544D0 (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2019-07-02 | Inductive chargeable energy storage device |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140234672A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-08-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge |
| EP2797139A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-29 | GS Yuasa International Ltd. | Energy storage device with spiral electrode group |
| EP2942856A1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-11-11 | Analog Devices Global | Magnetic field energy harvesting device |
| DE202017102702U1 (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-16 | Lumimodule Optical Corporation | secondary battery |
| US20170301959A1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-10-19 | Sony Corporation | Battery, battery pack, electronic device, electric vehicle, electricity storage device, and power system |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2609479B1 (en) * | 1987-01-13 | 1990-12-14 | Rhovyl | FLAME RESISTANT CHLOROFIBRES AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING THE SAME |
-
2018
- 2018-08-29 GB GB1814061.6A patent/GB2576741A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2019
- 2019-01-09 GB GB1900304.5A patent/GB2576799A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-07-02 GB GBGB1909544.7A patent/GB201909544D0/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20140234672A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-08-21 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge |
| EP2797139A1 (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-29 | GS Yuasa International Ltd. | Energy storage device with spiral electrode group |
| EP2942856A1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2015-11-11 | Analog Devices Global | Magnetic field energy harvesting device |
| US20170301959A1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2017-10-19 | Sony Corporation | Battery, battery pack, electronic device, electric vehicle, electricity storage device, and power system |
| DE202017102702U1 (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-05-16 | Lumimodule Optical Corporation | secondary battery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2576799A (en) | 2020-03-04 |
| GB201909544D0 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
| GB201814061D0 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
| GB201900304D0 (en) | 2019-02-27 |
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