GB2574299A - Sea water cooling system - Google Patents
Sea water cooling system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2574299A GB2574299A GB1904270.4A GB201904270A GB2574299A GB 2574299 A GB2574299 A GB 2574299A GB 201904270 A GB201904270 A GB 201904270A GB 2574299 A GB2574299 A GB 2574299A
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- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- water
- sea
- fresh water
- sea water
- fresh
- Prior art date
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 270
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 238
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 158
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000242583 Scyphozoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007562 laser obscuration time method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
- G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/02—Devices or arrangements for monitoring coolant or moderator
- G21C17/035—Moderator- or coolant-level detecting devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
A seawater cooling system includes: a heat exchanger 101 that removes heat from a cooling fluid using sea water; a supply line 202 that supplies the sea water; a discharge line 204 that discharges the heated sea water back to the sea; and a freshwater circulation cooling system, comprising a cooling tower 103 and a fresh water pump 104, connected in parallel to the heat exchanger. When a sea water intake failure occurs, e.g. due to a blockage in the intake or the failure of a sea water pump 102, or alternatively when a periodic inspection of the sea water pump is required, a sea water intake valve 301 is closed and fresh water from the cooling tower is pumped into the heat exchanger via an ejection valve 303 and supply line 202. After a predetermined amount of fresh water has been supplied to the heat exchanger, a sea water discharge vale 302 is closed and fresh water is circulated within the fresh water cooling circuit via fresh water suction line 206 and suction valve 304.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
SEA WATER COOLING SYSTEM
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention [0001]
The present invention relates to a sea water cooling system such as a building service water system used in a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant.
2. Description of the Related Art [0002]
In a thermal power plant or a nuclear power plant, sea water is used to remove heat of cooling water of a reactor building cooling water system or a turbine building cooling water system to be a heat removal system for condensing steam exhausted from a steam turbine by the sea water, returning condensate to a reactor pressure vessel, a steam generator, and a boiler, and safely operating a thermal apparatus or a rotary apparatus in the power plant. For this reason, a sea water intake facility is provided in the coast and the sea water is pumped from an intake port by a pump, removes the heat of steam or building cooling water, and is drained to the sea. (hereinafter, referred to as a building service water system).
[0003]
A screen is provided in the intake port to remove dust of the sea water to be taken. However, the screen provided in the intake port may be blocked by foreign materials such as a large amount of generated algae and jellyfish and the sea water intake of the building service water system may be restricted.
For a periodic inspection of the pump pumping the sea water, the pump of the building service water system may be stopped.
[0004]
On the other hand, in a building facility such as the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system, there is a system that cannot stop cooling. For example, in the nuclear power plant, a residual heat removal system that cools the decay heat of a reactor cannot be stopped even after cold shutdown. Therefore, the intake of the sea water to remove the heat of the cooling water of the residual heat removal system cannot be stopped in principle.
[0005]
In order to stop the intake of the sea water, for example, JP 2002-257972 A discloses a system for substituting the building service water system by a cooling water circulation system removing the heat of a coolant by a refrigerator, in which the reactor building cooling water system can be operated even during the periodic inspection. [0006]
Specifically, JP 2002-257972 A discloses that an air-cooled refrigerator isolated by an isolation valve, a circulation pump, and a surge tank for securing a circulation pump suction pressure are provided in addition to the conventional building service water system, and when alternative cooling of the building service water system is performed during the periodic inspection, after isolating a building cooling water system heat exchanger from the intake side, sea water draining and cleaning in the heat exchanger are performed, and fresh water is passed by the circulation pump, thereby realizing loop cooling through the air-cooled refrigerator.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0008]
According to technology disclosed in JP 2002-257972 A, the building service water system for removing the heat of the cooling water of the building cooling water system by the sea water can be replaced by closed-loop fresh water cooling for removing the heat by the refrigerator.
However, at the time of switching, the building cooling water system heat exchanger is temporarily isolated from the sea water side and water draining and cleaning in the heat exchanger/pipe need to be performed as a procedure. For this reason, a time for which a heat exchange is impossible is generated and a continuous operation cannot be performed.
[0009]
In order to reduce the switching time, it is considered that water draining and cleaning are previously performed in a standby device of the heat exchanger having a redundant configuration. In this case, however, in order to maintain a heat exchange capacity (heat removal amount) after switching, it is necessary to cause the number of production devices and standby devices of the heat exchanger having the redundant configuration to be the same, which results in increasing a size of the facility. [0010]
An object of the present invention is to provide a sea water cooling system such as a building service water system capable of operating continuously without interrupting an operation of a building cooling water system, even in a state in which sea water cannot be taken. [0011]
An aspect of the present invention provides a sea water cooling system including: a heat exchanger that removes heat of a cooling fluid by sea water; a water supply line that supplies the sea water taken from the sea to the heat exchanger; a water discharge line that discharges the sea water having absorbed the heat from the cooling fluid by the heat exchanger to the sea; and a fresh water circulation cooling device that is connected to the water supply line and the water discharge line so as to be connected in parallel to the heat exchanger, circulates and supplies fresh water to the heat exchanger, and cools the fresh water having absorbed the heat by the heat exchanger, wherein, when an intake failure of the sea water occurs, water to be supplied to the heat exchanger is changed from the sea water to the fresh water of the fresh water circulation cooling device to supply a predetermined amount of fresh water from the fresh water circulation cooling device to the heat exchanger, and after the sea water corresponding to the amount of supplied fresh water is discharged from the water discharge line, the fresh water circulation cooling device circulates the fresh water to the heat exchanger for cooling.
[0012]
According to a sea water cooling system such as a building service water system according to the present invention, even in a state in which sea water cannot be taken, it is not necessary to interrupt an operation of a building cooling water system. Therefore, availability of a nuclear power plant or a thermal power plant can be improved.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0013]
Fig. 1 is a system diagram showing a configuration of a sea water cooling system according to an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a state transition of a sea water cooling system according to an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing another fresh water replacement determination unit according to an embodiment; and
Fig. 4 is a system diagram showing another configuration of a sea water cooling system according to an embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0014]
Hereinafter, embodiments of a sea water cooling system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
First embodiment
Fig. 1 is a system diagram showing a configuration of a reactor building service water system for removing heat of cooling water of a reactor building cooling water system in a nuclear power plant by sea water or a turbine building service water system for removing heat of cooling water of a turbine building cooling water system by the sea water, as a sea water cooling system. In addition, the same configuration can be adopted in a turbine building service water system of a thermal power plant.
[0015]
Heat exchangers 101a, 101b, and 101c (hereinafter, collectively referred to as a heat exchanger 101) are heat exchangers that remove heat of cooling water of a building cooling system by sea water supplied from a water supply line 202. The sea water that has absorbed the heat from the cooling water of the building cooling system by the heat exchangers 101a, 101b, and 101c is drained to the sea by a water discharge line 204 through a heat exchanger outlet line 203.
The water supply line 202 is connected to sea water pumps 102a and 102b (hereinafter, collectively referred to as a sea water pump 102) via a sea water intake valve 301. The sea water pump 102 supplies the sea water pumped from water intake lines 201a and 201b to the water supply line 202 .
[0016]
The sea water intake valve 301 is an on-off valve that is provided in the water supply line 202 and controls sea water supply to the heat exchanger 101.
A sea water discharge valve 302 is an on-off valve that is provided in the water discharge line 204 for discharging the sea water to the sea and controls sea water discharge of the heat exchanger 101.
[0017]
The sea water intake valve 301 and the sea water discharge valve 302 are opened at the time of a normal operation in which the heat of the cooling water of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system is removed by the sea water in the sea water cooling system.
As a result, the sea water pumped by the sea water pump 102 is supplied from the water supply line 202 to the heat exchanger 101, absorbs the heat from the cooling water of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system by the heat exchanger 101, and is discharged to the sea through the discharge line 204 .
[0018]
In the system diagram of Fig. 1, the heat exchanger
101 has a redundant configuration in which one heat exchanger is used as a standby device. However, the heat exchanger 101 is not limited to this configuration.
Further, the sea water cooling system according to the embodiment can be applied to a building service water system including the heat exchanger 101 that does not have the redundant configuration.
The sea water pump 102 also has the redundant configuration. However, the sea water pump 102 is not limited to this configuration.
[0019]
Next, an alternative operation of the sea water cooling system in the case where a screen provided in an intake port is blocked due to a foreign material to restrict the intake of the sea water or the sea water cannot be pumped due to a failure of the sea water pump 102 will be described.
The alternative operation may be performed at the time of a periodic inspection of the sea water pump 102 of the sea water cooling system.
[0020]
The alternative operation of the sea water cooling system is performed by a cooling tower 103 and a fresh water pump 104 in the system diagram of Fig. 1. These configuration and operation will be described in detail below.
In the present specification, the cooling tower 103, the fresh water pump 104, and a connection pipe are collectively referred to as a fresh water circulation cooling device.
[0021]
The cooling tower 103 is a cooling device that drops cooling water from an upper portion, causes outside air to flow in from a side portion, and draws latent heat of evaporation of the cooling water by the outside air, thereby removing the heat of the cooling water.
The cooling tower 103 has a structure disclosed in JP 2016-40031 A (refer to paragraphs 0038-0043 and Fig. 1), for example.
[0022]
The cooling tower 103 stores fresh water as a predetermined amount of cooling water in a lower water storage tank (corresponding to a storage unit 113 of JP 2016-40031 A).
Although described in detail later, at least fresh water of a capacity corresponding to a flow path capacity of a flow path of the sea water from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 is stored in the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103.
[0023]
The fresh water pump 104 is a pump that is connected to the cooling tower 103 and supplies the fresh water stored in the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 to the heat exchanger 101 through the water supply line 202 .
A water level gauge 401 detects the water storage capacity of the fresh water stored in the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103. Although described in detail later, according to a detection result of the water level gauge 401, the capacity of the fresh water to be supplied by the fresh water circulation cooling device is grasped and system control of the sea water cooling system according to the embodiment is performed.
[0024]
The fresh water circulation cooling device including the cooling tower 103 and the fresh water pump 104 is connected to the water supply line 202 via a fresh water ejection valve 303 provided in a fresh water ejection line 205 of the ejection side (ejection side of the fresh water pump 104) and is connected to the water discharge line 204 via a fresh water suction valve 304 provided in a fresh water suction line 206 of the suction side (suction side of the cooling tower 103).
[0025]
By the above connection, a circulation cooling flow path of the fresh water is formed between the fresh water circulation cooling device and the heat exchanger 101. That is, the heat of the fresh water that has absorbed the heat from the cooling water of the building cooling water system by the heat exchanger 101 is removed by the cooling tower 103 of the fresh water circulation cooling device and the fresh water is supplied to the heat exchanger 101 by the fresh water pump 104 and circulates.
[0026]
Specifically, at the time of the alternative operation, to cause the circulation cooling flow path of the fresh water to be formed between the fresh water circulation cooling device and the heat exchanger 101, the fresh water ejection valve 303 and the fresh water suction valve 304 are opened so that the fresh water flows, the sea water intake valve 301 is closed so that the sea water is not supplied, and the sea water discharge valve 302 is closed so that the fresh water is not discharged to the sea. It goes without saying that the sea water pump 102 is in a stopped state.
As a result, even in a state in which the sea water cannot be taken, the heat of the cooling water of the building cooling water system can be removed by the fresh water circulation cooling device.
[0027]
The fresh water that is stored or circulated in the fresh water circulation cooling device may be the sea water. However, since the fresh water circulation cooling device may be adversely affected by corruption of the sea water caused by storage or circulation, adhesion of a foreign material, generation of precipitates, and the like, it is preferable to use fresh water or pure water.
In addition, since the cooling tower 103 is of an open type in which a medium contacts an atmosphere, there is a possibility of causing bacterial contamination. Therefore, even when the fresh water is used, it is preferable to add a medical agent such as a chlorine agent.
[0028]
In the above description, the capacity of the fresh water to be supplied by the fresh water circulation cooling device is grasped by the water level gauge 401. However, instead of the water level gauge 401, a flowmeter not shown in the drawings may be provided in the fresh water ejection line 205 and the capacity of the fresh water to be supplied by the fresh water circulation cooling device may be grasped by time integration.
The present invention is not limited to the water level gauge 401 or the flowmeter and any sensor capable of grasping the capacity of the fresh water to be supplied by the fresh water circulation cooling device may be used.
[0029]
Incidentally, since the cooling tower 103 is an open type cooling device using the latent heat of evaporation, the capacity of the fresh water decreases during an operation. Even in a standby state, the capacity of the fresh water decreases due to evaporation.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a fresh water replenishment mechanism to store a constant amount of fresh water by the water level gauge 401.
[0030]
Next, a transition of an operation state of the reactor building service water system or the turbine building cooling water system as the sea water cooling system shown in Fig. 1 will be described with reference to Fig. 2.
The sea water cooling system according to the embodiment has a normal operation state (S21) in which the heat of the cooling water of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system is removed by the sea water and an alternative operation state (S23) in which the fresh water is circulated between the fresh water circulation cooling device having the cooling tower 103 and the fresh water pump 104 and the heat exchanger 101 and the heat of the cooling water of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system is removed.
[0031]
Further, when the sea water cooling system transits from the normal operation state (S21) to the alternative operation state (S23), the sea water cooling system goes through a replacement operation state (S22) in which opened/closed states of the sea water intake valve 301, the sea water discharge valve 302, the fresh water ejection valve 303, and the fresh water suction valve 304 are set so that the water flowing through the heat exchanger 101 continuously changes from the sea water to the fresh water.
The replacement operation state (S22) becomes an operation state in which the sea water of the heat exchanger 101 is extruded with the fresh water stored in the fresh water circulation cooling device, as described below.
[0032]
In the sea water cooling system in the normal operation state (S21), at least fresh water of the capacity corresponding to the flow path capacity of the flow path of the sea water from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger
101 is stored in the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 of the fresh water circulation cooling device.
[0033]
If a state in which the screen provided in the intake port is blocked due to the foreign material to restrict the intake of the sea water or a state in which the sea water cannot be pumped due to a failure of the sea water pump 102 is detected, the sea water cooling system determines that a state transition condition of sea water acquisition stop is satisfied and transits to the replacement operation state (S22) .
[0034]
In the replacement operation state (S22), the sea water cooling system stops the sea water pump 102, closes the sea water intake valve 301, stops the intake of the sea water, operates the fresh water pump 104, opens the fresh water ejection valve 303, and supplies the fresh water stored in the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 to the water supply line 202. At this time, the sea water discharge valve 302 is kept open, the fresh water suction valve 304 is kept closed, and the sea water is discharged to the sea.
[0035]
In the replacement operation state (S22), since the fresh water is supplied by the fresh water pump 104, the sea water of the water supply line 202, the heat exchanger 101, and the water discharge line 204 is extruded with the fresh water. At this time, since the water continuously flows through the heat exchanger 101, heat removal of the cooling water of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system is also continuously performed.
[0036]
The sea water cooling system monitors a water level of the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 by the water level gauge 401 and continuously determines whether a decrease in the water level larger than the water level corresponding to the flow path capacity of the flow path of the sea water or the fresh water from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 has been detected.
[0037]
That is, the sea water cooling system determines whether the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 has been replaced with the fresh water. If it is determined that the sea water has been replaced with the fresh water, the sea water cooling system determines that a state transition condition of fresh water replacement completion has been satisfied and transits to the alternative operation state (S23).
[0038]
In the alternative operation state (S23), the sea water cooling system closes the sea water discharge valve 302 and opens the fresh water suction valve 304, so that the fresh water returns to the cooling tower 103. As a result, the fresh water that has absorbed the heat from the cooling water of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system by the heat exchanger 101 is cooled by the cooling tower 103 and circulation cooling by the fresh water is performed.
[0039]
If the sea water intake is enabled in the alternative operation state (S23), the sea water cooling system determines that a state transition condition of sea water intake start has been satisfied and transits to the normal operation state (S21).
At the time of transition to the normal operation state (S21), the sea water cooling system stops the fresh water pump 104, closes the fresh water ejection valve 303, stops the fresh water supply, operates the sea water pump 102, opens the sea water intake valve 301, takes the sea water, and supplies the sea water to the water supply line
202 .
[0040]
In the normal operation state (S21), since the fresh water suction valve 304 is closed and the sea water discharge valve 302 is opened, the fresh water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 is extruded by the supply of the sea water and drained to the sea and the flow path is filled with the sea water.
Since the fresh water flows through the heat exchanger 101 until the flow path is filled with the sea water, heat removal of the cooling water of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system is continuously performed.
[0041]
As described above, when the state transits from the alternative operation to the normal operation, the fresh water that has filled the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 is discharged to the sea, so that the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 of the fresh water circulation cooling device is replenished with the fresh water in preparation for a next alternative operation
By discharging the fresh water circulated at the time of the alternative operation, it is also possible to clean the heat exchanger 101, the water supply line 202, and the water discharge line 204.
[0042]
The fresh water used at the time of the alternative operation may be returned to the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 of the fresh water circulation cooling device, without being discharged to the sea. In this case, a reflux operation state is provided while the sea water cooling system transits from the alternative operation state to the normal operation state.
[0043]
In the reflux operation state, the sea water cooling system opens the fresh water suction valve 304, keeps the sea water discharge valve 302 closed, stops the fresh water pump 104, closes the fresh water ejection valve 303, stops the fresh water supply, operates the sea water pump 102, opens the sea water intake valve 301, takes the sea water, and supplies the sea water to the water supply line 202. By supplying the sea water to the water supply line 202, the fresh water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 is extruded and returned to the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 of the fresh water circulation cooling device through the fresh water suction valve 304.
[0044]
A reflux amount of the fresh water can be obtained by detecting the water level of the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 by the water level gauge 401. That is, when an increase in the water level corresponding to the flow path capacity of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 is detected, it can be detected that the reflux of the fresh water has been completed.
If the reflux completion of the fresh water is detected, the sea water cooling system closes the fresh water suction valve 304, opens the sea water discharge valve 302, stops the reflux of the fresh water, and switches to discharge of the water to the sea.
[0045]
In the sea water cooling system shown in Fig. 1, even in a state in which the sea water cannot be taken, the fresh water stored in the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 of the fresh water circulation cooling device is supplied, so that the water flow of the heat exchanger 101 is not interrupted.
As a result, the heat removal of the cooling water of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system is not interrupted. After replacing the sea water with the fresh water, the heat of the heat exchanger 101 is removed by circulation cooling of the fresh water by the fresh water circulation cooling device, so that the operation can be continuously performed without affecting the operation of the reactor building cooling water system or the turbine building cooling water system.
[0046]
Next, another configuration of a determination unit of fresh water replacement in the sea water cooling system will be described with reference to Fig. 3.
In a sea water cooling system of Fig. 3, instead of the water level gauge 401 of the sea water cooling system of Fig. 1, an electric conductivity sensor 402 for detecting electric conductivity (conductivity) of a fluid flowing through the water discharge line 204 is provided at the sea side of the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204.
The sea water cooling system of Fig. 3 other than the electric conductivity sensor 402 is the same as that of Fig. 1 and the normal operation state (S21 of Fig. 2) and the alternative operation state (S23 of Fig. 2) are also the same. Therefore, description thereof is omitted here. [0047]
In the sea water cooling system of Fig. 3, in the replacement operation state (S22 of Fig. 2), the fresh water stored in the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 of the fresh water circulation cooling device is supplied to the water supply line 202 by the fresh water pump 104 and the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 is extruded and discharged to the sea through the sea water discharge valve 302. The fresh water passes through the sea water discharge valve 302 after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of the fresh water supply.
[0048]
The electric conductivity sensor 402 periodically detects the electric conductivity (conductivity) of the fluid that has passed through the sea water discharge valve 302. On the basis of the detected electric conductivity, the sea water cooling system detects that the fluid having passed through the sea water discharge valve 302 has changed from the sea water to the fresh water and determines that the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 has been replaced with the fresh water.
As a result, the sea water cooling system of Fig. 3 determines that a state transition condition of fresh water replacement completion has been satisfied and transits from the replacement operation state (S22 of Fig. 2) to the alternative operation state (S23 of Fig. 2). [0049]
Next, another embodiment of the sea water cooling system will be described with reference to Fig. 4.
In the sea water cooling system of Fig. 4, the fresh water circulation cooling device is provided with a fresh water storage tank 105 and a fresh water discharge valve 305, instead of the water storage tank of the cooling tower 103 of Fig. 1.
The fresh water storage tank 105 stores at least fresh water of a capacity corresponding to a flow path capacity of a flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101.
In addition, the fresh water discharge valve 305 is an on-off valve that controls the discharge of the fresh water from the fresh water storage tank 105.
[0050]
Differently from the fresh water circulation cooling device of Fig. 1, the electric conductivity sensor 402 that detects the electric conductivity (conductivity) of the fluid having passed through the sea water discharge valve 302 detects that the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 has been replaced with the fresh water.
A configuration of the sea water cooling system of Fig. 4 other than the above is the same as that of Fig. 1 and the normal operation state (S21 of Fig. 2) and the alternative operation state (S23 of Fig. 2) are also the same. Therefore, description thereof is omitted here. [0051]
In the sea water cooling system of Fig. 4, in the replacement operation state (S22 of Fig. 2), the fresh water discharge valve 305 is opened, the fresh water stored in the fresh water storage tank 105 is supplied to the water supply line 202 by the fresh water pump 104, and the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 is extruded and discharged to the sea through the sea water discharge valve 302. The fresh water passes through the sea water discharge valve 302 after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of the fresh water supply.
[0052]
The electric conductivity sensor 402 periodically detects the electric conductivity (conductivity) of the fluid that has passed through the sea water discharge valve 302. On the basis of the detected electric conductivity, the sea water cooling system detects that the fluid having passed through the sea water discharge valve 302 has changed from the sea water to the fresh water and determines that the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 has been replaced with the fresh water.
As a result, the sea water cooling system of Fig. 3 determines that a state transition condition of fresh water replacement completion has been satisfied and transits from the replacement operation state (S22 of Fig.
2) to the alternative operation state (S23 of Fig. 2) .
In the alternative operation state (S23), the fresh water discharge valve 305 is closed.
[0053]
Although not shown in the drawings, in the sea water cooling system of Fig. 4, instead of the electric conductivity sensor 402, a water storage amount detection sensor may be provided in the fresh water storage tank 105.
In this configuration, for fresh water replacement, fresh water of an amount corresponding to the flow path capacity of the flow path from the sea water intake valve 301 of the water supply line 202 to the sea water discharge valve 302 of the water discharge line 204 through the heat exchanger 101 is previously stored in the fresh water storage tank 105. In the replacement operation state (S22 of Fig. 2), it is determined that the sea water has been replaced with the fresh water, by detecting that the fresh water storage tank 105 has become empty by the water storage amount detection sensor.
The fresh water may be stored in the fresh water storage tank 105 by an amount larger by a predetermined amount than the amount of water for fresh water replacement and it may be determined that the sea water has been replaced with the fresh water by detecting that the water storage amount has become smaller than the predetermined amount by the water storage amount detection sensor.
[0054]
According to the sea water cooling system provided with the fresh water storage tank 105 of Fig. 4, the contact of the fresh water with the atmosphere is reduced as compared with the case where the water is stored in the cooling tower 103, so that generation and decay of algae can be reduced.
[0055]
In the above embodiment, the fresh water circulation cooling device is configured to cool the circulating fresh water by the cooling tower 103. However, the fresh water may be cooled by a refrigerator instead of the cooling tower 103.
According to this configuration, since the adjustment of cooling performance according to an environmental change can be easily performed, circulation cooling of the fresh water can be performed more stably. [0056]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and various modifications are included in the present invention. The embodiments are described in detail to facilitate the description of the present invention and are not limited to including all of the described configurations. In addition, a part of the configurations of the certain embodiment can be replaced by the configurations of other embodiments or the configurations of other embodiments can be added to the configurations of the certain embodiment.
Claims (15)
1. A sea water cooling system comprising:
a heat exchanger that removes heat of a cooling fluid by sea water; a water supply line that supplies the sea water taken from the sea to the heat exchanger;
a water discharge line that discharges the sea water having absorbed the heat from the cooling fluid by the heat exchanger to the sea; and a fresh water circulation cooling device that is connected to the water supply line and the water discharge line so as to be connected in parallel to the heat exchanger, circulates and supplies fresh water to the heat exchanger, and cools the fresh water having absorbed the heat by the heat exchanger, wherein, when an intake failure of the sea water occurs, water to be supplied to the heat exchanger is changed from the sea water to the fresh water of the fresh water circulation cooling device to supply a predetermined amount of fresh water from the fresh water circulation cooling device to the heat exchanger, and after the sea water corresponding to the amount of supplied fresh water is discharged from the water discharge line, the fresh water is circulated by the fresh water circulation cooling device.
2. The sea water cooling system according to claim
1, wherein the predetermined amount of fresh water to be supplied from the fresh water circulation cooling device to the heat exchanger is larger than a flow path capacity of a flow path from a sea water intake valve provided in the water supply line and blocking the sea water supply to a sea water discharge valve provided in the water discharge line and blocking the discharge of the water to the sea through the heat exchanger.
3. The sea water cooling system according to claim
2, wherein a water level gauge that detects a water level of the fresh water stored in the fresh water circulation cooling device determines whether the fresh water to be supplied from the fresh water circulation cooling device to the heat exchanger reaches the predetermined amount.
4. The sea water cooling system according to claim
2, wherein an electric conductivity sensor that detects electric conductivity of a fluid flowing through the water discharge line provided at the sea side of the sea water discharge valve determines whether the fresh water to be supplied from the fresh water circulation cooling device to the heat exchanger reaches the predetermined amount.
5. A sea water cooling system comprising:
a heat exchanger that removes heat of a cooling target fluid by sea water;
a sea water pump that pumps the sea water from the sea and supplies the sea water to the heat exchanger;
a sea water intake valve that is provided in the middle of a water supply line connecting the heat exchanger and the sea water pump and blocks the sea water supply;
a sea water discharge valve that is provided in the middle of a water discharge line from the heat exchanger to the sea and blocks discharge of water to the sea; and a fresh water circulation cooling device that is connected in parallel to the heat exchanger via a fresh water ejection valve and a fresh water suction valve between the heat exchanger and the sea water intake valve of the water supply line and between the heat exchanger and the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line, circulates and supplies fresh water to the heat exchanger, and cools the heat exchanger.
6. The sea water cooling system according to claim
5, wherein the fresh water circulation cooling device includes a cooling tower that removes heat of the fresh water functioning as cooling water and a fresh water pump that supplies the fresh water of which the heat has been removed by the cooling tower to the heat exchanger.
7. The sea water cooling system according to claim
6, wherein the cooling tower has a fresh water storage tank that stores at least fresh water of a capacity equal to a capacity of sea water filling a flow path from the sea water intake valve of the water supply line to the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line through the heat exchanger.
8. The sea water cooling system according to claim
7, further comprising:
a water level sensor that detects a water level of the fresh water storage tank of the fresh water circulation cooling device, wherein, in the case where the sea water intake valve is closed, the fresh water ejection valve is opened, and the fresh water is supplied from the fresh water circulation cooling device to the heat exchanger, when the water level detected by the water level sensor is smaller than a predetermined value, it is determined that the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve of the water supply line to the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line through the heat exchanger has been replaced with the fresh water, the sea water discharge valve is closed, the fresh water suction valve is opened, and fresh water circulation cooling is performed by the fresh water circulation cooling device.
9. The sea water cooling system according to claim
6, wherein the fresh water circulation cooling device further has a fresh water storage tank that stores at least fresh water of a capacity equal to a capacity of sea water filling a flow path from the sea water intake valve of the water supply line to the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line through the heat exchanger.
10. The sea water cooling system according to claim
9, further comprising:
a water storage amount detection sensor that detects a water storage amount of the fresh water storage tank of the fresh water circulation cooling device, wherein, in the case where the sea water intake valve is closed, the fresh water ejection valve is opened, and the fresh water is supplied from the fresh water circulation cooling device to the heat exchanger, according to the water storage amount detected by the water storage amount detection sensor, it is determined that the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve of the water supply line to the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line through the heat exchanger has been replaced with the fresh water, the sea water discharge valve is closed, the fresh water suction valve is opened, and fresh water circulation cooling is performed by the fresh water circulation cooling device.
11. The sea water cooling system according to claim
7 or 9, further comprising:
an electric conductivity sensor that is provided at the sea side of the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line and detects electric conductivity of a fluid flowing through the water discharge line, wherein, in the case where the sea water intake valve is closed, the fresh water ejection valve is opened, and the fresh water is supplied from the fresh water circulation cooling device to the heat exchanger, when the electric conductivity detected by the electric conductivity sensor is smaller than a predetermined value, it is determined that the sea water of the flow path from the sea water intake valve of the water supply line to the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line through the heat exchanger has been replaced with the fresh water, the sea water discharge valve is closed, the fresh water suction valve is opened, and fresh water circulation cooling is performed by the fresh water circulation cooling device .
12. The sea water cooling system according to claim
5, further comprising:
a fresh water replacement determination unit that determines that a flow path from the sea water intake valve of the water supply line to the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line through the heat exchanger has been filled with the fresh water, wherein, when an intake failure of the sea water occurs, the intake of the sea water is stopped, the sea water intake valve is closed, the fresh water ejection valve is opened, and the supply of the fresh water from the fresh water circulation cooling device is started, and when it is determined by the fresh water replacement determination unit that the flow path has been filled with the fresh water, the sea water discharge valve is closed, discharge of water to the sea is stopped, the fresh water suction valve is opened, and fresh water circulation cooling is performed by the fresh water circulation cooling device .
13. The sea water cooling system according to claim
12, wherein the fresh water circulation cooling device includes a cooling tower that stores at least fresh water of a capacity equal to a capacity of the sea water filling the flow path from the sea water intake valve of the water supply line to the sea water discharge valve of the water discharge line through the heat exchanger and removes heat of cooling water of the fresh water, and a fresh water pump that supplies the cooling water of which the heat has been removed by the cooling tower to the heat exchanger.
14. The sea water cooling system according to claim
12, wherein, when the intake failure of the sea water is resolved, the fresh water ejection valve and the fresh water suction valve are closed, the sea water intake valve and the sea water discharge valve are opened, and the sea water is supplied to the heat exchanger by the sea water pump.
15. The sea water cooling system according to claim
1 or 5, wherein the fresh water is cooling water to which a chlorine agent is added.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2005292.4A GB2580573B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-03-27 | Sea Water Cooling System |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018068364A JP6858156B2 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | Seawater cooling system |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB201904270D0 GB201904270D0 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
| GB2574299A true GB2574299A (en) | 2019-12-04 |
| GB2574299B GB2574299B (en) | 2020-05-27 |
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ID=66381253
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2005292.4A Active GB2580573B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-03-27 | Sea Water Cooling System |
| GB1904270.4A Active GB2574299B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-03-27 | Sea water cooling system |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB2005292.4A Active GB2580573B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2019-03-27 | Sea Water Cooling System |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6858156B2 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB2580573B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2576253A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-02-12 | Hitachi Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | Plant auxiliary cooling facility |
| CN115148383A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-04 | 华龙国际核电技术有限公司 | A nuclear power plant cold chain system |
| US11988212B2 (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2024-05-21 | Techtronic Cordless Gp | Fluid transfer pump |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111508623B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2022-07-15 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Overpressure protection device for pressure-bearing containment vessel for ship and application of overpressure protection device |
| CN114401611A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-26 | 新加坡三泰赛森有限公司 | Underground closed space seawater cooling system and storage system |
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| JPS5915891A (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1984-01-26 | 日本原子力事業株式会社 | Cooling circuit for reactor equipment |
| US5657360A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1997-08-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Reactor container |
| JP2002257972A (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Operating method and system of reactor auxiliary cooling system |
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| JPS5956098A (en) * | 1982-09-22 | 1984-03-31 | Hitachi Ltd | How to store a seawater heat exchanger |
| JP2002022388A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-23 | Ebara Corp | Microorganism adhesion preventing method for external water intake heat exchange device |
| JP2002336614A (en) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-11-26 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Freshwater / seawater backwash filtration system for seawater filters in water treatment facilities such as aquariums |
| JP2007012565A (en) * | 2005-07-04 | 2007-01-18 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel cell system |
| JP2009063292A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-03-26 | Miura Co Ltd | Cooling method for circulating water in cooling tower and cooling method for water spray for cooling circulating water |
| JP6068035B2 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2017-01-25 | 株式会社関電工 | Reactor safety maintenance method and equipment when power is lost and seawater cannot be cooled |
| KR101594440B1 (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-02-17 | 한국원자력연구원 | Shutdown cooling facility and nuclear power plant having the same |
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- 2018-03-30 JP JP2018068364A patent/JP6858156B2/en active Active
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- 2019-03-27 GB GB2005292.4A patent/GB2580573B/en active Active
- 2019-03-27 GB GB1904270.4A patent/GB2574299B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS5915891A (en) * | 1982-07-19 | 1984-01-26 | 日本原子力事業株式会社 | Cooling circuit for reactor equipment |
| US5657360A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1997-08-12 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Reactor container |
| JP2002257972A (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-11 | Hitachi Ltd | Operating method and system of reactor auxiliary cooling system |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2576253A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-02-12 | Hitachi Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | Plant auxiliary cooling facility |
| GB2576253B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2020-09-16 | Hitachi Ge Nuclear Energy Ltd | Plant auxiliary cooling facility |
| CN115148383A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2022-10-04 | 华龙国际核电技术有限公司 | A nuclear power plant cold chain system |
| US11988212B2 (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2024-05-21 | Techtronic Cordless Gp | Fluid transfer pump |
| US12435723B2 (en) | 2021-08-02 | 2025-10-07 | Techtronic Cordless Gp | Fluid transfer pump |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2574299B (en) | 2020-05-27 |
| JP2019178954A (en) | 2019-10-17 |
| GB202005292D0 (en) | 2020-05-27 |
| JP6858156B2 (en) | 2021-04-14 |
| GB201904270D0 (en) | 2019-05-08 |
| GB2580573B (en) | 2021-01-13 |
| GB2580573A (en) | 2020-07-22 |
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