GB2310050A - Hermetic seal for an optic fibre - Google Patents
Hermetic seal for an optic fibre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2310050A GB2310050A GB9601276A GB9601276A GB2310050A GB 2310050 A GB2310050 A GB 2310050A GB 9601276 A GB9601276 A GB 9601276A GB 9601276 A GB9601276 A GB 9601276A GB 2310050 A GB2310050 A GB 2310050A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- seal
- fibre
- component
- seal according
- optical fibre
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 claims 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940100890 silver compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003379 silver compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000427 thin-film deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4248—Feed-through connections for the hermetical passage of fibres through a package wall
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
- G02B6/3855—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture characterised by the method of anchoring or fixing the fibre within the ferrule
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
- G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
- G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
- G02B6/3873—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
- G02B6/3874—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
A hermetic seal for a fibre optic 12 mounted onto a component 11 with an aperture 11a has a sealant 14 which acts as a boundary between two media 15,16. The sealant 14 may be made from silver chloride or silver bromide or a mixture of both. The optic fibre 12 may be bare or have a jacket 12b and may have a thin metallic layer 13 between the fibre and the sealant 14. The metallic layer 13 may be silver or nickel. The sealant 14 may have a low viscosity in the liquid state allowing good seals with small clearances between the fibre 12 and component 11. The sealant 14 may have a low vapour pressure so that the seal does not offer an inherent source of contamination to a vacuum or other gaseous environment. The sealant 14 may have a degree of plasticity such that small changes in the dimensions between the parts due to thermal expansion can be accommodated without compromising the seal.
Description
FIBRE OPTIC SEALING METHOD
This invention relates to a seal for optical fibre.
In many reaction and containment vessels, e.g. vacuum or pressure vessels, chemical reactors, etc., it is desirable to have a path for transmitting light into or out of the vessel for monitoring or similar purposes without compromising the containment offered by the vessel. Typically the path is a window. Such a window will typically be made from a material which will withstand the range of environments on both sides of the wall. The window material is normally bonded into a flange or similar mounting means so that an appropriate seal is achieved. In vacuum systems such as those used in semiconductor fabrication, thin film deposition and many other applications, such windows are large, fragile and expensive components. The window has a passive role in the optical path, making little of no contribution to delivering the light to the desired location.Indeed to do so in a stable reliable manner relies on the rigid coupling of the light source to an optical bench or vibration isolated table which in turn is firmly linked to the vacuum vessel within which the sample location is also tightly defined. This arrangement is widely used and is expensive. Further unless particular precautions are taken, the same window also provides a path for unwanted ambient light to enter the vacuum system. The use of optical fibre as a delivery means into vacuum systems has been addressed, however the methods are limited either in the range of conditions which they can sustain or in their ruggedness and practicality.The former methods using organic adhesives such as epoxy resins, which are mot compatible with bake out processes, the latter using brazing of metallised fibres which does not allow accurate fibre placement required for interconnection or subsequent demounting of the fibre for repair or replacement.
This patent describes a novel method for making seals of optical fibre to flanges or other components, such seals being compatible with recognised bake out procedures, providing accurate alignment and potential for demounting from the component into which the seal has been made to allow re-use of that component.
According to the present invention an optical fibre or optical fibre bundle is directed through a component which may be a flange or other interface between the ambient environment and a vacuum environment but may also be entirely enclosed within the vacuum or in any other appropriate environment in such a manner as to not only maintain the hermeticity of the vacuum system but also withstand the bake out used to enhance the degree of vacuum achieved within the system, minimise contamination of the vacuum system and provide a demountable connection for simplified assembly, maintenance and replacement in the event of component failure. This method is only suitable for sealing optical fibres which are comprised of materials which are in themselves compatible with both the conditions encountered in the vacuum environment and with the sealing materials.
Alternative embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a flange with fibre optic and seal;
Figure 1 A shows and enlargement of a part of figure 1;
Figure 2 shows a sectional view of an alternative flange with integral connector and a mating connector.
Referring to a simple embodiment as shown in figure 1, the ultra high vacuum compatible feed through comprises of a vacuum system flange 11, typically manufactured from stainless steel, which has a capillary hole, 1 la, passing through it. The optical fibre 12 is coated over some or all of its length including that region where the seal is to be made with a thin layer 13 of silver, nickel or other metallisation either directly onto the bare fibre surface or where the fibre jacket material 1 2b is sufficiently resilient, e.g. polyimide, and certain other metals, onto the jacket.
The coating method shall achieve good adhesion between the coating 13 and either the bare fibre 12 or the jacket 1 2b accordingly. The metallisation shall exclude those metals, for example aluminium, which are known to react with the sealing materials at elevated temperatures. The method known as sputter coating is known to be capable of achieving the required level of adhesion of the metallisation.
The fibre 12 is located into the hole 12 from the ambient or air side 15 until the coated region 13 of the fibre extended fully through the capillary region 1 la of the flange 11.
A quantity of the sealing material 14, substantially comprising of silver chloride, silver bromide or a mixture of the two compounds, is either placed into the space between the capillary region 11 a and the fibre coating 13 region prior to heating or is applied when the assembled components have been raised to a temperature slightly in excess of the melting point of the sealing material.
When the sealing material 14 melts, surface tension carries the liquid sealing material through the capillary space between the coated region of the fibre 13 and the capillary 1 la.
On cooling the sealing material solidifies and a hermetic bond is formed between the fibre 12 and the flange 11 with the sealing material 14 bonding intimately with both parts. The seal integrity is further maintained by the pressure applied to the fibre by the relative contraction of the flange 11 about the fibre 12 on cooling.
The structure of the seal is shown in more detail in figure 1 A, which shows an enlargement of the circled region in figure 1. With the body of the flange represented by areas marked 11, the seal material by the regions marked 14, the coating by the regions marked 13, the fibre by the region marked 12 and the fibre jacked marked as 12b.
Figure 2 shows a preferred embodiment of the seal. A different flange 1 1b is shown which has a part 21 extending from the body of the flange which forms part of a fibre optic connector on the vacuum side 16 of the boundary or wall 17. This connector part 21 may be compatible with proprietary designs or may be of a new construction. The mating connector 26 uses a similar construction to the flange, with sealing material 24 and optical fibre 25 being treated and prepared in a similar manner to their counterparts 12 and 14 in the flange 1 lb. The two connectors are joined by a concentric sleeve 27. To ensure good transmission of the light passing along the fibres the end faces 18 and 28 may be prepared in a manner known to one skilled in the art.The end of optical fibre 25 remote from the polished face 28 may lead to a location within the vacuum or low pressure environment from or to which light or other electromagnetic radiation conveyable by optical fibre is to be relayed.
Use of a connector 21 integral to the flange 1 1b enables easier assembly of the vacuum equipment. In particular it allows the gasket, (not shown in the figures), usually used when sealing flanges to vacuum vessel walls to be fitted without threading the entire vacuum side length of fibre through the gasket thereby minimising the risk of damage to the fibre during assembly.
An additional connector may be made integral to the ambient or higher pressure side 15 of the flange or similar assembly, however where it is intended that this side of the boundary 17 is in ambient conditions there is no need for a vacuum compatible seal and a wider range of materials known to one skilled in the art may be used.
Additional features of the embodiment of figure 2 provide both improved sealing and simplified installation, use and maintenance over the embodiment of figure 1. In particular, the capillary 19 now has a wider lead in region 20 on the ambient or high pressure side 15. This offers convenience when applying the sealing material 14 during assembly. It also enhances the seal, since the force exerted on the exposed surface of the seal 14 by the higher pressure of the environment on side 15 over that on the vacuum or low pressure side, 16, serves to push the sealing material 14 into the space between the fibre coating 13 and the capillary 19. Such a lead in region 20 is not required for the connector 26 as both sides of the seal are at the same pressure. However a vacuum compatible sealing material is still required.The relative separation of the capillary region 19 from the body of the flange means that the amount of heat required to create a seal can be decreased allowing more control over the sealing process.
Once the seal is formed it may be baked out to at least 200 degrees centigrade without degradation of performance which, in conjunction with the absence of organic materials in the assembly, results in very little degradation of the vacuum quality from such a feed through.
The above named silver compounds are particularly suitable for such a seal is several respects.
The inherent plasticity of these materials accommodates thermal stresses during bake out which might otherwise damage the fibre. The low viscosity of the sealing material on melting allows very small clearances to be achieved between the fibre 12 and the flange 11. The small clearances allow tight coaxial tolerances to be held between the fibre and the connector thereby maximising the optical coupling between mated fibres.
It can be seen that more than one fibre or integral connector may be sealed into a single flange or similar component, thereby offering considerable space savings over fitting of a corresponding number of windows in a vacuum vessel.
A seal similar to those described above may be made with a fused fibre bundle having integral hermeticity in place of the single fibre.
Claims (9)
1. Fibre optic sealing means characterised in that an optical fibre is mounted into a component one function of which is to act as a boundary between two media for the purpose of making the path followed by the optical fibre hermetic.
2. A seal according to claim 1 characterised in that the seal is formed between an optical fibre and another component wherein the fibre passes directly through the other component and the seal is formed at a point on the length of the optical fibre.
3. A seal according to claim 1 characterised in that the seal is formed between an optical fibre and another component wherein the fibre ends at the other component and the seal is formed at an end of the fibre.
4. A seal according to claims 2 and 3 characterised in that the supporting component has formed into it mechanical structures compatible with recognised fibre optic connector types.
E.g. the SMA connector type.
5. A seal according to claims 3 and 4 characterised in that the sealed end of the fibre can be polished or otherwise prepared to ensure optimum coupling of light into the mating components which may be used to collect light passing through the first component.
6. A seal according to claims 2 to 5 characterised in that the supporting component is constructed with a larger area of sealant presented to the medium on the side of the boundary exposed to the higher pressure.
7. A seal according to claims 2 to 6 characterised in that the supporting component is formed such that the region to which heat is applied to make the seal is thermally removed from the bulk of the material mass of the component so that a minimum quantity of heat is required to form the seal.
8. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the seal is made between the component and the buffer layer of the optical fibre.
9. A seal as is described in this application and is shown in figures 1 to 2.
9. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the seal is made between the component and the bare optical fibre.
10. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the seal is made between a thin metallic layer on the surface of the fibre and the component.
11. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 7 characterised in that the seal is made between a thin metallic layer on the surface of the buffer layer and the component.
12. A seal according to claims 10 and li characterised in that the metallic layer is substantially of silver 13. A seal according to claims 10 and 11 characterised in that the metallic layer is substantially of nickel 14. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 13 characterised in that the sealant material has a very low viscosity while in the liquid state allowing good seals to be made with very small clearances between the fibre and component ensuring good mechanical tolerances between the component alignment features and the fibre optic.
15. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 13 characterised in that the sealant material has a low vapour pressure thereby ensuring that the seal so formed does not offer an inherent source of contamination to a vacuum or similar gaseous environment.
16. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 13 characterised in that the sealant material has little or no porosity in the solid state after the seal has been made to preclude leakage or outgassing into the media on either side of the boundary through which the optical fibre is directed.
17. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 13 characterised in that the sealant material when solid has a degree of plasticity so that small changes in dimensions between the assembled parts due to thermal expansion and contraction or other reason can be accommodated without compromising the seal so formed.
18. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 17 characterised in that the sealing material is substantially silver chloride 19. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 17 characterised in that the sealing material is substantially silver bromide.
20. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 17 characterised in that the sealing material is a mixture of silver chloride and silver bromide.
21. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 20 characterised in that the component contains more than one separate seal the totality of which are all supported on one main component.
22. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 21 characterised in that the fibre end not requiring vacuum compatibility also has a connector fitted.
23. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 21 characterised in that the seal is entirely in the same environment on both sides but that the benefits of minimal contamination and the capability for operation at elevated temperatures are maintained 24. A seal according to any of the claims 1 to 23 characterised in that the fibre optic is a fused bundle rather than a single fibre.
25. A seal such as is described in this patent and is shown in figures 1 to 2.
Amendments to the claims have been filed as tollows
Claims 1. A hermetic seal formed between two components one of which is an optical fibre the other of which forms a part of the boundary between two media to be separated wherein the seal may be made either at the end of or at a point along the length of said optical fibre which may have metallisation applied either to its jacket or directly to the bare fibre such metallisation which may be either silver or nickel or other suitable metal characterised in that the material used to form the seal comprises of silver chloride or silver bromide or a mixture of these two compounds.
2. A seal described in claim 1 in which the seal is made at the end of the optical fibre and said optical fibre end can be polished or otherwise prepared to ensure optimum coupling of light into such mating components as may be used to collect light passing through the said optical fibre.
3. A seal described in claim 1 or claim 2 characterised in that the component forming a part of the boundary between two media has formed into it structures compatible with recognised fibre optic connector types e.g. the SMA connector type for the purposes of simplified mating with the sealed optical fibre.
4. A seal described on any of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the component which forms part of a boundary between two media is constructed with a the area of the seal presented to the medium on the side of the boundary exposed to the higher pressure being larger than the area of the seal presented to the medium on the lower pressure side of the boundary.
5. A seal described in any of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the component which forms a boundary between two media is constructed such that the region to which heat is applied to make the seal is thermally removed from the bulk of the material mass of the component.
6. A seal described in any of the claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the component which forms a boundary between two media contains more than one separate optical fibre the totality of which are all supported on and hermetically sealed into the one component which forms a boundary between two media.
7. A seal described in any of the claims 1 to 6 characterised in that the optical fibre is a fused optical bundle.
8. A seal described in any of the claims 1 to 7 characterised in that a fibre end not forming a part of the seal may have a connector fitted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9601276A GB2310050B (en) | 1996-01-23 | 1996-01-23 | Fibre optic sealing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9601276A GB2310050B (en) | 1996-01-23 | 1996-01-23 | Fibre optic sealing method |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9601276D0 GB9601276D0 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
| GB2310050A true GB2310050A (en) | 1997-08-13 |
| GB2310050B GB2310050B (en) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=10787389
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9601276A Expired - Fee Related GB2310050B (en) | 1996-01-23 | 1996-01-23 | Fibre optic sealing method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2310050B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999042880A1 (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-26 | Uniphase Telecommunications Products, Inc. | Optical fiber having hermetically sealable section |
| GB2375187A (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2002-11-06 | Schlumberger Holdings | Gasket sealed feedthrough of metal coated optic fibre |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3825320A (en) * | 1973-03-02 | 1974-07-23 | Us Navy | High-pressure optical bulkhead penetrator |
| GB1574955A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1980-09-10 | Western Electric Co | Solderable connections to glass |
| US4296996A (en) * | 1978-07-18 | 1981-10-27 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Kabushiki Kaisha | Feedthrough for optical fiber |
| US4413881A (en) * | 1979-07-26 | 1983-11-08 | Northern Telecom Limited | Optical fiber hermetic seal |
| EP0125795A1 (en) * | 1983-04-14 | 1984-11-21 | BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company | Sealing assembly |
| WO1986006472A1 (en) * | 1985-05-01 | 1986-11-06 | American Telephone & Telegraph Company | Hermetic fiber seal |
| US4779788A (en) * | 1986-11-12 | 1988-10-25 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz A.G. | Hermetically sealed glass fiber bushing |
| EP0383511A2 (en) * | 1989-02-16 | 1990-08-22 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Hermetic gland for optical fibres |
| EP0608895B1 (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 2001-11-28 | Nec Corporation | Airtight seal structure of low melting point glass to be used in optical fiber guiding portion of optical device and method of airtight seal using low melting point glass |
-
1996
- 1996-01-23 GB GB9601276A patent/GB2310050B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3825320A (en) * | 1973-03-02 | 1974-07-23 | Us Navy | High-pressure optical bulkhead penetrator |
| GB1574955A (en) * | 1976-04-08 | 1980-09-10 | Western Electric Co | Solderable connections to glass |
| US4296996A (en) * | 1978-07-18 | 1981-10-27 | Kokusai Denshin Denwa Kabushiki Kaisha | Feedthrough for optical fiber |
| US4413881A (en) * | 1979-07-26 | 1983-11-08 | Northern Telecom Limited | Optical fiber hermetic seal |
| EP0125795A1 (en) * | 1983-04-14 | 1984-11-21 | BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company | Sealing assembly |
| WO1986006472A1 (en) * | 1985-05-01 | 1986-11-06 | American Telephone & Telegraph Company | Hermetic fiber seal |
| US4779788A (en) * | 1986-11-12 | 1988-10-25 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz A.G. | Hermetically sealed glass fiber bushing |
| EP0383511A2 (en) * | 1989-02-16 | 1990-08-22 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Hermetic gland for optical fibres |
| EP0608895B1 (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 2001-11-28 | Nec Corporation | Airtight seal structure of low melting point glass to be used in optical fiber guiding portion of optical device and method of airtight seal using low melting point glass |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Research disclosure vol. 315, no. 092, 10 July 1990 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999042880A1 (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-26 | Uniphase Telecommunications Products, Inc. | Optical fiber having hermetically sealable section |
| GB2375187A (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2002-11-06 | Schlumberger Holdings | Gasket sealed feedthrough of metal coated optic fibre |
| GB2375187B (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2003-07-30 | Schlumberger Holdings | Light paths for providing optical communication between first and second zones that are sealed from each other |
| US6959140B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2005-10-25 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Light path |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2310050B (en) | 1998-01-14 |
| GB9601276D0 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20000123 |