GB2302138A - Combined heat and power system - Google Patents
Combined heat and power system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2302138A GB2302138A GB9612302A GB9612302A GB2302138A GB 2302138 A GB2302138 A GB 2302138A GB 9612302 A GB9612302 A GB 9612302A GB 9612302 A GB9612302 A GB 9612302A GB 2302138 A GB2302138 A GB 2302138A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- power
- heat
- combined heat
- receiving
- data
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012550 audit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/04—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
- H02J3/06—Controlling transfer of power between connected networks; Controlling sharing of load between connected networks
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2220/00—Application
- F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05B2220/704—Application in combination with the other apparatus being a gas turbine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
- Y02P80/15—On-site combined power, heat or cool generation or distribution, e.g. combined heat and power [CHP] supply
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
A combined heat and power system comprises one or more prime movers 2, (eg. a gas turbine, a steam turbine, a reciprocating internal combustion engine, or a combination thereof), means 3, (e. boilers) for beneficial use of by-product heat, a data acquisition and storage system 4, comprising a first means for receiving and storing data associated with the energy demands placed upon the system and a second means for receiving and storing data associated with costs, and financial values of fuels and power, and a data processing system 5, capable of receiving and manipulating the data obtained from the data acquisition and storage system, to provide control instructions and commercial/billing information. The data acquisition and storage function may be managed by a computer system.
Description
COMBINED HEAT AND POWER SYSTEM
The present invention relates to a combined heat and power system optimised using a combination of energy efficiency and economic criteria.
Combined heat and power (CHP) may be defined as the simultaneous generation of motive power (often converted to electricity) with beneficial use of the by-product heat. From a commercial stand point it may be better described as a heat load which allows cost effective power generation. CHP systems may be based on prime movers such as steam turbines, gas turbines and internal combustion reciprocating engines. These can be used singly or in multiples of one type or in combination of types. Combined heat and power is highly energy efficient and offers the resulting benefits of reduced operating costs and improved environmental performance.
If energy efficiency was the only driving force behind the application of this technology most if not all CHP plants would be programmed to run continuously. The market price of electricity is not driven purely by energy efficiency and continuous operation at full power is not always the most economic solution. If CEP technology is to be more widely applied and the energy and environmental benefits achieved, a means must be found of maximising the economic as well as the energy performance of the plant.
We have developed a combined heat and power system which succeeds in combining energy and economic rules in its operating strategy.
According to the present invention there is provided a combined heat and power system for the production of power and by-product heat which comprises: (1) one or more prime movers, (2) means for beneficial use of the by-product heat, (3) a data acquisition and storage system comprising a first means for receiving
and storing data associated with the energy demands placed upon the system
and a second means for receiving and storing data associated with costs, and
values of fuels and power, and (4) a data processing system capable of receiving and manipulating the data
obtained from the data acquisition and storage system, to provide control
instructions and commercial/billing information.
The combined heat and power system of the present invention comprises a unique data processing system which provides the capability of optimising plant efficiency by responding to fluctuations in fuel and electricity costs and energy demands. The processing system has the capability, at chosen time intervals, to analyse the large volume of real-time supply, demand, cost and price data, making calculations and providing the system with information on when and how to run the
CHP plant. The processing system also has the capability of generating an invoice which has embedded in it the assumption of achievement of the optimised performance.
The combined heat and power system of the present invention comprises one ormore prime movers. Suitably, the prime mover may be a gas turbine, a steam turbine or a reciprocating internal combustion engine or a combination thereof. It is preferred that the prime mover is a gas turbine.
Where the prime mover is a gas turbine, it is preferred that associated with the prime mover there is a heat recovery system. The heat recovery system may be a boiler, a drying system, a process heater, an absorption chiller, a heat exchanger or a combination thereof.
The combined heat and power system of the present invention comprises a means for the beneficial use of the by-product heat. Suitably this means is a boiler, particulary where the prime mover is a gas turbine. Alternatively, the means may be the user of the heat, e.g. the unit requiring power for operation.
The combined heat and power system ofthe present invention comprises a data acquisition and storage system comprising a first means for receiving and storing data associated with the energy demands placed on the system and a second means for receiving and storing data associated with costs and values of fuel and power. The data acquisition and storage function is suitably managed by a computer system operated by appropriate computing software. The first receiving and storing means may suitably incorporate flow, power and temperature meters, electronic transmission and storage of data. Factors such as power demand can change significantly and at short notice. The data acquisition and storage system is provided with the capability of dealing with these short/long term variations.
The second means for receiving and storing data relating to costs and values of fuels and power associated with the data acquisition and storage system may also be a computer system operating appropriate computer software. The data are suitably obtained from commercial sources, e.g. contracts, covering the purchase or sale of fuels and/or power and entered into the system. Again factors such as power price can vary frequently and substantially. The data acquisition and storage system is provided with the capability of dealing with these short/long term variations.
The combined heat and power system of the present invention also requires a data processing system which is capable of receiving and manipulating the data obtained from the data acquisition and storage system. The data processing system suitably comprises one or more computers operating appropriate software. The processing system uses the data and information relating to the performance of the ClIP plant, which can vary both rapidly and independently, to determine the most cost effective operating regime considering the efficiency of the plant. The processing system is then able to provide information relating to how the plant should be operated, e.g. generator power output, and billing information for the utilities supplied.
A particular advantage of the data processing system is its ability to operate over a range of time periods, e.g. 30 minutes interval, currently used in the UK power supply industry. A further advantage is that whilst all the plant process data are retained within the system, the opportunity is provided to re-run the processing system routine which allows process audit and invoice generation off-line.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to
Figure 1 which is a diagrammatic illustration of the combined heat and power system.
Figure 1 illustrates a heat and power system (1) which comprises two gas turbines (2), each with associated waste heat recovery boilers (3). The turbines (2) and the boilers (3) are controlled by separate programmable logic controllers(not shown). The heat and power system (1) is linked to the data acquisition and storage system (4) and the data processing system (5) comprising one or more computers.
Data on heat and power demands are collected from the factory and passed to the data acquisition and storage system (4). Data concerning the fuel and power prices and values are passed to the data acquisition and storage system (4). Information concerning the performance of the CHP plant is input to the data processing system (5). The data processing system (5) outputs set points for CHP plant control and invoices for services provided.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the data acquisition and storage means (4) is by means of proprietary programmable logic controller (PLC) duplicated. The economic simulation, control and billing function is by means of a
Pentium PC. The power, cost and value data are acquired through a dedicated portable computer receiving information broadcasted by NGC. The portable computers use a combination of software packages and bespoke programming. The main elements of the software comprise Windows environment (Microsoft Ltd),
Wonderware In Touch Interface, Net DDE data interface and Excel spread sheet (Microsoft Ltd).
In use the control and optimisation system combines real time energy demand data, real time energy cost and value data and plant performance infòrmation in an economic simulation model to output both plant operating instructions and billing information for the energy supplied.
The economic simulation compares a substantial number of potential CHP plant operating regimes. For each regime it calculates the total cost of providing the energy supplied taking into account the energy demand patterns and energy costs and values for the metering period. The regime with the lowest operating cost. for the period is selected. The model also identifies the configuration required to produce this lowest operating cost and stores the control instructions. The plant is controlled according to this minimum operating cost regime and a bill is prepared based on the assumed achievement of that lowest operating cost.
Claims (6)
1. A combined heat and power system for the production of power and byproduct heat which comprises: (i) one or more prime movers (ii) means for beneficial use of the by-product heat (iii) a data acquisition and storage system comprising a first means for receiving and
storing data associated with the energy demands placed upon the system and a
second means for receiving and storing data associated with costs, and values
of fuels and power, and (iv) a data processing system capable of receiving and manipulating the data
obtained from the data acquisition and storage system, to provide control
instructions and commercial/billing information.
2. A combined heat and power system as claimed in claim 1 in which the prime mover is a gas turbine, a steam turbine or a reciprocating internal combustion engine or a combination thereof.
3. A combined heat and power system as claimed in claim 2 in which the prime mover is a gas turbine.
4. A combined heat and power system as claimed in claim 3 in which there is a heat recovery system in association with the gas turbine.
5. A combined heat and power system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 in which the means for beneficial use of the by-product heat is a boiler.
6. A combined heat and power system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 in which the data acquisition and storage function is managed by a computer system.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9512006.9A GB9512006D0 (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1995-06-13 | Combined heat and power system |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9612302D0 GB9612302D0 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
| GB2302138A true GB2302138A (en) | 1997-01-08 |
| GB2302138B GB2302138B (en) | 1998-12-23 |
Family
ID=10775999
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9512006.9A Pending GB9512006D0 (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1995-06-13 | Combined heat and power system |
| GB9612302A Expired - Fee Related GB2302138B (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1996-06-12 | Combined heat and power system |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB9512006.9A Pending GB9512006D0 (en) | 1995-06-13 | 1995-06-13 | Combined heat and power system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB9512006D0 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002020950A1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-03-14 | General Electric Company | System and method for providing efficiency and cost analysis for a power generation unit |
| GB2454671A (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-20 | Ec Power As | Method and apparatus for providing heat and power |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2152591A (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-08-07 | Gen Electric | Steam turbine-generator thermal performance monitor |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5347466A (en) * | 1991-07-15 | 1994-09-13 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Method and apparatus for power plant simulation and optimization |
-
1995
- 1995-06-13 GB GBGB9512006.9A patent/GB9512006D0/en active Pending
-
1996
- 1996-06-12 GB GB9612302A patent/GB2302138B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2152591A (en) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-08-07 | Gen Electric | Steam turbine-generator thermal performance monitor |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002020950A1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-03-14 | General Electric Company | System and method for providing efficiency and cost analysis for a power generation unit |
| CZ299183B6 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2008-05-14 | General Electric Company | Method for providing efficiency and cost analysis for a power generation unit and system for making the same |
| KR100836977B1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2008-06-10 | 제너럴 일렉트릭 캄파니 | Efficiency and cost analysis methods and systems, computer readable media |
| GB2454671A (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2009-05-20 | Ec Power As | Method and apparatus for providing heat and power |
| GB2454671B (en) * | 2007-11-13 | 2013-03-27 | Ec Power As | Method and apparatus for providing heat and power |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9612302D0 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
| GB9512006D0 (en) | 1995-08-09 |
| GB2302138B (en) | 1998-12-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20100612 |