GB2368840A - Lime putty based grouting composition - Google Patents
Lime putty based grouting composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2368840A GB2368840A GB0026767A GB0026767A GB2368840A GB 2368840 A GB2368840 A GB 2368840A GB 0026767 A GB0026767 A GB 0026767A GB 0026767 A GB0026767 A GB 0026767A GB 2368840 A GB2368840 A GB 2368840A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- gum
- mortar according
- mixture
- mortar
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000591 gum Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002310 Welan gum Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 succinoglycan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000303965 Cyamopsis psoralioides Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000569 Gum karaya Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- HDSBZMRLPLPFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol alginate Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(C(O)=O)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(C)C(C(=O)OCC(C)O)O1 HDSBZMRLPLPFLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000934878 Sterculia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010494 karaya gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000231 karaya gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940039371 karaya gum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010409 propane-1,2-diol alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000770 propane-1,2-diol alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013521 mastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002148 Gellan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KSQXVLVXUFHGJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium ortho-phenylphenate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 KSQXVLVXUFHGJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010492 gellan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011396 hydraulic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009655 industrial fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940034610 toothpaste Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000606 toothpaste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/90—Electrical properties
- C04B2111/94—Electrically conducting materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A mixture of lime putty (at least 75%), water (at least 20% by weight) and a polymeric gel forming material (at least 0.1%) provides an ideal mortar for supplying in cartridges and application by a gun. The polymeric material is suitably a polysaccharide or gum such as agar, alginates, carrageenan, furcellaran, guar, gum, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, karaya gum, locust bean gum, pectin, dextran, Gallen gum, rhamsan gum , welan gum, xanthan gum, succinoglycan, carboxymethylcellulose, methyl hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, propylene glycol alginate, hydroxypropyl guar or modified starches. Preferably, the formulation also includes sodium chloride, and a biocide such as sodium benzoate or sodium phenyl pentoxide.
Description
Conductive Grouting Mortar
This invention concerns conductive grouting mortar.
Current electro-osmotic damp proofing systems consist of a series of anodes which are electrically connected to each other and are set in spaced apart holes drilled into masonry at various depths depending upon the wall thickness, e. g about 75mm in 100mm walls but up to 600mm in very thick stone walls. The anodes need to be held in place in order that they cannot be inadvertently removed by, for example, other trades people. More important is the requirement that there should be continuous electrical conductivity from each anode to the surrounding masonry over the full depth of the hole. In this respect, there is often concern that this may not be being reliably achieved under actual site conditions.
Traditionally the fixing in of these anodes has been achieved using a cementitious mix of
Portland cement and water with or without aggregate. This is mixed, on site, to provide a thin slurry and injected by various methods into the holes in which the anodes have been placed. This slurry tends to settle and to block tubing used to inject it into the back of the holes. It is also common for such a slurry to drain away into gaps in loose stone infill in the middle of walls.
To overcome the problems of using cement slurries, a semi-dry mix of cementitious material and aggregate may alternatively be used, such a mix being rammed into the holes in which the anodes have been placed by means of a suitable size steel rod. This technique, however, requires that larger size holes are drilled, say up to 20mm diameter. This is time consuming and can be damaging to weak walls already affected by raising damp.
An object of this invention is to provide a premixed mortar material which could be supplied in cartridges (e. g mastic type cartridges) enabling easy application using a standard commercially available applicator, often known as a"gun", into relatively small diameter holes, typically 14mm, and up to the maximum depths required, e. g up to 600mm.
Portland cement, or any other hydraulic cement mixture, cannot be used for this purpose as the addition of water will cause the mixture to set. There is however a readily available material which sets by reaction with carbon dioxide in the air. This is calcium hydroxide commonly known as"lime", which is available commercially in a number of forms. A standard admixture of lime and water, referred to as"lime putty"is available from suppliers such as Masons Mortar of Edinburgh or Bleaklow Industries Limited of Bakewell, Derbyshire. It is a very stiff material that cannot easily be applied using a standard gun. However the addition of water to create a more fluid composition is not practical because separation of the additional water occurs upon storage.
According to the invention, a conductive grouting mortar is proposed which comprises a mixture of lime putty, a substantial amount of additional water and a polymeric material having a three dimensional structure capable of holding the water within the mixture and also beneficially improving the flow properties of the mixture so that it is typically of toothpaste like consistency.
The properties of this mixture are such that its setting action is quite slow. The natural viscosity of the material will hold the anodes in place in the holes prior to the development of the chemical carbonation process. As the water is removed, initially most likely by absorption into the masonry, the rate of reaction with atmospheric carbon dioxide can be expected to increase. Once the outer 5-10 mm has set the installation can be regarded as secure and effective.
The grout of the invention can be supplied in mastic cartridges (400cc) and injected into holes, typically of 14mm diameter using a standard skeleton gun. It is desirable to use an extension nozzle to ensure complete filling of each hole. Such a nozzle is a lOmmOD rigid plastic tube of any required length up to 600mm and sealed into the standard cartridge nozzle.
The polymeric material in the grout mixture of the invention may be selected from a variety of available polymeric gel forming materials of natural and synthetic origin. The material selected needs to be stable under the alkaline condition of the mixture and to provide good long-term stability of the lime/water mixture.
The polymeric material may be a polysaccharide or gum or a derivative of these materials that can be obtained from botanical sources or by an industrial fermentation process. Commercially available polysaccharides and derivatives are: from marine plants-agar, alginates, carrageenan, furcellaran; from terrestrial plants-gar gum, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, karaya gum, locust bean gum, pectin; from micro-organisms-dextran, gellan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, xanthan gum, succinoglycan, microfibrous cellulose (Cellulon); polysaccharide derivatives-carboxymethylcellulose, methyl hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, propylene glycol alginate, hydroxypropyl guar, modified starches.
A preferred polymer for use in the grout mixture of the invention is Welan gum, a fermentation polysaccharide. This is stable in the presence of calcium ions and under high pH conditions.
Since the grout mixture of the invention is likely to be stored for long periods before use, a broad spectrum biocide is preferably included in the mixture to control development of mould and bacteria that would affect appearance, create a smell and possibly affect the gel forming agent.
The biocide selected will need to be stable and effective at the high pH and high calcium ion concentration of the grout. Suitable biocides may be sodium benzoate or sodium 2-phenyl phenoxide, but others may also prove suitable.
The damp proofing system for which the grout of the invention has been devised depends on electrical conductivity and this is ensured by using a material (i. e lime) which is typical of mortars used for the original construction of older buildings. Additionally a very small quantity of salt (sodium chloride) may be included along with the polymer material. However this latter is not strictly necessary to achieve the required conductivity.
A specific practical example of a grouting mortar in accordance with the invention and its manner of preparation in a small batch production is as follows:
Ingredients: Weight % by Weight
Lime Putty 6.8 KG 77.13
Welan Gum (KELCO-CRETE KIC376) 14gm 0.16
Sodium chloride 2gm 0.02
Water 2. 0kg (i. e 2 litres) 22.69
The Welan Gum is available from Kelco Biopolymers, a division of Monsanto Company, with sales offices in Tadworth (Surrey), San Diego, Hamburg, Paris, Singapore and Tokyo.
Firstly the sodium chloride (2gm) is added to the 2 litres of clean water and mixed with a high speed stirrer. Then approximately 2gm portions of the Welan gum are successively added thereto. When each portion has fully dispersed further 2gm amounts are added up to 14gm in all. The mixture is then stirred for 10 minutes.
500ml of this Welan gum dispersion is added to the 6.8kg of lime putty and stirred at slow speed using a spiral mixer (approx. 1-300rpm). When this is fully incorporated further 500ml lots of
Welan gum dispersion is added until the entire amount is used.
During the final stage of the mixing process a broad-spectrum biocide is added. Mixing is complete when the mixture is of smooth consistency with no free water visible.
The mixture is then loaded into plastic 400cc cartridges. These should be stored in frost-free conditions. The storage life is probably up to six months.
Claims (10)
- Claims 1. A conductive grouting mortar comprising a mixture which includes lime putty, water and a polymeric gel forming material.
- 2. A mortar according to claim 1 wherein the mixture contains at least 20% by weight water.
- 3. A mortar according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the mixture contains at least 75% by weight lime putty.
- 4. A mortar according to claim 1,2 or 3 wherein the mixture contains at least 0. 1% by weight of polymeric gel forming material.
- 5. A mortar according to any preceding claim and further including sodium chloride.
- 6. A mortar according to any preceding claim and further including a biocide.
- 7. A mortar according to claim 8 wherein the biocide comprises sodium benzoate or sodium phenyl pentoxide.
- 8. A conductive grouting mortar consisting of only lime putty, water, sodium chloride and a polymeric gel forming material.
- 9. A mortar according to any preceding claim wherein the polymeric material comprises a polysaccharide or a gum or a derivative of either of these materials, or a mixture of any of these.
- 10. A mortar according to any preceding claim wherein the polymeric material consists of or includes any of the following: agar, alginates, carrageenan, furcellaran, guar gum, gum arabic, gum tragacanth, karaya gum, locust bean gum, pectin, dextran, Gallen gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, xanthan gum, succinoglycan, micro fibrous cellulose (Cellulon), carboxymethylcellulose, methyl hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, propylene glycol alginate, hydroxypropyl guar, modified starches.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0026767A GB2368840A (en) | 2000-11-02 | 2000-11-02 | Lime putty based grouting composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0026767A GB2368840A (en) | 2000-11-02 | 2000-11-02 | Lime putty based grouting composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0026767D0 GB0026767D0 (en) | 2000-12-20 |
| GB2368840A true GB2368840A (en) | 2002-05-15 |
Family
ID=9902404
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0026767A Withdrawn GB2368840A (en) | 2000-11-02 | 2000-11-02 | Lime putty based grouting composition |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2368840A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007039768A3 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-09-27 | Gareth Glass | Sacrificial anode and backfill |
| EP1559695A4 (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2008-10-01 | Murakashi Lime Ind | Lime-based coating material compositions |
| US8002964B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2011-08-23 | Gareth Kevin Glass | Sacrificial anode and backfill |
| CN103450732A (en) * | 2013-08-18 | 2013-12-18 | 邹建波 | Natural vegetable glue putty |
| US8926802B2 (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2015-01-06 | Gareth Kevin Glass | Sacrificial anode assembly |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB849992A (en) * | 1957-12-18 | 1960-09-28 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | A method of manufacturing building elements |
| GB1015238A (en) * | 1963-11-22 | 1965-12-31 | Sandtex Ltd | Thin-wall plaster |
| GB1097702A (en) * | 1964-03-21 | 1968-01-03 | Dyckerhoff Zementwerke Ag | Mortar for jointing |
| JPS6016855A (en) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-01-28 | 山根 民男 | Plaster composition |
| SU1689344A1 (en) * | 1988-04-04 | 1991-11-07 | Республиканский Межхозяйственный Проектно-Технологический Трест "Оргагрострой" | Method of making compound for protective and decorative finishing of concrete surfaces |
| US5372642A (en) * | 1992-06-06 | 1994-12-13 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Use of carboxymethylated methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ethers or methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ethers |
| US5395930A (en) * | 1992-06-06 | 1995-03-07 | Hoechst Ag | Alkyl hydroxyalkyl cellulose ethers containing sulfoalkyl substituents |
| DE19813304C1 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-04-22 | Frank Ewering | Base material for plaster, floor screed, coating materials, etc. |
-
2000
- 2000-11-02 GB GB0026767A patent/GB2368840A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB849992A (en) * | 1957-12-18 | 1960-09-28 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | A method of manufacturing building elements |
| GB1015238A (en) * | 1963-11-22 | 1965-12-31 | Sandtex Ltd | Thin-wall plaster |
| GB1097702A (en) * | 1964-03-21 | 1968-01-03 | Dyckerhoff Zementwerke Ag | Mortar for jointing |
| JPS6016855A (en) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-01-28 | 山根 民男 | Plaster composition |
| SU1689344A1 (en) * | 1988-04-04 | 1991-11-07 | Республиканский Межхозяйственный Проектно-Технологический Трест "Оргагрострой" | Method of making compound for protective and decorative finishing of concrete surfaces |
| US5372642A (en) * | 1992-06-06 | 1994-12-13 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Use of carboxymethylated methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ethers or methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ethers |
| US5395930A (en) * | 1992-06-06 | 1995-03-07 | Hoechst Ag | Alkyl hydroxyalkyl cellulose ethers containing sulfoalkyl substituents |
| DE19813304C1 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 1999-04-22 | Frank Ewering | Base material for plaster, floor screed, coating materials, etc. |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| WPI ABSTRACT, Accession No. 1985-059656 & JP-A-60 016855 * |
| WPI ABSTRACT, Accession No. 1992-322484 & SU-A1-1689344 * |
| WPI ABSTRACT, Accession No. 1999-230636 & DE-C1-19813304 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1559695A4 (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2008-10-01 | Murakashi Lime Ind | Lime-based coating material compositions |
| WO2007039768A3 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-09-27 | Gareth Glass | Sacrificial anode and backfill |
| US8002964B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2011-08-23 | Gareth Kevin Glass | Sacrificial anode and backfill |
| AU2006298558B2 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2011-10-13 | E-Chem Technologies Ltd | Sacrificial anode and backfill |
| US8337677B2 (en) | 2005-10-04 | 2012-12-25 | Gareth Glass | Sacrificial anode and backfill |
| US8926802B2 (en) | 2010-11-08 | 2015-01-06 | Gareth Kevin Glass | Sacrificial anode assembly |
| CN103450732A (en) * | 2013-08-18 | 2013-12-18 | 邹建波 | Natural vegetable glue putty |
| CN103450732B (en) * | 2013-08-18 | 2015-10-21 | 邹建波 | A kind of Natural vegetable glue putty |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0026767D0 (en) | 2000-12-20 |
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