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GB2365112A - Flat panel lighting device - Google Patents

Flat panel lighting device Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2365112A
GB2365112A GB0117405A GB0117405A GB2365112A GB 2365112 A GB2365112 A GB 2365112A GB 0117405 A GB0117405 A GB 0117405A GB 0117405 A GB0117405 A GB 0117405A GB 2365112 A GB2365112 A GB 2365112A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
sources
plate
lighting device
transparent
array
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB0117405A
Other versions
GB0117405D0 (en
Inventor
Claudia Bigliati
Daniele Pullini
Piermario Repetto
Sabino Sinesi
Piero Perlo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
Original Assignee
Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA filed Critical Centro Ricerche Fiat SCpA
Publication of GB0117405D0 publication Critical patent/GB0117405D0/en
Publication of GB2365112A publication Critical patent/GB2365112A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/002—Refractors for light sources using microoptical elements for redirecting or diffusing light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F21S41/145—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being opposite to the main emission direction of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/16—Laser light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/334—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors
    • F21S41/336—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors with discontinuity at the junction between adjacent areas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/40—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the combination of reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2109/00—Light sources with light-generating elements disposed on transparent or translucent supports or substrates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/30—Semiconductor lasers
    • H10W72/884—
    • H10W74/00—

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Abstract

A flat panel lighting device 1 comprises: a plate of transparent material 2, on which is applied an array of electroluminescent point sources 3 (such as LEDs, quantum wells or laser diodes); a second plate 7 which collimates light from the sources 3; an electrically and thermally conductive layer 4 (which may be transparent) connecting first electrodes of sources 3; and a second conductive layer (6, fig. 2) connecting second electrodes of sources 3. The collimating means 7 may be an array of microprojections with a reflective layer (8, fig.3), refractive microlenses, or a diffraction grating.

Description

2365112 A LIGHTING DEVICE
Background to the Invention
The present invention relates to a fighting device suitable for use as a headlight or lamp for motor vehicles.
In recent years, the Applicant has developed lighting devices that can be used, in particular, as headlights or lamps for motor vehicles which are characterized by extremely small dimensions and a high efficiency. European patent No. 766, 115 in the name of the present applicant relates to a solution of this type, in which a vehicle headlight simply assumes the shape of a relatively thin plate of synthetic material to which one or more light sources are associated.
Recently there have also become available new technologies in the field of light is sources, with particular regard to electroluminescent point sources, for instance of the type referred to as 'White light-emitting diodes" or 'White LEDsl, of the so-called Uquantum-well laser"type, "diode lasee'type, or "quantum dot"type (see, for example, Hummel & Guenther, "Thin films for optical coatings", Vol. 1, C. R.C. Press; Sugano & Koizumi, "Microcluster Physics", Springer; Arai, Mihama, Yamamoto & Sugano, 'Wesoscopic materials and clustee', Kodansha Springer; Jacak, Hawrylak & Woys, "Quantum dots, Springer; W. Ekardt, 'Wetal clustee', Wiley; and B. Hanison, Muantum wells, wires and dots", Wiley). These devices, however, have not yet been used to date in a fully satisfactory way, on account of their relatively low efficiency in terms of percentage of light energy produced that can be extracted outwards and in that, in addition, LEDs give rise to problems of heat dissipation.
Summary of the Invention
According to the present invention, a lighting device comprises:
a plate of transparent material; an array of electroluminescent point sources applied on one face of the transparent plate and each having a pair of electrodes; a layer of electrically conductive material set between the sources and said first face of the transparent plate, for connection to ground of a first electrode of each 1 source, said layer of conductive material being moreover designed to dissipate by conduction at least part of the heat generated by the sources; a second conductive layer applied on the first face of the transparent plate and insulated from the first layer, said second conductive layer being connected in parallel to the electrodes of the sources opposite to those connected to the first layer; and, a second plate set on the side of the sources opposite to the first plate, which defines means for collimating the light rays emitted by the source.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the collimation means consist of an array of reflecting microprojections, each of which is associated to a point light source.
Preferably, the second plate is a moulded plate of plastic material having the aforesaid microprojections, which are provided with a reflective coating and have a paraboloidal profile or a profile of any other simple or complex geometrical shape, or even a segmented profile.
is The conductive layers are connected to the electrodes of the sources in the form of chips using technologies of a wire-bonding type. The said conductive layers can be made, for example, of metal in order to obtain also good heat dissipation characteristics.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Examples of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the present invention; Figure 2 is a sectional view along the plane indicated by the line 11-11 of Figure Figure 3 illustrates, on an enlarged scale, a detail of Figure 1; Figure 4 illustrates a variant of Figure 3; and, Figures 5, 5A, 6, and 7 illustrate two further variants.
Detailed Description
With reference to Figure 1, the number 1 designates, as a whole, a lighting device which may be used, for example, as a headlight of a motor vehicle. The device 1 2 basically has the shape of a relatively thin plate. It comprises a first plate 2, of transparent material, for example glass or a synthetic material, such as PET, PMMA, APEC, or LEXAN. In the latter case, the plate 2 may also be made having a certain degree of flexibility so that it can be mounted on the bodywork of a motor vehicle, adapting to the curvature of the bodywork. The plate 2 has a face 2a which faces outwards, and an opposite face 213 on which there is applied an array of electroluminescent point sources 3, for example made up of LED chips 3. The typical size of each LED 3 is in the region of 200-300 pm.
The plate 2 can have a thickness of between 1 mm and 5 cm.
Each LED 3 has, in a way of itself known, a pair of power-supply electrodes. Between the LEDs 3 and the face 2b of the plate 2 is set a layer of electrically conductive material 4 (see also Figure 2), for example aluminium or silver, which also has the is function of dissipating at least part of the heat generated by the sources 3.
Alternatively, it is possible to use a transparent conductive material, such as indium tin oxide (ITO). The opposite electrodes of the LEDs 3 are connected in parallel by means of links 5 to a second conductive layer 6, which is also applied on the surface of the plate 2.
On the side of the sources 3 that is opposite to the plate 2 is set a second plate 7, for example made of moulded plastic material, provided with means for collimation of the light rays emitted by the sources 3, the said means, in the example illustrated, taking the form of an array of microprojections 7, each of which is associated to a source 3 and is provided with a reflective coating 8. The microprojections 7 can have a paraboloidal profile or any other simple or complex geometrical profile, or even a segmented profile. As may be seen in Figure 3, the light rays emitted by each source 3 are directed towards the reflecting surface 8, which bounces them back outwards in a collimated beam or with a pre-determined convergence. According to a further characteristic, the outer surface 2a of the plate 2 can have an array of diffractive or refractive microprojections 9 to obtain at output a light beam having the desired characteristics.
3 Preferably, the plate 7 is made of the same transparent plastic material as the plate 2 or has an index of refraction equal to that of the plate 2.
Figure 4 illustrates, instead, a variant in which the plate 7 has a plurality of concave lenses, one for each light source, with a reflective coating on the surface. The plates 2 and 7 are set side by side or are bonded together by means of an adhesive so as to leave a gap 10 between the sources 3 and the plate 7. If the device is produced in a vacuum or in an inert atmosphere, this condition is preserved in the gap 10.
Thanks to the characteristics described above, the lighting device according to the invention is characterized by extremely small dimensions which render its use for making headlights or lamps for motor vehicles extremely interesting. In addition, the device according to the invention presents a high efficiency thanks to the possibility of directing outwards one prevalent part of the light produced by the is electroluminescent point sources. At the same time, the problem of dissipation of the heat generated by said sources is solved thanks to the pre-arrangement of the conductive layers connected to the electrodes of the sources.
The present invention may be implemented as an electronic card for control of the chip, LED, quantum-well, quantum-dot, or SIVID sources, using photolithographic and LIGA technologies. A thin film of glass, PET, PMMA, LEXAN, or polycarbonate can be used as sub-layer for deposition of the part produced using photolithography or electrodeposition of conductive matehal or]TO. Using the same technology it is possible to make chips of conductive metal for the additional purpose of dissipating the heat generated by the source. On bases of this sort it is possible to solder the aforesaid components, using standard die-bonding techniques (with conductive epoxy resins) and wire-bonding techniques (ultrasound) The micro-optics for a device of this kind can be obtained also by vacuum moulding according to what is illustrated in Figure 5 (Figure 5A illustrates a detail of Figure 5 at an enlarged scale).
In an alternative arrangement, the sources referred to above can be embedded (by injection moulding) either in the plastic material or in the epoxy material, already 4 1 referred to, which constitutes the micro-optics, and can be supplied directly by means of simple wires of variable section, which are also embedded in the plastic material, as illustrated in Figure 6.
The individual unit corresponding to each individual source can be connected to other similar cells by means of sheaths of thin plastic material (MYLA R) 20 in order to make an extended headlight or lamp which is flexible at the joints, according to what is illustrated in Figure 7.

Claims (10)

1. Alighting device, in particular a headlight or lamp for motor vehicles, comprising:
a plate of transparent material; an array of electroluminescent point sources, applied on one face of the transparent plate and each source having a pair of electrodes; a first layer of transparent electrically conductive material set between the sources and said first face of the transparent plate, for connection to ground of a first electrode of each source said layer being moreover designed to dissipate by conduction at least part of the heat generated by the sources; a second conductive layer applied on the first face of the transparent plate and insulated from the first layer, said second conductive layer being connected in parallel to the second electrodes of the aforesaid sources; and, a second plate set on the side of the sources opposite to the first plate which defines is means for collimating the light rays emitted by the sources.
2. A lighting device according to claim 1, in which said collimation means compdse an array of reflecting microprojections, each of which is associated to a fight source and each of which is provided with a reflective coating. 20
3. A lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the second plate is a moulded plate of plastic matedal with reflecting microprojections, each of which has a paraboloidal profile or a profile of any other simple or complex geometdcal shape, or even a segmented profile. 25
4. A lighting device according to claim 2 or 3, in which the reflecting microprojections are made of a plastic material which is the same as that of the plate of transparent material.
5. A lighting device according to any preceding claim, in which the conductive layers are made of aluminium or silver.
6 6. A lighting device according to any preceding claim, in which the second face of said first plate has an array of diffractive or refractive microlenses, or a diffraction grating.
7. A lighting device according to any preceding claim, in which the second plate has a plurality of concave surfaces with reflective coating.
8. A lighting device according to any preceding claim, in which the electroluminescent point sources are chosen from a group consisting of LED sources, 10 quantum-well laser sources, laser-diode sources, and quantum-dot sources.
9. A lighting device according to any preceding claim, in which the electroluminescent point sources are SIVID type devices.
is
10. A lighting device substantially as shown in andlor described with reference to any of Figures 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings.
7
GB0117405A 2000-07-21 2001-07-17 Flat panel lighting device Withdrawn GB2365112A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2000TO000720 IT1320547B1 (en) 2000-07-21 2000-07-21 LIGHTING DEVICE, PARTICULARLY PROJECTOR OR VEHICLE LIGHT WITH DIE DISTRIBUTION OF LIGHT SOURCES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB0117405D0 GB0117405D0 (en) 2001-09-05
GB2365112A true GB2365112A (en) 2002-02-13

Family

ID=11457934

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB0117405A Withdrawn GB2365112A (en) 2000-07-21 2001-07-17 Flat panel lighting device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
DE (1) DE10133869B4 (en)
FR (1) FR2812071B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2365112A (en)
IT (1) IT1320547B1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005025214A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2006-08-24 Schmitz Gotha Fahrzeugwerke Gmbh Motor vehicle e.g. heavy goods vehicle, external lighting, has electronic light sources and electrical conductors, which are encased by casting, which is made of casting compound, where the casting is free from cavities
WO2006105646A1 (en) * 2005-04-06 2006-10-12 Tir Systems Ltd. Lighting module with compact colour mixing and collimating optics
WO2008044170A3 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-06-12 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Thin illumination device, display device and luminary device
US20130021775A1 (en) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 Guardian Industries Corp. Heat management subsystems for led lighting systems, led lighting systems including heat management subsystems, and/or methods of making the same
TWI394271B (en) * 2004-08-06 2013-04-21 皇家飛利浦電子股份有限公司 LED light system
US10247377B2 (en) 2014-11-13 2019-04-02 Audi Ag Headlight for a motor vehicle

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KR20050044894A (en) * 2002-07-16 2005-05-13 쉐프네커 비젼 시스템즈 유에스에이 인코포레이티드 White led headlight
DE20303317U1 (en) 2003-02-28 2003-06-12 Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH, 93049 Regensburg Lamp
DE102004010471A1 (en) * 2004-03-04 2005-09-22 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Lighting equipment for use as rear light in motor vehicle, has optical medium made of partially transparent material, and including regions that exhibit form of cylinder or paraboloid, such that regions have refractive index gradients
DE102004060476A1 (en) * 2004-12-16 2006-07-06 Hella Kgaa Hueck & Co. Headlights for vehicles
EP2061993A2 (en) * 2006-08-31 2009-05-27 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Door for a cold storage device such as a refrigerator or freezer
EP1947693B1 (en) * 2007-01-18 2015-03-25 Polytron Technologies, Inc. Plane structure of light-emitting diode lighting apparatus
WO2008114200A1 (en) * 2007-03-22 2008-09-25 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Flexible light source
DE102007055480B3 (en) 2007-11-21 2009-08-13 Audi Ag Lighting device of a vehicle
CN202905786U (en) * 2008-12-19 2013-04-24 3M创新有限公司 Light emitting assembly
USD744155S1 (en) * 2014-05-28 2015-11-24 Osram Sylvania Inc. Lens
DE102015200131A1 (en) 2015-01-08 2016-07-14 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method and driver assistance system for assisting a driver of a vehicle
FR3069207A1 (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-25 Psa Automobiles Sa ILLUMINATING DEVICE HAVING A TRANSPARENT MATERIAL INTEGRATING LIGHTING MEANS PROVIDING A PHOTOMETRIC FUNCTION
FR3141230B1 (en) * 2022-10-25 2025-01-10 Valeo Vision Optical device for a luminous signaling device
KR20240102652A (en) 2022-12-26 2024-07-03 현대모비스 주식회사 Lamp

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI394271B (en) * 2004-08-06 2013-04-21 皇家飛利浦電子股份有限公司 LED light system
DE102005025214A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2006-08-24 Schmitz Gotha Fahrzeugwerke Gmbh Motor vehicle e.g. heavy goods vehicle, external lighting, has electronic light sources and electrical conductors, which are encased by casting, which is made of casting compound, where the casting is free from cavities
WO2006105646A1 (en) * 2005-04-06 2006-10-12 Tir Systems Ltd. Lighting module with compact colour mixing and collimating optics
WO2008044170A3 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-06-12 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Thin illumination device, display device and luminary device
US8251529B2 (en) 2006-10-10 2012-08-28 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Thin illumination device, display device and luminary device
CN101523109B (en) * 2006-10-10 2013-08-21 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 Thin lighting, display and light emitter devices
US20130021775A1 (en) * 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 Guardian Industries Corp. Heat management subsystems for led lighting systems, led lighting systems including heat management subsystems, and/or methods of making the same
US9845943B2 (en) * 2011-07-22 2017-12-19 Guardian Glass, LLC Heat management subsystems for LED lighting systems, LED lighting systems including heat management subsystems, and/or methods of making the same
US10247377B2 (en) 2014-11-13 2019-04-02 Audi Ag Headlight for a motor vehicle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0117405D0 (en) 2001-09-05
DE10133869B4 (en) 2010-04-08
ITTO20000720A1 (en) 2002-01-21
FR2812071A1 (en) 2002-01-25
DE10133869A1 (en) 2002-02-21
FR2812071B1 (en) 2005-09-30
ITTO20000720A0 (en) 2000-07-21
IT1320547B1 (en) 2003-12-10

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