GB2362643A - Production of "green" cement - Google Patents
Production of "green" cement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2362643A GB2362643A GB0012952A GB0012952A GB2362643A GB 2362643 A GB2362643 A GB 2362643A GB 0012952 A GB0012952 A GB 0012952A GB 0012952 A GB0012952 A GB 0012952A GB 2362643 A GB2362643 A GB 2362643A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- waste
- sludge ash
- waste paper
- paper sludge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 hydroxyl ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000370685 Arge Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000905957 Channa melasoma Species 0.000 description 1
- 101000617550 Dictyostelium discoideum Presenilin-A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001527806 Iti Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001024099 Olla Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000265 cromoglicic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IMZMKUWMOSJXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cromoglycic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)=CC(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2OCC(O)COC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C(O)=O)O2 IMZMKUWMOSJXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052914 metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/345—Hydraulic cements not provided for in one of the groups C04B7/02 - C04B7/34
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/021—Ash cements, e.g. fly ash cements ; Cements based on incineration residues, e.g. alkali-activated slags from waste incineration ; Kiln dust cements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A hydratable cementitious composition is formed from a mixture of waste paper sludge ash and waste glass. Preferably the raw material mixture comprises 60-70 weight percent waste paper sludge ash and 30-40 weight percent waste glass. Optimum reactivity and performance are achieved when the raw materials (waste paper sludge ash and waste glass) are ground to a fine powder with particle size distribution in the range of 5-60 microns.
Description
" CEMENT PRODUCTION OF 'GREE'!'v
FIELD OF TITE INVENTIO'J
2362643 -r&Lie present iii,,.-eiitl;on relates t c, rfietliods 0 f producing 'green' or environmental cement using waste paper sludge ash and waste glass. The cii iroi-ia.intal cement lis f or use i n the industry, for example, to produce cementitious materials, such as mortar and conerete.
BACKGROUND
Portland --.E>i,-ient has been widely used in the construction indutry to produce cementitious materials for several decades. Howevere, ---ementitious materials prepared using Portland cement. have been "rom various forms of deterioration, subsequently observed to suffer. leading to failure in certain harsh or aggressive environments. For instance, Portland cement products are known to suffer from sulphate attack- leading to deterioration and subsequently failure in the presence of sulphates and humidity.
Furthermore, the production of Pu rt 1 and cement causes substantial damage to the environment due to emission or release of green house gases such as carbon dioxide. The process of Portland cement production also consume high quantities of energy. In adddition, the quarrying oil the raw materials used in the production of Portland cement also contribute significantly to the damage caused to the ---liv i ronment, Increase in environmental awareness over the past decade has resulted in increased legislations on the management of wastes and also in L L L increased control on the emission levels of green house gases. es are depleting at a fast rate. In addition, the increase increasing ressitance from 1 sites near their back yard the waste producers to find result, waste minimisation by Landfill sit i n.1 andif i A' 1 c c I Irm I I I I i t i. e S has further - It e'rnat ive rec.veling or costs t a x) together w i th to allow location of landfil increase the pressure on methods of disposal. As a.
re-used is now highly encouraged through out the world.
1 lhe application of waste materials such as ground granulated blastfurnace slag and fly ash as partial pozzolanic replacement of Portland cement has been widley used in cement and concrete technology over the past decade. This technique has resulted in a reduction in the quantity of Portland cement used in construction practice. This -he damage cause to tlie environment approach has been shown to reduce t and also the cost of construction, since Portland cement is the most expensive constituent of (-.,.onerete or mortar. However, Portland cement r,l-.,iiains a major constituent. of the cementitious material containing these partial pozzolanic replacement materials. It would therfor.c. be of great economic and environmental benefit to develope an alternative.ementitious material to Portland cement solely from waste materials.
Thus the principal aim of the currciit i nvent i on is to develope an environmentally friendly or 'green' cementitious material from wastes m Li L ,a'ei--'als, ior use in the construction industry, for example, to oduce or concrete. The method provided by this invent ion (W A Tasong) 1 ---em does riot suffer from sulphate ent i 1 iOllis material which allso se,,,,ei,al times more resistant to other noterious tau,k siicti as frost attack, corrosion, etc, as is the case and cellicilt. Herice the c eme n t. it io us mate. r i a 1 prepared c) th i S i liv e il t i oil i S s u i t ab 1 e f or- application in various eii,:ii,olirii(,,rit.s such as p r 1 cl e s a a t t a e. h a,, i cl. 1, ', j. at,,,, 1 '. 11 1, 0 r. 1 - 1 chemically 11 i gh sulphate, freezing 1 L. r a It. U re S, etc, W1-, i ell Port land e e lrl c n t, has been shown to be unsuitable. In addit _Jon the iriethods provided by the present invention has its Which ilivulve avoiding the use of large or release of green house gases Portland cement. The production of -g.. consumption. Hence, beside enei provided b y 'I h i S invention also (If quarried Material associated with the production of 41'ui.t,larid cement. also requires higi cost, the savings in c 1152 fil ( t 1 i cj d The p,loc.e-,s of pa p e i. i Invo 1 v c S t, ll c., c x t r a et i.j i i o L' - e 11 u.1Lj s c ibres f-roill wa.ste paper, materia.l. 1 arge quantities of waste paper S 1 lidge- -:c)iis i st J1 ng u f a su.,,ipc.iis i oil of the inorgarlic coat ing:s f rom Lhe .;as4e pap,-ip.11 us res idua 11 f ibres and i nk are produce as, of -he s Itidge, 8 i 1-1 (-., 1 lic 1. a.. ed 11 f 1 ul i d i s e, d s y s t. .. fri a t h i s p f 0 S S, -11 - . ---1 1 - - ill of 800 degree. C te) break down any dioxins. The ' '.' i 1_) i - 1 - a 1 lu r e- 's 1 1 111 P C "I have, ill the past, generall- ui ', i ii., wastc, pap I- 's ludg -, a sh it! (.- 1 C j a . 1. 1 1 -- A k_ J use ur- value, which is dtmped 1 U S t C ma t it i a a nd S 1 - ' he cii-x irot men' and J1 111k CUst both 1 kJ LI of a t.
will d u -at ion) .. 1 - ' '. I-J- i ile) ;, 1 e. LC c,:
aluminat- and . - i _ L - c 1- -- 3) /0 - -0, '1110% S;0z 111 11 -;; 1 ( S, 1 M.-5) r) 1 (: - -- 1 W PS A aku. c. () r (1 L 119 to the pr-esent invent ion 1 il 1 fle (produce cluring decomposition of carbonate m ion c c t akao 1 i ri o r cl d ii r i ng decompositi f 1 lle r at i On) and m' i 110 1, quant it-- i e s of sulphates, c. u ii., s i 1 i;,t a 1, c s, T1 i e c. 11 c fai e a 1 c-,-) mp o s i t ii c) n o f a major clement o.-?,ides w11 comprise about 20- oL 1 5 - 21 'S % AILCi..,,, Th.,- i-ria.jkji ment oxides etc. re, alsc aS components.
T- i( glass i 11 (1 U ss ', r Uu e' 11 i ons t..)nnes of waste c_. r a 1 ni i A xample, currently produce, 8 industry, fol, c., k CA, un torll-es of gla-ss packaging per aiiriuiit. The. lk)ut this -)ut v.i i '. Lei,t:.,-used in colitailler manu 'Lacture I- it is anticipated that, arid cuther spc,,Lif ications, uses will have to Le found, for over 100 twhousalld tonne/annuin, dumping in landfill -ideu Ill 1 4 ' S X, b e a,, li 1 - addill, i S 1 U IL,' to oil, s ign ' f icant quant ities of waste glass is alos produced a 1111 U a 1 1,,- f rom demolished buildings arid other sourc-es. The policies of most governments around the world is 4 1 A 1 l L c; sce, nc)i-.'ai)d"ill outlets for stjc.li waste materials.
Glass i.-., a sol id mat er 1 a 1 C:,)11 S i S L i ng of metal silicates or similar compounds. Me structure of c silicate glasses is generally considered t be a tlir L.(-- -(1 imell S 1 olla network of randon arrangement of Si04 t 'i a t L eas t t -s, 0 oxygen atoins o' each tetrahedron a4.tac.,tlc"d -C otil:"r silicon atoms. klur.iiio-silicate glasses include A104 -.(ill and bo-,osilij-at.e glasses incorporate both tetrahedral B04 Le, 1---r a h c. (1 units arid triangular BO,3.
L e cl micall. composition of a typical glass in terms of major element comprise of 35-96 weight % SiOz, 1-5 weight % A1203, 3-10 weigh', /% CaO, 0-15 weight % B203,0-60 weight % PbO, 1-3 weight % R203 (W A Tasong) 2_ and 4-20 weight % alkalis (Na + K). The other major element oxides such as Mg, Fe, etc., are also present as minor components. It should be noted that the proportions of the various major element oxide will vary, depending on the type of glass.
THE INVENTION The present invention relates to production of 'green' environental cement from waste paper sludge ash and waste glass for use in the construction industry, for example, to produce cementitious materials.
or an According to the present invention a process of preparing a hydratble cementious composition from a mixture. of waste paper sludge ash and waste glass is provided. The process generally comprises steps to process the raw materials, namely the waste paper sludge ash and the waste glass.
The waste. paper sludge ash produced at the incineration stage of the eycling process is lumppy or, coarse grained. In this state, paper. ree the WPSA is inert. In order to enhance its chemical reactity, the coarse grained or lumppy WPSA is ground to a fine powder. According to C the present invention, optimum react.i,,..ity is acheived for powders with a particle size distribution in the range of 5-60 microns. Similarly, t.he -wastle glass is ground to a fine powder (with a particle size distribution in the range of 5-60 microns) in order to achieve optimum --hemical reactivity.
According to the present. invention, a hydratable cementitious composition is formed from a mixture of waste paper sludge ash and waste glass. Preferably, the raw material mixture comprises of 60-70 weight percent. waste paper sludge ash and 30-40 weight percent waste glass According to the present. iii-,..,entiori, a chemical reaction occurs in the presence cif water between the mineral phases present in waste paper sludge ash (such as metakaolin, etc.,) and the mineral. phases present in the waste glass (such as borosilicate, etc.,) to form cementitious products. A chemical break down of waste paper sludge ash occurs in the presence of wate---. This chemical break results in the release into solution of alkalis, hydroxyl ions, etc., from the waste paper sludge ash. The alkalis and the hydroxyl ions released attack the glass, -iea(,.&, ing further alka.li metal and borate ions into solution. The lakli can in turn accelerate the attack on glass as well as activate the hydration process of other mineral phases also present in the niixture, such as inetakao'iiSi 4 1, etc. ions into 1 1 to release AI 3 1, so-Luition. It is proposed t h a t a series of chemical reactions (the nature still to be determined) take place within the mixture to 11ory"i products, such as calcium aluminate hydrates, a. 1 c. i um- a 1 U111 i 110 S j 1 i c at ' e hydrats, calcium silicate hydrates, calcium a-lumino-sulphates, etc. Ilk- is also proposed that a wide range of other c.ementitious compounds, whose exact nature is till to be determined are also expected Lo be formed from these chemical reactions.
3 (W A Tasong) CL A I N45 1. A green cement consists of a mixture of waste paper sludge ash and waste glass to form a hydratable cementitious composition.
Claims (1)
- 2. A green cement as claimed in Claim 1 where the preferred mixtureconsists of 60-70,eigbt percent wRste paper sludge ash and 30-40 weight percent waste glass.3. A green cement as claimed in Claim 1 where the waste paper sludge ash is the residue obtained after combustion at temperatures in access of 800 degrees centigrade of the by-products (inorganic coating from waste paper plus residual fibre and ink) produced during the waste paper recycling process.4. A green cement as claimed in Claim 1 where waste glass is glass produced by the Glass industry such as packaging glass or building glass.A green cement as claimed in Claim 3 or Claim 4 where the waste paper sludge ash and waste glass are both fine powder with a particle size distribution in the range of 5-60 microns.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0012952A GB2362643B (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Production of 'green' cement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0012952A GB2362643B (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Production of 'green' cement |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0012952D0 GB0012952D0 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
| GB2362643A true GB2362643A (en) | 2001-11-28 |
| GB2362643B GB2362643B (en) | 2004-02-11 |
Family
ID=9892512
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0012952A Expired - Fee Related GB2362643B (en) | 2000-05-26 | 2000-05-26 | Production of 'green' cement |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2362643B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002066392A1 (en) * | 2001-02-19 | 2002-08-29 | Ugcs Limited | Cementitious material |
| WO2005070847A1 (en) * | 2004-01-24 | 2005-08-04 | Veolia Water Industrial Outsourcing Limited | Process for particulate material |
| WO2008025110A1 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-06 | Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais | Process for preparing a binder composition, binder and process for obtaining products that use said binder |
| US20110172075A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2011-07-14 | Grasso Jr Louis P | White Pozzolan Manufactured From Post-Consumer Waste Glass, Products Incorporating the Same and Methods of Manufacturing the Same |
| IT201800007810A1 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-03 | Universita' Degli Studi Di Palermo | Hydraulic binder system for construction from waste materials |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111592243A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2020-08-28 | 滨海金尼环保科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of utilizing epoxy resin powder to produce low temperature cement |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59165615A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1984-09-18 | 富士不燃建材工業株式会社 | Manufacture of press molding machining fibrous making board |
| JPS59217662A (en) * | 1983-05-26 | 1984-12-07 | 株式会社ノダ | Inorganic construction material and manufacture |
| JPH06144898A (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-05-24 | Koji Mitsuo | Mixed hydraulic substance, hardened material and burnt material |
-
2000
- 2000-05-26 GB GB0012952A patent/GB2362643B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59165615A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1984-09-18 | 富士不燃建材工業株式会社 | Manufacture of press molding machining fibrous making board |
| JPS59217662A (en) * | 1983-05-26 | 1984-12-07 | 株式会社ノダ | Inorganic construction material and manufacture |
| JPH06144898A (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1994-05-24 | Koji Mitsuo | Mixed hydraulic substance, hardened material and burnt material |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| WPI Abstract Accession No. 1984-267696[43] & JP 59 165 615 A * |
| WPI Abstract Accession No. 1985-022136[04] & JP 59 217 662 A * |
| WPI Abstract Accession No. 1994-206195[25] & JP 06 144 898 A * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002066392A1 (en) * | 2001-02-19 | 2002-08-29 | Ugcs Limited | Cementitious material |
| GB2379215A (en) * | 2001-02-19 | 2003-03-05 | Ugcs Ltd | Cementitious material |
| GB2379215B (en) * | 2001-02-19 | 2003-12-24 | Ugcs Ltd | Cementitious material |
| WO2005070847A1 (en) * | 2004-01-24 | 2005-08-04 | Veolia Water Industrial Outsourcing Limited | Process for particulate material |
| WO2008025110A1 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2008-03-06 | Universidade Federal De Minas Gerais | Process for preparing a binder composition, binder and process for obtaining products that use said binder |
| US20110172075A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2011-07-14 | Grasso Jr Louis P | White Pozzolan Manufactured From Post-Consumer Waste Glass, Products Incorporating the Same and Methods of Manufacturing the Same |
| IT201800007810A1 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-03 | Universita' Degli Studi Di Palermo | Hydraulic binder system for construction from waste materials |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB0012952D0 (en) | 2000-07-19 |
| GB2362643B (en) | 2004-02-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20160526 |