GB2225088A - Preventing the build-up of carbon deposits on pistons - Google Patents
Preventing the build-up of carbon deposits on pistons Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2225088A GB2225088A GB8924158A GB8924158A GB2225088A GB 2225088 A GB2225088 A GB 2225088A GB 8924158 A GB8924158 A GB 8924158A GB 8924158 A GB8924158 A GB 8924158A GB 2225088 A GB2225088 A GB 2225088A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- compression ring
- annular member
- pistons
- piston
- build
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- F02B77/04—Cleaning of, preventing corrosion or erosion in, or preventing unwanted deposits in, combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/12—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/12—Details
- F16J9/20—Rings with special cross-section; Oil-scraping rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
- F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
- F05C2201/0448—Steel
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
Abstract
A substantially circumferential annular member 2 is installed in the region defined by the rear face 10 of a piston compression ring and the upper and lower walls 3, 4 and the bottom 5 of the compression ring groove. The annular member moves within said room by the action of inertia forces arising out of the piston reciprocating motion, thereby preventing the build-up of carbon particles in the piston compression ring groove. The annular member has an axial dimension greater than clearances f1, f2 and may be sinuous. <IMAGE>
Description
2225088 MEANS FOR PREVENTING THE BUILD-UP OF CARBON DEPOSITS ON PISTONS
The present invention relates to an improvement on pistons for internal ccmbustion engines which are susceptible to the undesirable build-up of carbon deposits, particularly on the walls and bottom of the compression ring grooves.
The build-up of carbon deposits on these portions of the compression ring grooves is very ccmmon owing mainly to the incomplete fuel burn at the upper region of Che cylinder liner and/or to the carbonization of lubricating oil caused by high combustion temperatures.
The carbon that builds up on said areas is a complex canposition which sticks at first to the piston on its top portion, or to the cylinder liner, then passes to the piston ring band and enters the compression ring grooves through the clearances between the groove walls and the faces of the rings. Tiny carbon particles adhere gradually to ied by pounds the bottom of the ring grooves and are subsequently densif applied to the carbon by the rear face of the compression rings resulting from the piston secondary lateral motions.
This is a highly undesirable process, for the carbon deposit, as it increases substantially, urges the ccmpression rings towards the cylinder wall, causing the shearing of the lubricating oil film between the cylinder and the ring front face. Thus, the resulting friction generates an abrasive action between said surfaces causing several damages to the engine.
Only a few solutions for overcaming this problem have been proposed to this date. One well-known solution contemplates the mounting of the canpression rings in a slant position in relation to the compression ring groove walls, the front face of these rings closer to the piston upper portion. This configuration prevents carbon from building up in the grooves as it eliminates the clearance between the compression ring upper face and the groove upper wall through which the carbon residues usually enter. However, this design causes an increase in lubricating oil consumption.
It is, therefore, a principal object of the present invention to provide a piston for internal combustion engines with an additional member designed to prevent the build-up of carbon deposits in the compression ring grooves.
According to the present invention there is provided means for preventing the build-up of carbon deposits on pistons for internal combustion engines, said pistons being provided witn at least one compression ring groove and at least one compression ring, wherein the said means comprise at least one annular member installed in the room defined by the rear face of the compression ring, the upper and lower walls and the bottom of the compression ring groove, said annular member having a cross section whose smallest dimension taken along the longitudinal axis of the piston is greater than any of the clearances between the upper and lower faces of the compression ring and the adjacent upper and lower walls of the compression ring groove. Preferably such pistons are provided with an additional member, generally an annular and substantially continuous member, placed in the region defined between the rear face of the compression ring, the upper and lower wall and the bottom of the compression ring.
Preferably such pistons are provided with an additional member, generally an annular and substantially continuous member, placed in the region defined between the rear face of the compression ring, the upper and lower wall and the bottom of the compression ring.
Said member, with suitable dimensions, effects movements within the said region and under inertial forces transmitted to it at every reciprocating travel of the piston. Moreover, the piston transverse translation in the cylinder effects an additional rotary motion.
The combined action of these movements in the said room causes a crumbling action that prevent the carbon particles from densifying and building up the undesirable deposits. For this purpose, the object of the,present invention may be represented by many configurations.
The present invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the portion of the piston, significantly enlarged, illustrating one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the piston portion showing a second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2a is a front elevation view of the piston portion of Fig. 2 depicting the longitudinal section of the annular member of the in.., ention; Fig. 3 shows some exemplary configurations of the cross section of t. e annular,-.iember -f the invention illustrated in Fig. 1 and 2; Fig. 4 depicts some exemplary configurations of the longitudinal section of the annular member of the present invention illustrated in the preceding Figures.
In one preferred embodiment, represented in Fig. 1, the piston is provided with at least one compression ring groove 2 defined by its upper wall 3, lower wall 4 and bottom 5. The piston 1 accommodates at least one compression ring 6 defined by its front face 7, upper face 8, lower face 9 and rear face 10. Between the upper face 8 of the compression ring 6 and the upper wall 3 of compression ring groove 2 there is a clearance fl, and between the lower face 9 of the compression ring 6 and the lower wall 4 of the compression ring groove 2 there is a clearance f2, both clearances being generally larger than zero.
Immediately after the build-up of carbon particles on the top portion of the cylinder 11, or piston 1, at the time of the combustion, said particles fall toward the engine cranckcase (not shown) and a portion of said particles infiltrates into the compression ring groove 2, mainly through clearance fl., and seats on the bottom 5 and lower wall 4 and becomes stuck to said regions due to the pounds applied by the rear face 10 of the compression ring 6 arising out of the secondar y lateral movements of piston 1.
The annular member 12, having a rectangular cross section, is preferably of steel, and its smallest dimension is at least greater than the clearance fl, and clearance f2, therefore the member 12 is confined within the room defined by the lower wall 4, the bottom 5, the upper wall 3 of the groove 2, and the f ront face 10 of the compression ring 6. Due to the location of the annular member 12, behind compression ring 6, the carbon from the top portion of cylinder liner 11 is prevented from depositing on region 13, as the annular member 12 displaces rapidly and many times f ran the lower wall 4 to the upper wall 5, scraping the f our faces 10,4,5,3 that define the region 13, by means of poundings caused by the action of inertia forces transmitted at every change in direction of the piston 1 during its reciprocating motion in the cylinder 11, thereby crumbling and spalling the carbon particles.
In another embodiment of the present invention represented in Fig. 2, the piston 10 is provided with the annular member 120, made of an alloy similar to that used for making the compression ring 60. Also in this embodtient the annular member 120 is confined within the region 130, defined by the lower wall 40, the bottom 50, the upper wall 30 of the groove 20 of the compression ring 60 and the rear face 100 of compression ring 60. The carbon from the upper portion of cylinder 110 or from the too portion of piston 10 is prevented from depositing on region 130 for the sinuous annular member 120 moves forcefully and scrapes the four faces 100,40,50,30 that define rocnL 130. Due to its contour, the sinuous member 120 operates by constant vibration caused by the action of inertia forces transmitted by piston 10 at every change of direction of the reciprocating motion of the piston 10 in cylinder 110, which causes the carbon particles to crumble and spall.
Obviously, the choice for a geometric shape as well as the material for the annular member will depend on particular needs of a given design. Therefore, said shape and material may be other than those described and illustrated herein, which are intended to be exemplary only.
One important advantage from the use of the object of the invention is the maintenance of a lubricating oil film on the cylinder wall due to the prevention of the shearing action by the compression rings, which in the prior art are urged against the cylinder wall by the build-up of carbon particles in the ring grooves.
Thus, the presence of a permanent oil film to prevent a piston-tocylinder wall contact provides a longer service life of the engine.
Another advantage of the invention is that the action of the annular member is self-adjusting, i.e., the higher the engine speed, the higher the crumbling action of tie annular member.
Claims (5)
1. Means for preventing the build-up of carbon deposits on pistons for internal combustion engines, said pistons being provided with at least one compression ring groove and at least one compression ring, wherein the said means comprise at least one annular member installed in the roorLi defined by the rear face of the compression ring, the upper and lower walls and the bottom of the compression ring groove, said annular member having a cross section whose smallest dimension taken along the longitudinal axis of the piston is greater than any of the clearances between the upper and lower faces of the compression ring and the adjacent upper and lower walls of the con..)ression ring groove.
2. The means defined in claim 1, wherein the longitudinal section of said annular member is continuous and substantially circumferential.
3. The means of claim 1, wherein said annular member has a straight longitudinal profile.
4. The means of claim 1, wherein said annular member has a sinuous longitudinal profile.
5. Prevention means for preventing the build up of carbon deposits on pistons substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to, or as illustrated in, Fig. 1; or Figs. 2 and 2a; or Fig. 1 or Figs. 2, 2A as modified by Figs. 3 and 4 of the accompanying drawings.
Published 1990atThe Patent Office. State House. 66'71 High Holborn. LondonWCIR47?. Further copies maybe obtained from The Patent Office Sales Branch, St Mary Cray, Orpington. Kent BR5 3RD. Printed by Multiplex techniques ltd. St Mary Cray, Kent, Con. 1/87
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BR888805718A BR8805718A (en) | 1988-10-26 | 1988-10-26 | MEANS TO PREVENT THE FORMATION OF COAL DEPOSITS IN EMBOLS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8924158D0 GB8924158D0 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| GB2225088A true GB2225088A (en) | 1990-05-23 |
| GB2225088B GB2225088B (en) | 1992-09-16 |
Family
ID=4045908
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8924158A Expired - Fee Related GB2225088B (en) | 1988-10-26 | 1989-10-26 | Means for preventing the build-up of carbon deposits on pistons |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR8805718A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3935077A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2225088B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8903501L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10213106A1 (en) * | 2002-03-23 | 2003-10-16 | Npr Of Europ Gmbh | Piston ring groove deposit clearance involves sharp-edged humps on piston ring inface to impact groove floor deposit for its forcible clearance each cycle. |
| DE102009059656B4 (en) | 2009-12-19 | 2019-09-12 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
| DE102012008946A1 (en) * | 2012-05-05 | 2013-11-07 | Mahle International Gmbh | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB341798A (en) * | 1930-04-07 | 1931-01-22 | Francis Thomas Ford | Improvements in piston rings |
| GB457612A (en) * | 1935-06-01 | 1936-12-01 | W P Lymington Ltd | Piston rings |
| GB492899A (en) * | 1937-03-30 | 1938-09-29 | William Arthur Oubridge | Improvements in piston rings |
| GB1148359A (en) * | 1967-11-13 | 1969-04-10 | Ramsey Corp | Coated piston ring segments and method of making same |
| GB2038448A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-07-23 | Linde Ag | Piston comprising a captured piston ring |
| EP0192114A2 (en) * | 1985-02-16 | 1986-08-27 | Ae Plc | Piston |
-
1988
- 1988-10-26 BR BR888805718A patent/BR8805718A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1989
- 1989-10-20 DE DE19893935077 patent/DE3935077A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-10-23 SE SE8903501A patent/SE8903501L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-10-26 GB GB8924158A patent/GB2225088B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB341798A (en) * | 1930-04-07 | 1931-01-22 | Francis Thomas Ford | Improvements in piston rings |
| GB457612A (en) * | 1935-06-01 | 1936-12-01 | W P Lymington Ltd | Piston rings |
| GB492899A (en) * | 1937-03-30 | 1938-09-29 | William Arthur Oubridge | Improvements in piston rings |
| GB1148359A (en) * | 1967-11-13 | 1969-04-10 | Ramsey Corp | Coated piston ring segments and method of making same |
| GB2038448A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-07-23 | Linde Ag | Piston comprising a captured piston ring |
| EP0192114A2 (en) * | 1985-02-16 | 1986-08-27 | Ae Plc | Piston |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR8805718A (en) | 1990-06-12 |
| GB8924158D0 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| SE8903501L (en) | 1990-04-27 |
| DE3935077A1 (en) | 1990-05-03 |
| SE8903501D0 (en) | 1989-10-23 |
| GB2225088B (en) | 1992-09-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19951026 |