GB2222269A - Electrophotographic toner - Google Patents
Electrophotographic toner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2222269A GB2222269A GB8917594A GB8917594A GB2222269A GB 2222269 A GB2222269 A GB 2222269A GB 8917594 A GB8917594 A GB 8917594A GB 8917594 A GB8917594 A GB 8917594A GB 2222269 A GB2222269 A GB 2222269A
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- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- particle size
- average particle
- particles
- electrophotographic toner
- Prior art date
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 ethylene, propylene, butylene Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- DFYKHEXCUQCPEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C DFYKHEXCUQCPEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940099800 pigment red 48 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XVTXLKJBAYGTJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)C=C XVTXLKJBAYGTJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- XZKRXPZXQLARHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-dienylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XZKRXPZXQLARHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hepta-1,6-dien-4-one Chemical compound C=CCC(=O)CC=C PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010187 litholrubine BK Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940002712 malachite green oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M methylene blue Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 CXKWCBBOMKCUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HILCQVNWWOARMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N non-1-en-3-one Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)C=C HILCQVNWWOARMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940065472 octyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical class C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004172 quinoline yellow Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZJPTIGZZTZIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L rose bengal Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C1=C2C=C(I)C(=O)C(I)=C2OC2=C(I)C([O-])=C(I)C=C21 AZJPTIGZZTZIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N rose bengal A Natural products O1C(=O)C(C(=CC=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C(O)C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C(O)=C(I)C=C21 STRXNPAVPKGJQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOSXWYQMOYSSKB-LDKJGXKFSA-L water blue Chemical compound CC1=CC(/C(\C(C=C2)=CC=C2NC(C=C2)=CC=C2S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(\C=C2)/C=C/C\2=N\C(C=C2)=CC=C2S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1N.[Na+].[Na+] XOSXWYQMOYSSKB-LDKJGXKFSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
- G03G9/09725—Silicon-oxides; Silicates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
1 -W Y 1 1 n 1.
2 2 2. 22 6% 9 ELECTROPEOTOGRAPHIC TONER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an electrophotographic toner for developing an electrostatic latent image.
In electrophotography, two types of developers are commonly used to render the electrostatic latent image on a light-sensitive layer visible: one-component developers made of toners prepared by melt-blending resins such as polystyrene, styrene-butadiene copolymers and polyesters with colorants selected f rom among pigments and dyes such as carbon black and phthalocyanine blue, and then f inely dividing the mixture; and twocomponent developers having toners mixed with carriers that are in the form of glass beads or metal (e.g., iron, nickel and ferrite) particles, optionally coated with various resins, which have sizes substantially equal to the toner size or up to 500 pm.
These developers, however, have had the problem that when they are used alone, desired characteristics with respect to the quantity of electric charge, the charging speed, charge exchangeability, uniform charging, the dependency of image quality on the environment and developer's durability. In an attempt at alleviating these disadvantages, charge control agents have often been incorporated in developers.
one of the methods employed on the basis of this idea is to incorporate silica in developers of a type that is to be negatively charged, but the resulting developers do not have high developing ability or satisfactory charge exchange in toners, and there is a high likelihood that toners of opposite polarity will form to increase the chance of fogging. It is also known to use silica in toners of a type that is to be positively charged but in this case, too, fogging will easily occur on account of the formation of toners of opposite polarity. Unexamined Published Jar)anese Patent Application No. 62-129866 proposes using not only fine silica particles but also titania par-ticles not larger than 0.05 lim as an external additive. However, even this technique can not completely prevent fogging.
SUMMAREY OF THE INVENTION An. object, therefore, of the present invention is to provide a toner that hardly generates fogging that would otherwise be caused by the formation of toners of opposite polarity.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The electrophotographic toner of the present invention comprises at least a colorant and a binder resin 2 - 4 and is characterized in that both a fine silica powder having an average particle size of no greate r than 0.05 pm and titania particles having an average particle size of at least 0.1 pm are deposited on the surfaces of toner particles.
The f ine silica powder to be used in the present invention is not limited to any particular type as long as it has an average particle size not exceeding 0.1 pm. A preferred example is a fine silica powder hydrophobic by treatment with a known agent dimethyldichlorosilane. Specific examples of silica powder that can be used, include R972 rendered such as the fine and R812 available from Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd. The fine silica powder is used in amounts ranging from 0.1 to 3.0 wt%, preferably from 0. 2 to 1.5 wt%.
Any ititania particles having an average particle size of at least 0.1 pm may be used in the present invention but those having an average size in the range oft 0.1-1.0.pm. are preferred. Specific examples of the titania particles that may be used in the present invention include KA-10 and KR460 available from Titan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha. The titania particles are used in amounts ranging from 0.1 to 3.0 wt%, preferably from 0.2 to 2. 0 wt%.
The toner particles on the surfaces of which the fine silica powdei and titania particles described above are to be deposited, are not limited to any particular type and any toner particles that are composed of known colorants and known binder resins may be employed.
Binder resins that can be used in toner particles include homopolymers and copolymers of styrenes such as styrene, chlorostyrene, and vinylstyrene; monoolefins such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, and. isobutylene; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, and vinyl benzoate; a-methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters V such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, and dodecyl methacrylate; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, and vinyl butyl ether; and vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone, and vinyl isopropenyl ketone. Typically used binder resins inc-lude- polystyrene, a styrene- acrylic acid alkyl ester copolymer, a styrene-methacrylic acid alkyl ester copolymer, a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, a styrenebutadiene copolymer, a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, polyethylene and polypropylene. In addition, polyesters, polyurethanes, epoxy resins, silicone resins, polyamides, modified rosins, paraffins and waxes can be used.
Y 1 Typical examples of the colorants that can be used in the toner include: carbon black, nigrosine dyes, aniline blue, calcoil blue, chrome yellow, ultramarine blue, DU Pont oil red, quinoline yellow, methylene blue chloride, phthalocyanine blue, malachite green oxalate, lamp black, rose bengale, C.I. pigment red 48:1, C.I. pigment red 122, C.I. pigment red 57:1, C.I. pigment yellow 97, C.I. pigment yellow 12, C.I. pigment blue 15:1, C.I. pigment blue 15:3, etc.
If desired, the toner particles may contain other additives such as known charge control agents and fixing aids.
The toner particles used in the present invention have an average particle size that is preferably not greater than about 30 pm, more preferably in the range of 3-20 pm.
The electrophotographic toner of the present invention may be of a onecomponent type which does not use a carrier or of a twocomponent type which uses a carrier. Preferably, the toner of the present invention is used as a two-component developer.
if carriers are to be used, known carriers may be used without any particular limitation as exemplified by iron powder carriers, ferrite carriers, surface-co.at ferrite carriers, and magnetic powder dispersion type carriers.
In preparing the elect rophotographi c toner of the present invention, the fine silica powder and titania particles described above may be deposited on the surfaces of toner particles by known means, such as a Henschel mixer or a blender with a V-shaped vessel which are employed for mixing purposes.
The present invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate 90 wt% crosslinked copolymer Carbon black 10 wt% The above-listed components were melt-kneaded, and k-hen pulverized and classified to obtain toner particles having an average particle size of 11 Um. Thereafter, 0.8 wt% of a fine silica powder (average particle size, 0.016 Um; a-vailable from Nippon Aerosoil Co., Ltd. under the trade name R972) and 1.0 wt% of titania particles (average particle size, 0.4 pm; available from Titan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha under the trade name KA-10) were added to the toner particles, and the respective components were mixed in a Henschel mixer to have the silica and titania particles deposited on the surfaces of the toner particles.
In the next step, 30 wt% of a styrene-n-butyl methacrylate copolymer and 70 wt% of magnetite (EPT 1000 of Toda Industrial Co., Ltd.) were kneaded, comminuted and classified to make a carrier powder having an average particle size of 35 pm.
The previously prepared toner (7 wt%) was mixed with 93 wt% of the carrier to prepare an electrophotographic developer. When this developer was subjected to a copying test with an elect rophotographic machine (adapted from FX-7790 by Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.), up to 5 x 105 copies could be taken without experiencing fogging due to wrong sign toner.
Com,Darative Example 1 A toner and a carrier were prepared and processed into an electrophotographic developer as in Example 1 except that titania particles were not used. When a copying test was conducted on the developer as in Example 1, up to 2 x 105 copies could be taken with satisfactory results but no more copies could be obtained without experiencing fogging due to wrong sign toner.
Comparative Example 2 A toner and a carrier were prepared and processed into an electrophotographic developer as in Example 1 except that the titania particles were replaced by 1.0 wt% of far smaller titania particles (average particle size, 0.021 pm; available from Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd. under the trade name P25). When a copying test was conducted on the developer as in Example 1, up to 3 x 105 copies could be taken with satisfactory results but no more copies could be obtained without experiencing fogging due to wrong sign toner.
Example 2
Styrene-n-butyl methacrylate 90 wt% crosslinked copolymer Copper phthalocyanine 9 Wt% Charge control agent (Bon.'%--ron.P-51.of Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1 Wt% The above-lis'#.-ed components were melt-kneaded, pulverized and classified to make toner particles having an average particle size of 11 pm. To the resulting toner particles, 0.3 wt% of a fine silica powder (average particle size, 0.007 pm; available from Nippon Aeroxil Co., Ltd. under the trade name R812) and 1.0 wt% of titania particles (average particle size, 0.3 pm; available from Titan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha under the trade name KR-460) were added and the respecti.ve components were mixed in a Henschel mixer to have the t j! 1 - tJ silica and titania particles deposited on the surfaces of the toner particles.
In the next step, a carrier was made as in Example 1 and 93 wt% of this carrier was mixed with 7 wt% of the toner to prepare a developer. When this developer was subjected to a copying test with an electrophotographic machine (adapted from FX-7790 by Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. ), up to 5 x 105 copies could be taken without experiencing fogging due to wrong sign toner.
Example 3
A toner was prepared as in Example 2 except that 9 wt96 of copper phthalocyanine was replaced by 9 wt% of C.I. pigment red 48:1.. This toner was mixed with a carrier and processed to form an electrophotographic developer as in Example 2. When a copying test was conducted on the resulting developer as in Example 2, up to 5 x 105 copies could be taken without experiencing fogging due to toners of opposite polarity.
As described on the foregoing pages, the electrophotographic toner of the present invention is characterized in that a fine silica powder with an average particle size of no greater than 0.1 lim and titania particles with an average particle size of at least 0.1 um are deposited on the surfaces of toner particles. Because of this constitution, even if the toner is repeatedly used for a long term, wrong sign toner are hardly produced so that copies with stable image quality having no fogging can be obtained.
Claims (4)
1. An electrophotographic toner comprising at least-a colorant and a binder resin, wherein a fine silica powder having an average particle size of no greater than 0.05 pm and titania particles having an average particle size of at least 0.1 pm are deposited on the surfaces of toner particles.
2. An electrophotographic toner according to claim 1, wherein said fine silica powder is made of hydrophobic silica.
3. An electrophotographic toner according to claim 2, wherein said fine silica powder is included in said toner in amounts of 0.1 to 3.0 wt% and said titania particles are included in amounts of 0.1 to 3.0 wt%.
4. An electrophotographic toner according to claim 3, wherein said toner particles have an average particle size of about 30 pm or less.
Published 1990 at The Patent Offic,'. State House. 66 171 Hip Holborn, London WClR4TP. Further coplesmaybe obtainedfrOm The Patent Office Sales Branch. St Mary Cray. Orpingtor,. Kel-t BR5 LIRD. Pvrted by Wil.lipiex techniques Ita. St Mary Cray, Kent. Con. 1187
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63193420A JPH0797239B2 (en) | 1988-08-04 | 1988-08-04 | Electrophotographic toner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8917594D0 GB8917594D0 (en) | 1989-09-13 |
| GB2222269A true GB2222269A (en) | 1990-02-28 |
Family
ID=16307671
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8917594A Withdrawn GB2222269A (en) | 1988-08-04 | 1989-08-01 | Electrophotographic toner |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0797239B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3925928A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2635596A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2222269A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USH1577H (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-08-06 | Hanzlik; Cheryl A. | Toner and developer compositions with high surface additive loadings |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4041358A1 (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-07-02 | Mittelstaedt Mathis Christian | Prodn. of decoration on inorganic, non-metallic material - by applying coloured substance, transferring to surface of material and annealing |
| JP2002108002A (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2002-04-10 | Brother Ind Ltd | Toner composition |
| JP6497360B2 (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-04-10 | 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 | Method for producing toner for developing electrostatic latent image |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4623605A (en) * | 1983-12-26 | 1986-11-18 | Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha | Dry developer for developing electrostatic latent images contains silica and titanium dioxide |
| US4652509A (en) * | 1984-05-11 | 1987-03-24 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Toner for developing electrostatic latent image |
| EP0237038A1 (en) * | 1986-03-11 | 1987-09-16 | Konica Corporation | Toner for developing electrostatic latent image and method for developing electrostatic latent image with the same |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US465209A (en) * | 1891-12-15 | sandt | ||
| JPH0740140B2 (en) * | 1985-04-30 | 1995-05-01 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Developer |
| JPS62129866A (en) * | 1985-12-02 | 1987-06-12 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Positively electrifiable developer for developing electrostatic image |
| JPS62174772A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1987-07-31 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Toner for developing electrostatic image |
| JP2748366B2 (en) * | 1987-08-10 | 1998-05-06 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Electrophotographic developer |
-
1988
- 1988-08-04 JP JP63193420A patent/JPH0797239B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-08-01 GB GB8917594A patent/GB2222269A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-08-04 FR FR8910567A patent/FR2635596A1/en active Pending
- 1989-08-04 DE DE19893925928 patent/DE3925928A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4623605A (en) * | 1983-12-26 | 1986-11-18 | Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha | Dry developer for developing electrostatic latent images contains silica and titanium dioxide |
| US4652509A (en) * | 1984-05-11 | 1987-03-24 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Toner for developing electrostatic latent image |
| EP0237038A1 (en) * | 1986-03-11 | 1987-09-16 | Konica Corporation | Toner for developing electrostatic latent image and method for developing electrostatic latent image with the same |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USH1577H (en) * | 1995-05-26 | 1996-08-06 | Hanzlik; Cheryl A. | Toner and developer compositions with high surface additive loadings |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0243564A (en) | 1990-02-14 |
| GB8917594D0 (en) | 1989-09-13 |
| DE3925928A1 (en) | 1990-02-08 |
| FR2635596A1 (en) | 1990-02-23 |
| JPH0797239B2 (en) | 1995-10-18 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |