GB2218978A - Ceramic coatings - Google Patents
Ceramic coatings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2218978A GB2218978A GB8812486A GB8812486A GB2218978A GB 2218978 A GB2218978 A GB 2218978A GB 8812486 A GB8812486 A GB 8812486A GB 8812486 A GB8812486 A GB 8812486A GB 2218978 A GB2218978 A GB 2218978A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- oxide
- coating material
- furnace
- emissivity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100205030 Caenorhabditis elegans hars-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101100506034 Fibrobacter succinogenes (strain ATCC 19169 / S85) cel-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/632—Organic additives
- C04B35/636—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B35/6365—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
- C04B2235/3454—Calcium silicates, e.g. wollastonite
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
A refractory coating material for lining furnaces comprises a low emissivity, high reflectivity coating material formed from an oxide ceramic having a total emissivity of less than 0.45 and, preferably, over part at least of the infra-red range, a spectral emissivity of less than 0.25. Particular examples of materials shown are magnesium oxide and a calcium oxide/ china clay mixture.
Description
CERAMIC COATINGS
This invention relates to ceramic coating materials for furnaces.
It has been shown that low emissivity (high reflectivity) coatings can improve the energy efficiency of furnaces during the heating-up phase (Metals and
Materials, January 1988, pages 25-27). However, the material used (platinum) is not cost effective.
The present invention provides a low emissivity, high reflectivity, coating material for lining furnaces, comprising an oxide ceramic having a total emissivity of less than 0.45. Preferably, over part at least of the infra-red range, the ceramic has a spectral emissivity of less than 0.25.
Preferably the oxide ceramic comprises a white, heavy grade, magnesia.
Advantageously, the coating is chosen and engineered so that any mismatch between the base material of the coating and that of the substrate furnace lining is minimised so as to prevent crazing and/or spalling of the coating. Factors to be considered in such a choice include: whether the coefficients of thermal expansion of substrate and coating are matched; and, whether substrate and coating are likely to react at their interface to form an adherent layer.
This invention is illustrated by way of the following
non-limitative examples:
Example 1
The coating system comprised a two-part mixture;
Component A, the dry powdered component; Component B, the liquid binder component.
Component A comprised magnesium oxide (Pennine
Darlington Magnesia Limited - Darlington, Durham, Grade
P014/200, 88% < 325 mesh, 98.5% MgO, packed density 0.50 g/cm3). This was ball milled for a period of half an hour to give a finely comminuted solid powder.
Component B comprised a 1W/o solution of a medium molecular weight hydroxypropyl-methyl cellulose (CELACOL 5000 [trade markl - Supplier: Courtaulds Chemicals Limited,
Derby).
50 g of Component A was added to 130 ml of Component B slowly with constant mechanical stirring over a period of 5 - 10 minutes, so that Component A was thoroughly wetted by the liquid Component B. A smooth suspension of paint like consistency resulted, which could be applied while still fluid by any suitable method (e.g. brushing, spraying, rolling) to the desired substrate.
In comparative trials a furnace lined with lightweight alumino silicate brick, was operated through four heating and cooling cycles, before having a coating of between 200 - 300pm thickness of the above material applied to the alumino silicate brick. A further four heating and cooling cycles were carried out at the same heating rate, to the same soak temperature.
The results of these trials in terms of the energy consumption of the furnace, as measured by a standard electricity meter, and as recorded by a power transducer (Rochester Instrument Systems, Dartford), are given in
Table 1. The relative power/energy efficiencies of this coating and that of the idealised platinum lining, are shown in Table 2.
It is believed that the magnesium coating and alumino silicate brick may react above 1000"C at their interface to form a spinel which improves adherence of the coating.
Example 2
The coating preparation procedure of Example 1 was repeated, except that the magnesium oxide of Component A was replaced by a 40 w/o calcium oxide (BDH Chemicals
Limited - Poole, GPR grade), 60 w/o china clay (English
China Clay International Limited, Grade GTY) mixture.
A similar energy performance trial was carried out as in
Example 1, and the relative power/energy efficiencies of this coating are given in Table 3.
Use of calcium oxide alone is not satisfactory due to its slaking tendency. This hydration leads to degradation by "fluffing up" in a very short period of time.
Combination with china clay overcomes this problem and leads to a stable coating.
The material of Example 1 had a total emissivity of 0.42 and had a minimum emissivity in the infra-red range of 0.15. The comparable figures for Example 2 were 0.43 and 0.2 respectively.
TABLE1 : SMALL FURNACE RUNS AT 1200 C, 15 HOURS SOAK, 2 HOURS TO TEMPERATURE (SiC BRICK LOAD)
E N E R G Y C O N S U M P T I O N ( k W h ) Power (kW) required During Ramp During 15 hour soak Total During Soak Electricity Electricity Electricity After After After Rochester Meter Rochester Meter Rochester Meter 5 hrs 10 hrs 15 hrs 1 2.38 3.15 15.33 19.62 17.71 22.77 - - Standard 2 2.40 3.10 15.27 19.57 17.67 22.67 0.968 0.956 0.954 Brick 3 2.36 3.14 15.29 19.90 17.65 23.04 0.964 0.972 0.956 Walls 4 2.42 3.15 15.29 19.85 17.71 23.00 0.984 0.972 0.972 Same 1 2.36 3.01 14.84 19.19 17.20 22.20 0.934 0.923 0.923 Brick coated 2 2.34 3.02 15.10 19.24 17.44 22.26 0.962 0.945 0.936 with MgO/Cel 3 2.36 2.99 15.00 19.43 17.36 22.42 0.967 0.937 0.943 4 2.34 2.98 14.83 19.12 17.17 22.10 0.956 0.937 0.925 TABLE 2
MEAN ENERGY AND POWER REQUIREMENTS AND RELATIVE EFFICIENCIES OF CERTAIN 'COATING' SYSTEMS
C O N T R O L L E D R A M P S Y S T E M
Relative Furnace lined with:- Relative Furnace lined with:
Energy Energy Measurements Standard Requirement Standard Requirement Platinum MgO/Cel Brick (Std.Brick = 1) Brick (Std.Brick = 1) Energy Consumption (kWh) During heat up:- 3.46 3.21 0.93 3.14 3.00 0.96 During soak::- 21.01 20.76 0.99 19.74 19.25 0.98 Power (kW) required during soak After (hours) 5 1.052 1.040 0.99 0.972 0.954 0.98 10 1.040 1.031 0.99 0.966 0.936 0.97 15 1.040 1.033 0.99 0.961 0.932 0.97 TABLE 3.
Mean Energy and Power Requirements and Relative
Efficiencies of a CaO/Clay Coating
Furnace Lined With Relative Energy Requirement Measurements Standard Brick Standard CaO/ Designed Factor of 1 Brick Clay Energy Consumption (kWh) During heat up Rochester 2.55 2.48 0.97 Electricity 3.14 3.10 0.99 During soak Rochester 15.05 14.74 0.98 Electricity Meter 18.72 18.46 0.99 Power (kW) Required During Soak After (hours) 4 0.990 0.980 0.99 8 0.978 0.963 0.98 12 0.976 0.961 0.98
Claims (9)
- CLAIMS 1. A low emissivity, high reflectivity, coating material for lining furnaces comprising an oxide ceramic having a total emissivity of less than 0.45.
- 2. A coating material as claimed in claim 1 and having over part at least of the infra-red range, a spectral emissivity of less than 0.25.
- 3. A coating material as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, in which the oxide ceramic predominantly comprises a white, heavy grade, magnesium oxide.
- 4. A coating material for lining furnaces as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 in which the oxide ceramic comprises a calcium oxide/china clay mixture.
- 5. A coating material as claimed in any preceding claim in which the material is chosen so that mismatch between coating and furnace wall material is minimised so as to reduce crazing and/or spalling of the coating.
- 6. A coating material as claimed in claim 5 in which the oxide material is chosen to react with the furnace wall material so as to bond with the furnace at the interface between furnace and coating.
- 7. A coating material substantially as described.
- 8. A suspension of oxide material in liquid for use in preparation of a coating, as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7.
- 9. A furnace, including a coating as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8812486A GB2218978A (en) | 1988-05-26 | 1988-05-26 | Ceramic coatings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8812486A GB2218978A (en) | 1988-05-26 | 1988-05-26 | Ceramic coatings |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8812486D0 GB8812486D0 (en) | 1988-06-29 |
| GB2218978A true GB2218978A (en) | 1989-11-29 |
Family
ID=10637577
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8812486A Withdrawn GB2218978A (en) | 1988-05-26 | 1988-05-26 | Ceramic coatings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2218978A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1272845A (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1972-05-03 | Foseco Int | Magnesia-containing refractory dressings |
| GB1315543A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1973-05-02 | Foseco Int | Casting of metal ingots |
-
1988
- 1988-05-26 GB GB8812486A patent/GB2218978A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1272845A (en) * | 1969-03-12 | 1972-05-03 | Foseco Int | Magnesia-containing refractory dressings |
| GB1315543A (en) * | 1970-05-11 | 1973-05-02 | Foseco Int | Casting of metal ingots |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "Refractories" by J.H. C * |
| and p. 279 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8812486D0 (en) | 1988-06-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |