GB2292976A

GB2292976A - Mounting turbochargers on internal combustion engines

Info

Publication number: GB2292976A
Application number: GB9515142A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Josef Baettig; Gueven Mehmet Kutay
Original assignee: ABB Management AG
Current assignee: ABB Management AG
Priority date: 1994-09-09
Filing date: 1995-07-24
Publication date: 1996-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2015-07-24
Also published as: GB2292976B; JPH0874795A; CN1053726C; CN1127323A; GB9515142D0; JP2831601B2; DE4432073A1; KR100386735B1; KR960011159A; DE4432073C2

Description

Device for fastening turbochargers

Technical field

The invention relates to a fastening turbochargers to a base, e.g. combustion engines, on foundations or the like 2292976 device f or to internal Prior art

Larger turbochargers are nowadays mostly fastened via one or two feet which are connected on the turbine side of the turbocharger, i.e. at its gasoutlet casing, to the internal combustion engine. Such turbochargers can also. stand on a separate foundation. On account of this type of fastening, it is not necessary to release either the exhaust-gas lines or the fastening screws of the feet in the event of a service. However, high material temperatures occur in particular in the case of uncooled gan-outlet casings. Therefore relatively large thermal expansion of the material occurs, which has to be compensated for by the feet.

To this end, a turbocharger is disclosed (ISSN 0309-3948, Trans/Mar E(TM). Vol. 96, 1984, Paper 64, p. 4), the gas-outlet caning of which is fastened by means of two separate f eet, of which one in made of relatively thin sheet and therefore elastically absorbs the thermal expansion within certain limits.

In a further known turbocharger (KTZ 54(1993)6, p. 288), one of the two feet is designed to slide on one side by means of a cylinder guide so that there is a slightly larger area for compensating for the thermal expansion of the casing material.

Apart from too low a compensation capacity for the thermal expansion of the caning, both solutions have relatively low axial rigidity. This can lead to unpleasant vibration problems with loosened or even broken fastening elements. The operating reliability of turbochargers fastened in this way is therefore not adequately ensured.

In contrast thereto, known turbochargers equipp. ed with only one foot (Napier turbochargers NA150-350, company catalogue 3MOSE, Publication 110, 1978, pp. 3-4) have the requisite axial rigidity.

However, they cannot compensate for the thermal expansion of the material by means of this foot.

Therefore their operating reliability is likewise not adequately ensured.

In addition, either no variation or only a graduated variation of the position of the gas outlet relative to the foot is provided in the aforesaid solutions, for which reason the gas- outlet casing can only be connected to the internal combustion engine in one or a few predetermined positions. Adaptation to different assembly conditions can therefore only be made with difficulty.

Description of the invention

The invention attempts to avoid all these disadvantages. Its object in to increase the operating reliability of turbochargers and to permit a multiplicity of different fastening variants.

Claims

According to the invention, this is achieved when, in a device according

to the preamble of Claim 1, at least one central, positive-locking connecting element is arranged on the foot. In addition, at least two outer supporting elements are arranged and are designed to be positivelocking in a ma=er offset by 900 to the connecting element. The casing has correspondingly positive-locking counterparts to the connecting element and to the supporting elements.

on account of such a robust, saddle-shaped plate construction having a positive-locking connection in the centre and lateral supporting elements, simple compensation for expansion of the casing is obtained via the foot. In the process, the easing can be displaced largely unhindered via the supporting elements. The supporting elements lying relatively far apart advantageously result in turbocharger fastening.

It in especially expedient if the foot consists of a base plate on which both the connecting element and the supporting elements are arranged. The connecting element is fastened in a positive-locking manner in the longitudinal direction of the charger and i is designed as a transverse groove. The outer supporting elements are arranged on both sides of the base plate and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the charger. The counterpart of the connecting element in designed as a fastening rib having at least one integrated locating area on the caning. The counterparts of the supporting elements are is formed as fastening collar& arranged on both sides on the periphery of the caning.

Thus a positive- locking connection of casing and foot in realized in both the axial direction and a very rigid transversely thereto.

Furthermore, It Is advantageous when at least one locating surface is formed on each supporting element, which locating surface corresponds with the bearing surfaces arranged on the fastening collars. These surf aces can be of circular or polygonal shape.

It is especially favourable when the number of bearing surfaces arranged on the periphery of the casing corresponds to the multiple of the number of locating surf aces of the supporting elements. Thus the mounting of the foot on the casing, in particular in the case of the circular embodiment, can be effected in accordance with the actual conditions in any position between 01 and 180 to the gas outlet.

The supporting elements are provided with preferably circular recesses. They can thereby be adapted especially easily to the shape of the casing. In addition, the heat quantity passed into the foot is in this way kept relatively low.

Brief description of the drawing An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing with reference to a turbocharger having a foot according to the invention fastened to the gas-outlet casing, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of the turbocharger; Fig.
2 shows an enlarged perspective view of the foot; Fig.
3 shows a perspective view of the gas-outlet casing turned about its x-axis and slightly forward about the z-axis; Fig.
4 shown a section IV-1V through the gas-outlet casing in accordance with Fig. 1 but with two possible fastening variants of the foot.

Only the elements essential for understanding the invention are shown. Not shown in the internal combustion engine, serving an a possible base for fastening the turbocharger, or the foundation. The x-, y- and z-axes of the gas-outlet caning are shown by arrows.

Ways of implementing the invention The gas-outlet caning 1 is arranged between the compressor side 2 and the turbine side 3 of the turbocharger 4. It in fastened to an internal combustion engine (not shown) by means of a saddleshaped foot
5 (Fig. 1).

The f oot 5 has a base plate
6. The latter carries both a central connecting element 8, positive- locking in the longitudinal direction 7 of the charger and designed as a transverse groove, and two outer supporting elements 9, of positive- locking design at right angles to the transverse groove 8, for the gasoutlet casing 1 (Fig. 2).

The transverse groove 8 is arranged in a positive-locking manner relative to a corresponding counterpart 10, designed as a fastening rib, of the gas-outlet casing 1. A locating area 11 for the transverse groove 8 is arranged on the fastening rib 10 - 5 extending over the entire periphery of the gas-outlet casing 1 (Fig. 3). The fastening rib 10 can of course also have a plurality of locating areas 11 at any point. It is likewise possible to design the central connecting element 8 an a rib on the base plate 6 and the counterpart 10 as a groove encircling the periphery of the gas-outlet caning 1.

Two bores 12 and tapped holes 13, corresponding with one another, are arranged in the base plate 6 and locating area 11 respectively, which bores 12 and tapped holes 13 serve to connect foot 5 and gas-outlet casing 1 by =cans of two fastening elements 14 designed an screws (Figs. 1 to 4). Such a connection can of course also be realized with any is other number of fastening elements 14.

Positive-locking counterparts 15 to the supporting elements 9 are arranged on both sides on the periphery of the gas-outlet caning 1 and are designed as fastening collars. Formed on the supporting elements 9 are a plurality of locating surfaces 16 which correspond with corresponding bearing surfaces 17 of the fastening collars 15. Both the locating surfaces 16 and the bearing surfaces 17 are of polygonal design (Fig. 2, Fig. 3). They can of course likewise be of circular shape (Fig. 4). The bearing surfaces 17 are arranged virtually over the entire periphery of the gas-outlet casing 1. For better bearing of the foot 5 on the gas-outlet casing 1, the fastening collars 15 are also of largely uniformly curved design in the top part of the gas-outlet casing 1 (Figs. 1 to 3).

The supporting elements 9 have recesses 18 of circular design. Four mounting bores 19 for fastening the gas-outlet casing 1 to the internal combustion engine are arranged in the base plate 6 (Fig. 2).

When the gas-outlet casing 1 is being fastened, first of all the foot 5 is mounted on the gas-outlet casing 1 in the requisite position, e.g. in one of the positions shown in Fig. 4. To this end, the foot 5 is pushed with its transverse groove 8 onto the - 6 locating area 11 of the fastening rib 10 of the gasoutlet casing 1 and is thus fixed in a positive-locking manner in the axial direction. The foot 5 is also fixed radially by tightening the screws 14 in the bores 12 and the tapped holes 13. It is then connected to the internal combustion engine by means of screws 20 guided in the mounting bores 19.

Since the bearing surfaces 11 of the gasoutlet casing 1 do not bear in a positive-locking manner on the locating surfaces 16 of the supporting elements 9 in the longitudinal direction 7 of the charger, the thermal expansion of the material can be compensated for via the foot S.

The f oot 5 according to the invention can of course also be fastened to another casing 1 of the turbocharger 4. It in likewise possible to connect it to two adjacent casings 1.

ú -11 1. Device for fastening turbochargers to a base, e.g. to an Internal combustion engine, on a foundation or the like, consisting of a single foot which is connected to at least one caning of the turbocharger, preferably the gas-outlet caning, characterized in that at least one central, positive-locking connecting as well an at least two outer supporting positive- locking at right angles to the element elements connecting element are arranged on the f oot and correspondingly positivelocking counterparts are arranged on the caning 2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that a) the foot consists of a base plate on which both the connecting element and the supporting elements are arranged, b) the connecting element in arranged in a posi tive-locking manner in the longitudinal direction of the charger and is designed as a transverse groove, c) the outer supporting elements are arranged on both sides of the base plate and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the charger, d) the counterpart in designed as a fastening rib having at least one integrated locating area on the casing, and e) the counterparts are designed as fastening collars arranged on both sides on the periphery of the casing 3. Device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in each case at least one locating surface is formed on the supporting elements, which locating surface corresponds to bearing surfaces arranged on the fastening collars 4. Device according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that both the locating surfaces and the bearing surfaces are of circular or polygonal design.
7.

5. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the number of bearing surfaces arranged on the periphery of the caning in a multiple of the number of locating surfaces of the supporting elements -.

6. Device according to any of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the foot and the fastening rib of the caning are connected to one another by at least one fastening element Device according to any of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the bearing surfaces an well an the fastening rib extend over the entire periphery of the caning and the locating area or locating areas can be arranged at any point of the is fastening rib 0
8. Device according toany of Claims 1 to 7, characterized In that the supporting elements are provided with recesses and the latter are preferably of circular design.
9. Device according to any o-f Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a plurality of mounting bores are arranged in the bane plate
10. A device for fastening a turbocharger to a base, substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.