GB2290559A

GB2290559A - Air nozzle for making novelty yarns

Info

Publication number: GB2290559A
Application number: GB9512087A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Erich Graf; Walter Heumoos; Aloys Grieve
Original assignee: Saurer Allma GmbH
Current assignee: Saurer Allma GmbH
Priority date: 1994-06-21
Filing date: 1995-06-14
Publication date: 1996-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2015-06-14
Also published as: IT1276750B1; FR2721329A1; FR2721329B1; DE4421587C1; GB2290559B; GB9512087D0; ITMI951314A0; ITMI951314A1

Abstract

An air jet for producing effect yarns has a core yarn (G) fed to a cylindrical swirl chamber (12) which is supplied with compressed air through a tangential inlet port (18). An effect yarn (E1) is fed through a tangential port (21) into the swirl chamber (12). Further effect yarns (E2,E3) are fed through ports (22,23) close to the exit (21a) of the first port (21). The exits (21a,22a,23a) of the ports (21,22,23) are displaced slightly relative to each other along the jet axis (A).

Description

2290559 Air nozzle for making novelty yarns This invention relates to an

air nozzle for making novelty yams, with a housing, a substantially cylindrical vortex chamber provided in the housing, an inlet channel for a foundation thread opening into the vortex chamber and running substantially in the axial direction thereof, an air inlet channel opening tangentially into the vortex chamber, a thread channel opening tangentially into the vortex chamber and an outlet channel arranged opposite the inlet channel.

In the manufacture of novelty yams air nozzles are used which mainly serve to guide together the individual threads forming the novelty yam. As a rule a foundation thread or core thread is drawn through the central inlet channel, the vortex chamber and the outlet channel, without any over-feeding. An effect thread can be fed with more or less over-feed relative to the foundation thread, either together therewith through the central inlet channel of the air nozzle (cf.

DE 4 011458 A1) or it can be fed into the air nozzle together with the air stream through a tube opening tangentially into the vortex chamber of the air nozzle (cf.

DE 2 328 513 C2 or DE 3 304 827 C2). The foundation thread and the effect thread are brought together under the action of the airstream entering tangentially into the vortex chamber like a nozzle jet, whereby the effect thread is partially wrapped round the foundation thread. Different effects can be obtained by controlling the over-feed but the number of effects which can be achieved is limited.

The novelty yam brought together and twirled up has still as a rule then to be fixed, which can be effected in that the novelty yam is false-twisted in a second air nozzle by means of an airstream (DE 3 304 827 C2, DE 2 328 513 C2) or even by wrapping an additional fixing thread around the novelty yam. The latter can be effected for example by feeding the novelty yam through a hollow spindle which carries a fixing thread spool and on whose lower end is arranged a false twister, as is described in DE 87 13 467 UL In the known air nozzle initially recited, the foundation thread and the effect thread are fed through the central inlet channel into the vortex chamber, while the thread channel opening tangentially into the vortex chamber serves to introduce a fixing thread into the vortex chamber.

The invention is based on the object of so designing an air nozzle for making novelty yams, of the kind initially recited, that the manufacture of novelty yams with a very large number of different effects is facilitated, with exact reproducibility and also with a high delivery rate.

This is achieved according to the invention in that at least one further thread channel is provided, opening tangentially into the vortex chamber, with its mouth lying closely adjacent the mouth of the first thread channel in the circumferential direction, in that the mouths of the tangential thread channels are slightly offset relative to one another in the axial direction of the vortex chamber and in that the tangential thread channels are provided for feeding effect threads.

In the new air nozzle the effect threads are fed in through the thread channels opening tangentially into the vortex chamber. By using two, or better three, tangentially opening thread channels, two or even three effect threads can be used, which lets the number of different effects which are formed be substantially increased. Thus boucl6, loop, knop, lace frottA- effects, etc. can be produced.

Many colour variations are possible by using differently coloured effect threads and by mixing three base colours. The different kinds of effect are achieved in that the effect threads are fed to the air nozzle with different degrees of over- feed relative to the foundation thread and are twirled up with the foundation thread in the vortex chamber. It is important in this respect that the mouths of the tangential thread channels in which the effect threads are fed lie as close as possible to one another in the circumferential direction of the vortex chamber and moreover that the mouths of the tangential thread channels are slightly offset relative to one another in the axial direction of the vortex chamber. Through this, the airstream can act approximately uniformly on all the effect. threads within the vortex chamber. The effect of the axial offset of the mouths is that the airstream impinges on all of the effect threads and that say one effect thread will not lie in the "wind shadow" of another effect thread which had been introduced into the vortex chamber previously in the flow direction of the airstream. Since the action of the airstream is uniform on all two or three effect threads (it could even be four if desired), the formation of the effect is easier to control. In particular, precise reproducibility of the effects is achieved.

71e new air nozzle also -facilitates high over-feeding of the individual effect threads, 0 up to 300%. Furthermore high delivery rates can also be attained with the new air nozzle.

Advantageous arrangements of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic cross-section of a device for making novelty yarns, Figure 2 is an axial section of the air nozzle according to the invention used in this device, along the line II-II in Figure 3, Figure 3 is a cross-section of the air nozzle on the line HI-III in Figure 2.

The feed cylinders for three effect threads El, E2, E3 are denoted 1, 2, 3 in the drawings. The feed cylinders 1, 2, 3 can be controlled independently of one another. There is also a feed cylinder 4 for a foundation thread G, which is not controllable. The speed of the feed cylinder 4 can however be adjusted from 85 to 220% relative to the speed of the take-down cylinder 5 by means of a stepless gear.

Also provided is an air nozzle 6 which serves to bring together the effect threads El, E2, E3 and to twirl them up with the foundation thread G. Following the air nozzle 6 is a hollow spindle 7 carrying a fixing thread spool 8 for fixing the effects formed in the air nozzle 6. The hollow spindle 7 and the false twister 9 arranged on its lower end are driven by a tangential belt 10. Following the take down cylinder 5 the finished novelty yam is fed to a spool, not shown, on to which it is wound.

Details of the air nozzle are shown in Figures 2 and 3. A cylindrical vortex chamber 12 is provided in a housing 11, its axis being denoted A. An inlet channel 14 for the foundation thread G, running in the direction of the axis A, is provided in a substantially cylindrical body 13, which is axially adjustable relative to the vortex chamber 12. The mouth 14a of the inlet channel 14 is arranged eccentrically relative to the axis A of the vortex chamber 12. The lower end 13a of the cylindrical body 13 projecting into the vortex chamber 12 is advantageously of frustoconical shape.

The cylindrical body 13 is surrounded by a bush 15 which is adjustable axially in the housing 11. The end 15a of the busy 15 adjoining the vortex chamber 12 has an outer diameter D1 which corresponds to the inner diameter D2 of the vortex chamber. The axial height of the vortex chamber 12 can be altered by axial adjustment of the bush 15. The bush 15 is fixed in its adjusted position by a clamping screw 16. The cylindrical body 13 can likewise be fixed relative to the bush 15 by means of the clamping screw 17. The shape of the vortex chamber 12 can be altered by adjusting the cylindrical body 13 relative to the bush 15, in that the frustoconical end 13a projects more or less into the vortex chamber 12.

An air inlet channel 18 also opens tangentially into the vortex chamber 12.

This air inlet channel runs in a radial plane relative to the axis A of the vortex chamber 12. The air inlet channel 18 is supplied with compressed air through a pipe union 19.

Three thread channels 21, 22, 23 are also provided and likewise open tangentially into the vortex chamber 12. These thread channels 21, 22, 23 serve for separate introduction of the effect threads El, E2 and E3 into the vortex chamber

12. The mouths 21a, 22a and 23a of the thread channels 21, 22, 23 should be disposed as close together as possible in the circumferential direction of the vortex chamber 12, at approximately the same distance from the mouth 18a of the air inlet channel 18. In this way the airstream emerging from the mouth 18a should act with approximately the same intensity on the effect threads El, E2 and E3 entering the vortex chamber 12 from the mouths 21a, 22a, 23a. Furthermore, the mouths 21a, 22a, 23a of the tangential thread channels 21, 22, 23 are slightly axially offset relative to one another in the axial direction of the vortex chamber 12, i.e. by about the thickness of the effect threads El, E2 and E3 fed through the thread channels 21, 22, 23. In this way the airstream should impinge uniformly on all of the effect threads El, E2, E3 and say for example, the effect thread E1 should not overlap the effect thread E2 in the reeion of the mouth 22a, so that the effect thread E2 would not be properly affected by the airstream.

Since the mouths 21a, 22a, 23a are arranged close together both in the circumferential direction of the vortex chamber 12 and in its axial direction A, the mouths merge into one another.

Furthermore, apart from their mutual axial offset, the tangential thread channels 21, 22, 23 are arranged in substantially the same radial plane as the air channel 18.

It has moreover been found to be advantageous for the mouths 21a, 22a, 23a of the tangential thread channels 21, 22, 23 to be substantially diametrically opposite the mouth 18a of the air inlet channel 18.

Opposite the inlet channel 14 an outlet channel 20 adjoins the vortex chamber 12 and runs in the axial direction A. This outlet channel 20 is advantageously arranged in a second cylindrical body 24, which is adjustable in the housing 11 in the axial direction A and can be clamped fast by means of the clamp screw 25. The diameter D3 of the end 24a of the second cylindrical body 24 adjoining the vortex chamber corresponds to the inner diameter D2 of the vortex chamber. The shape of the vortex chamber 12, i.e. its height below the mouths 18a, 21a, 22a, 23a, can be altered by axial adjustment of the cylindrical body 24.

For the sake of clarity, the foundation thread G fed into the vortex chamber 12 through the inlet channel 14, the effect threads El, E2 and E3 fed into the vortex chamber 12 through the thread channels 21, 22, 23 and the novelty yam emerging from the vortex chamber 12 through the outlet channel 20 are in each case shown only outside the air nozzle 6. The foundation thread G is drawn through the air nozzle 6 at constant feed speed. Depending on the kind of novelty yam to be made, one effect thread E1 or also one or two further effect threads E2 and E3 are fed into the vortex chamber 12 through the thread channels 21, 22, 23 tangentially into the vortex chamber, with different levels of over-feed relative to the foundation thread G. By virtue of the action of the airstream entering the vortex chamber through the air inlet channel 18, the effect threads El, E2, E3 are twirled up with the foundation thread G to various effects, including multicolour effects. The nature of the effect, for example bouci, loop or knop effect, its count, its size, its sequence, etc. are determined on the one hand by control of the respective over feeds of the effect threads and on the other hand b the geometry of the vortex y chamber 12. This geometry can be altered by axial adjustment of the cylindrical bodies 13 and 24 as well as of the bush 15. Effects can thus be changed in the most various ways. By applying scales to the bodies 13, 24 and the bush 15, effects found by trial adjustments can be precisely reproduced.

The novelty yarn E formed in the air nozzle by controlled bringing together of the foundation thread G and the effect threads El, E2, E3 emerges from the air nozzle 6 through the outlet channel 20 and is then fixed in known manner with the aid of the false twister 9 by a fixing thread F, which is drawn off the rotating fixing thread spool 8.

The air nozzle according to the invention can also be used with only one or two effect threads fed in and the other thread channels not used. Instead of three thread channels, two thread channels or four thread channels could be provided if desired.

P t

Claims

1. An air nozzle for making novelty yarns, with a housing, a substantially cylindrical vortex chamber provided in the housing, an inlet channel for a foundation thread opening into the vortex chamber and running substantially in the axial direction thereof, an air inlet channel opening tangentially into the vortex chamber, a thread channel opening tangentially into the vortex chamber and an outlet channel arranged opposite the inlet channel, characterized in that at least one further thread channel (22, 23) is provided, opening tangentially into the vortex chamber (12), with its mouth (22a, 23a) lying closely adjacent the mouth (21a) of the first thread channel (21) in the circumferential direction, in that the mouths (21a, 22a, 23a) of the tangential thread channels (21, 22, 23) are slightly offset relative to one another in the axial direction (A) of the vortex chamber (12) and in that the tangential thread channels (21, 22, 23) are provided for feeding effect threads (El, E2, E3).

2. An air nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the mouths (21a, 22a, 23a) of the tangential thread channels (21, 22, 23) are axially offset relative to one another by approximately the thickness of the effect threads (El, E2, E3) fed through the thread channels.

3. An air nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mouths (21a, 22a, 23a) of the tangential thread channels (21, 22, 23) merge into one another.

4. An air nozzle according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tangential thread channels (21, 22, 23) are, apart from their mutual axial offset, arranged in substantially the same radial plane as the air inlet channel (18).

5. An air nozzle according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the mouths (21a, 22a, 23a) of the tangential thread channels (21, 22, 23) are substantially diametrically opposite the mouth ( 18a) of the air inlet channel (18).

6. An air nozzle according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thread channels (21, 22, 23) and the air inlet channel (18) all extend in radial planes.

7. An air nozzle according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mouth (14a) of the inlet channel (14) for the foundation thread (G) is arranged eccentrically relative to the axis (A) of the vortex chamber (12).

8. An air nozzle according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inlet channel (14) for the foundation thread (G) is arranged in a cylindrical body (13) which is axially adjustable relative to the vortex chamber (12).

9. An air nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that the end (13a) of the body (13) projecting into the vortex chamber (12) is frustoconical.

10. An air nozzle according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the cylindrical body (13) is surrounded by an axially adjustable bush (15), whose end (15a) adjoining the vortex chamber (12) has an outer diameter (D1) which corresponds to the inner diameter (D2) of the vortex chamber (12), so that the axial height of the vortex chamber (12) can be altered by adjusting the bush (15).

11. An air nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet channel (20) is arranged in a second axially adjustable cylindrical body (24), whose end (24a) adjoining the vortex chamber (12) has an outer diameter (D3) which corresponds to the inner diameter (D2) of the vortex chamber (12).