GB2281305A - Removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil - Google Patents
Removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2281305A GB2281305A GB9317846A GB9317846A GB2281305A GB 2281305 A GB2281305 A GB 2281305A GB 9317846 A GB9317846 A GB 9317846A GB 9317846 A GB9317846 A GB 9317846A GB 2281305 A GB2281305 A GB 2281305A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- chlorinated organic
- organic compound
- partially removing
- contaminated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical class OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 61
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- VGVRPFIJEJYOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol Chemical class OC1=C(Cl)C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl VGVRPFIJEJYOFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010016275 Fear Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZHAHJANVBGCOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl hypochlorite Chemical class ClOC1=CC=CC=C1 KZHAHJANVBGCOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
- A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
- A62D3/34—Dehalogenation using reactive chemical agents able to degrade
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
- A62D2101/20—Organic substances
- A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A method for at least partially removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil contaminated therewith, comprises the steps of, adding a blend comprising oil and one or more alkali or alkaline earth metals in order to react the metal with the chlorinated organic compounds and thereafter adding water to the resultant mixture. The method is particularly useful in removing PCB'S from contaminated mineral oil. Thus a recycling process for PCB contaminated mineral oil which allows the reduction of PCB levels in transformers can be achieved.
Description
A-METHOD-OF-REMOVING-CELORINATED-ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS - FROM - OIL The present invention relates to a method for removing chlorinated organic compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenols (PCB'S) from oil.
For many years mineral oil has been used as a coolant and insulator in transformers but it was to some extent replaced by PCB's which have the advantage of greater fire resisting qualities. More recently, the use of PCB's as a coolant and insulator for electrical transformer was increasingly questioned due to the toxicity of the compounds, their strongly carcinogenic nature and the resulting dangers to marine life. The disposal of PCB compounds used in transformers has thus become necessary and has previously been carried out only in incineration. However, there are now fears that fumes which eminate during the incineration process could cause serious health problems and, furthermore, the incineration process is also uneconomic.
PCB's are now banned from use. Unfortunately, the replacement of the PCB in transformers by mineral oil has resulted in the contamination of the latter, and due to a reduction in the allowable disposal levels of PCB, it has become necesary to remove the excess PCB when disposing of the mineral oil. The use of an incineration process for such disposal results in the destruction of the mineral oil and is thus extremely uneconomic.
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an alternative means of removing PCB's from mineral oil without the need for incineration. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a recycling process for PCB contaminated mineral oil. It is a still further object of the present invention to reduce the PCB level in transformers to required levels.
According to the present invention there is provided a method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound for oil contaminated therewith, said method comprising the steps of, adding a blend comprising oil and one or more metals of the alkali and alkaline earth metals in order to react the said metal with at least some of the chlorinated organic compound(s) and thereafter adding water to the resultant mixture.
Preferably, the said method completely removes at least one chlorinated organic compound.
Typically, the chlorinated organic compounds is a polychlorinated aromatic compound such as a polychlorinated aromatic alcohol for example a PCB.
The PCB is respresented by a general formula;
(Cl)n - R1 - R2 - (clam in which R1 is phenyl, R2 is phenyl, n is an integer from 1 to 5 and m is an integer from 1 to 5.
Preferably, the reaction is carried out in the temperature range from 60 C to 200 C. More preferably, the reaction is carried out in the temperature range from 100 C to 1400C.
The steps of adding a blend comprising oil and one or more metals of the alkali and alkaline earth metals in order to react the said metal with at least some of the chlorinated organic compound is carried out in a first reaction chamber and the reaction mixture is then passed to a second chamber and at the point of passing the said reaction mix to the said second chamber water is injected into the reaction mix.
Preferably, the alkali and alkaline earth metal(s) used for the blend are chosen from at least one of lithium, sodium and potassium, but most preferably sodium is used.
Preferably, the blend of sodium and oil comprises between 30 and 70% sodium but more preferably 40-60% sodium by weight is used and most preferably 50% sodium by weight is used. Preferably, the oil of the said oil and metal blend is free of PCB or any other organic chlorine products.
Preferably, the ratio of the blend to contaminated oil is in the range of 0.1cm3 to 250cm3 per litre of contaminated oil but more preferably in the range of 1 to 10cm3 of blend per litre of contaminated oil and most preferably 4cm3 of blend per litre of contaminted oil.
Preferably, the water is added to the resulting mixture at a point when the resultant mixture is passed from a first reaction chamber to a second reaction chamber. Preferably, the water is added by injection.
Preferably the injection of water into the contaminated oil and metal blend mix is in the range of 1 to 100cm3 of water per litre of reaction mix but more preferably 5-15cm3 of water per litre of reaction mix and most preferably 10cm3 is used.
Preferably, the oil and metal blend is metered into the contaminated oil in excess of molar requirements.
Preferably, the contaminated oil is pre-heated to de-gas and remove water from the oil.
Preferably, the oil and metal blend are blended in equal quantities.
Typically, the pre-heated contaminated oil is passed to a reactor where the blend of pre-heated oil and sodium is metered into the contaminated oil stream.
Preferably, the oil and sodium is pre-heated to 1200 C.
The mixture may then be agitated. Typically, after some reaction, the mixture is passed to a second chamber.
Typically, at the point of passing the mixture to the said second chamber water is injected into the mixture so as to neutralise any excess sodium and thereby form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen. The injection of water at this point is crucial to the success of the operation. Besides neutralising excess sodium the water appears to assist the decontaminating reaction to completion, either by acting as a catalyst or by 'mopping up' the products of the first reaction.
Without this water action the reaction is only partially complete, possibly creating other chlorophenols which are even more difficult to eliminate. Preferably, after leaving this second chamber the mixture is then cooled, injected for a second time with water, which neutralises the remaining sodium and passed through the centrifuges whereafter the water and products of the reaction are removed. The oil is then further cooled and passed back to the transformers.
It is preferable to carry out the sodium neutralisation in two steps, as too much water added at the first injection would drown the reaction and cause unnecessary water vapour production. The remaining sodium may thus be neutralised by the water of the second injection.
Typically, the plant in which the method will be used, will be able to decontaminate oil and transformers with PCB levels upto 2000 parts per million or more. This will enable the transformers to be further used or scrapped by conventional methods. The cost of decontamination would be substantially less than the cost of incineration, plus, the oil would be available for reuse or for sale for recycling.
Typically, the plant may be fully mobile and self-contained with its own power supply. A further preferred feature is that the process is worked on a flow basis rather than a batch basis. Furthermore, oil resulting from the process will preferably, not be unduly damaged by the process.
An advantage of the process is that unlike incineration it will be possible for it to be carried out in such a manner as not to cause any hazardous fumes. Furthermore, the decontaminated oil can, if preferred, be recycled through an electrical transformer to reduce the PCB level in the transformer core.
It is envisaged that the process could easily be applied to further chlorinated organic compounds such as alkyl, phenyl, alkoxy and phenoxy chlorides.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 shows a front elevation through a section of a typical reactor;
Fig. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the reactor plant at Fig. 1 located on a trailer; and
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the reactor plant of Figs. 1 and 2.
Referring to Fig. 1 a sodium storage tank 2 and clean oil storage tank 4 are connected by piping to
pumps 6 and 8 respectively, which are in turn connected by piping to a blender 10 which is driven by a motor 12. The sodium and clean oil are transfered to the blender by the pumps and are thereafter passed via piping to an incoming contaminated oil line 14. The incoming oil enters the reaction chamber via a gas separating chamber 16 fitted with a gas venting valve 18 which allows separation of the gas from the incoming oil. An agitator 20 is fitted to the reaction chamber in order to agitate the contaminating oil and sodium/oil mixture. The sodium and clean oil storage tanks together with the motoring pumps and the blender are all located within the reaction chamber are thus conveniently kept at the temperature of the reaction chamber.
A baffle 22 is located within the reaction chamber in the proximity of the outlet of the agitator and is shaped so as to redirect the agitated mixture in a manner that will faciliate the mixing of the reactants. Water is passed into the outlet 24 of the reaction chamber via a tap 26 and piping connecting the said tap and outlet of the reaction chamber. The reaction mixture is thereafter passed into a secondary reaction chamber 28 at the bottom thereof from once it passes up through the reaction chamber to an outlet 30.
Referring to Fig. 2 a 40ft trailer 32 contains four alligned rooms. These include a generator and a compression room 34, a pump room 36, a plant room 38 and a control room 40. The rooms are respectively located behind each preceding room with the generator and compressor room at the front of the trailer and the control room at the rear of the trailer.
Referring to the pump room 36, there is located therein a reel 42 for securing an incoming hose, a pump 42 and filter 46 and a stop valve 48. In addition, for the outgoing hose there is a stop valve 50, an outgoing pump 52 and a reel 54 for securing the outgoing hose.
There is also a recirculating pump 54 for recirculating the oil through the reactor.
Referring to the plant room 38, there is located therein electrical equipment at the sides thereof and also a gas scavenging equipment 58. The plant room also houses centrifuges 60 and 62 and the reactor 64.
Referring to the control room, there is located therein a main control panel 66, a power supply 68, floor controls 70 and floor measurement indicators 72 in addition to a thermistor 74.
Referring to Fig. 3 the incoming contaminated oil passes through the hose held by a reel 42. There is incorporated into the hose for the incoming contaminated oil supply a stop valve 48, a filter 46, and a pump 44, the floor control and measurement apparatus 76 is also located in the hose supply line. Thereafter, the oil passes through a temperature control valve 78, a heat exchanger 80, a condenser 82, -a further heat exchanger 84, heaters 86 and 88 a gas valve 90, the reactor 64, a further heat exchanger 92 a further temperature control valve 94 a radiator cooler with gas valve 96, a further temperature control valve 98, a water wash mixer 100, a gas valve 102, centrifuges 60 and 62 in parallel, a holding tank 104, a first outgoing pump 106, a one-way valve 108, a stop valve 110, a heat exchanger 112, said heat exchanger for exchange of heat with heat exchange 80, heat exchange 92 being similarly connected with heat exchanger 84, a brake tank 114, a second outgoing pump 82, a stop valve 50, and a reel for holding the outgoing hose 56.
A recycling circuit connected at the outlet of the brake tank 114 passes the oil via a recycling pump 54 and a recycled oil flow controller 116 back through the decontamination process immediately prior to the temperature control valve 78.
Water passes from a water tank 118 under the force of a water pump 120 via a water metering and measurement device 122 into the reactor immediately prior to the secondary reaction chamber. The water may also be similarly pumped via a second water metering and measurement device 124 into the products of the reaction for the purposes of a water wash, the water wash being facilitated by the mixer 100. After centrifugation, the aqueous phase is passed to an evaporator unit 126, where the water is evaporated and passed back to the condenser 82, whereafter the recycled condensed water passes back into the water tank 118.
The oil is pumped into the plant and after filtration, is pumped through the system at a controlled flow rate. The oil is heated to 1200C and thereafter passes into a gas separater unit 16 fitted with a gas venting valve 18 which latter allows the separated gas to escape. The heating of the oil also permits the escape of any water that may be present in the oil. The de-watering of the oil is vital to the next stage where a sodium and oil mixed blend is metered into the oil stream. If there is any water present in the contaminated oil this will intefere with the reaction of the sodium blend and contaminated oil. After de-gassing and de-watering the contaminated oil is passed into the reactor where in a metered supply of a sodium and oil (50/50 approx) blend, is metered into the contaminated oil stream at 1200C in the volume ratio 4:1000. The mixture is thoroughly agitated in the primary 250 litre reactor chamber. The atoms of sodium attract the atoms of chlorine from the PCB creating sodium chloride and phenol. The next step involves passing the whole mixture to a second chamber which involves injecting the mixture with water at the point of passing to the said second chamber thus neutralising some or all of the sodium into sodium hydroxide and hydrogen. The injection of water at this point is crucial to the success of the process.
Besides neutralising much of the excess sodium it also appears to assist the decontamination reaction to completion either by acting as a catalyst or by 'mopping up' the products of the first reaction. Without this water action the reaction is only partially complete, possibly creating cholorophenols which are even more difficult to eliminate.
Upon passing the whole mixture to a second 150 litre reaction chamber water is again injected, neutralising the remaining sodium into sodium hydroxide and hydrogen. After leaving the said second chamber the oil is then cooled, more water injected and passed through the centrifuges to remove the water and the products of the reaction. The oil is then further cooled and passed back to the transformer. The process may be repeated if required. The water, after removal from the centrifuges is evaporated and passed back to a condensor whereafter it may be re-used for the second stage of the reaction.
The process uses heat exchanges to recover the heat from the oil after the reaction chamber and pass this back to the incoming oil, electrical heaters are also used. Pneumatic valves are used to control the oil flow at certain points. The by-products of the reaction are reduced to a liqour in an evaporator where the water is recovered for re-use in the same system. The liqour is drained off from time to time pending proper disposal.
The liqour for disposal contains no PCB. The process destroys the PCB'S and then removes the resulting products of reaction from the oil.
The heating, cooling and evaporating operation are all automatically controlled, All gases and vapours prodcued during the process are collected, dilluted with air and consumed by the diesel engine which drives the generators.
Many safety systems are built into the plant all temperatures are monitored as are pressures and gas production. Excess pressures and gas production would cause the plant to shut automatically and systematically.
Fire supression systems are also built in.
It will be appreciated that various modifications and adaptations to the plant and reactor are possible.
Claims (38)
1. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith, said method comprising the steps of, adding a blend comprising oil and one or more metals of the alkali and alkaline earth metals in order to react the said metal with at least some of the chlorinated organic compound(s) and thereafter adding water to the resultant mixture.
2. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith in accordance with claim 1, wherein the said method completely removes at least one chlorinated organic compound.
3. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the chlorinated organic compounds is a polychlorinated aromatic compound such as a polychlorinated aromatic alcohol for example a PCB.
4. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith according to any of claims 1 to 3 wherein the reaction is carried out in the temperature range from 60 - 200"C.
5. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith according to any of claims 1 to 4 wherein the reaction is carried out in the temperature range from 100 - 140"C.
6. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the steps of adding a blend comprising oil and one or more metals of the alkali and alkaline earth metals in order to react the said metal with at least some of the chlorinated organic compound is carried out in a first reaction chamber and the reaction mixture is then passed to a second chamber and at the point of passing the said reaction mix to the said second chamber water is injected into the reaction mix.
7. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith according to any of claims 1 to 6 wherein the alkali metal(s) used for the blend are chosen from at least one of lithium, sodium and potassium.
8. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6 wherein the alkali metal is sodium.
9. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8 wherein the blend of sodium and oil comprises between 30 and 70% sodium.
10. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6 wherein the blend of sodium and oil comprises 40 to 60% sodium by weight.
11. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith according to any of claims 1 to 8 wherein the blend of sodium and oil comprises 50% by weight.
12. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith according to any preceding claim wherein the oil of the said oil and metal blend is free of PCB or any other chlorine products.
13. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the ratio of the blend to contaminated oil is in the range of 0.01cm3 to 250cm3 per litre of contaminated oil.
14. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the ratio of the blend to contaminated oil is in the range of 1 to 10cm3.
15. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the ratio of the blend to contaminated oil is 4cm3 of blend per litre of contaminated oil.
16. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the water is added to the resultant mixture at a point when the resultant mixture is passed form a first reaction chamber to a second reaction chamber.
17. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in claim 16 wherein the water is added by injection.
18. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the water is added by injection and the injection of water into the contaminated water and metal blend mix is in the range of 1 to 100cm3 of water per litre of reaction mix.
19. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the water is added by injection and the injection of water into the contaminated water and metal blend mix is in the range of 5 to 15cm3.
20. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the injection of water into the contaminated oil and metal blend mix is 10cm3 of water per litre of reaction mix.
21. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the oil and metal blend is metered into the contaminated oil in excess of molar requirements.
22. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the contaminated oil is pre-heated to de-gas and remove water from the oil.
23. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the oil and metal blend are blended in equal quantities.
24. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in claims 22 or 23 wherein the pre-heated contaminated oil is passed to a reactor where the blend of preheated oil and sodium is metered into the contaminated oil stream.
25. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the oil and sodium in pre-heated to 120"C.
26. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim wherein the mixture is agitated.
27. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any preceding claim where after some reaction, the mixture is passed to a second chamber.
28. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in claim 27 wherein at the point of passing the mixture to the said second chamber water is injected into the mixture so as to neutralise any excess sodium and thereby forming sodium1 hydroxide and hydrogen.
29. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in any of claims 27 or 28 wherein after leaving the said second chamber the mixture is then cooled, injected for a second time with water, which neutralises the remaining sodium and is then passed through the centrifuges whereafter the water and products of the reaction are removed.
30. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith as claimed in claims 28 or 29 wherein the sodium neutralisation is carried out in two steps.
31. A plant utilising a method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith, said method comprising the steps of adding a blend comprising oil and one or more metals of the alkali and alkaline earth metals in order to react the said metal with at least some of the chlorinated organic compounds and thereafter adding water to the resultant mixture.
32. A plant as claimed in claim 31 in which the method will be used to decontaminate oil and transformers with PCB levels upto 2000 parts per million or more.
33. A plant as claimed in claim 31 which is fully mobile.
34. A plant as claimed in any of claims 31 to 33 wherein the plant is self contained with its own power supply.
35. A plant as claimed in any of claims 31 to 34 wherein the method is worked on a flow basis rather than a batch basis.
36. A method for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith, as substantially described herein with reference to and illustrated by figs.1,2,3,
37. A plant for at least partially removing at least one chlorinated organic compound from oil contaminated therewith1 substantially as described herein before with reference and illustrated by figs 1 to 3.
38. A plant as claimed in claim 31, utilising a method as defined in any of claims 1 to 30.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9317846A GB2281305A (en) | 1993-08-27 | 1993-08-27 | Removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9317846A GB2281305A (en) | 1993-08-27 | 1993-08-27 | Removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9317846D0 GB9317846D0 (en) | 1993-10-13 |
| GB2281305A true GB2281305A (en) | 1995-03-01 |
Family
ID=10741133
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9317846A Withdrawn GB2281305A (en) | 1993-08-27 | 1993-08-27 | Removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2281305A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1102635C (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2003-03-05 | 石油大学(华东) | Method for preparing solid alkali for oil refinery |
| ES2192894A1 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2003-10-16 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Method and device for disposing electrical equipment |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2017143A (en) * | 1978-03-25 | 1979-10-03 | Degussa | Process for regenerating spent lubricating oils |
| GB2063908A (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-06-10 | Sunohio | Method of destruction of polyhalogenated biphenyls |
| GB2081298A (en) * | 1980-07-23 | 1982-02-17 | Sunohio | System and apparatus for the removal and destruction of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons |
| GB2082625A (en) * | 1980-08-25 | 1982-03-10 | Sunohio | A method for the destruction of polyhalogenated biphenyl compounds |
| US4416767A (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1983-11-22 | Sun-Ohio, Inc. | Method and apparatus for the removal of excess sodium reagent and byproducts of reaction produced during the destruction and removal of polychlorinated biphenyls from oil |
| EP0099951A1 (en) * | 1982-07-27 | 1984-02-08 | Ontario Hydro | Process for dehalogenation of organic halides |
| WO1986006297A1 (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1986-11-06 | Layman Robert G | Apparatus and method of decontaminating hydrocarbons containing pcb |
-
1993
- 1993-08-27 GB GB9317846A patent/GB2281305A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2017143A (en) * | 1978-03-25 | 1979-10-03 | Degussa | Process for regenerating spent lubricating oils |
| GB2063908A (en) * | 1979-11-30 | 1981-06-10 | Sunohio | Method of destruction of polyhalogenated biphenyls |
| GB2081298A (en) * | 1980-07-23 | 1982-02-17 | Sunohio | System and apparatus for the removal and destruction of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons |
| GB2082625A (en) * | 1980-08-25 | 1982-03-10 | Sunohio | A method for the destruction of polyhalogenated biphenyl compounds |
| US4416767A (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1983-11-22 | Sun-Ohio, Inc. | Method and apparatus for the removal of excess sodium reagent and byproducts of reaction produced during the destruction and removal of polychlorinated biphenyls from oil |
| EP0099951A1 (en) * | 1982-07-27 | 1984-02-08 | Ontario Hydro | Process for dehalogenation of organic halides |
| WO1986006297A1 (en) * | 1985-04-29 | 1986-11-06 | Layman Robert G | Apparatus and method of decontaminating hydrocarbons containing pcb |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2192894A1 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2003-10-16 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Method and device for disposing electrical equipment |
| ES2192894B1 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2004-10-16 | Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE ELIMINATION OF LARGE ELECTRICAL DEVICES. |
| CN1102635C (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2003-03-05 | 石油大学(华东) | Method for preparing solid alkali for oil refinery |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9317846D0 (en) | 1993-10-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4340471A (en) | System and apparatus for the continuous destruction and removal of polychlorinated biphenyls from fluids | |
| EP0160668B1 (en) | Method for reducing content of halogenated aromatics in hydrocarbon solutions | |
| US5425814A (en) | Method for quick turnaround of hydrocarbon processing units | |
| MXPA03003255A (en) | Polystyrene reclamation process. | |
| WO1990012853A1 (en) | Degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls | |
| US5149444A (en) | Process for the decontamination of soils, sediments, and sludges | |
| GB2281305A (en) | Removing chlorinated organic compounds from oil | |
| JPS59131373A (en) | Removal of pcb and other hologenated organic compound from organic liquid | |
| DE69702141T2 (en) | REFRIGERANT REMOVAL | |
| EP1291040B1 (en) | Method for neutralizing solid residue in abandoned chemical weapons | |
| GB2178588A (en) | Method and apparatus of treatment of radioactive liquid waste | |
| RU2224178C1 (en) | Plasma-chemical method of decontamination of gaseous and liquid halogen organic agents and wastes containing such agents | |
| RU2146567C1 (en) | Method and device for utilization of organic compounds | |
| JPH09103767A (en) | Method for removing adsorbable organic halogen compound fromwastewater | |
| KR100358206B1 (en) | Dechlorination method of organic chlorine compounds | |
| GB2260992A (en) | Cleaning the metal surface of a component by circulating aqueous soda and then washing with water | |
| US20240254009A1 (en) | Removing Residual PFAS from Internal Surfaces of Firefighting Equipment | |
| JPH09313804A (en) | Separation of inorganic component in insulating oil | |
| JP3426730B2 (en) | Plastic recycling method and apparatus | |
| JP2000005594A (en) | Bydrothermal reaction treatment of pcb and device therefor | |
| EP1025891A1 (en) | Method and equipment for treating untreated liquid substance | |
| JP2001026790A (en) | Method for reusing oils and resins containing inorganic chlorine and the like and method for producing liquid auxiliary fuel | |
| JP2003170040A (en) | Treatment method and treatment apparatus for polychlorinated aromatic compound-containing insulating oil | |
| JP2000246231A (en) | Method and apparatus for purifying solid substance containing organic halogen compound | |
| JP2000117736A (en) | Removing method of halogen from plastic waste |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |