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GB2275654A - Smart card with LCD and energy store for receiving external power - Google Patents

Smart card with LCD and energy store for receiving external power Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2275654A
GB2275654A GB9304408A GB9304408A GB2275654A GB 2275654 A GB2275654 A GB 2275654A GB 9304408 A GB9304408 A GB 9304408A GB 9304408 A GB9304408 A GB 9304408A GB 2275654 A GB2275654 A GB 2275654A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
display
smart card
data memory
accessing apparatus
card
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9304408A
Other versions
GB9304408D0 (en
GB2275654B (en
Inventor
Martin Robert Pollock
John Andrew Jackson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Landis and Gyr Energy Management UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Landis and Gyr Energy Management UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Landis and Gyr Energy Management UK Ltd filed Critical Landis and Gyr Energy Management UK Ltd
Priority to GB9304408A priority Critical patent/GB2275654B/en
Publication of GB9304408D0 publication Critical patent/GB9304408D0/en
Priority to AU61127/94A priority patent/AU6112794A/en
Priority to PCT/GB1994/000376 priority patent/WO1994020929A1/en
Publication of GB2275654A publication Critical patent/GB2275654A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2275654B publication Critical patent/GB2275654B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07701—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction
    • G06K19/07703—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier comprising an interface suitable for human interaction the interface being visual
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A smart card (100) comprises an electronic data memory (110); an interface unit (160) connected to the data memory, to allow access to the data memory by an external card accessing apparatus (170); and a liquid crystal display (120) operable to display information indicative of the contents of the data memory. The display (120) is powered externally by the card accessing apparatus (170), an energy store (150) e.g. a capacitor, being provided to power the display after interaction with the apparatus (170) has finished. <IMAGE>

Description

SMART CARD This invention relates to smart cards.
Smart cards are small electronic devices comprising an electronic data memory, the contents of which may be modified by an external card accessing device. They are increasingly being used in place of more traditional transaction cards (e.g. credit or identification cards) in which data are recorded on a magnetic strip.
Smart cards are generally similar in size to standard credit cards (approximately 85 x 55 mm). Although smart cards may be more expensive to manufacture than cards employing magnetic strips, they do offer a number of recognised advantages over such cards. These advantages relate to the additional data storage capacity achieved by using electronic memories rather than magnetic recording, and to the fact that the cards can include active data processing elements in addition to the data storage functions provided by the data memory.
In order to perform a transaction such as an electronic payment, a smart card must interact with a separate card accessing apparatus so that the accessing apparatus may read the contents of the data memory held on the card. A connection between the smart card and the card accessing apparatus may be made through complementary sets of electrical contacts mounted on the smart card and the apparatus, or through complementary induction coils housed in the smart card and the apparatus. In either case, the connection may also be employed to provide power to the smart card for the duration of the transaction.
Information relating to the transaction (such as the amount of the payment, a cash balance held on the card and card identification data) may be displayed on the card reading apparatus while the transaction is being performed.
This invention provides a smart card comprising: an electronic data memory; an interface means connected to the data memory. to allow access to the data memory by an external card accessing apparatus; and a data display operable to display information indicative of the contents of the data memory.
A smart card according to the invention incorporates a data display operable to display information indicative of the data held by the card. This means that the user is able to ascertain the contents of the data memory in between transactions involving the smart card.
For example, if the data memory stores a cash balance (or the equivalent) for use in a cashless payment system, the data display may be used to indicate the remaining cash balance at various times between successive transactions.
Preferably the interface means comprises means cooperable with a card accessing apparatus for receiving electrical energy from the card accessing apparatus to power the display. This avoids the need to provide a power source (such as a battery) on the smart card in order to power the display.
In one preferred embodiment, in order that the information may be displayed for longer than the duration of a transaction, the smart card comprises means for storing electrical energy received from the card accessing apparatus. This may be achieved by employing means for activating the display to display the information for a predetermined time. Preferably, to avoid the need to provide user-operated controls on the smart card itself, the means for activating is responsive to an access to the data memory by a card accessing apparatus.
Preferably the display comprises one or more permanent legends.
in order to increase the intelligibility of the displayed information.
It is preferred that the display comprises a liquid crystal display, because of the particularly low power consumption of this family of displays. A preferred type of liquid crystal display is the so-called twisted nematic liquid crystal display.
In another preferred embodiment, the display is driven to display the information by an electrical display signal and continues to display that information after removal of the display signal. The use of a bistable display of this type means that the information indicative of the contents of the data memory (for example, a cash balance or a number of payment units remaining) may displayed at all times between successive transactions. Various displays, such as socalled ferro-electric displays, could be used in this way; however, in a preferred embodiment the display comprises a smectic liquid crystal display.
Although the interface means may comprise complementary induction coils housed in the smart card and the card accessing apparatus, in an advantageously simple embodiment the interface means comprises a plurality of electrical contacts mounted on the smart card, for cooperating with complementary contacts mounted on a card accessing apparatus.
In order that active data processing operations may be performed by the smart card, it is preferred that the smart card comprises a data processor connected to the interface means, the data memory and the display.
Preferably the data memory is operable to store data relating to financial transactions; and the display is operable to display information relating to a most recent one of the financial transactions.
Viewed from a second aspect this invention provides a smart card comprising: an electronic data memory; an interface means connected to the data memory, to allow access to the data memory by an external card accessing apparatus, the interface means comprising means cooperable with a card accessing apparatus for receiving electrical energy from the card accessing apparatus; and means for storing electrical energy received from the card accessing apparatus.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a smart card according to the invention.
Referring now to Figure 1, a smart card 100 comprises a data memory 110, a liquid crystal (LCD) data display 120, a display driver 130, a data processor 140 such as a microprocessor or an applicationspecific integrated circuit (ASIC), an energy store 150 and an interface unit 160.
The smart card 100 is formed as a thin rectangular plastics card conforming to a standard size of 85 mm long, 55 mm wide and about 1 to 5 mm thick. The data memory 110, the display driver and the data processor 140 are fabricated as a single integrated circuit housed within the plastics card.
One function of the interface unit 160 is to provide a data interface between the data memory 110 and an external card accessing apparatus 170 (e.g. a card reader). In order to establish such an interface, an electrical connection between the interface unit 160 and the card accessing apparatus 170 is required. In the present embodiment, this is achieved by forming a physical connection between a number of electrical contacts on the smart card and complementary contacts on the card accessing apparatus 170. In this case, the physical connection can be formed reliably by placing the smart card into a card-receiving slot on the card accessing apparatus.
The interface unit 160 also provides a power supply connection between the smart card and the card accessing apparatus. This means that the electronic circuitry contained within the smart card can be powered by a power source in the accessing apparatus for the time in which the accessing apparatus is interacting with the smart card. This avoids the need to provide a power source (such as a battery) in the smart card itself, but requires that the data memory 110 is a nonvolatile random access memory (i.e. the contents of the data memory are not lost when power is removed from the memory).
When a power supply connection is established between the interface unit 160 and the card accessing apparatus 170, electrical energy is stored in the energy store 150 (e.g. a capacitor). As described below, the stored electrical energy is used to power the data display 120 after the interaction between the smart card 100 and the card accessing apparatus has finished.
An alternative type of connection between the interface unit and the card accessing apparatus may be provided by complementary induction coils housed within the smart card and the accessing apparatus. Data and power can be transmitted between the complementary coils by electromagnetic induction. This system avoids the requirement of physical contact between the smart card and the accessing apparatus, at the expense of a more complicated interface unit.
The data memory 110 stores data relating to, for example, financial transactions or security identification, depending on the particular application of the card. For example, a smart card in which the data memory 110 stores data representing a cash balance can be used as part of a cashless payment system. When a payment is to be made, the smart card is first connected to a card accessing apparatus by means of the interface unit 160. The card accessing apparatus then makes various security checks before reading the current cash balance held in the data memory 110, deducting the amount of the payment from that balance, and finally writing the modified balance back into the data memory 110.
The data display 120 displays information indicative of the contents of the data memory 110. This information may be, for example, a current cash balance held by the data memory 110, the amount of the most recent payment made using the smart card (i.e. reflecting the most recent change to the contents of the data memory, and acting as an electronic receipt for the transaction), security authorisation information or the like. The display driver 130 is activated at the start of a transaction in which the card accessing unit reads from or writes to the data memory 110, and remains activated for a predetermined period after termination of that transaction. During the predetermined period after the end of the transaction, the data display 120 is powered by the electrical energy stored in the energy store 150 during the transaction.A suitable type of display device for use in this embodiment is the so-called twisted nematic liquid crystal display. In order to increase the intelligibility of the displayed information, the data display may be annotated with permanent legends such as the words "current balance".
In an alternative embodiment, a bistable liquid crystal display is employed, such as a ferro-electric or smectic liquid crystal display. The data display is driven by the display driver 130 to display certain information while the transaction is taking place, and then continues to display that information after power has been removed. This type of display can therefore be used to provide a constant indication of the state of the data memory 110 (e.g. the remaining cash balance held by the card).
Smart cards according to the embodiments described above have potential uses in a number of commercial fields, such as: Gaming and promotions; Banking, credit and financial transactions; Receipting of electronic payments; Misuse, fraud and tamper evidence; Information validation and/or control; Advertising; and Security access control.

Claims (15)

1. A smart card comprising: an electronic data memory; an interface means connected to the data memory, to allow access to the data memory by an external card accessing apparatus; and a data display operable to display information indicative of the contents of the data memory.
2. A smart card according to claim 1, in which the interface means comprises means cooperable with a card accessing apparatus for receiving electrical energy from the card accessing apparatus to power the display.
3. A smart card according to claim 2, comprising means for storing electrical energy received from the card accessing apparatus.
4. A smart card according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising means for activating the display to display the information for a predetermined time.
5. A smart card according to claim 4, in which the means for activating is responsive to an access to the data memory by a card accessing apparatus.
6. A smart card according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the display comprises one or more permanent legends.
7. A smart card according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the display comprises a liquid crystal display.
8. A smart card according to claim 7, in which the display comprises a twisted nematic liquid crystal display.
9. A smart card according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the display is driven to display the information by an electrical display signal and continues to display that information after removal of the display signal.
10. A smart card according to claim 7 and claim 9, in which the display comprises a smectic liquid crystal display.
11. A smart card according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the interface means comprises a plurality of electrical contacts mounted on the smart card, for cooperating with complementary contacts mounted on a card accessing apparatus.
12. A smart card according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a data processor connected to the interface means, the data memory and the display.
13. A smart card according to any one of the preceding claims, in which: the data memory is operable to store data relating to financial transactions; and the display is operable to display information relating to a most recent one of the financial transactions.
14. A smart card comprising: an electronic data memory; an interface means connected to the data memory, to allow access to the data memory by an external card accessing apparatus, the interface means comprising means cooperable with a card accessing apparatus for receiving electrical energy from the card accessing apparatus; and means for storing electrical energy received from the card accessing apparatus.
15. A smart card substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
GB9304408A 1993-03-04 1993-03-04 Smart card Expired - Fee Related GB2275654B (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9304408A GB2275654B (en) 1993-03-04 1993-03-04 Smart card
AU61127/94A AU6112794A (en) 1993-03-04 1994-02-25 Smart card
PCT/GB1994/000376 WO1994020929A1 (en) 1993-03-04 1994-02-25 Smart card

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9304408A GB2275654B (en) 1993-03-04 1993-03-04 Smart card

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9304408D0 GB9304408D0 (en) 1993-04-21
GB2275654A true GB2275654A (en) 1994-09-07
GB2275654B GB2275654B (en) 1996-11-13

Family

ID=10731453

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9304408A Expired - Fee Related GB2275654B (en) 1993-03-04 1993-03-04 Smart card

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU6112794A (en)
GB (1) GB2275654B (en)
WO (1) WO1994020929A1 (en)

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WO2000026868A1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2000-05-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Data carrier with protection against spy out
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WO2002050643A1 (en) * 2000-12-19 2002-06-27 Cypak Ab Secure digital signing of data
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US7747463B1 (en) 1998-06-22 2010-06-29 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
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Cited By (92)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2333494A (en) * 1998-01-27 1999-07-28 Ibm Smart card for electronic cash transactions having ferroelectric LCD
EP0940770A3 (en) * 1998-03-06 2000-08-30 Deutsche Telekom AG Chip card, especially credit balances recording card
US7805368B2 (en) 1998-06-22 2010-09-28 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
US7363273B2 (en) 1998-06-22 2008-04-22 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
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US7171388B2 (en) 1998-06-22 2007-01-30 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
US7130828B2 (en) 1998-06-22 2006-10-31 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
US7174314B2 (en) 1998-06-22 2007-02-06 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
US7747463B1 (en) 1998-06-22 2010-06-29 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
US7174315B2 (en) 1998-06-22 2007-02-06 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or deliveries to others
US7174317B2 (en) 1998-06-22 2007-02-06 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
US7174316B2 (en) 1998-06-22 2007-02-06 Jpmorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Debit purchasing of stored value card for use by and/or delivery to others
WO2000001100A1 (en) * 1998-06-26 2000-01-06 Ascom Nordic A/S An apparatus and method for secure information processing
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WO1994020929A1 (en) 1994-09-15
AU6112794A (en) 1994-09-26
GB2275654B (en) 1996-11-13

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