GB2275194A

GB2275194A - Plant Extract Disinfectant

Info

Publication number: GB2275194A
Application number: GB9303294A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Yung-Feng Hung
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-02-18
Filing date: 1993-02-18
Publication date: 1994-08-24
Also published as: GB9303294D0; JPH06256129A

Abstract

A non-toxic disinfectant comprises one of its major ingredients the Wu-ren solution which is a mixture of extracts from various Chinese medicinal plants. This solution which is antimycotic, antibacterial, and antimicrobioiogical contains such bactericidal compounds as oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, fumaric acid, benzene-carboxylic acid and succinic acid as the main active ingredients. The disinfectant is non-toxic and hypoallergenic. The solution is effective for concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 percent.

Description

Title : A Non-toxic Disinfectant This invention relates to a disinfectant, particularity shows excellent antimyeotic and anti-microbiological effects.

There are many types of harmful microbiological agents in the air that could enter the human body through breathing.

Depending on the physiological condition of the individual, each exposure to such agents will result in different degrees of physiological and pathological reactions.

A general survey shows that there are about forty one major types of infections diseases in the world that are spread through various media. About fourteen of which are spread through the air making it the number one medium.

During the 1980's a survey of infections diseases conducted in the United Kingdoms showed that respiratory tract infection ranks as the number one infections disease consisting of 30.3% of total number of contractions. At the same time, the problems of secondary infection and the prevention of the spread of infections diseases in the hospitals, have remained important issues. For these reasons a great deal of international attention is focused on the methods of effectively cleaning and disinfecting the air.

Various countries have already under taken major R & A efforts in finding different kinds of disinfectants in the attempt to reduce the health hazards caused by air-borne microbiological agents. Presently there are several scores of commercially available disinfectants on the market. Although they are generally effective as aerial and surface disinfectants, they are nevertheless toxic, irritative and corrosive and tend to have environmental problems that limit their application in hospitals, drug manufacturing plants and food processing factories.

The present invention concerns a non-toxic disinfectant of which the Wu-ren solution is the major effective ingredient. This disinfectant shows excellent antimyeotic, antibacterial and anti-microbiological effects and is effective in the treatment of skin diseases, psoriasis, beriberi and hepatitis.

Recently, a novel disinfectant has been developed from extracts of certain natural plants. We call it the Wu-ren solution. It is not only non-toxic but also highly effective in destroying various kinds of hazardous microbes and could be safely utilized in our living environment.

The Wu-ren solution which is separated and extracted from various medicinal plants is clearly effective in suppressing and/or destroying various bacteria, fungi and viruses. After proper processing, it can be used as a food preservative for as well as a disinfectant or a curative medicine. Since it is a natural substance high in its disinfectiveness and low in its toxicity, its commercial value is considerable.

Through extraction, separation by photo-chromatography and GC/MS analysis the main chemical compounds of the Wu-ren solution are identified as follows: (1) Aralkyls: such as toluene, ethyl-benzene, indene which possess antibacterial characteristic.

(2) Polyakyl aldehyde and its esters: such as octanoic acid, methyl hexadecanate which have a strong antibacterial characteristic as well as an anti-cancer characteristic.

(3) Phenols: which promote the settlement of protein, could change the permeability of cell membrane. And have strong antibacterial and preservational characteristics.

(4) Benzoic acids: which are effective against food deterio ration and bacterial infection.

(5) Acids: such as oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid and benzene-carboxylic acid which are all excellent in disinfecting against bacteria.

(6) Other: such as furans which can supress the actions of acetylase and interfere with the metabolism of bacteria; or pyridine which can also destroy germs through the disruption of their metabolism.

Three types of wu-ren solutions were prepared and are designated Al, B1, and B2. Al is a white, transparent and water soluble solution which is slightly acidic B1 and B2 are brown, oily solutions which have a burnt smell and are soluble in such organic solutions as ethanol and ethyl acetate. Its specific gravity is 1.027 at 10 C and have a pH value between 5 to 6.

The toxicity and the bactericidal quality of the Wuren solutions were demonstrated by the following experiments. These experiments are introduced in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Wu-ren solution in the destruction of microbiological agents and should not be construed to prescribe a limit to the use of the solution in the present patent application.

Example 1, acute toxicity test (1) Twenty mice were selected 50% of them were male and 50% female. Their body weights range between 17 to 20 g. The mice were separated into two groups. One group was forced fed directly to the stomach of Al solution at 0.5 ml per 20g body weight. The other group was given B1 solution also at 0.5 ml per 20 g body weight.

Observations were made continually for one week after administration of the solution. None of the mice died as a result of this experiment. (Room temperature was set at 15 C.) (2) Four healthy domesticated rabbits were selected, each weighing approximately 2 kg. Three rabbits were forced fed directly to the stomach of Al, B1 and B2 solutions respectively at 10 ml per 2 kg body weight. The fourth was given 10ml per 2kg of saline. Observations were made continually for one week after administration of the solutions. None of the rabbits died or exhibited symptoms of intoxication. The dosage involved In the experiment were directly administered to the stomach and was equivalent to 5000 ml/kg.And was equivalent to three times the dosage of administered orally ( LDS0 1500mgikg.) Example 2, LD50 oral dosage test Fifty mice were selected. 50% of them were male and 50% female. They were further separated into 5 groups and fed by normal method diluted solution through the stomach. After the dosages were given, the mice were observed for a week afterwards and the condition of death were recorded and the bodies disected. Bliss calculation showed that LD50 is equivalent to about 1737.90 mg/kg with 95% of LD50 between 1399.6 to 1689.6 mg/kg. From these results, it was concluded that Nu-ren solutions are lower in toxicity then phenols (LD50 = 282 mg/kg) or benzoic acid. All death occurred 24hours after being fed the solution, and the mice appeared normal at the time. Their tissues after dissecting do not show any apparent pathological changes.

Example 3, skin irritation test Twenty four brown rats with weights between 250 to 350g were selected. Half of them were male and other half female.

They were evenly divided into 4 groups with testing solutions of Al, B1, B2 and a control solution. Skin irritation tests were carried out according to the DECD method. Skin reactions such as edema, erythema were observed one hour, 4 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours after the solutions were applied to the skin.

The degrees of skin reaction were evaluated as follows: Degree of reaction Ratio None 0.0 0.4 Slight 0.5 1.9 Medium 2.0 5.9 Strong 6.0 8.0 Skin tests at room temperature and 73% humidity showed the following results: Group Erythema(%) Oedema(%) Total Degree of Stimulation Al 0.16 0 0.16 none B1 0.33 0 0.33 none B2 0.5 0.16 0.66 slight control 1.33 0.5 1.83 slight From these test data, it could be concluded that Wu-ren solutions Al and B1 are almost totally non-irritating and B2 and the control solution are only slightly irritating.

Example 4, disinfection tests of Wu-ren solutions I. Results of disinfection tests against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Shigella dvsenteriae, and Pseudomonas aeruinosa with the Wu-ren solution according to the MBC method were recorded.

Concentration Bacterial Sol Solution Dosage of the (8 x 10/ml) (ml) disinfection sol(ml) 1% 0.5 1.40 0.02 5 0.5 1.40 0.10 10% 0.5 1.30 0.20 15% 0.5 1.20 0.30 20% 0.5 1.10 0.40 Test results showed: (1) Al and B2 at 15% concentration were effective in disinfecting E. coli, S. dvsenteriae and P. aerusinosa within ten minutes.

(2) B1 at 15% concentration disinfected E. coli, S.

dysenteriae k and P. aeruqinosa within only five minutes.

(3) B1 at 20% concentration disinfected S. aureus within five minutes.

II. Wu-ren solutions were tested againstSerratia Marcescens with the test tube method. Results are shown as follows: Disin- Concen- Average live Bactericidal t P fectant tration(%) bacteria count rate 100 13.0 79.03 13.57 < 0.001 Al 50 14.0 82.26 15.37 < 0.001 1 18.0 70.97 14.31 < 0.001 B1 100 0.7 98.87 19.04 < 0.001 50 11.3 81.77 19.20 < 0.001 1 20.0 67.74 8.09 < 0.05 0 62.0 100 0.0 100 155.41 < 0.001 B2 50 0.3 99.48 98.62 < 0.001 1 37.0 35.65 6.74 < 0.05 0 57.5 III. Wu-ren solutions were tested against Bacillus subtilis using test tube method.Results are shown as follows: Disin- Concen- Average live Bactericidal t P fectant tration(%) bacteria count rate(%) 100 39.3 39.26 4.99 < 0.01 Al 50 47.7 26.29 3.67 < 0.05 1 51.0 21.17 2.24 < 0.05 0 64.7 0.00 100 16.3 67.4 9.01 < 0.001 B1 50 31.0 38.0 3.71 < 0.05 1 44.0 11.4 1.52 < 0.05 0 50.0 0.0 100 1.70 97.21 41.70 < 0.001 B2 50 8.70 85.74 28.60 < 0.001 1 '4.CO 0.00 0.78 < 0.0 IV. Wu-ren solutions ere tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the test tube method. After two repeated tests, results showed tat 100% concentration of Al, #l and B2 were added when to 10 to 10 concentration of M.

tuberculosis solution, the .H. tuberculosis ceased growing after five minutes.

V. u-rn were tested against Nlisseria qonorrhea using the test tube method. Test results showed that 100% concentration of Al solutions is effective in disinfecting against the germ within five minutes and 50% concentration of 1 solution is effective within ten minutes (no bacterial growth).

Example 5, disinfection of Nu-ren solutions against mold and mildew Wu-ren solutions were tested against Candida albicans and Ascergillus flavus. Results are shown as follows: Disin- Concen- Average live bacterial Bactericidal rate (%) fectant tration count C. albicans A. flavus C. albicans A. flavus 100 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 50 7.0 0.0 91.7 100.0 Al 25 7.7 7.0 90.2 93.0 10 54.7 92.0 31.0 8.0 1 70.4 94.0 6.7 5.0 0 79.3 100.0 0.0 0.0 100 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 50 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 B1 25 0.6 7.0 99.3 93.0 10 1.0 96.0 98.7 4.0 1 48.0 102.0 39.5 0.0 0 79.3 100.0 0.0 0.0 100 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 50 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 8 25 0.0 0.0 100.0 100.0 10 0.3 0.0 99.6 100.0 1 4.7 45.0 94.1 100.0 0 79.3 100.0 0.0 0.0 Wu-ren solution Al at 30% concentration showed excellent disinfecting effects against .sperrillus flavus, X. nigger, Penicillinum, Trichoderma, Nigrospora, etc. as tested by using the BC method.

Example 6, Wu-ren solutions were tested against virus I. Wu-ren solutions were tested against bacteriophage T-3.

The results are shown as follows: ( within 10 minutes Disin- Concen- Average live bacteria Bactericidal fectant tration(%) count (plaque) rate(%) 100.0 0.0 100.0 Al 50.0 0.0 100.0 10.0 25.0 96.7 1.0 79.0 86.1 0.0 760.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 50.0 0.0 100.0 B1 10.0 71.0 90.0 1.0 88.0 88.4 0.0 760.0 100.0 0.0 100.0 B2 50.0 0.3 99.9 10.0 54.0 92.9 1.0 72.0 90.5 0.0 760.0 II. Wu-rn solutions were tested against HBsAg for disinfection by using the SPRIA test method.

Take 0.1 ml of HBsAg positive serum ( RPHA method 1:2048 ), then 0.4 ml of different concentrations of wu-ren solutions of Al, B1 and B2 types were added. Each concentration of solution was tested for 2, 5 and 10 minutes before being neutralized by the addition of a neutralizing agent. The mixtures were then allowed to interact for 30 minutes before the test was terminated. Standard positive and negative reactions were set with positive without adding Wuren solution, but saline solution was added and with negative without adding HBsAg positive serum but saline solution was added. If P/N value is less than 2.1 then it can be concluded that negative serum is effective and if P/N value is less than 72.1, it means that positive serum is not effective.

Effect of the Al solution on HBsAg (P/N value) Concen- Time tration(%) 2 min. 5 min. 10 min.

100 0.9 1.1 0.7 50 9.9 9.9 11.6 25 9.9 9.9 15.3 Effect of the B1 solution on HBsAg (P/N value) Concen- Time tration(%) 2 min. 5 min. 10 min.

100 1.9 1.6 2.0 50 2.6 2.6 1.8 25 16.3 9.9 9.3 Effect of the B2 solution on HBsAg (P/N value) Concen- Time tration(%) 2 min. 5 min. 10 min.

100 1.3 1.1 0.9 50 0.9 0.9 0.7 25 ' 9.9 9.3 3.9 At 50 100% concentration for 5 to 10 minutes, it was effective in disinfecting HBsAg.

III. The disinfecting effect of the Wu-ren on HIV-1 and lymphocyte It has been proven with experiments that Wu-ren solutions are almost completely non-toxic to lymphocyte yet were effective in destroying HIV-1. The effective concentration range was between 1:32 1:50 with the time range of 2 5 minutes.

Claims

1. A non-toxic disinfectant which is characterized by the presence of the Wu-ren solution as the main active ingredient and is effective against antimycotic, antibacterial, antimicrobics with effective concentration than ranges between 1% to 100%.

2. A disinfectant as claimed in claim I wherein the said main acidic compounds of the Wu-ren solutions are oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, fumaric acid, hydroxy benzoic acid and succinic acid.

3. .R disinfectant as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said disinfectant can be either in liquid state or in gaseous state.

4. x disinfectant as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said disinfectant can be used in hospitals, in -the food industry or in pharmaceutical plants where constant human exposure is expected.