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GB2272903A - Organic material - Google Patents

Organic material Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2272903A
GB2272903A GB9318410A GB9318410A GB2272903A GB 2272903 A GB2272903 A GB 2272903A GB 9318410 A GB9318410 A GB 9318410A GB 9318410 A GB9318410 A GB 9318410A GB 2272903 A GB2272903 A GB 2272903A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
coir dust
coir
packaging
dust
organic material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9318410A
Other versions
GB2272903B (en
GB9318410D0 (en
Inventor
Puwakdandawe Narayan Nandadasa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB9624148A priority Critical patent/GB2305182B/en
Priority to GB9624181A priority patent/GB2305923A/en
Priority to GB9624182A priority patent/GB2305924B/en
Publication of GB9318410D0 publication Critical patent/GB9318410D0/en
Priority to AU54343/94A priority patent/AU5434394A/en
Priority to PCT/LK1993/000001 priority patent/WO1994012576A1/en
Publication of GB2272903A publication Critical patent/GB2272903A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2272903B publication Critical patent/GB2272903B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L99/00—Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08L89/00 - C08L97/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
    • B65D81/05—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
    • B65D81/09—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents using flowable discrete elements of shock-absorbing material, e.g. pellets or popcorn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L29/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08L29/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)

Abstract

An organic material for use as a growing medium for plants or animals or as a packaging material comprises one of the following residue materials: sawdust, wood chips, bark, wood waste, charcoal, peat, shells, olive residues, coir dust, coffee hulls, coconut fibre, sunflower husks, cottonseed husks, hazelnut shells, bagasse, hemp, straw, flax, plant stalks, paper waste, malt sprouts, rice husks or municipal waste. Coir dust is preferred. The material may be formed into packaging members or pellets, for use as a packaging material. The packaging material may be formed either by mixing the residue with a binding agent or by providing the residue between layers which act as skins, or by adhesion to a substrate. The material may be biodegradable and/or used as a fertiliser.

Description

ORGANIC MATERIAL This invention relates to an organic material and particularly but not exclusively to an organic material which can, depending upon its composition, be employed as a packaging material and/or a growing medium.
It is estimated that one third of waste materials generated in the world to today are in the form of discarded packaging materials. The generation of waste represents a serious ecological threat. It is, therefore, highly desirable to reduce the amount of waste generated as a result of discarded packaging materials. The present invention sets out to provide a material which is highly efficient for packaging purposes but can be readily re-used. The invention also sets out to provide a material which can be biodegradable and/or used as a growing medium.
According to a first aspect ofthe present invention there is provided an organic material formed from coir dust mixed with a binding agent.
The binding agent may be wood pulp, paper pulp, latex or PVA. The coir dust may be treated with fertiliser.
The invention also provides a packaging member formed by filling a void between two retaining layers with coir dust. The coir dust may be treated with fertiliser.
According to the invention, there is also provided a packaging material comprising one or more of: sawdust, wood chips, bark, wood waste, charcoal, peat, shells, olive residues, coir dust, coffee hulls, coconut fibre, sunflower husks, cottonseed husks, hazelnut shells, bagasse, malt sprouts, rice husks, or municipal waste.
The invention also provides a method of forming an organic material comprising mixing coir dust with a binder.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a growing medium for plants or animal bedding comprising coir dust.
According to the second aspect of the invention, there is also provided an organic material comprising coir dust bonded to a substrate.
According to the second aspect ofthe invention there is also provided a method of forming an organic material comprising bonding coir dust to a substrate.
Thus an embodiment ofthe invention allows discarded packaging material to be reused as: a growing medium fuel for cooking or heating a soil conditioner to be used as an additive for marshy land for trapping and holding of pesticide movement in soil and for degradation by useful micro organisms for the manufacture of light-weight building bricks as an absorbent in animal or poultry farms for production of combustible gas for manufacture of cemented articles . for the production of fuel briquettes for firing steam generators The use of coir dust is particularly advantageous.Coir dust can absorb up to 10 times its own weight of liquid and is an excellent shock absorber.
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a latex-coating apparatus for use in association with a fifth embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a schematic view of a pellet-forming apparatus, for use in association with a sixth embodiment of the invention; Figures 3a and 3b are perspective views of solid fill packaging members and a product to be packed; Figures 4a and 4b are a cross-sectional side elevation and a perspective view of a hollow packaging members and a product to be packed; and Figure 5 is a schematic view of a flock coating apparatus.
The coir dust is first treated. An example of treatment is given below.
Example Initially, the coir dust was dried naturally under ambient conditions. Forced drying could be used as an alternative. Once dried, the coir dust was fumigated for four hours to destroy active plants, residue and micro-organisms. This was carried out by subjection to heat, although a chemical vapour treatment could be used instead. After fumigation the coir dust was ground and graded so that 80% passed a 60/80 mesh size.
After treatment, the coir dust is subjected to a variety of further treatments depending upon the end use.
In the first aspect of the invention the coir dust is used to form a packaging material.
In the first three embodiments of the invention the coir dust is mixed with paper pulp and/or recycled paper as a binder. In each case, the mixing is performed mechanically and the packaging is formed by moulding, with the working surface being shaped by vacuum-forming. A vacuum of 50 cm Mg held for about 60 seconds allows close bonding of the surface area.
In the first embodiment, the coir dust represents 80 to 90% ofthe mixture.
The resultant material is elastically deformable and may be used for: a) encapsulation and moisture.retention of seedling or cuttings; b) open containers for plants; c) split containers for fragile articles; d) split (sealable) containers for protecting glassware and other materials containing liquids (including hazardous materials).
In a second embodiment coir dusts represents 60 to 80% ofthe mixture. The packaging is shaped in the same manner as the packaging ofthe first embodiment. The resultant material is permanently deformable and may be used for packing sturdy, hard products.
In a third embodiment, coir dust represents 50 to 60% of the overall mixture.
The packaging material thus produced can be formed into pieces for loose filling protection (such as kadunut shaped pieces). This material may also be formed into corner pads, dividers and other internal low-cost packaging.
The use of paper in the above embodiments allows the colour and general aesthetic appearance of the material to be enhanced (coir dust alone is mono-coloured). The use of paper is also particularly advantageous in the manufacture of packaging for horticultural products and absorbent products, since the manufactured packaging will absorb spillage, and can retain moisture in such a manner as to accelerate the growth of plants. The use of wood pulp as a binder provides similar advantages.
The packaging materials ofthe above three embodiments can be enhanced by the application of a paper skin, which may be water repellent if desired. The paper is applied at the forming stage.
The materials formed in the above three embodiments are combustible and biodegradable. The material can be re-used as a planting medium instead of peat (which is banned in certain countries for environmental and ecological reasons).
Furthermore, because the material can be used as a packaging material and as a growing medium, this removes the need for transporting both - saving transport costs.
In the fourth embodiment ofthe invention coir dust is mixed with PVA The PVA acts as a binder and represents from 3 to 10% of the overall mixture. This forms a hard material which can be used for inner or outer packaging either in board form or in the form of a perforated container. The material can be formed by a process similar to that used in the first three embodiments of the invention described above.
In a fifth embodiment ofthe invention, coir dust is mixed with latex as a binder. The latex may be natural or artificial, and represents 5 to 10% ofthe overall mixture.
The coir dust is coated with latex in free fall, suspended in a forced air-draught as shown in Figure 1.
The apparatus shown in figure 1 comprises a hopper 2, in which the coir dust is stored and a free fall chute 4. Coir dust is allowed to fall into the chute 4 from the hopper. A nozzle 6 is located in the centre of the chute 4 and latex is sprayed into the chute 4 via the nozzle 6. The latex then coats the coir dust.
Once coated, the coir dust forms a deposit having a sponge-like configuration. The deposit is formed into packaging material either by direct impression ofthe packaged product or by using a mould in the shape ofthe packaged product. Vacuum forming can be used to improve surface texture and a paper skin can be added as described in relation to the first three embodiments of the invention.
In a sixth embodiment ofthe invention, the deposit such as formed in the fifth embodiment ofthe invention is made into packaging members or loose-fill pellets.
To form loose-fill pellets, coir dust is allowed to fall onto an inclined rotating table as shown in Figure 2.
The apparatus shown in figure 2 comprises a hopper 2, for storage of coir dust, and a chute 4. An inclined rotating table 8 is located at the bottom ofthe chute 4. A series of nozzles 6a,6b etc., are situated outside the chute 4 but above the table 8. A drive motor 10 drives the table 8 via a belt 12. The motor 10 causes the table 8 to rotate and coir dust is released from the hopper 2 on to the table 8 via the chute 4. Adhesive is sprayed onto the dust on the table 8, as the table rotates, via the nozzles 6a,6b. The rotating action ofthe table 8 causes the coir dust to fonn into small pellets bound by the adhesive.
Where coir dust is formed into pellets, this avoids the need for full contact moulding, thereby reducing moulding costs.
The materials formed in accordance with the above embodiments of the invention may be formed into packaging members. Packaging members are used to support a product during transit and may be provided within an outer container.
The packaging member may be solid, so as to completely fill an outer container, as shown in Figures 3a and 3b. Alternatively, the packaging member can be hollow for increased lightness, as shown in Figure 4a and Figure 4b. In each figure, the product to be packed is designated 100 and the packaging member(s) 102.
The above described packaging materials are effective due to the fact that the coir dust has a good shock absorbency and the overall resilience ofthe members protects the products and absorbs shock loads in transit. Because coir dust is capable of holding up to ten times its own weight in water, the above described packaging materials are also capable of absorbing liquid if a product leaks during transit.
In a seventh embodiment ofthe invention, an inner container is situated within an outer container and the space between the two is filled with coir dust. This packaging material can be constructed to achieve desired moisture absorbency and resiliency qualities, inter alia by selection ofthe materials forming the inner and outer containers and the separation between the two containers.
In an eighth embodiment ofthe invention, bonded coir dust packaging material such as described in relation to the first six embodiments ofthe invention is formed into the shape of flower pots. The packaging material is re-used as a planting medium or moisture retaining material without discarding it as waste packaging. As an alternative to flower pots, the packaging material can be formed into any shape detennined by the requirements of plant growers or transit conditions, e.g. a growing tray. The material may be impregnated with fertiliser.
The above described packaging materials can be coloured by impregnating or mixing colour pigment into the base mixture. However, if colour is added for aesthetic reasons, the degree of coloration required can be reduced by making use of flocking.
This is desirable since using colour pigments can represent an environmental or ecological hazard. To achieve this, effect flock piles are implanted on the packaging, thereby serving to improve colour and feel and also improve the contact relationship between the product and the packaging.
Apparatus for producing flocking is shown in Figure 5.
In the apparatus shown in figure 5, a hopper 52 is situated above a chute 54. A dispersing brush 56 is situated in the chute 54. At the bottom ofthe chute a series of apertures 56a,56b etc., are provided. A conveyor belt 60 is positioned beneath the apertures 56a,56b etc. In use, adhesive coated packaging members 62 are fed beneath the apertures 56a,56b etc., by the belt 60. At the same time electrostatically charged flock piles fall from the hopper 52 into the chute 54. In the chute, they are dispersed by the dispersing brush 58 so as to fall evenly from the apertures 56a,56b etc. The even fall of flock piles fall onto the packaging members 62, where they are held in place by the adhesive, to form a coating.
In a second aspect ofthe invention, coir dust impregnated with fertiliser is used as a bedding for plant cuttings, flowers, plants, insects, other living organisms or seeds, which are stored or retained within the moisture impregnated coir dust for transport and/or storage and/or growth. Alternatively, the coir dust need not be fertilised. The coir dust may be used in nurseries.
According to a second embodiment ofthe second aspect ofthe invention, coir dust is impregnated with moisture and is bonded to leak-proof paper. The resulting structure is used as a transport and storage medium which can be particularly adapted to suit the moisture retention qualities required by the product. The leak proof paper may be replaced with an alternative substrate depending upon conditions of use.
Coir dust is inherently absorbent. This feature is disadvantageous in adhesive application in two ways.
1. The adhesive is absorbed by the coir dust micro-sponges and the cushioning effect and lightness is diminished.
2. A large portion of the adhesive is absorbed rather than coating the external surface, where it is needed.
Therefore there is both an adhesive waste and a decrease in effectiveness.
To avoid this, the coir dust surface is coated with Teepol, or a similar substance. This reduces the sub-surface absorbency and hence adhesive absorbed while retaining good surface bonding properties between the coir dust and the adhesive.
Although the above description has been concerned mainly with the use of coir dust, alternative materials may be used instead of coir dust. Examples of these are as follows: sawdust, wood chips, bark, wood waste, charcoal, peat, shells, olive residues, coffee hulls, coconut fibre, sunflower husks, cottonseed husks, hazelnut shells, bagasse, hemp, straw, flax, plant stalks, paper waste, malt sprouts, rice husks and municipal waste.
Many further modifications and variations will suggest themselves to those versed in the art upon making reference to the foregoing description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way, the scope of the invention being determined by the appended claims.

Claims (41)

Claims
1. An organic material formed from coir dust mixed with a binding agent.
2. An organic material according to claim 1, wherein the binding agent is latex or PVA.
3. A material according to claim 2, wherein from 5 to 10% ofthe mixture is latex.
4. A material according to claim 2, wherein from 3 to 10% ofthe mixture is PVA.
5. An organic material according to claim 1, wherein the binding agent is wood pulp, paper pulp or paper.
6. A material according to claim 5, wherein from 80 to 90% ofthe mixture is coir dust.
7. A material according to claim 5, wherein from 60 to 80% ofthe mixture is coir dust.
8. A material according to claim 5, wherein from 50 to 60% of the mixture is coir dust.
9. An organic material according to any preceding claim wherein the coir dust is treated with fertiliser.
10. An organic material according to any preceding claim, wherein flock piles are situated on an outer surface of the material.
11. A packaging member formed from an organic material according to any preceding claim.
12. A packaging member according to claim 12, shaped to form a horticultural or agricultural growing receptacle.
13. A packaging member according to claim 11, shaped to form a flower pot.
14. A packaging material according to any one of claims 1 to 10, shaped to form granules or pellets.
15. A packaging member according to claim 11, shaped to contact an article to be packed in the packaging member closely.
16. A packaging member formed by filling or partially filling a void between two retaining layers with coir dust.
17. A packaging member according to claim 16, wherein the coir dust is treated with fertiliser.
18. An organic material comprising coir dust bonded to a substrate.
19. A material according to claim 18 wherein the substrate is leak-proof paper.
20. A material according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the coir dust is treated with fertiliser and/or moisture.
21. A growing medium for plants or animals comprising coir dust.
22. A growing medium according to Claim 21, wherein the coir dust is treated with fertiliser.
23. A packaging material comprising one or more of: sawdust, wood chips, bark, wood waste, charcoal, peat, shells, olive residues, coir dust, coffee hulls, coconut fibre, sunflower husks, cottonseed husks, hazelnut shells, bagasse, malt sprouts, rice husks, or municipal waste.
24. A packaging material substantially as herein described.
25. A packaging member substantially as herein described.
26. A method of forming an organic material comprising mixing coir dust with a binder.
27. A method according to claim 26, wherein the binder is latex.
28. A method according to claim 27, wherein from 5 to 10% ofthe mixture is latex.
29. A method according to claim 26 wherein the binder is PVA.
30. A method according to claim 29, wherein from 3 to 10% ofthe mixture is PVA.
31. A method according to any one of claims 26 to 30 wherein the coir dust is suspended and sprayed with the binder.
32. A method according to claim 26, wherein the binder is paper, paper pulp or wood pulp.
33. A method according to claim 32 wherein from 80 to 90% ofthe mixture is coir dust.
34. A method according to claim 32, wherein from 60 to 80% of the mixture is coir dust.
35. A method according to claim 32, wherein from 50 to 60% ofthe mixture is coir dust.
36. A method according to any one of claims 26 to 35, comprising the additional step of applying a paper skim
37. A method according to any one of claims 26 to 36, comprising the additional step oftreating the mixture with fertiliser.
38. A method of forming an organic material comprising bonding coir dust to a substrate.
39. A method according to claim 38 wherein the substrate is leak-proof paper.
40. A method according to Claim 38 or 39 comprising the additional step of applying fertiliser and/or moisture to the coir dust.
41. A method of forming an organic material substantially as described herein.
GB9318410A 1992-11-20 1993-09-06 Packaging member Expired - Lifetime GB2272903B (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9624148A GB2305182B (en) 1992-11-20 1993-09-06 Organic material
GB9624181A GB2305923A (en) 1992-11-20 1993-09-06 Transport and storage medium
GB9624182A GB2305924B (en) 1992-11-20 1993-09-06 Packaging member
AU54343/94A AU5434394A (en) 1992-11-20 1993-11-18 Organic material formed from coir dust
PCT/LK1993/000001 WO1994012576A1 (en) 1992-11-20 1993-11-18 Organic material formed from coir dust

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LK1045092 1992-11-20

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9318410D0 GB9318410D0 (en) 1993-10-20
GB2272903A true GB2272903A (en) 1994-06-01
GB2272903B GB2272903B (en) 1997-06-25

Family

ID=19720961

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9318410A Expired - Lifetime GB2272903B (en) 1992-11-20 1993-09-06 Packaging member

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU679190B2 (en)
GB (1) GB2272903B (en)
IN (1) IN180006B (en)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0667218A1 (en) * 1994-02-09 1995-08-16 Ta Sheng Hwang Method of manufacturing containers from husks
WO1996012687A1 (en) * 1994-10-19 1996-05-02 Ceres Holdings Limited Growing media
GB2269378B (en) * 1992-08-05 1996-05-29 Courtaulds Chemicals Fibrous growth media for plants
EP0716804A1 (en) * 1994-12-16 1996-06-19 Ichiro Sugimoto Soil-decomposing seedling pot
GB2298876A (en) * 1995-03-16 1996-09-18 Gorham & Bateson Processed flax straw, its manufacture and uses
GB2308538A (en) * 1995-12-29 1997-07-02 Organic & Absorbent Products L Coir dust
EP0786496A3 (en) * 1996-01-23 1997-12-29 Ichiro Sugimoto Biodegradable plastic product made from coconut husk fiber powder mixture
WO1999013702A3 (en) * 1997-09-19 1999-06-10 Pro Flora Gbr Growing body for plants especially for plant seedlings
GB2371051A (en) * 2001-01-11 2002-07-17 Kuo-Chen Yang Method of making non-polluting products
FR2819740A1 (en) * 2001-01-23 2002-07-26 Kuo Chen Yang PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING NON-POLLUTANT PRODUCTS
WO2003088739A3 (en) * 2002-04-19 2004-02-05 Pacificoir Inc Pelletized coconut coir and method of use
WO2004078892A1 (en) * 2003-03-07 2004-09-16 Dainton Limited Coir pith
NL1029574C2 (en) * 2005-07-20 2007-01-23 Pagter & Partners Int Bv Packaging for vegetable products such as flowers.
WO2008074310A3 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-09-25 E & W Greenland Gmbh Material for the production of a molded body, and a molded body
RU2443615C2 (en) * 2007-09-03 2012-02-27 ПСР Профитабэл Стратиджик Ридиплоймент Сарль Drink preparation cartridge
US8316581B2 (en) 2004-11-19 2012-11-27 Rubin Patti D Compressed growing medium
US8563099B2 (en) 2005-07-21 2013-10-22 Italgreen S.P.A. Artificial turf structure and production method therefore
RU2525582C2 (en) * 2011-07-20 2014-08-20 Юрий Викторович Нестеренко Silicon-containing compound fertiliser
CN104106453A (en) * 2014-06-28 2014-10-22 赵木华 Method for constructing materials for planting dendrobium officinale on planes
US9756798B2 (en) 2004-11-19 2017-09-12 Patti D. Rubin Burrow filling compressed growing medium
WO2017221055A1 (en) * 2016-06-20 2017-12-28 Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano A composite cellulose material obtained from coffee husks or cocoa shells, an article comprising same and a method for producing said material
GB2585189A (en) * 2019-06-26 2021-01-06 Hall Hunter Partnership Farming Biomass fuel elements

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2009058869A1 (en) 2007-10-29 2009-05-07 Oms Investments, Inc. Compressed coconut coir pith granules and methods for the production and use thereof
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GB2371051B (en) * 2001-01-11 2003-08-06 Kuo-Chen Yang Method of making non-polluting products
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US8316581B2 (en) 2004-11-19 2012-11-27 Rubin Patti D Compressed growing medium
US8544206B2 (en) 2004-11-19 2013-10-01 Patti D. Rubin Compressed growing medium
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RU2443615C2 (en) * 2007-09-03 2012-02-27 ПСР Профитабэл Стратиджик Ридиплоймент Сарль Drink preparation cartridge
RU2525582C2 (en) * 2011-07-20 2014-08-20 Юрий Викторович Нестеренко Silicon-containing compound fertiliser
CN104106453A (en) * 2014-06-28 2014-10-22 赵木华 Method for constructing materials for planting dendrobium officinale on planes
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GB2585189A (en) * 2019-06-26 2021-01-06 Hall Hunter Partnership Farming Biomass fuel elements

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AU5055093A (en) 1994-06-02
IN180006B (en) 1998-01-10
GB9318410D0 (en) 1993-10-20
AU679190B2 (en) 1997-06-26

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