GB2271998A - Semi-solid non-soap detergent composition - Google Patents
Semi-solid non-soap detergent composition Download PDFInfo
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- GB2271998A GB2271998A GB9222538A GB9222538A GB2271998A GB 2271998 A GB2271998 A GB 2271998A GB 9222538 A GB9222538 A GB 9222538A GB 9222538 A GB9222538 A GB 9222538A GB 2271998 A GB2271998 A GB 2271998A
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- United Kingdom
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- weight
- water
- detergent composition
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- detergent
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 alkali metal orthophosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disulfite Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 240000007154 Coffea arabica Species 0.000 description 7
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001164 aluminium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 159000000013 aluminium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000017848 Rubus fruticosus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000021029 blackberry Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020095 red wine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical group OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000004936 Bromus mango Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007228 Mangifera indica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014826 Mangifera indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001092459 Rubus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009184 Spondias indica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KTWWLYJJAXICRK-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-(carboxymethyl)butanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CC(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O KTWWLYJJAXICRK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002190 fatty acyls Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940048084 pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002167 sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011004 sodium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 KVCGISUBCHHTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000013042 solid detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Detergent products in semi-solid form, ie a gel, cream or paste, comprise from 10 to 45% by weight of non-soap detergent active, from 3 to 30% by weight of water-soluble salts at least part of which are detergent builders and from 25 to 87% by weight of water, which are characterised by a composition which generates a pH in the range from 7.0 to 9.8 when mixed with deionised water at a weight ratio of 1:99. The use of such a composition enhances stain removal. <IMAGE>
Description
DETERGENT COMPOSITION
This invention relates to detergent compositions in semi-solid form, that is to say a gel, cream or paste.
Such a detergent form is usually referred to as a "cream" and yet is usually sufficiently solid that it cannot be poured at ambient temperatures. It coheres together in a mass which can, however, be deformed by hand. Thus this form is distinct from liquids, powders and shaped solid forms such as bars.
Such laundry detergent creams are marketed in some countries for fabric washing and are frequently used in a washing procedure during which the fabric is in contact with diluted detergent compositions for a relatively short time before it is rinsed.
Detergent active materials have often been considered to function most effectively under alkaline washing conditions. See for example Kirk-Othmer's Encyclopedia of
Chemical Technology, vol 22. page 390. Consequently detergent compositions are formulated so that when brought into contact with water an alkaline wash liquor is generated. Laundry detergent creams have followed this general principle and commercial creams have contained alkaline salts so that when the cream is brought into contact with water, the liquid formed by dissolution is alkaline. Typically sodium carbonate and/or sodium silicate is included to raise the alkalinity to a pH in the range from above pH 10 e.g. pH 11 or higher.
By contrast with the current practice of formulating for high pH we have now found that it is both possible and advantageous to formulate a detergent cream so that it gives a reduced alkaline pH when placed in water. We have found that compositions with satisfactory structure and integrity during storage can be made, even though their content of salts, especially strongly alkaline carbonate and silicate, is sufficiently low that when brought into contact with water a pH of 9.8 or less develops.
We have also found that in use of such compositions with a relatively short duration of contact between the diluted composition and the fabric, formulation with lower pH leads to improved detergency against a range of stains, even including some stains for which reduction of pH has been found not to be beneficial when using a different product form and a longer duration of contact with the fabric.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a detergent composition in semi-solid form comprising:
(a) 10% to 45% by weight of non-soap detergent active;
(b) 3% to 30% by weight of water-soluble salts, at least some of which are detergency builders;
(c) 25% to 87% by weight of water characterised in that the composition generates a pH in the range from 7.0 to 9.8 when mixed with deionised water at a weight ratio of composition: water of 1:99 and allowed to dissolve as completely as possible at a temperature of 20"C.
The percentages of detergent active and water soluble salts refer to the anhydrous material and do not include any water taken up as water of hydration.
In practice the pH of a composition will not vary much with temperature, so that a pH value measured at any temperature in the range from 15"C to 30"C will be adequately accurate.
It is preferred that the pH, measured at 20"C as stated above, lies in a range from 7.5 to 9.6. The pH may well lie above a lower limit of pH 8.0. Alternatively, or in addition, it may lie in a range not exceeding pH 9.3 or even pH 9.2.
In order to attain a lower pH than that which is conventionally obtained, the creams will desirably not contain much, if any, water soluble carbonate nor water soluble silicate, both of which are strongly alkaline.
In particular the composition may be formulated so as to contain not more than 3% by weight of water soluble carbonate, or indeed not more than 3% by weight of both water soluble carbonate and silicate.
Depending on the intended pH other less alkaline salts may be introduced to provide further control of the pH. Thus for instance sodium carbonate may be at least partially replaced with bicarbonate or borax.
In use, of course, the proportions of mixing with water are not controlled and deionised water is not used.
Nevertheless the pH which is generated in use will be adequately related to that measured under the stated conditions, since it is largely controlled by the salts in the composition.
The water soluble salts in the composition may include phosphate builder salts which can help to buffer the pH which is developed on mixing with water.
Another optional, although desirable, feature is to incorporate bleach, in particular sodium sulphite, to enhance the laundering performance. We have found that this can be used successfully in the pH range specified by this invention.
Materials useful in compositions of this invention will now be discussed in turn:
Detergent active
As already mentioned, the composition includes nonsoap detergent active in an amount from 10 to 45wt% of the overall composition. It is envisaged that the amount will generally range from 12 to 40wt% and a particularly envisage range is from 15 to 50 wt%.
Detergent actives useable in the present invention may be found in the general classes of anionic, nonionic, amphoteric and zwitterionic actives. Generally, non-soap anionic detergent active will be the main detergent active present. If any other categories of detergent active are present, these will typically be in minor amounts relative to the anionic detergent active.
Anionic detergent actives which are particularly envisaged for use in the present invention are alkyl benzene sulphonates of formula R--C6H -SO M primary alcohol sulphates of formula
ROSO3M and/or fatty acyl ester sulphonates of formula
in each of which R is a primary alkyl group containing 18 to 22 carbon atoms preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms, R1 if present is a primary alkyl group containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and M is a cation such that the detergent active material is water soluble.
Other detergent actives which may be used include alkane sulphonates, secondary alcohol sulphates, olefin sulphonates and ethoxylated alcohol sulphates. If nonionic detergent active is used it will generally be ethoxylated alcohol. Fatty acyl alkanolamides may also be employed.
It is possible within the scope of the invention to include soap but it would generally be absent because it inhibits the formation of lather by the non-soap detergent active. Consequently it is preferred that if soap is present at all, the amount of it does not exceed 2% by weight of the composition.
Water soluble salts
These may have a function in the composition, especially as a detergency builder or as a bleach.
However, inert salts such as sodium sulphate may also be present. The amount of water soluble salts is preferably at least 5% by weight of the composition and may well not exceed 20% by weight.
Detergency builder
At least some of the water soluble salts are required to be detergency builder salts. Preferred is at 3% to 30% by weight, better 3% to 20% by weight of an alkali metal orthophosphate, pyrophosphate or tripolyphosphate. Other water soluble builder salts are organic builders, e.g.
sodium nitrilotriacetate, sodium tartrate, sodium citrate and sodium carboxymethylsuccinate.
In addition to the use of water soluble builder, water-insoluble aluminosilicate ion exchanger, for example zeolite 4A, may also be included.
Water insolubles
It is desirable to incorporate a soluble aluminium salt, such as aluminium sulphate into the composition together with sufficient sodium silicate that insoluble aluminosilicate forms in situ in the composition. This is valuable in enhancing the structure and stability of the composition. British patent specification 2099013 describes the analogous incorporation of such aluminosilicate into rigid bars.
Also, a water insoluble filler other than aluminosilicate may be included in the composition: this may be a clay such as kaolin or bentonite.
We have now found that it is possible to obtain a satisfactory stability during storage, without undue hardness of the composition, by incorporating aluminosilicate by formation in in situ and also incorporating other water-insoluble filler in a weight ratio lying in a range from 70:30 to 30:70.
The water-insoluble material other than aluminosilicate is preferably clay so that the proportions of aluminosilicate to clay lie in the range 7:3 to 3:7. A preferred range is 6:4 to 4:6.
The aluminosilicate, as mentioned above is desirably formed in situ in the composition by incorporating a soluble aluminium salt such as aluminium sulphate in the composition and also sodium silicate. When aluminium sulphate is used as the aluminium salt the amount of aluminosilicate which forms is approximately equal to the weight of an aluminium sulphate from which it is formed, provided that there is sufficient sodium silicate to give complete conversion of the soluble aluminium salt into the insoluble aluminosilicate.
Hydrotrope
It is known to incorporate hydrotrope into detergent creams. Such hydrotropes include short chain alkyl benzene sulphonates such as sodium toluene sulphonate.
Preferred, however, is urea.
A considerable advantage of this invention is that reduction of the pH of the composition leads to a surprising improvement in the stability of urea in a detergent cream.
Bleach
The water-soluble alkali metal salts of those sulphur oxo acids which are reducing agents may be included in the composition as bleaches. Preferred is to incorporate from 1 to 15% by weight of such material, better at least 2% or even at least 5% by weight.
Other ingredients
The composition of the invention may also contain other detergent additives in conventional amounts. Such additives include antiredeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, colouring materials, fluorescers, photobleaches, germicides, opacifiers, humectants such as glycerol, perfumes and alternative bleaches. Enzymes may also be included, notably proteases, lipases and amylases.
Production
A semi-solid detergent composition can be produced by adding the constituents to the water which will be present in the eventual composition, and mixing.
A suitable procedure is to heat all the water, and dissolve it in the water-soluble builder, other solid electrolyte (if used) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (if used) while mixing under conditions of high shear.
When these components have dissolved, alkaline silicate (if any) is added, followed by detergent active and alkanolamine (if any). Finally the sulphite (or bisulphite or metabisulphite), any fluorescer and perfume are added.
The detergent actives should be fully neutralised before the sulphite bleach is added, to avoid decomposition of the bleach during manufacture. The sulphite is therefore added at the end of the procedure.
In the examples which follow all percentages are by weight unless stated otherwise.
EXAMPLES
A number of creams were made in accordance with formulations as set out in the following TABLE 1. The pH generated by each formulation was assessed by dispersing it in deionised water at a concentration of 1.0% by weight i.e. a composition: water ratio of 1:99 by weight. The dispersion was allowed to stand for long enough to allow all soluble materials to dissolve after which the pH of the dispersion was measured at ambient room temperature of 20"C (small variations in temperature will not affect the pH to any noticeable extent).
TABLE 1
TEST CREAM COMPOSITIONS
Product 1 2 3 4 5
Ingredient % by weight
Sodium alkyl benzene sulphonate 22 22 35 35 22
Sodium carbonate - 5 - 5
Sodium alkaline silicate 3 3 2 2 3
(anhydrous basis)
Aluminium sulphate 4 4 3 3 4
(anhydrous basis)
Kaolin 6 1 - - 1
Urea 1 1 1 1 1
Sodium pyrophosphate 6 6 6 6 6
Sodium sulphite - - - - 5
Water, minors etc. to 100 pH (1 dispersion) 9.1 10.4 9.3 10.1 9.2
A number of cotton sheet test cloths (250 + 375 cms) were stained with a variety of different stains on different areas of the test cloth. The stains were red wine, banana, blackberry, grass, tea, coffee, coffee/milk, tea/milk and tea/milk/sugar.
The various creams were then used to wash the test cloths using a standardised procedure commonly used with detergent creams.
The test cloth was immersed in a quantity of deionised water at a liquor to cloth ratio of 7:1. The wetted test cloth was squeezed out, reimmersed and squeezed out a second time and then treated with the test cream. The cream was spread by hand on the cloth until the amount of detergent composition transferred to the cloth was equivalent to 4% by weight of the dried cloth. The treated test cloth was rubbed 40 times over a period of 30 seconds. After this time it was squeezed and rinsed once in clean, cold water.
The reflectance of each stained area of the test cloth was measured at 460nm before and after washing.
EXAMPLE 1
Assessments of stain removal
In this example, the stain removal of a cream according to the invention (Product 1) was compared with a conventional cream formulation containing sodium carbonate (Product 2). The results in Table 2 demonstrate that the product according to the invention has improved stain removal compared to the conventional product.
TABLE 2
Stain type Reflectance Change (R460)
Product 1 Product 2
Red wine 10.6 8.8
Banana 9.6 5.9
Blackberry 19.3 13.6
Grass 20.3 16.0
Tea 7.0 2.9
Coffee 13.6 8.1
Coffee/Milk 20.7 18.4
Tea/Milk 13.2 5.7
Tea/Milk/Sugar 13.9 8.6
EXAMPLE 2
Assessments of stain removal
This example also demonstrates the improvement in stain removal of a composition according to the invention (Product 3) compared to a conventional composition (Product 4). These products have a high percentage of branched chain alkyl benzene sulphonate.
TABLE 3
Stain type Reflectance Change (R460)
Product 3 Product 4
Red wine 8.6 7.3
Banana 18.5 15.1
Blackberry 5.9 3.3
Grass 22.1 16.1
Tea 5.4 3.4
Coffee 10.0 9.2
Coffee/Milk 22.9 21.9
Tea/Milk 10.8 8.9
Tea/Milk/Sugar 13.9 12.6
EXAMPLE 3
Assessments of stain removal
In this example the effect on stain removal of combining low pH and the bleach sodium sulphite was examined.
Stain Type Reflectance Change (R460)
Product 5 Product 1 Product 2
Mango 34.0 27.8 26.9
Coffee/Milk 35.0 32.1 32.1
Banana 23.9 14.9 13.9
Tea/Milk 9.5 10.1 6.2
Rust 27.9 24.9 23.1
pH = 9.0 pH = 9.0 pH = 10.2
It can be seen that for four stains the presence of the bleach gave an added improvement.
EXAMPLE 4
Assessments of stability
Samples of products 1 and 2 were stored at 30"C.
After one week the product 2 had a noticeable smell of ammonia whereas product 1 did not, indicating that the lower pH of product 1 was remarkably improving the stability of urea.
EXAMPLE 5
Two series of compositions were prepared. In each composition the basic formulation was:
Ingredient % by weight
Sodium alkyl benzene sulphonate 22
Sodium alkaline silicate )
Aluminium sulphate ) see below
Kaolin ) Urea 1
Sodium pyrophosphate 6
Water, minors etc balance to 100%
In these compositions the proportions of kaolin and aluminosilicate were varied. The quantity of sodium alkaline silicate was varied also to correspond with the quantity of aluminium sulphate. The compositions were balanced to 100% by adjusting the weight of water. In one series of compositions the total of kaolin and aluminosilicate was 7.5% by weight of the composition, in the second set it was 12% by weight of the composition.
The compositions were cycled repeatedly between 20"C and 30"C. After 20 cycles the compositions were assessed for the extent of separation on a scale from 0 to 5 as follows:
0 = no change in appearance or mobility
1 = slight change in appearance or mobility
2 = some change but no liquid droplets visible
3 = some liquid visible
4 = layer of liquid on top of product
5 = deeper layer of liquid on product
Values up to 2 are satisfactory. The results were:
Total kaolin and aluminosilicate: 7.5 12%
Kaolin: Al-Si ratio
100 : 0 5 3
80 : 20 3 2
60 : 40 2 1.2
40 : 60 1.2 0
20 : 80 1.2 0
0 : 100 1 0
Compositions without kaolin were sufficiently hard that it was very difficult to scoop a portion out of a container using only the fingers (which is removal practice). Compositions without aluminosilicate were soft and difficult to apply to fabric, especially the composition with 7.5t kaolin and no aluminosilicate.
Compositions with a combination of both materials, especially in the range 70:30 to 30:70 better 60:40 to 40:60 gave a good combination of handling properties and resistance to separation.
Claims (12)
1. A detergent composition in semi-solid form comprising:
(a) 10% to 45% by weight of non-soap detergent active;
(b) 3% to 30% by weight of water-soluble salts, at lest some of which are detergency builders;
(c) 25% to 87% by weight of water characterised in that the composition generates a pH in the range from 7.0 to 9.8 when mixed with deionised water at a weight ratio of composition: water of 1:99 and allowed to dissolve as completely as possible at a temperature of 20"C.
2. A detergent composition according to claim 1 wherein the water soluble salts from 3% to 30% by weight (based on the whole composition) of a detergency builder which is an alkali metal orthophosphate, pyrophosphate or tripolyphosphate, optionally together with other water soluble salts.
3. A detergent composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 further comprising from 1 to 15% by weight of waterinsoluble material.
4. A detergent composition according to claim 1 or claim 2 further comprising from 5 to 15% in total water insoluble material consisting of aluminosilicate and other material in weight ratio lying in a range from 7:3 to 3:7.
5. A detergent composition according to claim 4 wherein the ratio of aluminosilicate to other material is in the range 6:4 to 4:6.
6. A detergent composition according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising from 0.5 to 5% by weight of hydrotrope.
7. A detergent composition according to claim 6 wherein the hydrotrope is urea.
8. A detergent composition according to any one of the preceding claims which does not contain more than 3% by weight of water soluble carbonate.
9. A detergent composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the pH lies in a range from 7.5 to 9.6
10. A detergent composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the pH lies in a range from 8.0 to 9.3.
11. A detergent composition according to any one of the preceding claims including from 2 to 15% by weight of alkali metal sulphite, bisulphite or meta-bisulphite.
12. A method of washing fabrics comprising contacting the fabric with a composition according to any one of the preceding claims, or a liquor formed by dilution of the composition, followed by rinsing the fabric after a period of not more than 5 minutes.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9222538A GB2271998A (en) | 1992-10-27 | 1992-10-27 | Semi-solid non-soap detergent composition |
| IN343BO1993 IN179115B (en) | 1992-10-27 | 1993-10-26 | |
| BR9304366A BR9304366A (en) | 1992-10-27 | 1993-10-26 | Detergent composition in semi-solid form and process for washing fabrics |
| ZA937999A ZA937999B (en) | 1992-10-27 | 1993-10-27 | Detergent composition |
| OA60429A OA10060A (en) | 1992-10-27 | 1993-10-27 | Detergent composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9222538A GB2271998A (en) | 1992-10-27 | 1992-10-27 | Semi-solid non-soap detergent composition |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9222538D0 GB9222538D0 (en) | 1992-12-09 |
| GB2271998A true GB2271998A (en) | 1994-05-04 |
Family
ID=10724118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9222538A Withdrawn GB2271998A (en) | 1992-10-27 | 1992-10-27 | Semi-solid non-soap detergent composition |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BR (1) | BR9304366A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2271998A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN179115B (en) |
| OA (1) | OA10060A (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA937999B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004056957A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-08 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| WO2004056950A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-08 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| US11214763B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2022-01-04 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid amine oxide, betaine, and/or sultaine surfactants with a carrier |
| US11377628B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2022-07-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid anionic surfactants |
| US11655436B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2023-05-23 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid amine oxide, betaine, and/or sultaine surfactants with a binder and optional carrier |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1046252A (en) * | 1961-03-04 | 1966-10-19 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Improvements in and relating to surface active agents |
| EP0037161A2 (en) * | 1980-02-05 | 1981-10-07 | Kao Corporation | Creamy cleansing compositions |
| GB2179053A (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1987-02-25 | Unilever Plc | Heavy-duty detergent gel compositions |
| EP0456315A2 (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1991-11-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH granular laundry detergent compositions containing aluminosilicate citric acid and carbonate builders |
-
1992
- 1992-10-27 GB GB9222538A patent/GB2271998A/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-10-26 IN IN343BO1993 patent/IN179115B/en unknown
- 1993-10-26 BR BR9304366A patent/BR9304366A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-10-27 OA OA60429A patent/OA10060A/en unknown
- 1993-10-27 ZA ZA937999A patent/ZA937999B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1046252A (en) * | 1961-03-04 | 1966-10-19 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Improvements in and relating to surface active agents |
| EP0037161A2 (en) * | 1980-02-05 | 1981-10-07 | Kao Corporation | Creamy cleansing compositions |
| GB2179053A (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1987-02-25 | Unilever Plc | Heavy-duty detergent gel compositions |
| EP0456315A2 (en) * | 1990-05-08 | 1991-11-13 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Low pH granular laundry detergent compositions containing aluminosilicate citric acid and carbonate builders |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004056957A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-08 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| WO2004056950A1 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-08 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
| US11214763B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2022-01-04 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid amine oxide, betaine, and/or sultaine surfactants with a carrier |
| US11377628B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2022-07-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid anionic surfactants |
| US11655436B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2023-05-23 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid amine oxide, betaine, and/or sultaine surfactants with a binder and optional carrier |
| US11834628B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2023-12-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid anionic surfactants |
| US11976255B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2024-05-07 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid amine oxide, betaine, and/or sultaine surfactants with a binder and optional carrier |
| US12006488B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2024-06-11 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid amine oxide, betaine, and/or sultaine surfactants with a carrier |
| US12359147B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2025-07-15 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidifying liquid anionic surfactants |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR9304366A (en) | 1994-05-31 |
| OA10060A (en) | 1996-10-14 |
| ZA937999B (en) | 1995-04-28 |
| GB9222538D0 (en) | 1992-12-09 |
| IN179115B (en) | 1997-08-30 |
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| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |