GB2259368A - Measurement of viscosity - Google Patents
Measurement of viscosity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2259368A GB2259368A GB9218287A GB9218287A GB2259368A GB 2259368 A GB2259368 A GB 2259368A GB 9218287 A GB9218287 A GB 9218287A GB 9218287 A GB9218287 A GB 9218287A GB 2259368 A GB2259368 A GB 2259368A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- viscosity
- viscometers
- pipe
- liquid
- reference temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010762 marine fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2829—Mixtures of fuels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
Apparatus for determining viscosity of a liquid, in particular of fuel oils, comprises a loop 2 to bleed off liquid from a pipe 1, a first viscometer 4, a heater or cooler 5, and a second viscometer 6 in the loop, and a densitometer 7 for determining the density of the liquid. The apparatus may be used to determine the viscosity at a given reference temperature from viscosities determined at two other temperatures. A pump 3 drives the bleed liquid through the loop. <IMAGE>
Description
MEASUREMENT OF VISCOSITY
This invention relates to an apparatus and a method for determining the viscosity, at a given reference temperature, of a liquid flowing in a pipe.
There are a number of situations where it is desirable to know the viscosity of a liquid flowing in a pipe under conditions of
Newtonian flow. Many liquid products, particularly petroleum products, are produced by blending two or more streams and the resulting product may have to be within certain viscosity limits.
The production of marine fuel oil by in-line blending of heavy petroleum fractions is one such example. In-line blending of fuel oils on the basis of fixed volumetric ratios requires an exact knowledge of each blend component if a good quality blend is to be obtained. However, this information is not always available at installations which have a high throughput of fuel oil and a low storage capacity. Fuel oil is usually sold on a specification which includes viscosity. Viscosity can be adjusted during blending by the addition of relatively low viscosity material known as "cutter stock". This material is expensive. If too much is used so that the viscosity is well below the limit specified by the customer then the supplier's costs are increased without any corresponding increase in income.If, however, the viscosity is too high the customer will claim against the supplier for failing to meet the agreed specification. The quantities of fuel oil involved may be very large when bunkering a large vessel. There is therefore a great need to find a way of determining the viscosity of fuel oils resulting from in-line blending of different materials so that the viscosity of the blend can be adjusted.
We have tested methods of determining viscosity of viscous fluids on-line using a vibrating reed viscometer. This relies on knowing certain information about the material being tested. Even small inaccuracies in this information can adversely affect the accuracy of the result and we did not find that this was a satisfactory method.
Capillary viscometers can be used to measure viscosity but these can only take small quantities of sample. Capillary viscometers tend to have a long response time and require precise control over temperature. It would be desirable to find a method which works with relatively large samples which are more likely to be representative.
In other situations even if the viscosity of a flowing liquid is not crucial per se, it could be measured and used as an indication of some other required quality.
It is known that, if the viscosity of a liquid is determined at two different temperatures, then its viscosity at any other temperature can be calculated using the Walther equation. Such a technique is well known in laboratories and other static situations but as far as is known it has not been applied to liquids flowing in a pipe. Further, applying the technique to flowing liquids does require some variations from and modification of the technique as used in a static situation.
According to the present invention, apparatus for determining the viscosity, at a given reference temperature, of a liquid flowing in a pipe comprises: (a) a loop of tubing to bleed off a portion of the liquid flowing
in the pipe.
(b) two viscometers positioned in the loop with a heater or cooler
between the two viscometers, and (c) a densitometer for measuring the density of the liquid in the
loop.
The present invention includes a method of determining the viscosity, at a given reference temperature, of a liquid flowing in a pipe comprising: (a) bleeding off a portion of the liquid from the pipe, (b) measuring the viscosity of the portion, heating it or cooling
it and measuring the viscosity again at a different
temperature, (c) measuring the density of the portion, and (d) calculating the viscosity, at a further different reference
temperature, from the data measured.
The viscometers used in the present invention may be rotating disc viscometers. Such viscometers are well-known and commercially available.
The viscosity range which can be measured by the rotating disc viscometer depends on the gap between the discs. The accuracy is highest at full scale deflection, for a linear calibration, and it is therefore desirable for the viscosity meters to be set so that the viscosity to be measured is close to the viscosity of a calibration sample. However the wide range of viscosity to be measured on marine fuel oil (30 to 380 cSt at 50"C) requires improved accuracy over the full measurement range of the rotating disc viscometers. Manufacturers generally use a linear equation to calculate the viscosity from the torque on the rotating disc.We have however found that the viscosity (y) can be calculated more accurately from the torque (x) by a cubic equation of the form y = ax3+bx2+cx+d where a, b, c and d are constants which may be determined experimentally, using non-linear regression analysis.
The loop of tubing preferably, but not necessarily, returns the liquid bled off back into the pipe. If the liquid is returned it is preferably returned downstream of the apparatus. The loop may have a pump in it to control the flow in the loop and ensure its re-injection into the pipe.
It follows from the above description of the basic technique, that it is necessary to know the temperatures at which the two viscosity measurements are made. It might, theoretically, be possible to calculate the temperatures, e.g. by knowing the initial temperature of the liquid in the pipe and by carefully controlling the flow in the tubing and the capacity of the heater or cooler to give a known temperature difference between the viscometers.
However, it is much simpler and more desirable to measure the temperatures in the viscometers. The apparatus described above preferably, therefore, includes thermometers with the viscometers and the method preferably includes measuring the temperatures at which the viscosities are determined.
While it is only important that there is a temperature difference between the thermometers, it is simpler and more preferable to heat rather than cool the liquid between viscometers.
The higher the temperature difference between the viscometers the higher will be the difference in viscosity measured. It is preferred to use a temperature difference of between 6"C and 10 C.
We have, however, obtained acceptable results at temperature differences of as low as 0.5wand 1.5 C.
In addition to the difference in temperature readings between the viscometers, the absolute values are significant in determining the viscosity of the liquid passing through the viscometers. It is possible to extend the range of viscosities over which a given blending installation can be used by arranging for the liquid to be cooled before passing it through the viscometers so that the viscosity of the liquid passing through the viscometers is within their measurement range.
The viscometers determine dynamic viscosity. The Walther equation is based on kinematic viscosity. A densitometer and the measurement of density is required, therefore, to convert the measured dynamic viscosities to kinematic viscosities. The densitometer may be placed at any convenient position in the loop of tubing, e.g. it may be placed across a pump, if one is used.
Suitable densitometers are available commercially, e.g. gamma ray densitometers or vibrating tube. Such densitometers operate by converting density at any measured temperature to density at a reference temperature, usually 15"C. The density measured at the reference temperature is converted by calculation to the densities at the temperatures of the two viscometers based on Tables in the IP59 density method.
Desirably, for accuracy of measurement and calculation, the viscosities measured at the two different temperatures should be made on the same sample. It will obviously take time for the volume of liquid on which a first viscosity measurement is made to pass through the heater or cooler and reach the second viscometer.
Preferably this time lag is known so that the viscosity measurements are made on the same two volumes. It could be calculated from a knowledge of the liquid flow rate through the loop of tubing, or could be determined by the addition of a flow meter to the system.
In practice, it has been found possible to operate the apparatus with time lags of a few seconds only, e.g. 3 - 10 seconds.
If the system is operating steadily, then the calculation can be based on a single set of measurements of the two viscosities.
Preferably, however, to minimise any minor variations a series of measurements over a period of time may be made and an average over this time period used in the calculation.
The measurements may be fed into a microprocessor programmed to calculate the viscosity at the required reference temperature from the data fed. This may include the calibration of each viscometer using the non-linear regression method mentioned above. If the apparatus is being used to control a blending operation, the results may then be used to control and adjust the blender to maintain a constant quality of product.
The invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a flow diagram of an apparatus according to the present invention with the equation used to determine the viscosity at the required reference temperature.
In the drawing a main pipe 1 has a blended liquid flowing in the direction of the arrow. The blender (not shown) is upstream of the portion of pipe shown. A loop of tubing 2 takes a blend from the pipe and returns it downstream. In the loop, in series, is a pump 3, a first viscometer 4, a heater 5 and a second viscometer 6.
A density monitor 7 is placed across the pump, a bleed from the pump outlet passing a small quantity of the liquid in the tubing through the monitor and back to the pump inlet. Each viscometer has a thermometer.
The measurement of density at a reference temperature of 150C and the viscosities and temperatures in the two viscometers are fed into a microprocessor 8. A keyboard and display unit 9 are connected to the microprocessor as is a central processing unit (CPU) 10 which controls the blender. As previously explained, the viscosities and temperatures in each viscometer are determined at different points in time depending on the time lag required for a volume of liquid measured in viscometer 1 to reach viscometer 2.
The time lag is calculated from the flow rate, pipe diameter, and heater size.
In the microprocessor, the density of the liquid at 15"C is used to calculate the density at the temperature of each of the viscometers and thus to convert the dynamic viscosities measured by the viscometers to kinematic viscosities. These viscosities and temperatures are then used in the first equation to determine B, where B = loRloloRlo(vl+0.8)-loRloloalo(v2+0.8) loglo(T2/Tl) where V1 and V2 are viscosities measured by viscometers 1 and 2, and T1 and T2 are absolute temperatures corresponding to temperatures tl and t2 in degrees celsius measured at viscometers 1 and 2; to minimise any rapid variations, a series of determinations of B is made over a given period of time and an average of B calculated.
This average B is then inserted in the second equation loglologlO(Vr+0.8)=loglologlO(V2+0.8)-B*loglO(Tr/T2) where Tr is the absolute reference temperature corresponding to tr (the reference temperature (in "C) input at the keyboard) and Vr is the calculated viscosity at the reference temperature. From this equation the viscosity of the liquid at the required reference temperature is determined.
The reference temperature at which the viscosity is required to be known and the period of time over which the average B is to be determined are programmed into the microprocessor through the keyboard 9. The microprocessor output of reference viscosity, reference temperature and average B are then fed to the control unit 10 for the blender.
In an example, the dual viscometer system was incorporated in a closed-loop test rig to simulate the sample by-pass flow loop illustrated. The apparatus was used to measure the viscosity of a series of fuel oils having nominal viscosities of 30, 60, 120, 180 and 380 cSt at 50etc. The fuel oils were fed through a 25 mm pipe at a maximum flow rate of approximately 600 litres/hour. Commercially available rotating disc viscometers were used, which were capable of operating at flow rates up to 2 tonnes per hour with 50 mm pipe size. The first viscometer 4 was adjusted (by altering the distance between the discs) to cover a viscosity range of 0.5 to 382.5 cp.
The viscosity measurement range of the second viscometer 6 was set to 0.5 to 404.5 cp in the same way. The constants required to correct for measurement errors were determined for each viscometer, using the method described earlier.
The test fuel was circulated through the system and its temperature raised to a level that ensured Newtonian flow (this temperature varied with viscosity but was in the range 35 to 450C).
At this temperature both viscometers were set to zero and switched on. The heater was then used to give a 5 to 10 C temperature difference between the two viscometers but in a closed-loop system this inevitably raised the inlet temperature of the fuel at the first viscometer. The lag time for a given volume of oil to pass from one viscometer to the other was calculated to be 6 seconds, however, the closed-loop system ensured a homogeneous fluid, hence the lag time was of little importance.
The measurements from the viscometers were fed into a programmed microprocessor and used to calculate the fuel oil viscosities at a reference temperature of 50 C. Readings of the viscosity calculated at the reference temperature were recorded from the microprocessor as the temperature at the first viscometer increased and the temperature difference between the two viscometers was maintained. When the temperature at the first viscometer reached approximately 70"C a sample of the test fuel was taken and the fuel allowed to cool before either repeating the test on the same fuel or changing to the next viscosity grade.
The samples were then analysed by the IP71 viscosity test method and the results compared to the mean and standard deviation of the values obtained from the dual viscometer system. The number of readings taken for each test varied between 11 and 23 with the majority of tests having 15 to 18 readings. The variation between the inlet temperature to the first viscometer and the reference temperature of 50"C ranged from 15 C below to 200C above. In this range, the laboratory viscosity results were compared with those determined by the dual viscometer arrangement of the present invention, and the following results obtained.
Laboratory Result (cSt) Dual Viscometer (cSt) Accuracy X 29.37 29.14 0.8 56.15 55.53 1.1 107.80 106.25 1.4 267.07 266.40 0.2 379.35 364.21 4.0 Thus, using an apparatus and method of the present invention on-line determinations can be made with a fast response time to changes in viscosity of the order of between 10 and 20 seconds and within an accuracy of 4 per cent.
The system of this invention can be used to sample relatively large quantities and hence make measurements on representative samples. The viscosity at any given reference temperature can be calculated, and the reference temperature changed, if required, without recalibrating the viscometers. Further, no close control of the sample temperature is necessary and for fuel oil blending, typical line temperatures of between 35 and 55"C are adequate for entry at the first viscometer.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for determining the viscosity, at a given reference temperature, of a liquid flowing in a pipe comprises: (a) a loop of tubing to bleed off a portion of the liquid flowing
in the pipe.
(b) two viscometers positioned in the loop with a heater or cooler
between the two viscometers, and (c) a densitometer for measuring the density of the liquid in the
loop.
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1 wherein the viscometers are rotating disk viscometers.
3. An apparatus according to either of Claims 1 or 2 wherein the liquid off from the pipe is returned to the pipe after determination of its viscosity.
4. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the viscometers are provided with thermometers.
5. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims which comprises signal processing means for calculating the viscosity at a required reference temperature from signals generated by the viscometers.
6. An apparatus according to Claim 5 wherein the signal processing means comprises means for generating control signals to control the operation of a blender which blends liquids of different viscosities to give a product of controlled viscosity.
7. A method of determining the viscosity, at a given reference temperature, of a liquid flowing in a pipe comprising: (a) bleeding off a portion of the liquid from the pipe, (b) measuring the viscosity of the portion, heating it or cooling
it and measuring the viscosity again at a different
temperature, (c) measuring the density of the portion, and (d) calculating the viscosity, at a further different reference
temperature, from the data measured.
8. A method according to Claim 7 wherein the viscosity is determined using rotating disk viscometers and the viscosity (y) is determined from the torque (x) using an equation of the form y = a x3+bx2+cx+d, where a, b, c and d are constants.
9. A method according to either of Claims 7 or 8 wherein a value B is calculated using the equation
B = log101oglO(V1 + 0.8) -log101oglO(V2 + 0.8) 1og10(T2/Tl) where V1 is the viscosity mesured by a first viscometer at an absolute temperature T1.
V2 is the viscosity measured by a second viscometer at an absolute temperature T2, and the value of Vr at an absolute reference temperature Tr is calculated from the equation log101oglO(V2 + 0.8) = 1og101og10(V2 + 0.8) - B*logl0(Tr/T2)
10. A method of preparing a marine fuel oil blend of defined viscosity from a fuel oil and a lower viscosity diluent which comprises automatically determining the viscosity of the fuel oil blend by a method according to any of Claims 7 to 9 and automatically adjusting the ratio of the components of the blend so as to maintain the viscosity of the blend at the required viscosity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9218287A GB2259368A (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1992-08-28 | Measurement of viscosity |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB919119074A GB9119074D0 (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 | Measurement of viscosity |
| GB9218287A GB2259368A (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1992-08-28 | Measurement of viscosity |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9218287D0 GB9218287D0 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
| GB2259368A true GB2259368A (en) | 1993-03-10 |
Family
ID=26299506
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9218287A Withdrawn GB2259368A (en) | 1991-09-06 | 1992-08-28 | Measurement of viscosity |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2259368A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6230550B1 (en) | 1998-05-26 | 2001-05-15 | Valmet-Raisio Oy | Method and apparatus for measuring the properties of a composition or a component thereof used in the processing of a paper or board web |
| US6695470B1 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2004-02-24 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for viscosity measurement |
| US6715915B1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2004-04-06 | Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd. | Fluidity determination method of a packed fluid and device used in the same |
| ES2255854A1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-07-01 | Melton, S.L. | System for the application of thermofusible materials |
| WO2006097382A1 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for measuring the viscosity of non-newtonian liquids, in particular motor fuels |
| WO2010102612A1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Porep Gmbh | Method for determining the viscosity of fuel/water and water/fuel emulsions |
| DE102011100029A1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | Horiba Europe Gmbh | Device for measuring a fuel flow and calibration device therefor |
| WO2014051582A1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Meter electronics and method for obtaining flow fluid viscosity at a reference temperature |
| EP3073228A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-28 | AVL List GmbH | System for measuring time-resolved throughflow processes of fluids |
| WO2021000002A1 (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-07 | Avl List Gmbh | System for measuring time-resolved throughflow processes of media, and method for ascertaining a thermal expansion coefficient using such a system |
| US12169169B2 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2024-12-17 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Controlling a viscosity of fuel in a fuel control system with a vibratory meter |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111505493B (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2022-06-24 | 上海乐研电气有限公司 | Multifunctional gas density monitor and monitoring system for monitoring temperature difference |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1280227A (en) * | 1969-06-24 | 1972-07-05 | Mobil Oil Corp | Means for continuously monitoring the density, flow properties, gel strength, resistivity, and ph properties of drilling mud |
| WO1984000830A1 (en) * | 1982-08-11 | 1984-03-01 | Eugene F Holben | Viscosity regulating apparatus and method |
-
1992
- 1992-08-28 GB GB9218287A patent/GB2259368A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1280227A (en) * | 1969-06-24 | 1972-07-05 | Mobil Oil Corp | Means for continuously monitoring the density, flow properties, gel strength, resistivity, and ph properties of drilling mud |
| WO1984000830A1 (en) * | 1982-08-11 | 1984-03-01 | Eugene F Holben | Viscosity regulating apparatus and method |
Cited By (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6230550B1 (en) | 1998-05-26 | 2001-05-15 | Valmet-Raisio Oy | Method and apparatus for measuring the properties of a composition or a component thereof used in the processing of a paper or board web |
| US6715915B1 (en) * | 1999-08-13 | 2004-04-06 | Morinaga Milk Industry Co., Ltd. | Fluidity determination method of a packed fluid and device used in the same |
| US6695470B1 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2004-02-24 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for viscosity measurement |
| ES2255854A1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-07-01 | Melton, S.L. | System for the application of thermofusible materials |
| WO2006079669A1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2006-08-03 | Melton, S.L. | System for the application of thermofusible materials |
| ES2255854B1 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2007-04-16 | Melton, S.L. | SYSTEM OF APPLICATION OF TERMOFUSIBLE MATERIALS. |
| WO2006097382A1 (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for measuring the viscosity of non-newtonian liquids, in particular motor fuels |
| WO2010102612A1 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-09-16 | Porep Gmbh | Method for determining the viscosity of fuel/water and water/fuel emulsions |
| DE102011100029A1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-10-31 | Horiba Europe Gmbh | Device for measuring a fuel flow and calibration device therefor |
| DE102011100029B4 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-12-20 | Horiba Europe Gmbh | Device for measuring a fuel flow and calibration device therefor |
| DE102011100029C5 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2016-10-13 | Horiba Europe Gmbh | Device for measuring a fuel flow and calibration device therefor |
| CN104736994A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-06-24 | 高准公司 | Meter electronics and method for obtaining flow fluid viscosity at a reference temperature |
| KR101939100B1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2019-01-17 | 마이크로 모우션, 인코포레이티드 | Meter electronics and method for obtaining flow fluid viscosity at a reference temperature |
| US20150204769A1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-07-23 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Meter electronics and method for obtaining flow fluid viscosity at a reference temperature |
| RU2589349C1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2016-07-10 | Майкро Моушн, Инк. | Measuring electronic device and method of obtaining viscosity of fluid flow at reference temperature |
| AU2012391077B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2016-08-25 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Meter electronics and method for obtaining flow fluid viscosity at a reference temperature |
| US10209170B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2019-02-19 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Meter electronics and method for obtaining flow fluid viscosity at a reference temperature |
| WO2014051582A1 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2014-04-03 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Meter electronics and method for obtaining flow fluid viscosity at a reference temperature |
| KR20150060853A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2015-06-03 | 마이크로 모우션, 인코포레이티드 | Meter electronics and method for obtaining flow fluid viscosity at a reference temperature |
| US10094378B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2018-10-09 | Avl List Gmbh | System for measuring temporally resolved through-flow processes of fluids |
| EP3073228A1 (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-09-28 | AVL List GmbH | System for measuring time-resolved throughflow processes of fluids |
| US12169169B2 (en) | 2015-06-08 | 2024-12-17 | Micro Motion, Inc. | Controlling a viscosity of fuel in a fuel control system with a vibratory meter |
| WO2021000002A1 (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-07 | Avl List Gmbh | System for measuring time-resolved throughflow processes of media, and method for ascertaining a thermal expansion coefficient using such a system |
| JP2022539319A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2022-09-08 | アーファオエル・リスト・ゲーエムベーハー | Time-resolved once-through process measurement system for media and method for determining thermal expansion coefficient using the system |
| JP7637077B2 (en) | 2019-07-01 | 2025-02-27 | アーファオエル・リスト・ゲーエムベーハー | System for measuring time-resolved flow-through processes of a medium and method for determining the coefficient of thermal expansion using said system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9218287D0 (en) | 1992-10-14 |
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