GB2258468A - A method and apparatus for producing malt - Google Patents
A method and apparatus for producing malt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2258468A GB2258468A GB9117237A GB9117237A GB2258468A GB 2258468 A GB2258468 A GB 2258468A GB 9117237 A GB9117237 A GB 9117237A GB 9117237 A GB9117237 A GB 9117237A GB 2258468 A GB2258468 A GB 2258468A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- kilning
- bed
- air
- grain
- inlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004464 cereal grain Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C1/00—Preparation of malt
- C12C1/125—Continuous or semi-continuous processes for steeping, germinating or drying
- C12C1/13—Continuous or semi-continuous processes for steeping, germinating or drying with vertical transport of the grains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C1/00—Preparation of malt
- C12C1/027—Germinating
- C12C1/0275—Germinating on single or multi-stage floors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C1/00—Preparation of malt
- C12C1/067—Drying
- C12C1/073—Processes or apparatus specially adapted to save or recover energy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C1/00—Preparation of malt
- C12C1/067—Drying
- C12C1/10—Drying on fixed supports
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
Kilning beds 10,11 are provided in a kilning housing 20 having an inlet 21 for ambient air and a flue outlet 22 through which exhaust air used in the kilning process is discharged. Kilning air at 55-95 DEG C is delivered from heat exchanger 25 through an air inlet 35 to the lower kilning bed 11. Outlet air from bed 11 is delivered to inlet 41 of the upper kilning bed 10 and is discharged through flue gas exhaust 22. When both beds are in use, heated air passes through lower bed (11) and is delivered to upper bed (10) as shown in the Figure. When it is desired to empty bed (1), valving door (46) is opened, so that air is delivered directly to bed (10). The arrangement allowing kilning to be carried out substantially continuously. <IMAGE>
Description
"A method and apparatus for producing malt"
The invention relates to a method for producing malt and to an apparatus for use in the method.
According to the invention there is provided a method for producing malt comprising the steps of:
steeping grain in water to increase the moisture
content of the grain to between 40 and 50 % moisture
by weight;
germinating the steeped grain; and
kilning the germinated grain, the kilning being
carried out at an upper kilning bed where the
moisture level is reduced to between 10 and 14% by
weight, partially kilned germinated grain being
delivered to the lower kilning bed for final ki].ning in which the moisture level is reduced to between 2
and 5 % by weight;
the kilning process comprising the steps of::
supplying kilning air to the lower kilning bed;
delivering air which has passed through the
lower kilning bed to the upper kilning bed;
and,
when malt is being discharged from the lower
kilning bed, providing a flow of kilning air to
the upper kilning bed to continue kilning of
the grain on the upper bed as the lower bed is
being emptied.
In particular preferred embodiment of the invention during kilning air which has passed through the first kilning bed is delivered through valving doors at the outlet of the lower kilning bed to an air inlet of the upper kilning bed, the valving doors being opened when the kilning air is being passed from the lower to the upper kilning beds.
Preferably the valving doors are closed when malt is being emptied from the lower kilning bed to facilitate direct supply of kilning air to the upper bed without passing through the lower bed and allowing kilning to be continued on the upper bed while the lower bed is being emptied.
In a preferred arrangement kilning air is heated by passing ambient air through preheating means and passing the preheated air through heat exchangers to heat the air to a desired temperature.
In one embodiment of the invention ambient air is passed through a two stage preheating means comprising a first stage preheater in which the air is heated by heat recovered from exhaust air from the kilning process and a second stage preheater in which partially preheated air is further preheated by heat recovered from a boiler economiser.
In another aspect the invention provides kilning apparatus for use in the method of the invention, the apparatus comprising a kilning housing having an upper kilning bed, a lower kilning bed, an inlet for ambient air and a flue outlet, the upper kilning bed having an inlet for kilning air and an outlet to the flue, the lower kilning bed having an inlet for kilning air and an outlet for delivery of air which has passed through the lower kilning bed to the inlet to the upper kilning bed,
the apparatus including main heating means for heating
ambient air for delivery of heated air to the kilning
beds, the outlets from the lower kilning beds being
closed by valving means to allow kilning air to be
delivered directly to the upper kilning bed to continue
kilning on the upper bed when the lower bed is being
emptied.
In one embodiment of this aspect of the invention the apparatus includes preheating means upstream of the main heating means for preheating ambient air prior to passage through the main heating means. Preferably the preheating means comprises a first preheating means in which ambient air is heated by heat extracted from discharged flue air from the kilning beds and a second preheating means in which preheated air is heated by heat extracted from a boiler economiser.
In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention the apparatus includes a flue air heat exchanger for recovering heat from heated air which is passed through the kilning beds.
Preferably valve means are provided between preheating means and the main heating means to permit preheated air to pass directly to the upper kilning bed. In addition, valving is provided between the main heating means and the lower ki'ning bed to permit heated air to pass directly to the upper kilning bed.
The invention also provides malt whenever produced by the method of the invention and/or using the apparatus of the invention.
The invention will be more clearly understood from the following description thereof given by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which;
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view
illustrating the method and apparatus of the invention in
one configuration of use;
Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of the
method and apparatus in another configuration of use; and
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one portion of the
apparatus.
The invention provides a method for producing malt which comprises steeping cereal grain, particularly barley, in water to increase the moisture content of the grain to a level of between 40 and 50 % by weight. The steeped grain is then passed to a germinating vessel where the steeped grain is germinated. The germinated grain is then kilned to decrease the moisture content of the grain to between 2 and 5 % moisture by weight to form a desired malt.
In the method according to the invention the kilning is carried out on an upper kilning bed 10 where the moisture level of the germinated grain is reduced to between 10 and 14 % by weight moisture. Partially kilned germinated grain is passed from the upper bed 10 to a lower kilning bed 11 for further kilning to reduce the moisture level of the partially kilned grain to between 2 and 5 % by weight to form a malt which is discharged from the lower kilning bed 11.
The kilning beds 10, 11 are provided in a kilning housing 20 having an inlet 21 for ambient air and a flue outlet 22 through which exhaust air used in the kilning process is discharged. Heating means for heating the ambient air comprises a main heat exchanger 25 which is supplied with heating medium from a boiler 26 having an economiser 27. The air is heated indirectly in the heat exchanger 25. The heating means also comprises a preheating means located upstream of the main heat exchanger 25. The preheating means comprises a first preheating heat exchanger 30 which is supplied with heating medium from an exhaust flue heat recovery exchanger 31 located in the exhaust flue from the kilning apparatus 20 and a second preheating heat exchanger 33 which is heated by means of a heating medium supplied by the boiler economiser 27.In the first preheater 30 typically ambient air temperature is typically raised by approximately 10-2 OOC. In the second preheating heat exchanger 33 the temperature of the air is raised by a further 15"C.
Air which is passed through the preheaters 30, 33 then passes through the main heat exchanger 25 which raises the temperature of the air to between 55"C and 95"C.
Hot kilning air is delivered from the main heat exchanger 25 through an under floor air inlet 35 to the lower kilning bed 11, the heated air passing through the kilning bed 11 is discharged through lower kilning bed outlets 36 closable by valving doors 37. Outlet air from the lower kilning bed 11 is then delivered by means of a fan 40 to an under-floor inlet 41 of the upper kilning bed 10. Air which is passed through the upper kilning bed 10 is delivered through outlets 42 through the exhaust heat exchanger 31 and is finally discharged through the flue gas exhaust 22.
It will be noted that a first valving door 45 is provided between the preheaters 30, 33 and the main heat exchanger 25 for delivery of preheated ambient air directly to the fan 40.
A second valving door 46 is provided between the outlet of the main heat exchanger 25 and the inlet 35 of the lower kilning bed 11 for delivery of hot kilning air directly to the fan 40.
In use, germinated grain which has been steeped and treated in germinating vessels is first delivered to the upper kilning bed 10. When the moisture level of the grain in the upper kilning bed 10 has been reduced to a desired level the grain is delivered to the lower kilning bed 11 for further kilning to reduce the moisture level of the grain. The operation of the kilning apparatus includes the step of emptying the kilning bed 11 and while this was being done up to the time of this invention the kilning apparatus had to be shut down. The invention however provides a substantial improvement as the kilning process can be continued even while the lower kilning bed is being emptied.As illustrated in Fig. 1 while kilning is taking place on the lower bed 11 heated air passing through the preheaters 30, 33 and the main heater 25 is delivered to the lower bed 11 through the under floor inlets 35 and is then discharged through the outlets 36, passed through the fan 40 and to the grain on the upper kilning bed 10 through the under floor inlets 41. As illustrated in Fig. 2 when it is desired to empty the malt from the lower kilning bed 11 the valving doors 37 from the lower kilning bed 11 are closed and the door 46 is opened for direct delivery of heated air to the fan 40 without passing through the lower kilning bed 11. Heated air is delivered by the fan 40 directly to the upper kilning bed 10 without passing through the lower kilning bed 11. Thus, kilning can be carried on substantially continuously. This represents a very considerable improvement in the production process as the capacity of the kilning apparatus is very significantly increased.
Many variations on the specific embodiments of the invention described will be readily apparent and accordingly the invention is not limited to the embodiments hereinbefore described but may be varied in both construction and detail.
Claims (13)
1. A method for producing malt from cereal grain comprising
the steps of:
steeping grain in water to increase the moisture
content of the grain to between 40 and 50 % moisture
by weight;
germinating the steeped grain; and
kilning the germinated grain, the kilning being
carried out at an upper kilning bed where the
moisture level is reduced to between 10 and 14% by
weight, partially kilned germinated grain being
delivered to the lower kilning bed for final kilning
in which the moisture level is reduced to between 2
and 5 % by weight;
the kilning process comprising the steps of::
supplying kilning air to the lower kilning bed;
delivering air which has passed through the
lower kilning bed to the upper kilning bed;
and,
when malt is being discharged from the lower
kilning bed, providing a flow of kilning air to
the upper kilning bed to continue kilning of
the grain on the upper bed as the lower bed is
being emptied.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein, during kilning
air which has passed through the first kilning bed is
delivered through valving doors at the outlet of the
lower kilning bed to an air inlet of the upper kilning
bed, the valving doors being opened when the kilning air
is being passed from the lower to the upper kilning beds.
3. A method as claimed 2 wherein the valving doors are
closed when malt is being emptied from the lower kilning
bed to facilitate direct supply of kilning air to the
upper bed without passing through the lower bed and
allowing kilning to be continued on the upper bed while
the lower bed is being emptied.
4. A method as claimed in any preceding claim wherein
kilning air is heated by passing ambient air through
preheating means and passing the preheated air through
heat exchangers to heat the air to a desired temperature.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4 wherein the ambient air
is passed through a two stage preheating means comprising
a first stage preheater in which the air is heated by
heat recovered from exhaust air from the kilning process
and a second stage preheater in which partially preheated
air is further preheated by heat recovered from a boiler
economiser.
6. A method substantially hereinbefore described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
7. Kilning Apparatus for use in a method as claimed in any
preceding claim comprising a kilning housing having an
upper kilning bed, a lower kilning bed, an inlet for
ambient air and a flue outlet, the upper kilning bed
having an inlet for kilning air and an outlet to the
flue, the lower kilning bed having an inlet for kilning
air and an outlet for delivery of air which has passed
through the lower kilning bed to the inlet to the upper
kilning bed,
the apparatus including main heating means for heating
ambient air for delivery of heated air to the kilning
beds, the outlets from the lower kilning bed being closed
by valving means to allow kilning air to be delivered
directly to the upper kilning bed to continue kilning on
the upper bed when the lower bed is being emptied.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7 including preheating
means upstream of the main heating means for preheating
ambient air prior to passage through the main heating
means.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8 wherein the preheating
means comprises first preheating means in which ambient
air is heated by heat extracted from discharged flue air
from the kilning beds and a second preheating means in
which preheated air is heated by heat extracted from a
boiler economiser.
10. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 7 to 9 in which the
apparatus includes a flue air heat exchanger for
recovering heat from heated air which has passed through
the kilning beds.
11. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 8 to 10 wherein
valving means are provided between the preheating means
and the main heating means to permit preheated air to
pass directly to the upper kilning bed.
12. A kilning apparatus substantially as hereinbefore
described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
13. Malt whenever produced by a method as claimed in any of
claims 1 to 6 and/or using an apparatus as claimed in any
of claims 7 to 12.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9117237A GB2258468B (en) | 1991-08-09 | 1991-08-09 | A method and apparatus for producing malt |
| BE9100763A BE1003175A6 (en) | 1991-08-09 | 1991-08-21 | PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MALT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9117237A GB2258468B (en) | 1991-08-09 | 1991-08-09 | A method and apparatus for producing malt |
| BE9100763A BE1003175A6 (en) | 1991-08-09 | 1991-08-21 | PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MALT. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9117237D0 GB9117237D0 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
| GB2258468A true GB2258468A (en) | 1993-02-10 |
| GB2258468B GB2258468B (en) | 1995-03-22 |
Family
ID=25662596
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9117237A Expired - Fee Related GB2258468B (en) | 1991-08-09 | 1991-08-09 | A method and apparatus for producing malt |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE1003175A6 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2258468B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2310432B (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1998-05-27 | Aichi Steel Works Ltd | Production method production apparatus and heat treatment apparatus for anisotropic magnet powder |
| US5851312A (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 1998-12-22 | Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. | Production method, production apparatus and heat treatment apparatus for anisotropic magnet powder |
| US6113846A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-09-05 | Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. | Production apparatus for rare earth anisotropic magnet powders |
| GB2457091A (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-08-05 | Minch Norton Ltd | Batch process and apparatus for kilning germinated grain |
| WO2023017130A1 (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-16 | Bühler AG | Method of energy-efficient drying of germinated seeds and apparatus for performing the method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2127844A (en) * | 1982-10-04 | 1984-04-18 | Vickers Plc | Improvements in batch malt kiln |
-
1991
- 1991-08-09 GB GB9117237A patent/GB2258468B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-08-21 BE BE9100763A patent/BE1003175A6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2127844A (en) * | 1982-10-04 | 1984-04-18 | Vickers Plc | Improvements in batch malt kiln |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2310432B (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1998-05-27 | Aichi Steel Works Ltd | Production method production apparatus and heat treatment apparatus for anisotropic magnet powder |
| US5851312A (en) * | 1996-02-26 | 1998-12-22 | Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. | Production method, production apparatus and heat treatment apparatus for anisotropic magnet powder |
| US6113846A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-09-05 | Aichi Steel Works, Ltd. | Production apparatus for rare earth anisotropic magnet powders |
| GB2457091A (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-08-05 | Minch Norton Ltd | Batch process and apparatus for kilning germinated grain |
| GB2457091B (en) * | 2008-02-04 | 2012-09-12 | Minch Malt Ltd | A batch process and apparatus for kilning germinated grain |
| WO2023017130A1 (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2023-02-16 | Bühler AG | Method of energy-efficient drying of germinated seeds and apparatus for performing the method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2258468B (en) | 1995-03-22 |
| BE1003175A6 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
| GB9117237D0 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732E | Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977) |
Free format text: REGISTERED BETWEEN 20100325 AND 20100331 |
|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20100809 |