[go: up one dir, main page]

GB2251068A - Monitoring smoke and dust in air - Google Patents

Monitoring smoke and dust in air Download PDF

Info

Publication number
GB2251068A
GB2251068A GB9105389A GB9105389A GB2251068A GB 2251068 A GB2251068 A GB 2251068A GB 9105389 A GB9105389 A GB 9105389A GB 9105389 A GB9105389 A GB 9105389A GB 2251068 A GB2251068 A GB 2251068A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
filter paper
airflow
chamber
automatic system
paper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
GB9105389A
Other versions
GB9105389D0 (en
Inventor
Michael Arthur Bush
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to GB9105389A priority Critical patent/GB2251068A/en
Publication of GB9105389D0 publication Critical patent/GB9105389D0/en
Publication of GB2251068A publication Critical patent/GB2251068A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N1/2205—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling with filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/09—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with filtering bands, e.g. movable between filtering operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/60—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
    • B01D29/601—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration by clearness or turbidity measuring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/94—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging the filter cake, e.g. chutes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
    • G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/86—Investigating moving sheets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
    • G01N21/94—Investigating contamination, e.g. dust
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/24—Suction devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
    • G01N15/0637—Moving support
    • G01N15/0643—Moving support of the filter type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
    • G01N1/2202—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state involving separation of sample components during sampling
    • G01N2001/222—Other features
    • G01N2001/2223—Other features aerosol sampling devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/4738—Diffuse reflection, e.g. also for testing fluids, fibrous materials
    • G01N2021/4776—Miscellaneous in diffuse reflection devices
    • G01N2021/478—Application in testing analytical test strips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/8483—Investigating reagent band
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/00009—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor provided with a sample supporting tape, e.g. with absorbent zones

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

A reel of filter paper (1) is typically clamped between two halves (2, 2A) of a chamber driven together by pneumatic ram (9). After a preset period of time, the ram separates the filter chamber so that the accumulated "stain" on the filter paper can be precisely moved underneath e.g. a reflectometer (4). A combination of unused and used filter paper reflectometer readings and the airflow values, are used to arrive at the weight of accumulated particulates using a known algorithm. The airflow through the system can be developed by pump (12) and the precise value set by needle valve (13). During the monitoring period the chamber is clamped and the airflow is on. During the measurement period the chamber is unclamped and the airflow turned off. <IMAGE>

Description

Improvements relating to Atmospheric-Air Smoke and Dust Pollution Measurement It is an object of this invention to provide a device which will enable a continuous record to be made of smoke and dust particle concentration in the air.
In accordance with the present invention there is provided an air contamination measurement device comprising a two-part airflow chamber having an open position and a closed position where it will seal a region of a strip of filter paper, means for drawing atmospheric air through the airflow chamber and thus through the filter paper sealed therein for a predetermined length of time, indexing means for moving the said region of the strip into precise alignment with a reflectance measurement instrument, when the airflow chamber is in the open position, and recording means for indicating a measurement of reflectance determined by the measurement instrument.
In the preferred device rollers will be provided for feeding the paper strip through the airflow chamber and below the measurement instrument. A sensing device will ideally be present to determine the extent of rotation of one of the rollers and thus ensure that the paper is only moved the required distance between the airflow chamber and the measurement instrument. Measurement of a "clean" section of the paper strip is made then the mechanism is operated to move the "grey" or "smoke stain" section of paper strip under the instrument so that a comparative reading of reflectance can be made.
The invention may be performed in various ways and a preferred embodiment will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing of one form of measurement device of this invention.
The equipment shown in the drawing is used to collect samples of smoke, dust and other particles onto filter paper 1 positioned in an airflow chamber 2, through which air is pumped through an air intake 3 by a pump 12 over a specified period, say 24 hours. At the end of the 24 hour period, a "clean" paper measurement is taken by a light reflectance measurement instrument 4, then the filter paper is advanced so that the "smoke stain" comes to rest exactly under the instrument. The measured value is stored and then the paper 1 advances once more so that a "clean" white paper is again under the instrument 4. The "white" and "grey" readings are used to calculate a "percentage" value where the "white" value equals 100%.This value together with the metered airflow value through the chamber 2 and thus through the filter paper, is used to help calculate the amount of air pollution over the specified period.
A reel 5 of filter paper is loaded onto a mandrel 6 on the left and a take-up spool 7 is fitted to a mandrel 8 on the right. The mandrel 8 has a slipping clutch.
For loading the paper the top section 2A of the two part airflow chamber 2 is raised by a pneumatic ram 9 which is caused to operate by a lever and microswitch arrangement.
A movement roller 10 is physically backed off to allow easy and free alignment of the threaded paper before taping to the take-up spool 7. At this time, the airflow pump 12 is turned off. After loading, the lever and microswitch, movement roller and driven top section 2A of the airflow chamber, are reset and the airflow pump 12 is turned on.
After the specified period, the airflow pump is turned off and the pneumatically driven top section 2A of the airflow chamber is raised. A rubber drive roller 11 is caused to turn by a motor and geared system. The movement roller 10 is caused to move as drive is transmitted through from the driver roller 11 with the paper 1, which also moves, compressed between the rollers 10 and 11. The movement roller 10 is a true indication of the paper movement and its circumference is machined to a value such that one revolution is exactly equal to 50mm of distance between the air chamber 2 and the reflectometer 4 and thus the distance travelled by the filter paper 1. The edges of the driver roller 11 are knurled in order to grip the filter paper.
At the start of a sample reading, the light source is turned on low. It ramps up electronically until the reflectometer output matches a preset reference value, when the light output stabilizes. At this time a "white" measurement is made and stored.
After a short delay, one revolution of the movement roller is made which advances the filter paper 1 by 50mm and the stain comes to rest exactly beneath the reflectometer 4.
The "stain" is measured and stored. The single revolution of the movement roller 10 is sensed electronically.
Likewise a second operation advances the paper 1 again by 50mm so that a "clean" section of filter paper is again under the reflectometer instrument. The two-part air chamber 2 clamps together, the light source is reset and the airflow pump 12 is turned on again. The quantity of air drawn through the chamber is set to a nominal value (for example 1.326 litres/minute) by an adjustable needle valve 13 and is measured by a metering device 14.
The reflectometer can be set up to have linear response by use of an EPROM. By the same token, the response can be modified to match the response of a "reference" instrument.
The sample period can be adjusted.

Claims (6)

1 An automatic system for monitoring smoke and dust having a mechanism loaded with reeled filter paper which can be controlled sequentially. The mechanism being designed to move the filter paper precise distances when triggered.
2 An automatic system as in claim 1 where a two-part filter chamber as part of the mechanism, is designed using previously quantified dimensions.
3 An automatic system as in claim 2, which also has a pneumatic sub system to drive the two-part filter chamber tightly together thus locking a section of the filter paper between.
4 An automatic system as in claim 3, having an optical sub system as a means of making reflectance measurements to the filter paper in a manner designed to reduce errors.
5 An automatic system as in claim 4, having a pump and needle valve as a means of setting the airflow and having an airflow metering sub-system.
6 An automatic system as in claim 5, having electronic control and circuitry to drive a printer and or data logger.
GB9105389A 1991-03-14 1991-03-14 Monitoring smoke and dust in air Withdrawn GB2251068A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9105389A GB2251068A (en) 1991-03-14 1991-03-14 Monitoring smoke and dust in air

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9105389A GB2251068A (en) 1991-03-14 1991-03-14 Monitoring smoke and dust in air

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB9105389D0 GB9105389D0 (en) 1991-05-01
GB2251068A true GB2251068A (en) 1992-06-24

Family

ID=10691554

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB9105389A Withdrawn GB2251068A (en) 1991-03-14 1991-03-14 Monitoring smoke and dust in air

Country Status (1)

Country Link
GB (1) GB2251068A (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2311857A (en) * 1996-04-02 1997-10-08 Molyneux Shlosberg Lindsay Monitoring gas for particulates
WO1998032001A1 (en) * 1997-01-22 1998-07-23 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Methods and apparatus for continuous ambient particulate mass monitoring
GB2349462A (en) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-01 John Sommerville Strip for environment monitoring
WO2004080694A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Sml Maschinengesellschaft M.B.H. Device for filtering viscous materials
WO2005040761A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-05-06 Smiths Detection Inc. Fully continuous bioaerosol identifier
WO2008023325A3 (en) * 2006-08-21 2008-08-14 Fai Instr S R L Apparatus and method for environmental monitoring
WO2010040371A1 (en) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-15 Bio Explorer B.V. Device and method for automatically analyzing micro organisms in a sample
CN103341831A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-09 合肥众沃仪器技术有限公司 Clamping device for rapid measurement of paper air permeability and using method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB715769A (en) * 1950-12-29 1954-09-22 Ernest Kurt Von Brand Improvements in or relating to apparatus for indicating the quantity of or detectinga constituent in a fluid
GB1461466A (en) * 1973-03-19 1977-01-13 Barringer Research Ltd Method of and apparatus for collecting and analyzing particles contained in atmospheric air
GB2146430A (en) * 1983-09-09 1985-04-17 Nat Nuclear Corp Ltd Gas contaminant sampling apparatus and method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB715769A (en) * 1950-12-29 1954-09-22 Ernest Kurt Von Brand Improvements in or relating to apparatus for indicating the quantity of or detectinga constituent in a fluid
GB1461466A (en) * 1973-03-19 1977-01-13 Barringer Research Ltd Method of and apparatus for collecting and analyzing particles contained in atmospheric air
GB2146430A (en) * 1983-09-09 1985-04-17 Nat Nuclear Corp Ltd Gas contaminant sampling apparatus and method

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2311857A (en) * 1996-04-02 1997-10-08 Molyneux Shlosberg Lindsay Monitoring gas for particulates
WO1998032001A1 (en) * 1997-01-22 1998-07-23 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Methods and apparatus for continuous ambient particulate mass monitoring
US5932795A (en) * 1997-01-22 1999-08-03 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Methods and apparatus for continuous ambient particulate mass monitoring
GB2349462A (en) * 1999-04-28 2000-11-01 John Sommerville Strip for environment monitoring
WO2004080694A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-23 Sml Maschinengesellschaft M.B.H. Device for filtering viscous materials
US7998410B2 (en) 2003-10-16 2011-08-16 Smiths Detection Inc. Fully continuous bioaerosol identifier
WO2005040761A1 (en) * 2003-10-16 2005-05-06 Smiths Detection Inc. Fully continuous bioaerosol identifier
WO2008023325A3 (en) * 2006-08-21 2008-08-14 Fai Instr S R L Apparatus and method for environmental monitoring
US8299449B2 (en) 2006-08-21 2012-10-30 Fai Instruments S.R.L. Apparatus and method for environmental monitoring
CN101542267B (en) * 2006-08-21 2012-11-21 法伊仪器有限公司 Apparatus and method for environmental monitoring
WO2010040371A1 (en) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-15 Bio Explorer B.V. Device and method for automatically analyzing micro organisms in a sample
US11226347B2 (en) 2008-10-07 2022-01-18 Biotrack Holding B.V. Method for simultaneously and automatically analyzing microorganisms in a sample using filter cytometry
CN103341831A (en) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-09 合肥众沃仪器技术有限公司 Clamping device for rapid measurement of paper air permeability and using method thereof
CN103341831B (en) * 2013-06-21 2016-04-13 合肥众沃仪器技术有限公司 A kind of clamping device for paper permeability Quick Measurement and using method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9105389D0 (en) 1991-05-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB2251068A (en) Monitoring smoke and dust in air
TW389829B (en) Device for inspecting a barshaped specimen
AU1147195A (en) Obsturction detection circuit for sample probe
US3654801A (en) Gas sampling device
JPH076973B2 (en) Method and apparatus for detecting gaseous components in air
US20190234885A1 (en) Reagent card alignment system and method
US7654758B2 (en) Systems and methods for determining media size
US4214480A (en) Integrated smoke tester
US5097496A (en) Sheet extracting mechanism with function for detecting the amount of stacked sheets and recording system utilizing the same
US8395778B2 (en) Soot number determining device and method for determining a soot number
EP0687902A1 (en) Method and device for counting and characterising defects on a photographic support
US5050201A (en) Apparatus incorporating a measuring head
CN1015829B (en) Method and equipment for testing dust content in waste gas
US5519210A (en) Apparatus and a process for recording photometric data that is positioned in succession or in adjacent fashion on a page-like or strip-like print
CS207561B2 (en) Device for automatic determination of the smoke density
US4479713A (en) Photographic exposure masks
JPS625647Y2 (en)
US4244533A (en) Method of operating an air sensor
RU2029290C1 (en) Photocolorimetric gas analyzer
JPH03120526A (en) Microfilm retrieving device
RU2814650C1 (en) Device for control of removed alpha contamination of fuel electronics
JPS62217143A (en) Method and apparatus for measuring color of powder in gaseous flow
GB2140163A (en) Porosimeter and methods of assessing porosity
JPH01172733A (en) Hardness measuring apparatus
EP0661534B1 (en) Apparatus and method for regulating the cross-linking density of glass coatings

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WAP Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1)