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GB2245606A - Fire resistant interliner - Google Patents

Fire resistant interliner Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2245606A
GB2245606A GB9105322A GB9105322A GB2245606A GB 2245606 A GB2245606 A GB 2245606A GB 9105322 A GB9105322 A GB 9105322A GB 9105322 A GB9105322 A GB 9105322A GB 2245606 A GB2245606 A GB 2245606A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
interliner
wadding
web
fibres
range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB9105322A
Other versions
GB2245606B (en
GB9105322D0 (en
Inventor
Darren Owen
Simon John Irwin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VITA FIBRES Ltd
Original Assignee
VITA FIBRES Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by VITA FIBRES Ltd filed Critical VITA FIBRES Ltd
Publication of GB9105322D0 publication Critical patent/GB9105322D0/en
Publication of GB2245606A publication Critical patent/GB2245606A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2245606B publication Critical patent/GB2245606B/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4391Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres
    • D04H1/43918Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece characterised by the shape of the fibres nonlinear fibres, e.g. crimped or coiled fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022Non-woven fabric
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425Cellulose series
    • D04H1/4258Regenerated cellulose series
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326Condensation or reaction polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
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    • D04H1/4334Polyamides
    • D04H1/4342Aromatic polyamides
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
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    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
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    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
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    • D04H1/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
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    • B32B2262/08Animal fibres, e.g. hair, wool, silk
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

A flame resistant interliner for interposing between an outer fabric and resilient wadding comprises a non-woven fibrous web having a loft lying in the range 0.15 mm to 10 mm, a limiting oxygen index greater than 25%, and a weight lying in the range 50 grams per square metre to 150 grams per square metre, and a density lying in the range 6 to 333 kilograms per cubic metre. Fibres of wool, acrylic, P.V.C. aramide, polyamide, polybenzimidazole or viscose may be mixed with binder fibres, crimped and carded to form a web that is bonded by heating. It may be laminated to wadding of polyester and binder fibres by needling, to adhesive bonding or autogenous bonding, or stitched or bonded to a cover fabric.

Description

Title: "Interliner" Description of Invention This invention relates to an interliner for interposing between an outer fabric and wadding.
Interliners are known for use for example in upholstery, which comprise a relatively dense sheet of material such as glass fibre or even aluminum, which is interposed between an outer fabric and cushioning to provide fire resistance. This is necessary because commonly the outer fabric is made of material such as polyester, or is dyed with dies, which are inflammable.
The alternative to using an interliner is to use fire resistant foam cushioning, but this is relatively expensive.
According to one aspect of the present invention we provide an interliner for interposing between an outer fabric and resilient wadding the interliner comprising a non-woven fibrous web having a loft i.e. thickness, lying in the range 0.15 nim to 10 mm, a limiting oxygen index [as herein defined] greater than 25sag, and a weight lying in the range 50 grams per square metre to 1 < 0 grams per square metre, and a density lying in the range 6 to 333 kilograms per cubic metre.
It has been found that such an interliner provides good fire resistant barrier.
The non-woven fibrous web preferably comprises a structure of crimped and/or carded fibres of, for examples only, modified acrylic, such as is sold under the trade name 'TEKLAN", wool, chlorofibres such as vinyl chloride, aramide, polyamide, such as nylon, polyimide, cross-linked acrylate, polybenzimidazole, F.R. Viscose, oxidised acrylic, or a mixture of some or all such fibres.
In each case the fibres are preferably of the type which when subjected to flame, tend to char rather than burn.
By "limiting oxygen index" we mean the percentage of oxygen in a gaseous oxygen/nitrogen mixture at which combustion can take place.
The preferred material for the interliner is a modified acrylic fibre having a limiting oxygen index lying in the range 29% to 34%, for example, Teklan which has a limiting oxygen index of about 29% or about 34% depending upon the variant.
The interliner preferably has a loft in the range inun to 10 mm, e.g.
of about 5.0 mm, a weight in the range 50 to 150 grams per square metre e.g. of about 100 grams per square metre, and a density in the range 6 to 150 kilograms per cubic metre, e.g. of about 20 kilograms per cubic metre.
The interliner may in use be secured to wadding, or alternatively to an outer fabric.
According to a second aspect of the invention we provide in combination resilient wadding and an interliner according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the wadding comprises a resiliently compressible non-woven fibrous web having a density lying in the range 2 kilograms per cubic metre to 66 kilograms per cubic metre and a loft when not compressed of at least 15 mm.
The density may lie in the range 10 kilograms per cubic metre to 66 kilograms per cubic metre but may lie in the range 13 - 2(3 kilograms per cubic metre.
The density of the wadding preferably lies in one of the following ranges: 2 - 25 kilograms per cubic metre; 4 - 10 kilograms per cubic metre; 5 - 8 kilograms per cubic metre.
The wadding fibres may comprise for examples only. polyester or nylon fibres.
The wadding and the interliner may be bonded together by thermally created bonds between fibres of the wadding web and the interliner web i.e. by making the wadding web and the interliner web separately and heating the wadding and/or the interliner to a temperature above the softening point [as herein defined] of the fibres. The fibres between which the bonds are thermally created may comprise bi-component fibres having components of different "softening point". Alternatively the wadding web and the interliner web may be made separately and bonded together by needling. Further alternatively or in addition by a suitable, preferably non-inflammable, adhesive provided as a further component between the fibres of the wadding web and of the interliner web.
Still further alternatively the wadding and the interliner may be bonded together by the fibres of the interliner being sprayed or otherwise applied in a molten or solidified state to the already made wadding web, so as to form an interliner web.
According to the third aspect of the invention we provide a method of making a combination of wadding and an interliner according to the second aspect of the invention, the method comprising the steps of manufacturing a web of the wadding and a web of the interliner, and bringing the web and interliner webs together.
The wadding and interliner webs may be bonded together by thermally created bonds between fibres of the wadding web and the interliner web i.e. by heating the wadding web and/or the interliner to a temperature at or above the softening point of the fibres [as herein defined], or by needling and/or by applying a suitable adhesive further component between the fibres of the wadding web and the interliner web.
By "softening point" we mean the temperature at which the fibre attains sufficient bonding capacity for the fibre to be bonded to another fibre.
The temperature at which this occurs varies depending upon the type of fibre and the molecular weight of the polymer and on additions made to the polymer to adjust this temperature. The temperature is sometimes referred to as the "melting point" and sometimes as the "glass transition temperature" and sometimes as the "tack point". When fibres are "crystalline" there is a definite melting point and thus this temperature constitutes the "softening point" as herein defined. Other fibres are amorphous and in this case the molecular orientation produced during manufacture of the fibre is maintained at normal temperatures. women such fibres are heated the molecular orientation is cancelled and the molecules can take up preferred statistic random positions on reaching a temperature which is referred to as the "glass transition temperature".This is evidenced by shrinkage of the fibres, a tendency to become tacky and the ease of deformation of the fibres.
Generally, the "glass transition temperature", "tack point" and "softening point" are substantially the same.
Generally, the "softening point" is the temperature at which the fibre becomes sufficiently liquid as to flow under its own weight.
According to a fourth aspect of the invention we provide a method of making a combination of wadding and an interliner according to the second aspect of the invention, the method comprising the steps of manufacturing a web of the wadding and applying the fibres of the interliner to the already made wadding web so as to form an interliner web.
The fibres of the interliner may be sprayed on to the wadding web.
Alternatively, the fibres of the interliner may be applied in molten state to the wadding web.
Further alternatively, the fibres of the interliner are applied in solid state to the wadding web.
In an alternative embodiment, the interliner of the first aspect of the invention may be secured to an outer fabric.
Hence, according to a fifth aspect of the invention we provide in combination a scrim comprising an interliner according to the first aspect of the invention and an outer fabric, the scrim being secured to the outer fabric.
The outer fabric may comprise for example a woven or knitted polyester fabric or any other suitable fabric which may be printed, embroidered or otherswrise decorated.
The scrim and the outer fabric are preferably secured together by stitching. For example the scrim and the outer fabric may be quilted together as desired. Alternatively or in addition the scrim and the outer fabric may be bonded together by a further adhesive component between the fibres of the scrim and the outer fabric.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention we provide an item of furniture having an interliner according to the first aspect of the invention interposed between an outer fabric layer and a resilient wadding layer.
The article of furniture may comprise a mattress or headboard, or seating or any other upholstered item of furniture.
Two examples of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a schematic plan view of an apparatus for making an interliner and wadding combination embodying the invention.
In a first example an interliner was made by carding and crimping, on a machine 10, fibres of Teklan, which are modified acrylic fibres and 5% binder fibres, to provide a non-woven fibrous web. The interliner was produced so as to have a weight of about 100 grams per square metre a loft of 4.6 mm and a density of 21.7 kilograms per cubic metre.
The TEKLAN material used had a limiting oxygen index of about 29%.
or 34% depending on the variant used.
At the same time, resilient wadding material was manufactured by carding and crimping, on a machine 11, fibres of polyester and 15 binder fibres to provide a non-woven fibrous web having a loft of at least 15 mm and a density of between 2 and 66 kilograms per cubic metre, more preferably the density may lie in the range 10 kilograms per cubic metre to 66 kilograms per cubic metre but may lie in the range 13 - 20 kilograms per cubic metre.
The density of the wadding preferably lies in one of the following ranges: 2 - 25 kilograms per cubic metre; 4 - 10 kilograms per cubic metre; 5 - 8 kilograms per cubic metre.
In two specific examples 6.8 and 7.9 kilograms per cubic metre.
The wadding was then fed to a conventional cross-folding machine 12 which lay a wadding web 13 comprising eight layers onto a conveyor C and the interliner was fed to a second cross-folding machine 14 to lay an interliner web 15 having six layers on top of the wadding web 13. Of course, any suitable number of layers may be provided in either web.
The thus assembled webs were then passed through a pair of consolidating rollers 16 where their loft was reduced by approximately 50% although any other suitable reduction in loft to compress the fibrous webs may be performed. Thereafter, the webs were passed into an oven 17 where they were heated to a temperature above the "softening point" of the binder fibres, which in the present example was about 1100C, so that the interliner became thermally bonded to the wadding.
Downstream of the oven 17 the webs were fed by the conveyor C to a rotary trimming apparatus 18 when edge parts 19 were trimmed from the web combination and the web combination (and the edge parts 19) were rolled onto a mandrel 21 removably supported on stands 22.
The combination of interliner and wadding were then used beneath an outer fabric in an upholstered piece of furniture comprising a mattress.
Of course, if desired the interliner web and the wadding web may be made at different times and be brought together when desired.
The binder fibres preferably comprise bi-component fibres including a first component having a first relatively lower "softening point" and a second component having a second relatively higher "softening point". For example, they may have a polyester core with a "softening point" of 240"C surrounded by a low "softening point" polyester sheath having a "softening point" of i 10"C. They may, for example, have a wall thickness of 0.003 mm and the core may be of 0.014 mm diameter.
Instead of the interliner comprising Teklan fibres, any other suitable fibre could instead be used such as wool, chlorofibre such as vinyl chloride, aramide, polyamide such as nylon, polyimide, cross-linked acrylate, polybenzimidazole, F.R. Viscose, or oxidised acrylic or a mixture of some or all such fibres.
The interliner may have a weight lying in the range 50 grams per square metre to a 150 grams per square metre, a loft lying in the range 0.15 mm to 10 mm but preferably in the range lmm to 10 mm, and a density lying in the range 6 to 333 kilograms per cubic metre, but preferably in the range 6 to 150 kilograms per cubic metre.
The wadding may instead of comprising polyester fibres, comprise a non-woven fibrous web of any other desired fibres such a nylon and may have a loft when not compressed of any desired thickness preferably greater than 15 mm.
Alternatively or in addition, the interliner and wadding may be bonded together by applying a suitable, preferably non-inflammable, adhesive such as a PVC or a PVdC (polyvinyl dichloride) binder adhesive between the two, as a further component, or the interliner fibrous material may be sprayed or otherwise applied to the wadding when in a molten or softened state, so as to form a nonfibrous web bonded to the wadding.
If desired, for added safety and fire resistance, an interliner may be provided on both major surfaces of the wadding material, or may envelope the wadding material completely.
Where the interliner and wadding are made separately and brought together at the combination station, these may be made simultaneously using two carding machines or one carding machine maybe used to make the wadding and the interliner separately, as desired.
In a second example, an interliner of TEKLAiNT was produced in a similar manner as described with reference to the first example. However instead of bonding the interliner to wadding, the interliner was secured to an outer fabric, for example, a woven or knitted material which may comprise a polyester material. The fabric may comprise a ticking.
The interliner of TEKLAN provides a scrim beneath the outer fabric, and the outer fabric and scrim may be secured together by stitching, for example, by quilting the two together, and/or in any other desired manner such as by means of an adhesive, such as PVC or PVdC. If desired a holding scrim may be provided beneath the interliner.
The combination of outer fabric and scrim was then applied over wadding in an upholstered item of furniture such as a mattress, headboard, seating or any other desired upholstered piece of furniture.
Instead of the outer fabric comprising polyester material, the outer fabric may comprise any other desired material. The interliner may be made of fibres other than Teklan, as described with reference to the first example.
The wadding over which the fabric/scrim is applied may comprise any desired thickness and may be a wadding such as described with reference to the first example and, if desired, the wadding may be bonded to the scrim by thermal bonding or with a separate adhesive component or any other desired means.
In either example, if desired the interliner web may be bonded to the wadding web by needling or any suitable way instead of or in addition to the arrangements described hereinbefore when appropriate.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in the terms or means for performing the desired function, or a method or process for attaining the disclosed result, may, separately or in any combination of such features, be utilised for realising the invention in diverse forms thereof.

Claims (40)

CLAIMS:
1. An interliner for interposing between an outer fabric and resilient wadding the interliner comprising a non-woven fibrous web having a loft lying in the range 0.15 mm to 10 mm, a limiting oxygen index [as herein defined] greater than 25%, and a weight lying in the range 50 grams per square metre to 150 grams per square metre, and a density lying in the range 6 to 333 kilograms per cubic metre.
2. An interliner according to Claim 1 wherein the non-woven fibrous web comprises a structure of crimped and/or carded fibres.
3. An interliner according to Claim 2 wherein the fibres comprise fibres selected from the group comprising modified acrylic, wool, chlorofibres such as vinyl chloride, aramide, polyamide such as nylon, polyimide, cross-linked acrylate, polybenzimidazole, F.R. Viscose, oxidised acrylic, or a mixture of some or all such fibres.
4. An interliner according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the fibres are of the type which char when subjected to flame.
5. An interliner according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the fibres comprise a modified acrylic fibre having a limiting oxygen index lying in the range 29% to 34%.
6. An interliner according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the interliner has a loft in the range lmm to 10 mm, a weight in the range 50 to 150 grams per square metre, and a density in the range 6 to 150 kilograms per cubic metre.
7. An interliner according to Claim 6 wherein the interliner has a loft of about 5 mm, a weight of about 100 gms. per sq. metre and a density of about 20 kilograms per cubic metre.
8. An interliner according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the interliner is secured to wadding.
9. An interliner according to any one of Claims 1 to 7 wherein the interliner is secured to an outer fabric.
10. An interliner substantially as hereinbefore described.
11. In combination, resilient wadding and an interliner according to any one of Claims 1 to 10 wherein the wadding comprises a resiliently compressible non-woven fibrous web having a density lying in the range 2 kilograms per cubic metre to 66 kilograms per cubic metre and a loft when not compressed of at leas 15 mm.
12. A combination according to Claim 11 wherein the density of the wadding lies in the range 10 to 66 kilograms per cubic metre or in the range 13 to 20 kilograms per cubic metre.
13. A combination according to Claim 11 wherein the density of the wadding lies in the range 2 - 25 kilograms per cubic metre; or in the range 4 - 10 kilograms per cubic metre; or in the range 5 - 8 kilograms per cubic metre.
14. A combination according to any one of Claims 11 to 13 wherein the wadding fibres comprise polyester or nylon fibres.
15. A combination according to any one of Claims 11 to 14 wherein the wadding and the interliner are bonded together by thermally created bonds between fibres of the wadding web and the interliner web.
16. A combination according to any one of Claims 11 to 14 wherein the wadding and the interliner are bonded together by needling.
17. A combination according to any one of Claims 11 to 16 wherein the wadding web and the interliner web are bonded together by a further adhesive component between fibres of the wadding web and of the interliner web.
18. A combination according to any one of Claims 11 to 14 wherein the wadding web and the interliner web are bonded together by the fibres of the interliner having been sprayed or otherwise applied in a molten or solidified state to the already made wadding web, so as to form an interliner web.
19. A combination substantially as hereinbefore described.
20. A method of making a combination of wadding and an interliner according to any one of Claims 11 to 19, the method comprising the steps of manufacturing a web of the wadding and a web of the interliner, and bringing the wadding and interliner webs together.
21. A method according to Claim 20 wherein the wadding and interliner webs are bonded together by thermally created bonds between fibres of the wadding web and the interliner web by heating the wadding web and/or the interliner web to a temperature at or above the softening point of the fibres [as herein defined].
22. A method according to Claim 20 wherein the wadding and interliner webs are bonded together by needling.
23. A method according to any one of Claims 20 to 22 wherein the wadding and interliner web are bonded together by applying a suitable adhesive further component between fibres of the wadding web and the interliner web.
24. A method according to Claim 20 substantially as hereinbefore described.
25. A method of making a combination of wadding and an interliner according to any one of Claims 11 to 19, the method comprising the steps of manufacturing a web of the wadding and applying the fibres of the interliner to the already made wadding web so as to form an interliner web.
26. A method according to Claim 25 wherein the fibres of the interliner are sprayed on to the wadding web.
27. A method according to Claim 25 or Claim 26 wherein the fibres of the interliner are applied in molten state to the wadding web.
28. A method according to Claim 25 or Claim 26 wherein the fibres of the interliner are applied in solid state to the wadding web.
29. A method according to Claim 25 substantially as hereinbefore described.
30. In combination, a scrim comprising an interliner according to any one of Claims 1 to 10 and an outer fabric, the scrim being secured to the outer fabric.
31. A combination according to Claim 30 wherein the outer fabric is a woven or knitted fabric.
32. A combination according to Claim 30 or 31 wherein the scrim and the outer fabric are secured together by stitching.
33. A combination according to Claim 32 wherein the scrim and the outer fabric are quilted together.
34. A combination according to Claim 32 or Claim 33 wherein the scrim and the outer fabric are bonded together by a further adhesive component between fibres of the scrim and the outer fabric.
35. A combination according to Claim 28 substantially as hereinbefore described.
36. An item of furniture having an interliner according to any one of Claims 1 to 10 interposed between an outer fabric layer and a resilient wadding layer.
37. An item of furniture including a combination according to any one of Claims 11 to 19 or 30 to 36.
38. An item of furniture according to Claim 36 or Claim 37 wherein the article of furniture comprises a mattress or a headboard, or seating or any other upholstered item of furniture.
39. An article of furniture according to Claim 36 or Claim 37 substantially as hereinbefore described.
40. Any novel feature or novel combination of features disclosed herein and/or in the accompanying drawing.
GB9105322A 1990-03-13 1991-03-13 Interliner Expired - Fee Related GB2245606B (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2336164A (en) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-13 Vitafibres Limited Non-woven insole for footwear
EP0763418A3 (en) * 1995-09-18 1999-12-15 Karl Mayer Malimo Textilmaschinenfabrik GmbH Method for producing a multilayered web for upholstery cover material for vehicles
WO2003023108A1 (en) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Carpenter Co. Nonwoven highloft flame barrier
DE10163548C1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-10-30 Freudenberg Carl Kg Flame-resistant interlining for protective clothing against thermal effects, process for its production and its use
EP1380679A1 (en) * 2002-07-09 2004-01-14 FiDiVi Tessitura Vergnano S.p.A. A covering for items of furniture, and a method for the production thereof
GB2396360A (en) * 2002-10-16 2004-06-23 John Cotton Group Ltd An ignition resistant layer for upholstery fillings
US7589037B2 (en) 2005-01-13 2009-09-15 Basofil Fibers, Llc Slickened or siliconized flame resistant fiber blends
US8163664B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2012-04-24 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Fiberglass products for reducing the flammability of mattresses
ITBI20120004A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2013-10-04 Franco Vialardi METHOD OF REALIZATION OF OVATTA COESA, MACHINE FOR THE REALIZATION OF OVATTA COESA, ASSOCIATED WITH THE ABOVE METHOD AND MECHANISM FOR MIXING BETWEEN BINDING AND WAXING POWDER.
US8839496B2 (en) 2002-10-01 2014-09-23 Freudenberg Nonwovens, L.P. Flame blocking liner materials

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1381041A (en) * 1971-01-27 1975-01-22 Gaf Corp Electrochemical battery containing a thermoplastic polymeric fabric separator

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1381041A (en) * 1971-01-27 1975-01-22 Gaf Corp Electrochemical battery containing a thermoplastic polymeric fabric separator

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0763418A3 (en) * 1995-09-18 1999-12-15 Karl Mayer Malimo Textilmaschinenfabrik GmbH Method for producing a multilayered web for upholstery cover material for vehicles
GB2336164A (en) * 1998-04-07 1999-10-13 Vitafibres Limited Non-woven insole for footwear
WO2003023108A1 (en) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Carpenter Co. Nonwoven highloft flame barrier
US7259117B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2007-08-21 Mater Dennis L Nonwoven highloft flame barrier
DE10163548C1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-10-30 Freudenberg Carl Kg Flame-resistant interlining for protective clothing against thermal effects, process for its production and its use
EP1380679A1 (en) * 2002-07-09 2004-01-14 FiDiVi Tessitura Vergnano S.p.A. A covering for items of furniture, and a method for the production thereof
US8839496B2 (en) 2002-10-01 2014-09-23 Freudenberg Nonwovens, L.P. Flame blocking liner materials
GB2396360A (en) * 2002-10-16 2004-06-23 John Cotton Group Ltd An ignition resistant layer for upholstery fillings
GB2396360B (en) * 2002-10-16 2005-11-30 John Cotton Group Ltd An ignition resistant layer for upholstery fillings
US8163664B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2012-04-24 Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc Fiberglass products for reducing the flammability of mattresses
US7589037B2 (en) 2005-01-13 2009-09-15 Basofil Fibers, Llc Slickened or siliconized flame resistant fiber blends
ITBI20120004A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2013-10-04 Franco Vialardi METHOD OF REALIZATION OF OVATTA COESA, MACHINE FOR THE REALIZATION OF OVATTA COESA, ASSOCIATED WITH THE ABOVE METHOD AND MECHANISM FOR MIXING BETWEEN BINDING AND WAXING POWDER.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9005676D0 (en) 1990-05-09
GB2245606B (en) 1994-02-02
GB9105322D0 (en) 1991-04-24

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Effective date: 19990313