GB2128899A - Bonded composites - Google Patents
Bonded composites Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2128899A GB2128899A GB08327867A GB8327867A GB2128899A GB 2128899 A GB2128899 A GB 2128899A GB 08327867 A GB08327867 A GB 08327867A GB 8327867 A GB8327867 A GB 8327867A GB 2128899 A GB2128899 A GB 2128899A
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- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- vulcanized
- epdm
- thermoplastic
- rubber composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005606 polypropylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- -1 polypropylene, propylene copolymers Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003031 santoprene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- REQPQFUJGGOFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylcarbamothioyl n,n-dimethylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SC(=S)N(C)C REQPQFUJGGOFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004274 stearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKDHWGOHWGLLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(sulfanylidene)-3h-1,3-benzothiazole-2-thione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2S(=S)(=S)C(S)=NC2=C1 KKDHWGOHWGLLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical class [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006237 Intermediate SAF Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiazol-2-yl disulfide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(SSC=3SC4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=NC2=C1 AFZSMODLJJCVPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010690 paraffinic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001175 rotational moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC.CCCCN(C([S-])=S)CCCC BOXSVZNGTQTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/12—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives
- C08J5/121—Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/72—Cured, e.g. vulcanised, cross-linked
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/704—Crystalline
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/04—Polyethylene
- B32B2323/043—HDPE, i.e. high density polyethylene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
- B32B2323/16—EPDM, i.e. ethylene propylene diene monomer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
A method of making a novel bonded composite of (i) a thermoplastic elastomeric blend of vulcanized EPDM particles not more than 50 microns in size disposed in a thermoplastic linear crystalline polyolefin continuous phase, with (ii) a vulcanized EPDM or EPM rubber composition containing less than 50% (preferably 5% to less than 40%) by volume of rubber, comprises fusing the thermoplastic elastomeric blend and solidifying it in contact with the vulcanized rubber composition in the absence of an adhesive interlayer. Preferably the blend is extruded onto the vulcanized rubber composition. Preferably the linear crystalline polyolefin in the thermoplastic blend has a melt flow index of at least 0.25 when measured according to the test conditions ASTM D 1238-65T and is selected from polypropylene, propylene copolymers, high density polyethylene and high density ethylene copolymers.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Bonded composites
This invention relates to a method of producing a bonded composite of a thermoplastic elastomeric blend with a vulcanized EPDM or EPM rubber composition and to the composite produced thereby.
Thermoplastic elastomeric blends ofthemoplastic Iinearcrystalline polyolefin and vulcanized EPDM (ethytene/propylene/diene monomerterpolymer) rulstirerare known e.g. see those described in U.K.
PatentNo. 2,007,683B. In such blends the polyolefin resin isehe continuous phase with the EPDM as dispersed particles of a size 50 microns or less, usually f to 10 microns. Because the polyolefin is the continuous phase the resulting composition would be expected to behave in a similarwayto a composition consisting essentially of the polyolefin alone. However, we have found this notto be the case when trying to bond such a composition to a vulcanized EPDM or EPM (ethylene/propylenecopo- lymer) rubberwithouttheaid of an adhesive interlayer.Only by selecting a particularclassof EPDM or EPM rubber compositions, i.e. those compositions containing unexpectedly low levels of EPDM or EPM, can satisfactory adhesion be achieved.
According to one aspect of the present invention a method of making a bonded composite of (i) a thermoplastic elastomeric blend of vulcanized EPDM particles not more than 50 microns in size dispersed in a thermoplastic linear crystalline polyolefin continuous phase, with (ii) a vulcanized EPDM or EPM rubber composition containing less than 50% by volume of rubber, comprises fusing the thermoplastic elastomeric blend and solidyifying it in contact with the vulca- nized rubber composition in the absence of an adhesive interlayer.
According to a further aspect of the present invention a bonded thermoplastic elastomeric blend/ vulcanized EPDM or EPM rubber composite com- prises:
(i) a thermoplastic elastomerwhich has vulcanized
EPDM parties not more than 50 microns in size dispersed in a thermoplastic linear crystalline polyolefin continuous phase, bonded without an adhesivrinterlayerto (ii) a vulcanized EPDM to EPM rubber containing less thaw 50% byvolume of rubber.
By "thermoplastic elastomeric" is meant a macromolecular material which (i) at room temperature is capabJeof recovering substantially in shape and size after removal of a deforming force and (ii) is capable of being repeatedly softened by increase of tempera tune and hardened by decrease oftemperature i.e. the change upon heating is substantially physical.
Thethermoplasticelastomeric blend remainsther moplastic after bonding and no detectable vulcaniza tiontakes place during bonding. The linear crystalline polyolefin in the blend is preferably selected from
homopolymers and copolymers of propylene and
high density homopolymers and copolymers of
ethylene. Linear high density ethylene polymers and
linear low density ethylene polymers can be made by low pressure solution polymerization; branched low density ethylene polymers are high pressure solution polymerized and are excluded from the present invention. Preferablythepolyolefin hasa melt flow index of at least 0.25 when measured according to the test conditions specified in ASTM D 1238-65T.
The EPDM or EPM rubber is usually in nonparticulate form and must be in the vulcanized state (i.e. cross-linked, non-thermoplastic) prior to contact with the thermoplastic blend. The EPDM and/or EPM rubber may be in combination with at least one other rubber, preferably such that the total volume of EPDM and/or EPM rubber is more than 50% ofthetotal rubber present.
Examples of methods of bringing the components into contact are by injection, transfer, rotational or compression moulding or extrusion ofthethermoplastic elastomeric blend into contact with the vulcanizedEPDMorEPM. Preferablythethemoplas- tic blend is extruded onto the vulcanized EPDM or
EPM rubber as extrusion usually achieves a greater degree of "wetting" of the rubberbythethemoplas- tic. A person of ordinary skill in the artwould be able bysimpletrial and errorto adjustthe conditions of contact of the two materials in orderto achieve satisfactory bonding levels.Where the process involves vulcanizing the EPDM/EPM composition im mediatelypriorto contactwith the thermoplastic blend,there is no need to cool the rubber, and indeed it may be advantageous notto do so. If desired an
EPDM/EPM composition which has been vulcanized and cooled beforehand can be preheated to promote bonding with a thermoplastic blend.
Preferred compositions of the thermoplastic blend comprise (a) 15 to 45, more preferably 15 to 40, % by volume polyolefin, (b) 15to 50, more preferably 20to 45, % byvolume EPDM, (c) 15 to 50, more preferably 15to45, % byvolumeoil,and (d) a 15% maximum, more preferably 10% maximum, by volume of other ingrndients(s).
Preferably the total rubber content of the vulcanized EPDM or EPM rubber composition is less than 40% and at least 5% by volume, more preferablyfrom 5 to 35% by volume. Atotal rubber content of from 5 to 35% by volume is particularly applicable where the thermoplastic blend to be bonded to it has a Shore D hardness of less than 82.5 or contains less than 35% byvolume of linearcrystalline polyolefin. The remainder of the composition includes ingredients selected from filler (e.g. carbon black), liquid extender (e.g. petroleum based oil orsimilar),vulcanizing agent, vulcanization accelerator and anti-oxidant.
Wherethethermoplastic blend contains less than 35% by volume polyolefin and more than 34% by volume oil, the rubber content of the rubber composition should be less than 40% by volume in orderfor satisfactory adhesion to be attained.
The process of the present invention could be used where coextrusion is not practical. For example when making door or window sealing strips an EPDM/EPM rubber composition could be vulcanized in the required profile and then a thermoplastic blend extruded onto it.
The invention is illustrated by the following Exam
ples. Although extrusion is particularly applicable to the invention it is not ideal for assessing adhesion
levels accurately. Therefore an injection moulding technique was used.
Example I
Sheets 228.6 x 76.2 x 2 mm of EPDM rubber compositions containing proportions of EPDM from 30 to 65% by volume as shown in Table I were vulcanized against a biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (available underthe Registered Trade
Mark MELINEX) film to give a consistent, clean bonding surface.
Thermoplastic blends of various composition available underthetrade name "Santoprene" from
Monsanto were injected onto the EPDM rubber surface in a mould measuring 102 x 76.2 x 6 mm with a full-width fangate known to give even adhesion throughout the test sample. For comparison a polypropylene available as Carlona KM61 having a meltflow index of 3 was applied in the same manner.
Part of the rubber sheet at the opposite end to the injection gate was sprayed with polytetrafluoroethylene (available under the registered Trade
Mark TEFLON) to prevent adhesion. This injection moulding was carried out with a 45 ton lock Edgwick machine usingthefollowing moulding conditions: Barrel temperature- 275/260/250 C Mouldtemperature-700C Cycletime-40 seconds
Peel adhesion values of the resulting composites were measured at an Instron crosshead speed of 125 mm/minute and the results plotted on a graph (see Figure 1).
Axis X denotes peel adhesion in N/cm and axis Y denotes rubber content of the EPDM as a percentage volume. Curve 1 refers to results obtained using
Santoprene73A. Curve 2 refers to results obtained using Santoprene 80A. Curve 3 refers to results obtained using Santoprene 87A. Curve 4 refers to results obtained using Santoprene SOD. Curve (5) (control) refers to results obtained using polypropy lene-Carlona KM61.
The "Santoprene" formulations are believed to be dynamically cured polypropylene/EPDM/oillfiller thermoplastic elastomers. The polypropylene content is believed to be 87A > 50D > 80A > 73A and the
EPDM content is believed to be 87A > 80A > 73 > 50D.
Adhesion values are dependent upon thetypeof failure which can vary considerably as follows: Adhesion failure. Clean failure with noappa; rentchangeintheapprearanceofthe rubber
surface.
~ = Thin layerplasticteanng. Failure occurs in the
plastic layerwhich leaves as layer of plastic
approximately 7 mm thick attached to the
rubber.
e = Thin layer rubbertearing. Failure occures in the rubber layer which leaves a thin layer of
rubber approximately 0.5mm thick attached
to the plastic.
~ = Rubber tearing. Failure occurs by massive
rubber tea ring, the value obtained being
obviously dependent on the rubbertear
strength and sample thickness.
TABLE I EDPMFORMULATJONS (Parts by Weight) A B C D E F Into lan 255 (EPDM) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
N550 carbon black 56.0 77.0106.0127.0153.0 187.0
Circosol 4240 (naphthenicoil) 26.0 47.0 76.0 97.0123.0157.0 StearicAcid 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Zinc Oxide 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Sulphur 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
ZnBuD (zinc
dibutyl dithiocarbamate) 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
MBTS (mercaptobenz-thiazole disulphide) 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
TMTMS (tetramethyl thiuram monosulphide) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Cure::- 60 minutes at 150 C
B.S.D. Hardness 71.0 73.0 68.5 70.5 70.5 71.0
Rubber Volume % 65 55 45 40 35 30 Example it Experiments have shown that an extrusion techni que tends to give a better bond tkan an injection moulding technique:
Thermoplastic EPDM content Injection Extrusion blend of vulcanized Moulding Adhesion
rubber Adhesion N/cm
composition N/cm
% volume
Santoprene 73A 33 22(E) PF SORT
Santoprene 73A 35 19AF ::l8AF Santoprene 73A 43 4(E)AF ISAF Santoprene 50D 35 60RT 56RT Santoprene SOD 43 52(E)RT 68RT
E = estimated from Figure 1
PF= plastic failure
Af = adhesion failure
RT= rubber tearing
Example Ill Sheets 228.6 x 76.2 x 2 mm of EPDM rubber compositions containing proportions of EPDM from 30to 65% by volume as shown in Table 1 were vulcanized against Melinex (a biaxially orientated polyethylene terephthalate) film to give a consistent clean bonding surface.
A dynamically cured thermoplastic elastomeric blend of high density polyethylene (HDPE) and vulcanized EPDM was prepared by mixing the following ingredients in a 34 mm twin screw extruder at a temperature of 2000C and screw speed of 233 rum:~ Pear 585 (EPDM) 100.0 parts by weight
Rigidex 006/60 (HDPE) 130.0 parts by weight
Sunpar 2280 (paraffinicoil) 145.0 parts by weight
Schenectady SP 1055 (Brominated phenolic resin) 12.0 parts by weight
Zinc Oxide 5.0 parts by weight
Titanium Dioxide 5.0 parts by weight
StearicAcid 1.0 parts by weight Mistron Vapour Talc 1.0 parts by weight
The thermoplastic blend was injected onto the
EPDM rubbersurfacein a mould measuring 102 x 76.2 x 6 mm with a full width fanate known to give even adhesion throughoutthe test sample. For comparison the HDPE Rigidex 006/60 having a melt flowindexofo.6wasapplied in the same manner.
Part of the rubber sheet atthe opposite end to the injection gate was sprayed with Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) to prevent adhesion. The injection moulding was carried out with a 45 ton lock Edwick machine using the following moulding conditions:
Barrel temperature re 275/260/2500C
Mould temperature - 700C Cycletime 40 seconds
Peel adhesion values ofthe resulting composites were measured at an Instron crosshead speed of 125 mm/minute andthe results plotted on a graph (see
Figure 2). Axis X denotes peel adhesion in N/cm and axis Denotes rubber content ofthe EPDM as a percentage volume. Curve t refers to results obtained using the HDPEIEPDM blend and curve 2 (control) refers to results obtained using the HPDE. The symbols usedforthegraph points have the same meaning as described in Example
Claims (15)
1. A method of making a bonded composite of (i) a thermoplastic elastomeric blend of vulcanized
EPDM particles not more than 50 microns in size dispersed in athermoplasticlinearcrystalline polyolefin continuous phase, with (ii) a vulcanised EPDM or EPM rubber composition containing less than 50% by volume of rubber, comprises fusing the themoplastic elastomeric blend and solidifying it in contact with the vulcanized rubbercomposition in the absence of an adhesive interlayer.
2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic linear cystalline polyolefin is selected from homopolymers of propylene, copolymers of propylene, high density homopolymers of ethylene and high density copolymers of ethylene.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein the thermoplastic linear crystalline polyolefin has a melt flow index of at least 0.25 when measured according to the test conditions specified in ASTM D 1238-65T.
4. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the rubber content ofthe vulcanized rubber composition is less than 40% by volume.
5. A method according to any preceding claim wherein the rubber content of the vulcanized rubber composition sat least 5% byvolume.
6. A method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4
wherein the rubber content of the vulcanized rubber
composition is from Sto 35% by volume.
7. A method according to any preceding claim
wherein the EPDM and/or EPM rubber in the vulca
nized rubber composition is in combination with at
least one other rubber so that the total volume of
EPDM and EPM is more than 50% ofthetotal rubber
content.
8. A method according to any preceding claim
wherein the thermoplastic elastomeric blend is ex
truded into contact with the vulcanized rubber
composition.
9. A method according to any preceding claim
wherein the vulcanized EPDM or EPM rubbercom- positions in non-particulate form.
10. A method according to any preceding claim
wherein the linear crystalline polyolefin in the ther
moplastic elastomeric blend is a low pressure solu
tion polymerized olefin.
11. Amethod according to Claim 1 substantially
as herein described.
12. A method according to Claim 1 substantially
as described in any one ofthe Examples.
13. A bonded composite made bythe method
according to any preceding claim.
14. A bonded thermoplastic elastomeric blend/
vulcanized EPDM or EPM rubber composite com- prises:
(i) athermoplasticelastomerwhich has vulcanized
EPDM particles not more than 50 microns in size
dispersed in a thermo-plastic linear crystalline
polyolefin continuous phase,
bonded without an adhesive interlayer to
I (ii) avulcanizedEPDMorEPMrubbercontaining lessthan 50% byvolume of rubber.
15. A bonded composite according to Claim 14
having the feature defined in any one of Claims 2,3,4, 5,6,7,9Or10.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08327867A GB2128899B (en) | 1982-10-27 | 1983-10-18 | Bonded composites |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8230704 | 1982-10-27 | ||
| GB08327867A GB2128899B (en) | 1982-10-27 | 1983-10-18 | Bonded composites |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8327867D0 GB8327867D0 (en) | 1983-11-16 |
| GB2128899A true GB2128899A (en) | 1984-05-10 |
| GB2128899B GB2128899B (en) | 1985-11-20 |
Family
ID=26284238
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08327867A Expired GB2128899B (en) | 1982-10-27 | 1983-10-18 | Bonded composites |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2128899B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3519064A1 (en) * | 1985-05-28 | 1986-12-04 | Avery International Corp., Wilmington, Del. | MULTILAYER, SELF-ADHESIVE AND DRAWN PROTECTIVE FILM, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
| US4784885A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-11-15 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Peelable film laminate |
| EP0472268A3 (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1992-09-02 | Gencorp Inc. | Forming abrasion-resistant coatings on elastomeric substrates |
| DE4219344A1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1992-12-17 | Toyoda Gosei Kk | Long moulded articles used as side trims for motor vehicles - have outer skin of thermoplastic elastomer and core of ethylene@]-alpha olefin] copolymer or styrene]-based elastomer in polypropylene@ matrix |
| US5183613A (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1993-02-02 | Gencorp Inc. | Process for the preparation of solventless, low friction, abrasion-resistant coatings for elastomeric substrates |
| BE1006364A3 (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1994-08-02 | Euroventures Limited | Soft composite material and inflatable component produced with said material |
| US5571581A (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1996-11-05 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Long sandwich molded article |
| EP1533344A4 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2008-07-30 | Daicel Degussa Ltd | Composite dispersion and process for producing the same |
| US7985804B2 (en) | 2006-11-06 | 2011-07-26 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Rubber toughened compositions, articles, films, and methods of making the same |
-
1983
- 1983-10-18 GB GB08327867A patent/GB2128899B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3519064A1 (en) * | 1985-05-28 | 1986-12-04 | Avery International Corp., Wilmington, Del. | MULTILAYER, SELF-ADHESIVE AND DRAWN PROTECTIVE FILM, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
| US4784885A (en) * | 1986-08-29 | 1988-11-15 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Peelable film laminate |
| EP0472268A3 (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1992-09-02 | Gencorp Inc. | Forming abrasion-resistant coatings on elastomeric substrates |
| US5183613A (en) * | 1990-08-22 | 1993-02-02 | Gencorp Inc. | Process for the preparation of solventless, low friction, abrasion-resistant coatings for elastomeric substrates |
| DE4219344A1 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1992-12-17 | Toyoda Gosei Kk | Long moulded articles used as side trims for motor vehicles - have outer skin of thermoplastic elastomer and core of ethylene@]-alpha olefin] copolymer or styrene]-based elastomer in polypropylene@ matrix |
| US5571581A (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1996-11-05 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Long sandwich molded article |
| DE4219344C2 (en) * | 1991-06-14 | 1997-05-07 | Toyoda Gosei Kk | Long sandwich molding |
| BE1006364A3 (en) * | 1992-11-17 | 1994-08-02 | Euroventures Limited | Soft composite material and inflatable component produced with said material |
| EP1533344A4 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2008-07-30 | Daicel Degussa Ltd | Composite dispersion and process for producing the same |
| US7553912B2 (en) | 2002-07-12 | 2009-06-30 | Daicel-Evonik Ltd. | Composite dispersion and process for producing the same |
| US7985804B2 (en) | 2006-11-06 | 2011-07-26 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Rubber toughened compositions, articles, films, and methods of making the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8327867D0 (en) | 1983-11-16 |
| GB2128899B (en) | 1985-11-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |