GB2126971A - Feeding solid fuel to a furnace - Google Patents
Feeding solid fuel to a furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2126971A GB2126971A GB08225964A GB8225964A GB2126971A GB 2126971 A GB2126971 A GB 2126971A GB 08225964 A GB08225964 A GB 08225964A GB 8225964 A GB8225964 A GB 8225964A GB 2126971 A GB2126971 A GB 2126971A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- container
- furnace
- containers
- source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
- F23K1/04—Heating fuel prior to delivery to combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/16—Over-feed arrangements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
A boiler (10) is provided with an apparatus for feeding solid fuel to the furnace (12). The apparatus has two containers (20, 21) each having respective fuel outlets connected to the furnace via respective valves V1 and V2 and a common screw conveyor 16. The containers also have respective inlets which are connected to a source (29) of fuel. The outlets of the containers are opened and closed alternately and simultaneously the respective containers are disconnected from and connected to a source of suction. Fuel is discharged to the furnace from the container having the open outlet while fuel is supplied to the container having the closed outlet. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Feeding solid fuel to a furnace
Description of the invention
This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for feeding a solid fuel to a furnace, and to a furnace and a boiler embodying such apparatus.
An object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus which satisfactorily feeds solid fuel to a furnace even when the fuel is wet.
Other objects are to provide a furnace and boiler embodying such apparatus.
According to one aspect of the invention, we provide an apparatus for feeding a solid fuel to a furnace, the apparatus comprising first and second containers for fuel, each having a closable outlet connectable to the furnace and an inlet connectable to a source of fuel, means alternately to connect a source of suction to, and to close the outlet of, one hopper and to disconnect a source of suction from and to open the outlet of, the other hopper whereby, in use, fuel is drawn into said one hopper and discharged from said other hopper and thereafter fuel is discharged from the one hopper and drawn into the other hopper and thereafter the sequence repeated.
Each outlet may be connected to a conduit, extending upwardly through the top of the furnace, above the lower end of the conduit.
Each outlet may be connected to a common conveyor and the conveyor may be connected to said conduit.
Each outlet may be provided with a valve to open and close the outlet.
Each container may be connected to a common source of suction, there being valve
means alternately to connect and disconnect the containers to and from the source of suction.
Each container may have a separate inlet and the inlets may extend to a common source of fuel.
The apparatus may include means to heat the fuel prior to entry into the containers.
The means to heat the fuel may comprise a means to feed hot gas, such as hot air or products of combustion, into heat exchange relationship with the fuel whilst fuel is passing between the source of fuel and the containers.
The hot gas may be fed into the source of fuel to percolate through the particles therein and may provide a positive pressure within the source to facilitate flow of fuel from the source into the container under suction.
The hot gases may be arranged to pass in heat exchange relationship with the ducts extending from the source to the containers prior to entry into the container.
According to a second aspect of the invention, we provide a furnace provided with an apparatus for feeding solid fuel thereto according to the first aspect of the invention.
According to a third aspect of the invention, we provide a boiler having a furnace according to the second aspect of the invention.
The boiler may be a shell boiler in which the steam/water space of the boiler is contained within an envelope which comprises a continuous shell through which pass one or more sets of combustion or fire tubes for passage of products of combustion from the furnace, and a conduit may pass down through the steam and/or water spaces of the shell to feed fuel to a grate in the furnace which is totally enclosed within the overall dimensions of the boiler shell, said apparatus feeding fuel to said conduit above the upper end thereof.
The shell may be cylindrical and horizontal.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described, with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a diagrammatic side elevation of a boiler embodying the invention.
Referring now to the drawing, a shell boiler is indicated generally at 10 and comprises a cylindrical shell 11 disposed with its longitudinal axis horizontal. Within the shell are disposed fire/combustion tubes (not shown) which extend from a furnace 1 2 to an exit flue (not shown) in conventional manner. Extending upwardly from the top of the furnace 12 through the water/stream space 13 of the boiler is a cylindrical conduit 14. The conduit 14 is connected to an outlet 1 5 of an archimedes screw conveyor 16 driven by an electric motor M. The screw conveyor 16 has two inlets 1 7, 18 which are connected through valves V1, V2 to two sections of a fuel hopper 19, the sections providing separate containers 20, 21.At their upper ends, the containers 20, 21 are connected by pipes 22 and 23 respectively via valves V3, V4 to a pipe 24 which extends to a suction creating fan 25 via a filter 26.
The containers 20,21 are also connected at their upper ends by pipes 27, 28, respectively having suction nozzles, to a source of fuel which is contained in a bunker 29. Within the bunker and for a short distance above the top of the bunker, the pipes 27, 28 are surrounded by ducts 30 which extend from a manifold 31 connected to a combustion chamber 32 having a gas or oil burner 33 and to which air is admitted via control valve 34.
In use, the valve V, is opened so that fuel, such as coal, leaves the container 20 through the valve V, and enters the archimedes screw 1 6 through the inlet 18 and is fed thereby into the furnace. Simultaneously the pipe 22 is closed by the valve V3 and the suction nozzle at the end of the pipe 27 is inoperative so that the positive pressure in the furnace chamber is not communicated to the fan 25 and any such pressure which is communicated via the pipe 27 to the bunker 29 serves only to increase the pressure of air therein which facilitates the withdrawing of fuel along the pipe 28 which is caused by virtue of the valve V2 being closed and the valve V4 being opened so that the container 21 is connected in communication with the fan 25.
Coal is withdrawn from the bunker 29 along the pipe 28 until the level of coal in the container
19 reaches a predetermined level L2 where a detector senses the level of the coal and causes the fan 25 to be switched off.
Simultaneously, coal in the container 20 is continued to be fed to the furnace until the level falls to the level L, where a detector detects the level of the coal and causes the valve V1 to be closed and opens valve V2, closes valve V4 and opens valve V3 and causes the fan 25 to be switched on. This causes coal to be withdrawn from the bunker 29 along the pipe 27 and coal to be fed via the valve V2 and inlet 17 to the furnace from the container 21.
This continues until the level of the fuel in the container 20, reaches the level L1, where again the fan 25 is switched off and fuel is fed from the container 21 until it reaches the level L2 whereupon the valve V2 is closed, the valve V, opened, the valve V4 closed, and the valve V3 opened and the fan 25 switched on.
This sequence is then repeated so that fuel is alternately fed into and out of the containers 20 and 21.
The burner 33 is switched on/off simultaneously with the fan 25 so that the products of combustion, which are controlled by the valve 34, pass via the manifold 31 and the ducts 30 into the bunker 29 to heat and thus to dry the fuel in the bunker, and as it leaves the bunker, and also to create a positive pressure in the bunker to facilitate withdrawal.
The valves V1-V4 and control switch means of the fan 25 and burner 33 are connected to a control means which arranges that if both containers 20 or 21 are empty at the same time, priority is given for filling a predetermined one of the containers and likewise if both containers are full at the same time, priority is given to emptying one of the containers.
The control means further includes means to sense the gas temperature created at the suction nozzles by the burner 33 so that the burner 33 can be turned off if the temperature reaches a predetermined maximum value.
Although in the example illustrated, the container has been described as a hopper divided into two sections, if desired the containers may be provided by two completely separate components. Furthermore, if desired more than two sections may be provided with appropriate pipework and valves and controls therefor.
Instead of the containers discharging fuel to the furnace via an archimedes screw, they may discharge to the furnace by other means, for example, if disposed appropriately they may discharge directly into the conduit 14 under gravity.
Further, if desired, instead of a common archimedes screw, two separate archimedes screws may be provided, ne for each container, and the valve means may be provided downstream of the archimedes screw instead of
upstream, or in any other desired position.
Further, instead of feeding products of combustion to heat the fuel in and as it leaves the bunker 29 by means of the burner 33, if desired hot air may be fed, and the air may be obtained using a direct electric heater or in other ways.
Where hot products of combustion are fed to the bunker 29, instead of being obtained from the boiler 33 they may be tapped off from the boiler 11 at a convenient point, or obtained in any other way.
Claims (Filed on 26 Aug 1983)
1. An apparatus for feeding solid fuel to a furnace, the apparatus comprising first and second containers for fuel, each having a closeable outlet connectable to the furnace and an inlet connectable to a source of fuel, respective means for sensing upper and lower levels of fuel content in each of said containers and for causing fuel to be fed into said first container until the fuel content therein reaches said upper level, means for causing fuel to be fed from the second container to said furnace until the fuel content therein has fallen to said lower level and means for then causing fuel to be fed from said source to said second container until the fuel content therein reaches said upper level whilst causing fuel to be fed from said first container to said furnace.
2. An apparatus according to Claim 1 comprising first and second containers for fuel, each having a closable outlet connectable to the furnace and an inlet connectable to a source of fuel, mrans alternately to connect a source of suction to, and to close the outlet of, one container and to disconnect a source of suction from and to open the outlet of, the other container whereby, in use, fuel is drawn into said one container while fuel is discharged from said other container and there-after fuel is discharged from the one container while fuel is drawn into the other container and thereafter the sequence repeated.
3. An apparatus according to Claim 2 wherein each said outlet is connectabie to the furnace directly, by a respective conduit.
4. An apparatus according to Claim 2 wherein each said outlet is connectable to the furnace by a common conveyor.
5. An apparatus according to Claim 2 wherein each said outlet is connectable to the furnace by a respective conveyor.
6. An apparatus according to Claim 4 or Claim 5 wherein said conveyor is an Archimedes screw.
7. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 2 to 6 wherein each container is connectable to a common source of suction, and respective valve means are provided to alternately connect and disconnect each container to and from the source of suction.
8. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 2 to 6 wherein each container has a respective inlet connectable to a common source of fuel.
9. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 8 wherein said containers constitute respective compartments of a common hopper.
10. An apparatus according to any one of
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (14)
- **WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **.19 reaches a predetermined level L2 where a detector senses the level of the coal and causes the fan 25 to be switched off.Simultaneously, coal in the container 20 is continued to be fed to the furnace until the level falls to the level L, where a detector detects the level of the coal and causes the valve V1 to be closed and opens valve V2, closes valve V4 and opens valve V3 and causes the fan 25 to be switched on. This causes coal to be withdrawn from the bunker 29 along the pipe 27 and coal to be fed via the valve V2 and inlet 17 to the furnace from the container 21.This continues until the level of the fuel in the container 20, reaches the level L1, where again the fan 25 is switched off and fuel is fed from the container 21 until it reaches the level L2 whereupon the valve V2 is closed, the valve V, opened, the valve V4 closed, and the valve V3 opened and the fan 25 switched on.This sequence is then repeated so that fuel is alternately fed into and out of the containers 20 and 21.The burner 33 is switched on/off simultaneously with the fan 25 so that the products of combustion, which are controlled by the valve 34, pass via the manifold 31 and the ducts 30 into the bunker 29 to heat and thus to dry the fuel in the bunker, and as it leaves the bunker, and also to create a positive pressure in the bunker to facilitate withdrawal.The valves V1-V4 and control switch means of the fan 25 and burner 33 are connected to a control means which arranges that if both containers 20 or 21 are empty at the same time, priority is given for filling a predetermined one of the containers and likewise if both containers are full at the same time, priority is given to emptying one of the containers.The control means further includes means to sense the gas temperature created at the suction nozzles by the burner 33 so that the burner 33 can be turned off if the temperature reaches a predetermined maximum value.Although in the example illustrated, the container has been described as a hopper divided into two sections, if desired the containers may be provided by two completely separate components. Furthermore, if desired more than two sections may be provided with appropriate pipework and valves and controls therefor.Instead of the containers discharging fuel to the furnace via an archimedes screw, they may discharge to the furnace by other means, for example, if disposed appropriately they may discharge directly into the conduit 14 under gravity.Further, if desired, instead of a common archimedes screw, two separate archimedes screws may be provided, ne for each container, and the valve means may be provided downstream of the archimedes screw instead of upstream, or in any other desired position.Further, instead of feeding products of combustion to heat the fuel in and as it leaves the bunker 29 by means of the burner 33, if desired hot air may be fed, and the air may be obtained using a direct electric heater or in other ways.Where hot products of combustion are fed to the bunker 29, instead of being obtained from the boiler 33 they may be tapped off from the boiler 11 at a convenient point, or obtained in any other way.Claims (Filed on 26 Aug 1983) 1. An apparatus for feeding solid fuel to a furnace, the apparatus comprising first and second containers for fuel, each having a closeable outlet connectable to the furnace and an inlet connectable to a source of fuel, respective means for sensing upper and lower levels of fuel content in each of said containers and for causing fuel to be fed into said first container until the fuel content therein reaches said upper level, means for causing fuel to be fed from the second container to said furnace until the fuel content therein has fallen to said lower level and means for then causing fuel to be fed from said source to said second container until the fuel content therein reaches said upper level whilst causing fuel to be fed from said first container to said furnace.
- 2. An apparatus according to Claim 1 comprising first and second containers for fuel, each having a closable outlet connectable to the furnace and an inlet connectable to a source of fuel, mrans alternately to connect a source of suction to, and to close the outlet of, one container and to disconnect a source of suction from and to open the outlet of, the other container whereby, in use, fuel is drawn into said one container while fuel is discharged from said other container and there-after fuel is discharged from the one container while fuel is drawn into the other container and thereafter the sequence repeated.
- 3. An apparatus according to Claim 2 wherein each said outlet is connectabie to the furnace directly, by a respective conduit.
- 4. An apparatus according to Claim 2 wherein each said outlet is connectable to the furnace by a common conveyor.
- 5. An apparatus according to Claim 2 wherein each said outlet is connectable to the furnace by a respective conveyor.
- 6. An apparatus according to Claim 4 or Claim 5 wherein said conveyor is an Archimedes screw.
- 7. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 2 to 6 wherein each container is connectable to a common source of suction, and respective valve means are provided to alternately connect and disconnect each container to and from the source of suction.
- 8. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 2 to 6 wherein each container has a respective inlet connectable to a common source of fuel.
- 9. An apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 8 wherein said containers constitute respective compartments of a common hopper.
- 10. An apparatus according to any one ofClaims 1 to .9 inciuding means to heat fuel prior to entry into a container.
- 11. An apparatus according to Claim 10 wherein said fuel heating means comprises means for feeding hot gas, into heat exchange relationship with the fuel as it passes between the source of fuel and a container.
- 12. An apparatus according to Claim 10 wherein the fuel heating means is arranged so that hot gas is fed into the source of fuel to percolate through particles of fuel and so provide positive pressure within the source of fuel to assist flow of fuel from the source into the container under suction.1 3. An apparatus according to Claim 10 wherein the fuel heating means is arranged so that hot gas passes, in heat exchange relationship with ducts used to convey fuel from the source to the containers.1 4. A furnace provided with an apparatus for feeding solid fuel thereto according to any one of Claims 1 to
- 13.1 5. A boiler having a furnace according to Claim
- 14.1 6. An apparatus substantially as hereinbefore described by reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08225964A GB2126971A (en) | 1982-09-11 | 1982-09-11 | Feeding solid fuel to a furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08225964A GB2126971A (en) | 1982-09-11 | 1982-09-11 | Feeding solid fuel to a furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2126971A true GB2126971A (en) | 1984-04-04 |
Family
ID=10532851
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08225964A Withdrawn GB2126971A (en) | 1982-09-11 | 1982-09-11 | Feeding solid fuel to a furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2126971A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0164429A1 (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1985-12-18 | Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet | Boiler combined with a coal dryer and with a dust separating device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB229682A (en) * | 1923-07-03 | 1925-07-30 | Commentry Fourchambault Et Dec | Apparatus for projection of powdered fuel in the nozzles of blast furnaces |
| GB650537A (en) * | 1946-08-17 | 1951-02-28 | Bituminous Coal Research | Improvements in or relating to coal-fired engines |
| GB760548A (en) * | 1954-10-08 | 1956-10-31 | Simon Ltd Henry | Improvements relating to pneumatic conveying systems |
| GB1400808A (en) * | 1972-12-21 | 1975-07-23 | Mucon Eng Co Ltd | Vacuum conveying systems |
| GB1579049A (en) * | 1977-02-17 | 1980-11-12 | Creusot Loire | Feeding and discharging particulate material |
| EP0027909A1 (en) * | 1979-10-26 | 1981-05-06 | Krupp Polysius Ag | Installation for conveying fine-grained material |
-
1982
- 1982-09-11 GB GB08225964A patent/GB2126971A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB229682A (en) * | 1923-07-03 | 1925-07-30 | Commentry Fourchambault Et Dec | Apparatus for projection of powdered fuel in the nozzles of blast furnaces |
| GB650537A (en) * | 1946-08-17 | 1951-02-28 | Bituminous Coal Research | Improvements in or relating to coal-fired engines |
| GB760548A (en) * | 1954-10-08 | 1956-10-31 | Simon Ltd Henry | Improvements relating to pneumatic conveying systems |
| GB1400808A (en) * | 1972-12-21 | 1975-07-23 | Mucon Eng Co Ltd | Vacuum conveying systems |
| GB1579049A (en) * | 1977-02-17 | 1980-11-12 | Creusot Loire | Feeding and discharging particulate material |
| EP0027909A1 (en) * | 1979-10-26 | 1981-05-06 | Krupp Polysius Ag | Installation for conveying fine-grained material |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0164429A1 (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1985-12-18 | Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet | Boiler combined with a coal dryer and with a dust separating device |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |