GB2108199A - Turbo super chargers - Google Patents
Turbo super chargers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2108199A GB2108199A GB08227562A GB8227562A GB2108199A GB 2108199 A GB2108199 A GB 2108199A GB 08227562 A GB08227562 A GB 08227562A GB 8227562 A GB8227562 A GB 8227562A GB 2108199 A GB2108199 A GB 2108199A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- turbine
- compressor
- engine
- inlet
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
- F02B37/164—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air the bypassed air being used in an auxiliary apparatus, e.g. in an air turbine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
A turbo super charger for an internal combustion engine has a main turbine 10 which is driven by the exhaust gases of an engine 12 and a compressor 14 driven by the main turbine for pressurizing the air delivered to the engine. A further turbine 18 having an inlet connected to the outlet of the compressor by way of a valve 20 is provided and the valve 20 is opened to limit the output pressure of the compressor. The further turbine may be coupled to the compressor or it may be coupled to an engine auxiliary. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Turbo super chargers
This invention relates to a turbo super charger for an internal combustion engine and of the kind comprising a turbine arranged in use to be driven by the exhaust gases of an associted engine and a compressor driven by the turbine, the compressor in use being connected to the inlet manifold of the engine to pressurise the fluide therein.
The turbo super charger is designed in conjunction with the engine to provide as high a pressure as possible in the inlet manifold of the associated engine at low engine speeds and loads so that as much benefit as possible is derived from the turbo super charger. This leads to excessive pressurisation at high engine speeds and loads. In order to minimise the risk of damage to the engine it is known to provide various types of valve which can be operated to control the degree of pressurisation. Various types of valve are known for example, valves in the form of throttles at the inlet or outlet of the compressor, by-pass valves between the inlet and outlet of the compressor, throttle valves at the turbine outlet and a wastegate interposed before the inlet of the turbine.All these known devices suffer the disadvantage that they effect considerable throttling and/or energy loss which is reflected in a higher engine fuel consumption.
The object of the present invention is to provide a turbo super charger of the kind specified in a form in which the pressure at the outlet of the compressor can be controlled with the minimum loss of energy.
According to the invention a turbo super charger of the kind specified comprises an additional turbine, a conduit connecting the inlet of said turbine to the outlet of the compressor, a valve for controlling fluid flow through said conduit, said turbine being mechanically coupled to the first mentioned turbine and compressor or to a rotary part associated with the engine.
An example of a turbo super charger in accordance with the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows a diagrammatic representation of the turbo super charger and engine installation and
Figures 2, 3 and 4 are graphs showing various operating parameters.
With reference to Fig. 1 of the drawings the turbo super charger includes a radial flow turbine 10 which is housed within a casing having an inlet connected to the exhaust manifold 11 of the engine 12, the latter being of the compression ignition type. The turbine casing has an outlet 1 3 for connection to the exhaust system of the engine.
Also provided is a main compressor 1 4 which is located within a casing having an inlet 1 5 and an outlet which is connected to the air inlet manifold 1 6 of the engine. The compressor is of the radial flow type and is coupled by means of a shaft 1 7 to the turbine. As described the turbo super charger is of the conventional type fitted to a compression ignition engine and as the load on the engine and its speed increases, the exhaust gases leaving the engine drive the turbine to pressurise the air supplied to the inlet manifold thereby to increase the power delivered by the engine.
In order to control the pressure of air in the inlet manifold of the engine and in accordance with the invention, a further turbine 1 8 is provided and this is mounted on the shaft 1 7 and it has an inlet which is connected to a conduit 1 9 the other end of which is connected to the outlet of the compressor 1 4.
Located in the conduit is valve 20 which can be operated to control the flow of air through the conduit into the turbine 1 8. The outlet of the turbine 1 8 is connected by means of a further conduit 21 to the inlet of the compressor. If desired the conduit 21 may be connected to a diffuser ring indicated at 22 and which has a plurality of outlets.
Fig. 2 shows the variation in the output pressure of the compressor 14 with engine speed (N) and it indicates in full line, the output pressure of the compressor when the turbine 1 8 is not provided. It will be seen that the pressure increases with the speed and in engines which require some form of pressure control, a valve as earlier described would be provided. Fig. 2 shows in broken line, the pressure control which can be obtained by openng the valve 20 to allow air from the outlet of the compressor to drive the turbine 1 8 on its way back to the inlet of the compressor.
Fig. 3 shows the variation in pressure at the inlet of the turbine 10 with engine speed for both the conventional system (the upper curve) and the system in accordance with the invention (the middle curve). Also shown in
Fig. 3 (the lower curve) is the outlet pressure of the compressor which is required. It will be observed that the pressure at the exhaust inlet with the conventional form of turbo super charger increases with speed to a greater extent than it does when the additional turbine is provided. The hatched area between the exhuast pressure curves represents the energy saving. Fig. 4 shows the specific fuel consumption of the engine installation and again the hatched area represents the saving in energy which is obtained with the by-pass system described.
As described the turbine 1 8 is coupled to the shaft 1 7 which connects the turbine 10 and the compressor 1 4. The turbine may however by connected to a rotary part of the engine so that the energy recovered from the air which is taken from the outlet of the compressor is directed into the engine itself or to an engine auxiliary such as a generator.
The construction as described requies very little modification to the conventional form of turbo super charger and the additional turbine can be located on the opposite side of the back plate of the compressor. The form of control which is described enables the turbine and compressor to be smaller than would normally be the case. This results in a saving of weight and in particular a reduction in the inertia of the rotary components. This enables the turbo super charger to respond much more quickly during acceleration of the engine. In many turbo super charger installations it is necessary to provide an intercooler to cool the air supplied to the inlet manifold from the outlet of the compressor. With the arrangement proposed the need to provide an intercooler is reduced and the control of the air pressure supplied to the engine is achieved without the use of a waste gate.
It is of course possible to apply the turbo super charger as described to a gasolene engine or gas engine which may be provided with the conventional form of carburettor or with a fuel injection system.
Claims (4)
1. A turbo super charger for an internal combustion engine of the kind comprising a turbine arranged in use to be driven by the exhaust gases of an associated engine and a compressor driven by the turbine, the compressor in use being connected to the inlet manifold of the engine to pressurize the fluid therein, an additional turbine, a conduit connecting the inlet of said turbine to the outlet of the compressor, a valve for controlling fluid flow through said conduit, said turbine being mechanically coupled to the first mentioned turbine and compressor or to a rotary part associated with the engine.
2. A turbo super charger according to claim 1, in which the outlet of said additional turbine is connected to the inlet of the compressor.
3. A turbo super charger according to claim 2 including a diffuser ring through which the air leaving the outlet of said additional turbine flows to the inlet of the compressor.
4. A turbo super charger for an internal combustion engine comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08227562A GB2108199A (en) | 1981-10-27 | 1982-09-28 | Turbo super chargers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8132285 | 1981-10-27 | ||
| GB08227562A GB2108199A (en) | 1981-10-27 | 1982-09-28 | Turbo super chargers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2108199A true GB2108199A (en) | 1983-05-11 |
Family
ID=26281082
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08227562A Withdrawn GB2108199A (en) | 1981-10-27 | 1982-09-28 | Turbo super chargers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2108199A (en) |
-
1982
- 1982-09-28 GB GB08227562A patent/GB2108199A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |