GB2176179A - Porous ceramic body formed by extrusion process - Google Patents
Porous ceramic body formed by extrusion process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2176179A GB2176179A GB08514267A GB8514267A GB2176179A GB 2176179 A GB2176179 A GB 2176179A GB 08514267 A GB08514267 A GB 08514267A GB 8514267 A GB8514267 A GB 8514267A GB 2176179 A GB2176179 A GB 2176179A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- porous ceramic
- ceramic body
- filamentary
- porous
- convolutions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/30—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon
- B28B1/40—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by applying the material on to a core or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon by wrapping, e.g. winding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/50—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
- C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A porous ceramic body is composed of filamentary ceramic material, formed by extrusion, and regularly or randomly layed into convolutions closely spaced, mutually contacting and bonded together at their contact points to constitute a self-supporting body having a stereo-reticulated porous structure. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Porous ceramic material
This invention relates to porous ceramic material which can be used in place of so-called ceramic foam for such purposes as filters for molten metal and catalyst supports in high temperature conditions.
It has previously been proposed to provide a ceramic structure, suitable for use as a liquid metal filter, consisting of plane layers of parallel ceramic extrusions, which are extruded in separate layers, superimposed and extending at 90" to the extrusion in successive layers.
The present invention also employs extruded ceramic material but enables any required shape of a porous body to be produced without the limitations imposed by a structure of superimposed plane layers of extrusions at right angles.
The basic concept of the invention is that a self-supporting body can be built up by laying extruded filamentary ceramic material in convolutions which are closely spaced between mutually contacting points.
More particularly, the invention provides a porous ceramic body composed of filamentary ceramic material regularly or randomly lying in closely spaced and mutually contacting convolutions bonded together attheir contact points and constituting a self-supporting body having a stereo-reticulated porous structure.
The invention also provides a method of making a porous ceramic body by extruding in filamentary form a plastic preparation of ceramic material and randomly or regularly laying the filamentary extrudate into closely spaced and mutually contacting convolutions constituting a self-supporting body having a stereo-reticulated porous structure, drying and firing the body.
In one method of carrying outthe invention, to form a body by random laying of extruded filamentary material, there is provided a hollow receiver, for extrudate, the receiver having an internal shape which is an envelope of the shape of the required body. For example, for a right cylindrical body the receiver is an open-ended cylindrical drum. Similar drum with a central core or an inner peripheral wall, leaving an annular space, may be used as a receiver for making an annular cylindrical body with an annular wall of substantial, self-supporting, thickness. After forming, the body should be removed from the receiver and supported by a paper or other easily deformable mount which permits shrinkage on drying. Alternatively a rigid receiver may have a deformable foam or like core.
The extrudate, as a single extruded filament or multiple filaments, is directed into the mouth of the receiver which is moved relatively to iaythe extrudate in random convolutions progressively to fill the receiverwhich serves as a mould forthe shape of the body required. After extrusion, the receiver content may be stabilized in form by moderate jolting of the receiver or light pressure applied to the accessible surface ofthefilament composing the body. This improves definition of the surface.
After initial setting in the receiver, and drying with or without heating in or out ofthe receiver, the built-up filamentary material body is fired.
Relative movement may be effected by movement of either the receiver and/orthe extruding head.
The shape, size and number offilaments extruded can be selected to give a required porosity ofthe stereo-reticulated structure. The ceramic material will be selected to suit requirements.
In another method of carrying outthe invention, filamentary extrudate is regualrly laid into convolutions by coil-winding of a single or multiple extruded filament in helical convolutions on to a spindle, bobbin or spool.
Known textile thread, wire orstring coil-winding methods and apparatus may be used for this purpose.
The invention is illustrated by way of example on the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure lisa perspective illustration of extruding a filament into random convolutions in a receiver,
Figures 2 and 3 are diagrammatic illustrations of coil-winding of an extruding filament.
Figures 4and 5are respectively a side elevation and an end viewofa cylindrical body made by the method illustrated by Figure 1, and
Figures 6 and 7 are respectively a side elevation and an end view of an annular body coil-wound by a method such as is illustrated by Figure 2.
As illustrated in Figure 1, an extruder 1 directs an extruded filament 2 down into a cylindrical receiver 3while either or both the extruder and receiver are moved relatively to one another in horizontal directions, as indicated by the arrows. The result is to build up in the receiver 3 a randomly convoluted filamentary accumulation 4 in which the convolutions intermittently contact and are spaced at close intervals. The extrudate is tacky enough forthe convolutions to interadhere attheir points of contact.
When the receiver 3 is full, the contents are stabilized by joggling or lightly compacted, allowed to set and dry, or are dried, until firm enough to be removed from the receiver as a self-supporting cylindrical body 5, as shown by Figures 4 and 6, which is fired after such further drying as may be required. As shown, the stereo-reticulated structure of the body 5 is irregular, without any discrete layer structure.
Figure 2 shows an extruder 1 from which a filament 2 is laid on to a former on a rotating spindle 6 in helical convolutions 7 resulting from lateral movement, as indicated by the arrow, of a thread guide 12 relatively along the spindle 6 to build up a tubular body or annulus 8. By appropriate dwell in the movement ofthe extruder at the ends of its transverse, end flanges 9 can be formed as portions of increased radial thickness at the ends of the body 8.
By making the former 10 offoam or other deformable material, on which the filament 2 is wound, allowance is made for shrinkage during drying. Figure 3 shows an alternative, part-spherical, shape of wound body 8 and a deformable,withdrawable,former 10.
After setting and drying, the body8 is removed from the spindle, with orwithoutthe former, and fired to produce a self-supporting wound filamentary annulus 8, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, in which thefilamentary material extends substantially helically in multiple convoluted layers.
Suitable materials for making a plastic ceramic preparation forfilamentary extrusion areforexample, alumina, cordierite and titania.
Examples of suitable preparations are; in parts by weight:- Composition l-suitable for the method of Figure 7.
A16Alumina 98
Talc 2
Glycerine 10
Plasticizer, in aqueous solution 17
Composition 11-Suitable forthe method of Figure2.
A16 98
Talc 2
Wax 5
Plasticizer, in aqueous solution 24
For both compositions, a suitable plasticizer is a 5% aqueous solution of M 450 Celacol (Trade Mark) which is a carboxy methyl cellulose. The wax is a parafin wax, Okerine wax, of low melting point, about 25"C. The plasticizer and wax serve also as binders.
The amount of water required to produce an extrudable paste is usually provided by the plasticizer.
The physical properties of the ceramic preparation should be:
A. Soft and plastic enough to extrude through a fine nozzle, e.g. 0.2-0.6 mm. Larger diameterfilaments may be used. This property can be controlled by adjustment of th e binder content.
B. The extruded filament should have sufficienttensile strength and cohesion,to retain itswaterduring extrusion and withstand laying or winding, whilst remaining soft and plastic enough, to conform to the former, and tacky so asto adhereto contacted filaments. These properties are controllable by the glycerine orwax content. Drying times should of course allowforthese requirements.
Claims (7)
1. A porous ceramic body composed offilamentaryceramic material regularly or randomly lying in closely spaced and mututally contacting convolutions a self-supporting body having a stereo-reticulated porous structure.
2. A porous ceramic body according to Claim 1, in which the filamentary material extends in convolutions multidirectionally so that the stereo-reticulated structure is irregular, without any discrete layer structure.
3. A porous ceramic body according to Claim 1, in which the filamentary material extends as a coil-wound structure.
4. A porous ceramic body according to Claim 3, in which the body is an annulus and the filamentary material extends substantially helically in multiple convoluted layers.
5. A porous ceramic body substantially as described with reference to Figures 4 and 5 or Figures 6 and 7 of the accompanying drawings.
6. A method of making a porous ceramic body by extruding in filamentary form a plastic preparation of ceramic material and randomly or regularly laying the filamentary extrudate into closely spaced and mutually contacting convolutions constituting a self-supporting body having a stereo-reticulated porous structure, drying and firing the body.
7. A method of making a porous ceramic body substantially as described with referenceto Figure 1 or
Figure 2 ofthe accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08514267A GB2176179A (en) | 1985-06-06 | 1985-06-06 | Porous ceramic body formed by extrusion process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08514267A GB2176179A (en) | 1985-06-06 | 1985-06-06 | Porous ceramic body formed by extrusion process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8514267D0 GB8514267D0 (en) | 1985-07-10 |
| GB2176179A true GB2176179A (en) | 1986-12-17 |
Family
ID=10580260
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08514267A Withdrawn GB2176179A (en) | 1985-06-06 | 1985-06-06 | Porous ceramic body formed by extrusion process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2176179A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991005973A1 (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1991-05-02 | Morgan Materials Technology Limited | Gas heater |
| US7486962B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2009-02-03 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Extruded porous substrate having inorganic bonds |
| US7640732B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2010-01-05 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for filtration of a two-stroke engine exhaust |
| US7781372B2 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2010-08-24 | GE02 Technologies, Inc. | Fiber-based ceramic substrate and method of fabricating the same |
| US7938877B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2011-05-10 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Low coefficient of thermal expansion materials including modified aluminosilicate fibers and methods of manufacture |
| US7938876B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2011-05-10 | GE02 Technologies, Inc. | Low coefficient of thermal expansion materials including nonstoichiometric cordierite fibers and methods of manufacture |
| CN101505847B (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2011-09-07 | 美商绩优图科技股份有限公司 | Extruded porous substrate with inorganic linkages |
| US8038759B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2011-10-18 | Geoz Technologies, Inc. | Fibrous cordierite materials |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB542588A (en) * | 1940-07-19 | 1942-01-16 | James Arthur William Nott | A brick for use in building barricades for protecting buildings, and method of forming same |
| GB2082960A (en) * | 1980-07-15 | 1982-03-17 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Porous mouldings |
-
1985
- 1985-06-06 GB GB08514267A patent/GB2176179A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB542588A (en) * | 1940-07-19 | 1942-01-16 | James Arthur William Nott | A brick for use in building barricades for protecting buildings, and method of forming same |
| GB2082960A (en) * | 1980-07-15 | 1982-03-17 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Porous mouldings |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1991005973A1 (en) * | 1989-10-19 | 1991-05-02 | Morgan Materials Technology Limited | Gas heater |
| US7486962B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2009-02-03 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Extruded porous substrate having inorganic bonds |
| US7578865B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2009-08-25 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Method of forming a porous substrate having inorganic bonds |
| US7640732B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2010-01-05 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for filtration of a two-stroke engine exhaust |
| US7862641B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2011-01-04 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Extruded porous substrate and products using the same |
| US7938877B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2011-05-10 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Low coefficient of thermal expansion materials including modified aluminosilicate fibers and methods of manufacture |
| US7938876B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2011-05-10 | GE02 Technologies, Inc. | Low coefficient of thermal expansion materials including nonstoichiometric cordierite fibers and methods of manufacture |
| US8038759B2 (en) | 2005-11-16 | 2011-10-18 | Geoz Technologies, Inc. | Fibrous cordierite materials |
| CN101505847B (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2011-09-07 | 美商绩优图科技股份有限公司 | Extruded porous substrate with inorganic linkages |
| US7781372B2 (en) | 2007-07-31 | 2010-08-24 | GE02 Technologies, Inc. | Fiber-based ceramic substrate and method of fabricating the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8514267D0 (en) | 1985-07-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |