GB2171419A - Facing cylinders and worms in plastics worm extruders to enhance resistance - Google Patents
Facing cylinders and worms in plastics worm extruders to enhance resistance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2171419A GB2171419A GB08601555A GB8601555A GB2171419A GB 2171419 A GB2171419 A GB 2171419A GB 08601555 A GB08601555 A GB 08601555A GB 8601555 A GB8601555 A GB 8601555A GB 2171419 A GB2171419 A GB 2171419A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- facing
- worm
- cylinder
- hardened
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/507—Screws characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/68—Barrels or cylinders
- B29C48/6801—Barrels or cylinders characterised by the material or their manufacturing process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/32—Carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
The wear resistance of plastics worm extruders having a cylinder and worm shaft consisting basically of steel with a prescribed toughness and hardness is enhanced by facing with TiN and/or TiC. Both the cylinder and the worm shaft are provided with the facing, at least in opposing areas, the contours being preserved on and between opposing areas within clearance tolerances of between 0.15 and 1% of the nominal diameter. The substrate prior to facing has a surface roughness of 2 to 4 mu m and a relative load- carrying area of between 40 and 80% at a depth of 0.25 mu m. The facing may consist of a primary facing of TiN and a secondary facing of TiC, the thickness of the primary facing being about one third of the total facing thickness. The facing may be applied by chemical vapour deposition or physical vapour deposition techniques.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Facing cylinders and worms in plastics worm extruders to enhance wear resistance
This invention relates to plastics worm extruders having cylinders and worm shafts consisting basically of steel, and is concerned with means for enhancing the wear resistance of such plastics worm extruders by facing with titanium nitride (TiN) and/or titanium carbide (TiC). Both the cylinders and the worms can consist of one or more sections.
The method of facing with TiN and/or TiC for enhanced wear resistance is known (Bild der
Wissenschaft, 1984, p. 28). It is chiefly applied to tool components such as deep-drawing punches and dies, cutting tools, milling cutters, punches or hard-metal toolbits and for injection moulds. It relies on the fact that it eliminates or very greatly reduces the incidence of phenomena which would otherwise damage the tools, such as edge build-up, cold welding, cold wear and cracking in the cutting edges of the tools. The facings are applied by chemical vapour deposition or physical vapour deposition.
The method of enhancing the wear resistance of tooling by facing with the aforementioned materials has also been proposed (as a practical measure) for application to the cylinders and the worm lands on worms for plastics worm extruders. In this connection, the facings have been applied either to the cylinders or to the worm lands in various areas where wear phenomena have been observed on the cylinders and worm lands respectively. The results have not been satisfactory. The durability of the work-and-cylinder unit and thus the useful life of the extruder as a whole has not been adequately extended by these means. Consequently, other means are adopted in practice for prolonging the life of the worms and cylinders in plastics worm extruders.More specifically, surface hardening means such as nitriding are adopted, or the cylidners are lined with sleeves made from special metals, more particularly hard metals. It is also known to adopt so-called bimetal cylinders, which are contrifugally lined with a suitable material.
The object of the invention is to improve substantially the durability of a plastics worm extruder, and hence the useful life of the entire machine.
According to the present invention, a method of enhancing the wear resistance of plastics worm extruders by the facing with TiN and/or TiC of a cylinder and a worm shaft consisting basically of steel with a surface layer hardness when ready for use of 40 to 70 HRC, in conformity width DIN 50103; is characterised in that both the cylinder and the worm shaft are provided with the facing, at least in opposing areas (or over their entire length), the contours are preserved on and between opposing faced areas within clearance tolerances of between 0.15 and 1% of the nominal diameter, and prior to facing the substrate has a surface roughness of 2 to 4 m and at a depth of 0.25 zm a relative load-carrying area, as defined in DIN 4765, of between 40 and 80%, preferably about 60%.The basic idea of the invention consists in that, within the scope of the means employed by the invention, both the cylinder and the worm, or at least the worm lands, are faced over opposing areas, more particularly areas where wear would occur in the absence of any facing. This does not exclude the facing of other areas, not necesarily opposing areas.
The cylinder and the worm shaft are preferably surface hardened, or are through hardened.
However, the two alternatives can be combined, using for example a worm shaft in the through hardened condition and a cylinder in the surface hardened condition-or vice versa. If surface hardening alone is adopted, the depth of hardening should be between 0.3 and 3 mm. The facing layer should have a thickness of 2 to 10 /zm, preferably about 6 m. It preferably consists of a primary facing of TiN and a secondary facing of TiC, the thickness of the primary facing being about one third of the total facing thickness. The facing can be applied with the aid of a chemical vapour deposition technique, using a through hardened substrate, which will subsequently require repeated through hardening.However, the facing can alternatively be applied with the aid of a physical vapour deposition technique, and in this case if a through hardened substrate is used it will not require repeated hardening after facing.
The accruing advantages are to be seen in that a surprising improvement is obtained in the durability and hence the useful life of the entire plastics worm extruder. Compared with otherwise identical combitations of materials, the durability or useful life is improved by more than 25% by providing the facing as such. The machine can continue to operate after the facing has worn off, because the through hardened basic components remain usable for a longer period.
The basic materials for worm shafts and cylinders can be the alloy steels already in common use. Particularly good results are obtained with the materials identified by the numbers in the following table: 1.2379~DIN 17 350 1.7225~DIN 1654/17200 1.7707~DIN 17220 1.2344~DIN 17350 1.8550~DIN 17211 1.8515~DIN 17211 1.7735~''Steels Key" (1983), p. 389,
Verlag Stahlschlussel Wegst
The cylinder can alternatively consist of a main body and an inserted liner; in this case, the various requirements relate to the liner.
Claims (8)
1. A method of enhancing the wear resistance of plastics worm extruders by the facing with
TiN and/or TiC of cylinders and worm shafts consisting basically of steel with a surface layer hardness when ready for use of 40 to 70 HRC, in conformity with DIN 50103, characterised in that both the cylinder and the worm shaft are provided with the facing, at least in opposing areas, the contours are preserved on and between opposing faced areas within clearance tolerances of between 0.15 and 1% of the nominal diameter, and prior to facing the substrate has a surface roughness of 2 to 4 em and at a depth of 0.25 #m a relative load-carrying area, as defined in DIN 4765, of between 40 and 80% preferably about 60%.
2. A method as in Claim 1, wherein the cylinder and the worm shaft are surface hardened.
3. A method as n Claim 1, wherein the cylinder and the worm shaft are through hardened.
4. A method as in any one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the facing layer thickness is between 2 and 10/cm, preferably about 6~cm.
5. A method as in any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the facing consists of a primary facing of TiN and a secondary facing of TiC, the thickness of the primary facing being about one third of the total facing thickness.
6. A method as in any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the facing is applied with the aid of a chemical vapour deposition technique on a through hardened substrate, and the substrate is subjected to repeated hardening.
7. A method as in any one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the facing is applied with the aid of a physical vapour deposition technique on a through hardened substrate.
8. A method as in any one of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the basic materials for the worm shafts and cylinders are the alloy steels identified by the numbers in the table.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853506668 DE3506668A1 (en) | 1985-02-26 | 1985-02-26 | WEAR-RESISTANT COATING ON THE CYLINDER AND ON THE SCREW OF A PLASTIC SCREW PRESS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8601555D0 GB8601555D0 (en) | 1986-02-26 |
| GB2171419A true GB2171419A (en) | 1986-08-28 |
| GB2171419B GB2171419B (en) | 1988-11-02 |
Family
ID=6263550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08601555A Expired GB2171419B (en) | 1985-02-26 | 1986-01-22 | Facing cylinders and worms in plastics worm extruders to enhance wear resistance |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CH (1) | CH669557A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3506668A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2171419B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1188336B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4949836A (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1990-08-21 | Krauss-Maffei A.G. | Screw with wear resistant surface |
| EP0386311A3 (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1991-04-03 | Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. | Method of producing corrosion-, heat- and wear-resistant member, and the member produced |
| GB2247693A (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1992-03-11 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh | Peeling tool process involving machining prior to coating |
| GB2261678A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-05-26 | Borgo Nova Spa | Die coating |
| WO1994023931A1 (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 1994-10-27 | Christopher Green | Mixing apparatus and method |
| WO2005123365A1 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-29 | The Timken Company | Worm gear assembly having improved physical properties and method of making same |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4429505C2 (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1997-09-11 | Formplast Reichel Gmbh & Co Kg | Wear resistance increasing coating of tools for the ceramic industry |
| IT201800009362A1 (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2020-04-11 | Gimac Di Maccagnan Giorgio | Screw for extruder and extruder device |
| DE102019101731A1 (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-07-30 | Troester Gmbh & Co. Kg | Extruder for polymer materials and use of a coating process for production |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1067416A (en) * | 1964-03-28 | 1967-05-03 | Otto Fahr | Improvements in and relating to screw extruder apparatus |
| GB1306185A (en) * | 1970-02-06 | 1973-02-07 | ||
| GB1572882A (en) * | 1977-04-28 | 1980-08-06 | Boggs R | Low alloy nickel-manganese steel cylinder having a centrifugally cast lining |
| EP0035010A1 (en) * | 1980-02-26 | 1981-09-02 | BRAAS & CO. GMBH | Apparatus for the manufacture of profiled plate-like moulded articles of concrete or the like, preferably roof tiles |
| GB2075068A (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1981-11-11 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Articles coated with hard materials |
| GB2123039A (en) * | 1982-03-23 | 1984-01-25 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Coatings for cutting implements |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3116170A1 (en) * | 1981-04-23 | 1982-11-04 | Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover | Twin-screw extruder barrel |
-
1985
- 1985-02-26 DE DE19853506668 patent/DE3506668A1/en active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-01-14 CH CH113/86A patent/CH669557A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-01-22 GB GB08601555A patent/GB2171419B/en not_active Expired
- 1986-02-06 IT IT19311/86A patent/IT1188336B/en active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1067416A (en) * | 1964-03-28 | 1967-05-03 | Otto Fahr | Improvements in and relating to screw extruder apparatus |
| GB1306185A (en) * | 1970-02-06 | 1973-02-07 | ||
| GB1572882A (en) * | 1977-04-28 | 1980-08-06 | Boggs R | Low alloy nickel-manganese steel cylinder having a centrifugally cast lining |
| EP0035010A1 (en) * | 1980-02-26 | 1981-09-02 | BRAAS & CO. GMBH | Apparatus for the manufacture of profiled plate-like moulded articles of concrete or the like, preferably roof tiles |
| GB2075068A (en) * | 1980-05-02 | 1981-11-11 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Articles coated with hard materials |
| GB2123039A (en) * | 1982-03-23 | 1984-01-25 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Coatings for cutting implements |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| WO A1 80/02817 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4949836A (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1990-08-21 | Krauss-Maffei A.G. | Screw with wear resistant surface |
| EP0386311A3 (en) * | 1989-03-06 | 1991-04-03 | Sanyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. | Method of producing corrosion-, heat- and wear-resistant member, and the member produced |
| GB2247693A (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1992-03-11 | Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh | Peeling tool process involving machining prior to coating |
| GB2261678A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1993-05-26 | Borgo Nova Spa | Die coating |
| US5318091A (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1994-06-07 | Borgo-Nova Spa | Die coating |
| GB2261678B (en) * | 1991-11-22 | 1995-03-22 | Borgo Nova Spa | Die coating |
| WO1994023931A1 (en) * | 1993-04-08 | 1994-10-27 | Christopher Green | Mixing apparatus and method |
| WO2005123365A1 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-29 | The Timken Company | Worm gear assembly having improved physical properties and method of making same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8619311A1 (en) | 1987-08-06 |
| DE3506668C2 (en) | 1987-12-10 |
| IT8619311A0 (en) | 1986-02-06 |
| CH669557A5 (en) | 1989-03-31 |
| IT1188336B (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| GB8601555D0 (en) | 1986-02-26 |
| GB2171419B (en) | 1988-11-02 |
| DE3506668A1 (en) | 1986-08-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |