GB2167002A - Manufacture of optical cables - Google Patents
Manufacture of optical cables Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2167002A GB2167002A GB08526105A GB8526105A GB2167002A GB 2167002 A GB2167002 A GB 2167002A GB 08526105 A GB08526105 A GB 08526105A GB 8526105 A GB8526105 A GB 8526105A GB 2167002 A GB2167002 A GB 2167002A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- manufacturing
- optical cable
- cable according
- delivery tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical group [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012254 powdered material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/44382—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising hydrogen absorbing materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
- B29C48/156—Coating two or more articles simultaneously
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
- B29C48/34—Cross-head annular extrusion nozzles, i.e. for simultaneously receiving moulding material and the preform to be coated
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4483—Injection or filling devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2011/00—Optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms
- B29L2011/0075—Light guides, optical cables
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
In order to feed water blocking or hydrogen absorbing powder into an integral optical cable of the type where one or more optical fibres (2) are loosely enclosed within at least one of a plurality of longitudinally extending closed channels (3) formed in an extrudate, the powder is fed into the narrow delivery tubes (10) which feed the fibres through the extruder and into the channels. The powder (13) is fed through the delivery tubes by an impelling means which may be either a vibrator (15), or a rotating hollow screw means which surrounds the fibre (2) within the tube (10). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Manufacture of optical cables
This invention relates to the manufacture of optical cables of the kind wherein one or more optical fibres are accommodated within at least one of a plurality of longitudinally extending closed channels formed in an extrudate.
Such cables are known from, for example our co-pending patent application No. 2123978A, in which a cable is disclosed in which the optical fibres are loosely accommodated within the channels, the fibres being introduced into the channels during the extrusion process.
It is known that the performance of optical fibres deteriorates in the presence of water and thus cables have been produced in which a water blocking medium is provided in the cable. It has also been proposed in co-pending patent application No.
8428102 to incorporate within an optical cable a hydrogen trapping medium, as the presence of free hydrogen has been found to increase transmission losses for certain wavelengths. The water blocking and hydrogen trapping media may take the form of powders, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing optical cables of the kind described above wherein a powder, which may comprise one or both of said media, is introduced into at least one of the channels, not necessarily one containing a fibre. However the invention may also be used for introducing other powdered material into such cables.
Accordingly, the invention provides a method of manufacturing optical cable comprising one or more optical fibres loosely accommodated within at least one of a plurality of longitudinally extending closed channels formed in an extrudate, wherein hot thermoplastic core material is continuously extruded from a die member with one or more interior channels extending parallel to but displaced from the axis of the core and at least one of the channels is fed with powder via a delivery tube having an opening upline of the die member into which a powder material is introduced, the powder being fed downline along the delivery tube and into said channel by cyclic means.
Preferably, the delivery tube also continuously conveys an optical fibre into said channel.
In one embodiment, the cyclic means consists of means for vibrating said delivery tube in a longitudinal direction, the delivery tube being free to move in this direction.
In a different embodiment, the cyclic means consists of a screw means rotating within said delivery tube and bonded to an inner tube in which the fibre is conveyed. The screw means may be a helically wound wire such as a spring.
The powder material can be either a water blocking powder or a hydrogen trapping powder or a mixture of both.
If a hydrogen trapping powder is used, this may consist of palladium coated on finely divided carbon such as charcoal. (See, for example, our copending UK Patent Application No. 8428102).
The invention will now be more fully described by way of example with reference to drawings in which Figure I shows in cross-sectional elevation the die means and the powder feeding means for manufacturing an optical cable according to the invention; and
Figure 2 illustrates schematically an alternative method of feeding powder using cyclic means.
Thus, as shown in Figure 1, an optical cable 1 consists of several optical fibres 2 loosely enclosed in channels 3 in a core 4 having a central strength member 5.
The core 4 is formed by extruding polypropylene from an extruder 6 composed of a conventional die component 7 and pierced point component 8. Molten polypropylene is forced through the gap 9 between the components 7 and 8 and is formed into a core 4 having several channels 3 extending longitudinally inside the core 4. At the same time, a central strength member 5 is drawn through a central hole in the component 8 and the core 4 is formed around this member 5.
The component 8 also loosely holds the ends of several flexible steel tubes 10 through which sheathed optical fibres 2 are positively fed into the channels 3 formed in the core 4,#the ends of the tubes from which the fibres emerge conveniently being spaced uniformly around the die axis.
These flexible steel tubes 10 extend rearwardly of the extruder 6 into a box 11 where they are secured side-by-side. For part of their length within the box 11, the uppermost parts of the tubes 10 have a portion of their wall removed to form an entrance 12 into the tubes whereby powder 13 fed from a hopper 14 can enter the tubes 10. The hopper 14 has a vibrator 15 attached to its side wall to keep the powder flowing smoothly.
The box 11, with the tubes 10 attached, is itself vibrated by a vibrator 16 attached thereto so as to cause the powder to be fed along the tubes 10 towards the extruder, the powder passing through the extruder 6 and into the channels 3 along with the optical fibres 2. The powder 13 may be finely divided carbon, such as charcoal, coated with palladium. The palladised carbon converts hydrogen to water by catalysing the reaction with any available oxygen, and, in order to prevent the resultant water reacting with other parts to generate more hydrogen, the palladised carbon is mixed with a water blocking powder such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
A different method of feeding the powder 13 along the tubes 10 is shown in Figure 2 where a further tube 17 carrying the fibre 2 is provided coaxially within the steel tube 10 and a wire 18 is helically wound between the tubes 10 and 17, and is bonded to the tube 17 whilst being free to move in tube 10. As the tube 17 and wire 18 are rotated, the powder is thus fed forward.
The inner tube 17 and wire 18 extend all the way from the box 11 to the extruder 6 so as to feed the powder 13 into the channels 3.
Claims (9)
1. A method of manufacturing an optical cable comprising one or more optical fibres loosely accommodated within at least one of a plurality of longitudinally extending closed channels formed in an extrudate, wherein hot thermoplastic core material is continuously extruded from a die member with one or more interior channels extending parallel to but displaced from the axis of the core and at least one of the channels is fed with powder via a delivery tube having an opening upline of the die member into which a powder material is introduced, the powder being fed downline along the delivery tube and into said channel by cyclic means.
2. A method of manufacturing an optical cable according to Claim 1, wherein the delivery tube also continuously conveys an optical fibre into the said channel.
3. A method of manufacturing an optical cable according to Claim 1, wherein the cyclic means consists of means for vibrating said delivery tube in a longitudinal direction.
4. A method of manufacturing an optical cable according to Claim 1, wherein the cyclic means consists of a screw means rotating within said delivery tube and bonded to an inner tube in which fibre is conveyed.
5. A method of manufacturing an optical cable according to Claim 4, wherein the screw means is a helically wound wire such as a spring.
6. A method of manufacturing an optical cable according to Claim 1, wherein the powder material is either a water block powder or a hydrogen absorbing powder or a mixture of both.
7. A method of manufacturing an optical cable according to Claim 6, wherein the hydrogen absorbing powder consists of palladium coated on finely divided carbon.
8. A method of manufacturing an optical cable according to Claim 6, wherein the water blocking powder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
9. A method of manufacturing an optical cable substantially as herein described with reference to
Figures 1-2 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08526105A GB2167002B (en) | 1984-11-07 | 1985-10-23 | Manufacture of optical cables |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848428146A GB8428146D0 (en) | 1984-11-07 | 1984-11-07 | Optical cables |
| GB08526105A GB2167002B (en) | 1984-11-07 | 1985-10-23 | Manufacture of optical cables |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8526105D0 GB8526105D0 (en) | 1985-11-27 |
| GB2167002A true GB2167002A (en) | 1986-05-21 |
| GB2167002B GB2167002B (en) | 1988-08-10 |
Family
ID=26288426
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08526105A Expired GB2167002B (en) | 1984-11-07 | 1985-10-23 | Manufacture of optical cables |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2167002B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2185591A (en) * | 1986-01-22 | 1987-07-22 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable releasing oxygen to combine with free hydrogen |
| EP0522320A1 (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1993-01-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for manufacturing an optical cable |
| FR2856613A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-31 | Cit Alcatel | POWDER APPLICATOR FOR CABLE |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB591402A (en) * | 1944-07-08 | 1947-08-18 | Kurt Posner | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of capsules containing liquid |
| GB875942A (en) * | 1958-06-27 | 1961-08-23 | Pfizer & Co C | Apparatus and process for producing capsules |
| GB1042732A (en) * | 1963-02-27 | 1966-09-14 | Yuzo Kawamura | Improvements in and relating to synthetic resin articles |
| GB1561466A (en) * | 1978-02-16 | 1980-02-20 | Post Office | Coating of fibres |
| GB2046471A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-11-12 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Tube containing optic fibre(s) and thixotropic fluid |
| GB2114771A (en) * | 1982-02-15 | 1983-08-24 | Bicc Plc | Optical cable manufacture |
| GB2123978A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1984-02-08 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable |
| EP0119490A1 (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1984-09-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for manufacturing a light guide element |
| US4474638A (en) * | 1982-02-26 | 1984-10-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for manufacturing electrical and optical cables |
| GB2149935A (en) * | 1983-11-16 | 1985-06-19 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable |
-
1985
- 1985-10-23 GB GB08526105A patent/GB2167002B/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB591402A (en) * | 1944-07-08 | 1947-08-18 | Kurt Posner | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of capsules containing liquid |
| GB875942A (en) * | 1958-06-27 | 1961-08-23 | Pfizer & Co C | Apparatus and process for producing capsules |
| GB1042732A (en) * | 1963-02-27 | 1966-09-14 | Yuzo Kawamura | Improvements in and relating to synthetic resin articles |
| GB1561466A (en) * | 1978-02-16 | 1980-02-20 | Post Office | Coating of fibres |
| GB2046471A (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-11-12 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Tube containing optic fibre(s) and thixotropic fluid |
| GB2114771A (en) * | 1982-02-15 | 1983-08-24 | Bicc Plc | Optical cable manufacture |
| US4474638A (en) * | 1982-02-26 | 1984-10-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for manufacturing electrical and optical cables |
| GB2123978A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1984-02-08 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable |
| EP0119490A1 (en) * | 1983-02-22 | 1984-09-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for manufacturing a light guide element |
| GB2149935A (en) * | 1983-11-16 | 1985-06-19 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2185591A (en) * | 1986-01-22 | 1987-07-22 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable releasing oxygen to combine with free hydrogen |
| EP0522320A1 (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1993-01-13 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for manufacturing an optical cable |
| US5283014A (en) * | 1991-06-21 | 1994-02-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for manufacturing an optical cable |
| FR2856613A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2004-12-31 | Cit Alcatel | POWDER APPLICATOR FOR CABLE |
| EP1493497A1 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-05 | Alcatel | Powder applicator for cables |
| US7323057B2 (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2008-01-29 | Draka Comteq B.V. | Cable powder applicator |
| US7575779B2 (en) | 2003-06-30 | 2009-08-18 | Draka Comteq B.V. | Method of applying moisture-absorbent powder on cable elements |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8526105D0 (en) | 1985-11-27 |
| GB2167002B (en) | 1988-08-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |