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GB2164672A - Method and apparatus for producing multilayer steel wire cables - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing multilayer steel wire cables Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2164672A
GB2164672A GB08503236A GB8503236A GB2164672A GB 2164672 A GB2164672 A GB 2164672A GB 08503236 A GB08503236 A GB 08503236A GB 8503236 A GB8503236 A GB 8503236A GB 2164672 A GB2164672 A GB 2164672A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
stranding
twisting
twisting means
producing
steel wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08503236A
Other versions
GB2164672B (en
GB8503236D0 (en
Inventor
Walter Grungreiff
Martin Poida
Klaus-Dieter Zahle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schwermaschinenbau Kombinat Ernst Thalmann VEB
Original Assignee
Schwermaschinenbau Kombinat Ernst Thalmann VEB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schwermaschinenbau Kombinat Ernst Thalmann VEB filed Critical Schwermaschinenbau Kombinat Ernst Thalmann VEB
Publication of GB8503236D0 publication Critical patent/GB8503236D0/en
Publication of GB2164672A publication Critical patent/GB2164672A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2164672B publication Critical patent/GB2164672B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0693Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a strand configuration
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B3/00General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B3/00General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material
    • D07B3/08General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position
    • D07B3/10General-purpose machines or apparatus for producing twisted ropes or cables from component strands of the same or different material in which the take-up reel rotates about the axis of the rope or cable or in which a guide member rotates about the axis of the rope or cable to guide the rope or cable on the take-up reel in fixed position and the supply reels are fixed in position with provision for imparting more than one complete twist to the ropes or cables for each revolution of the take-up reel or of the guide member
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/12Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form of low twist or low tension by processes comprising setting or straightening treatments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/02Machine details; Auxiliary devices
    • D07B7/022Measuring or adjusting the lay or torque in the rope
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2207/00Rope or cable making machines
    • D07B2207/20Type of machine
    • D07B2207/204Double twist winding
    • D07B2207/205Double twist winding comprising flyer
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2207/00Rope or cable making machines
    • D07B2207/20Type of machine
    • D07B2207/204Double twist winding
    • D07B2207/206Double twist winding with means for providing less than double twist, e.g. counter rotating means
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2207/00Rope or cable making machines
    • D07B2207/40Machine components
    • D07B2207/4018Rope twisting devices
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07BROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2207/00Rope or cable making machines
    • D07B2207/40Machine components
    • D07B2207/4072Means for mechanically reducing serpentining or mechanically killing of rope

Landscapes

  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)

Abstract

Wires (4) are drawn from a stationary supply spool or reel system (1, 2) and a winder (19) which receives the material (12) in finished stranded condition is arranged within a rotating flyer of a double-twisting machine (31). The finished cable which is produced upstream of the machine is no longer altered in the movement of being guided around the winding means (19), because disposed upstream and in the stranding machine are twisting means (10, 16) which both rotate synchronously but in opposite directions, and these two twisting means rotate at double the speed of the arcuate guide means (14). <IMAGE>

Description

SPECIFICATION Method and apparatus for producing multilayer steel wire cables The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing multilayer or multiply steel wire cables, wherein the individual wires are drawn from stationary supply or run-off spool systems and the winder is arranged within a rotating system in the form of a double stroke stranding machine.
High-speed stranding machines are predominantly used, for the production of generally conventional multilayer or multiply steel wire cables. The stranding rotors of such machines comprise either rotatable tubes or rotatable wire guide means. The run-off or supply spools or reels for the wires to be stranded are usually mounted within the stranding rotor in individual reel or spool carriers. The wires are usually passed from the supply reels or spools to the axis of the rotor, then deflected outwardly and guided along the rotor to the stranding point, where they are stranded. The stranded material is then fed by way of a take-off means to a winding spool or reel.
The quality of the products produced with those machines is high.
High-speed stranding machines have been the subject of continuous development over the years, so that the elements which determine the production capacity thereof such as, for example, the stranding basket rotor are so highly loaded that the materials used have reached the limits of their load-carrying capacity and even those limits are only achieved by a high degree of precision in manufacture, that is to say, a high level of technical expenditure. At the same time, the liability to trouble of the machines is increased. Attempts have therefore been made to use the double stroke principle which is frequently employed for stranding soft or plastic materials such as copper and aluminium, for stranding steel wire.
The inherent torsion in the individual wires, which is caused thereby, resulted in considerable difficulties and gave poor quality products.
DE-AS No 15 10 062 discloses a process and an apparatus for producing torsional stress-free wire cables. Therein, the wires are drawnofffrom the stationary supply or run-off frame structures and fed to a twisting means in which the individual wires are twisted about their longitudinal axis. The wires are then passed to a stranding point in which they are stranded together. Finally, the stranded material is wound on, within a rotating winding means. In that connection, the winding means represents, from the point of view of the principle involved, a double stroke stranding machine.
That construction has a low level of mechanical engineering expenditure and requires a small amount of space, in comparison with the use of high-speed stranding machines. However, it is not suitable for high-quality production of a multilayer cable at a high production rate.
The main disadvantage of the above-indicated solution is that the two strokes of a double stroke stranding machine are not combined in respect of location. Thus, in the region in which the stranded material is guided in the cage of the winding means, the material suffers from being partially twisted, which means that the precise layer structure required is no longer guaranteed.
A further disadvantage is that the selected cage form with the elongated guide means for the stranding material and the arrangement of the take-off means in rotary form upstream of the winding means does not permit high speeds of rotation.
DD-WP No 143279 discloses a stranding apparatus for producing multilayer or multiply steel cables, in paticular steel cord. Described therein is an apparatus wherein the individual wires are fed between two twisting means which rotate synchronously. While the wires for the individual layers or plies of the cable to be produced are not rotated, the core wire or centre portion is rotated. That occurs at the same speed of rotation and in the same direction of rotation as the movement of the stranded material atthewinding means.
However, that solution does not make it possible to produce twist-free stranded material, because of the absence of reverse twisting of the individual wires.
Furthermore, that apparatus also does not ensure that there is no twisting of the cable in the guide means around the reel carrier of the winding means, as a consequence of the double stroke principle.
Therefore, that apparatus does not ensure that production of the cable is of the proper quality.
The invention is based on the problem of developing a process and an apparatus for producing multilayer steel wire cables wherein the finished cable produced upstream of the double strike stranding machine is not altered any more in the path of movement around the winding means.
According to the present invention in one aspect there is provided a method for producing multilayer steel wire cables wherein the wire strand are drawnoff stationary supply spool or reel systems and the individual wire strands are rotated about their longitudinal axis, the finished composite stranded material being produced before passing into a double stroke stranding machine, said wire strands being drawn from the supply spool or reel system under a constant tension, individually twisted in twisting means and, depending on the structure of the composite stranded material to be produced, passed by way of one or more stranding discs with corresponding stranding points to a twisting means, subjected to finishing stranding therein and, by way of direction-changing systems and guide means, then passes through a twisting means which is disposed in the double stroke stranding machine and which has a synchronous speed of rotation but in the opposite direction of rotation to the twisting means disposed upstream of the double stroke stranding machine and which rotates at double the speed of the direction-changing systems and guide means, and the stranded material is then fed to a winding system.
In the twisting means, the final cable stranding operation is carried out. The cable in finished stranded form is then fed to the winding system by way of guide rollers, guide means and a further twisting means. In that arangement, the two twisting means have synchronous speeds of rotation but in opposite directions relative to each other. In comparison with the rotary speeds of the deflection or guide means, the speeds of rotation of the twisting means are doubled.
It is within the scope of the invention that, for producing a stranding bond or composite stranded structure comprising individual wires of the same diameter, the individual wires are fed by way of a common stranding disc to the twisting means for producing the finished stranded structure. If wires of different diameters are used, the individual twisted wires pass in layers through a plurality of successively disposed stranding discs, with the respectively associated twisting means.
According to the present invention in another aspect there is provided apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention comprising supply reels or spools provided with braking systems, a twisting means for producing the finished composite stranded product and disposed between the supply reels or spools and the twisting means are pre-twisting means with clamping means and a stranding disc with its stranding points for receiving the wires supplied in layers through guide bores in the disc, and disposed between the twisting means and a winder having displacement means are direction-changing rollers which are connected together by way of an arcuate guide means, as well as a twisting means and a take-off means with postforming means.
It is also within the scope of the invention that disposed between the twisting means arranged upstream of the double stroke stranding machine and the winder with its displacement means, which is within the double stroke stranding machine, are direction-changing or guide rollers which communicate with each other by way of an arcuate guide means, as well as a twisting means and a take-off means with post-forming means.
The mode of operation of the invention is described hereinafter.
The individual wires are drawn off the supply reels under constant tension and are passed by way of a clamping means to a twisting means. In the twisting means, the individual wire is twisted or rotated about its longitudinal axis. The individual twisted wires are now passed to a stranding disc which receives the wires, in layers, in bores, the wires being sorted out or classified at that point, and then being fed to the corresponding stranding points. The stranded material is then fed to a twisting means which operates at double the speed of rotation relative to the direction-changing or guide rollers within the double stroke stranding machine, with the material thus being stranded by the twisting means.
The finished cable now passed by way of directionchanging or guide rollers and an arcuate guide means to a further twisting means which is disposed within the double stroke stranding machine. The twisting means has a synchronous rotational speed with the twisting means disposed upstream of the double stroke stranding machine, but rotates in the opposite direction. After passing through said twisting means, the stranded material is fed by way ofthe take-off means with post-forming means to the winder with its displacement means, where it is wound on.
The use of the twisting means at the end of the arcuate guide means and the twisting means upstream of the double stroke stranding machine ensures precise guidance in respect of the steel wire cables which are alreadyfinished upstream ofthe arcuate guide means.
Two embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a view of an entire apparatus, having a single stranding disc and constituting a first embodiment; Figure 2 is a view of the front portion of an apparatus having a plurality of stranding discs and constituting a second embodiment; and Figures 3 to 7 shows examples of the structure of cables.
Referring to Figure 1, the stranding assembly comprises a run-off or supply frame structure having delivery or supply reels 1 and 2 which are each provided with a braking system 3. The use of the braking system 3 ensures a virtually constant tension in the wire over the entire content of the respective reel.
From the reels 1 and 2, each wire 4 is fed to a twisting means 5. Disposed directly upstream of the twisting means 5 is a clamping means 6 which, in conjunction with the constant wire tension, ensures a constant working point, that is to say, a constant path between the twisting means 5 and the clamping means 6. That working point is the same for all wires 4 which are twisted with the same rotational twisting speed. The twisting means 5 all rotate in one direction, more specifically in the same direction as the subsequent stranding step.
The drive of the twisting means 5 is variable so that either all twsiting means 5 rotate at the same speed or only the twisting means 5 which guide wires 4 of the same layer or the same thickness in the later composite stranded element 12 rotate at the same speed. From the twisting means 5, the wires 4 are fed to a stranding disc 7 in which they are arranged in accordance with their subsequent position within the composite stranded element 12 by guide bores 30 and are fed in layers to a respective stranding point 8 and 9. The wires 4then pass through a pair of rollers 11 within the twisting means 10. The composite stranded element 12 is thus produced by the rotational movement of the twisting means 10. The finished stranded composite element 12 in the form of a multilayer cable (see Figures 3 to 7 for examples) is now fed to a further twisting means 16 by way of a direction-changing or guide roller 13, an arcuate guide means 14, and a directionchanging or gjuide roller 15, and all three rotate about the axis of rotation of the double stroke stranding machine 31. In that connection, the two twisting means 10 and 16 rotate at twice the speed of the arcuate guide means 14 of the machine 31. The direction of rotation of the twisting means 16 is opposite to that of the twisting means 10.That provides for constant rotation of the cable 12 which is in a finished stranded form upstream of the first twisting means 10, about its own axis, at the speed of rotation of the two twisting means 10 and 16, in the path by way of the arcuate guide means 14 into the machine 31. Within the machine 31 is located a take-off means 17, a post-forming means 18 and a winder 19 with its displacement or transfer means 20 disposed on a reel carrier means. The material 12 is passed to those components, after leaving the twisting means 16.
Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment regarding the configuration of the individual stranding points and the stranding disc. In this arrangement, for each stranding layer or ply, there is a respective stranding disc 21,22 and 23, associated with the corresponding stranding points 27, 28 and 29 and twisting means 24, 25 and 26. This embodiment is used when dealing with individual wires of different diameters.
Figures 3 to 7 are cross-sections through cables showing different lay-ups which can be produced using the apparatus of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for producing multilayersteelwire cables wherein the wire strands are drawn-off stationary supply spool or reel systems and the individual wire strands are rotated about their longitudinal axis, the finished composite stranded material being produced before passing into a double stroke stranding machine, said wire strands being drawn from the supply spool or reel system under a constanttension, individually twisted in twisting means and, depending on the structure of the composite stranded material to be produced, passed by way of one or more stranding discs with corresponding stranding points to a twisting means, subjected to finishing stranding therein and, by way of direction-changing systems and guide means, then passes through a twisting means which is disposed in the double stroke stranding machine and which has a synchronous speed of rotation but in the opposite direction of rotation to the twisting means disposed upstream of the double stroke stranding machine and which rotstes at double the speed of the direction-changing systems and guide means, and the stranded material is then fed to a winding system.
2. A method for producing multilayer steel wire cables as claimed in claim 1, in which the individual twisted wires are fed by way of a common stranding disc to the twisting means for producing the finished composite twisted product.
3. A method for producing multilayer steel wire cables as claimed in claim 1, in which a plurality of successively disposed stranding discs each having a respective twisting means are passed through, in layers, by the individual twisted wires of the same or different diameters.
4. Apparatus for carrying outthe method claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, comprising supply reels or spools provided with braking systems, a twisting means for producing the finished composite stranded product and disposed between the supply reels or spools and the twisting means are pretwisting means with clamping means and a stranding disc with its stranding points for receiving the wires supplied in layers through guide bores in the disc, and disposed between the twisting means and a winder having displacement means are directionchanging rollers which are connected together by way of an arcuate guide means, as well as a twisting means and a take-off means with post-forming means.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4, in which individual stranding discs are provided and associated with their respective stranding points are respective twisting means.
6. A method for producing multilayer steel wire cables substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
7. Apparatus for producing multilayer steel wire cables substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
GB08503236A 1984-09-17 1985-02-08 Method and apparatus for producing multilayer steel wire cables Expired GB2164672B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD84267319A DD226604B1 (en) 1984-09-17 1984-09-17 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING MULTILAYER STEEL WIRE LIGHTS

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8503236D0 GB8503236D0 (en) 1985-03-13
GB2164672A true GB2164672A (en) 1986-03-26
GB2164672B GB2164672B (en) 1988-04-27

Family

ID=5560467

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
GB08503236A Expired GB2164672B (en) 1984-09-17 1985-02-08 Method and apparatus for producing multilayer steel wire cables

Country Status (6)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6175887A (en)
DD (1) DD226604B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3444244A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2570398B1 (en)
GB (1) GB2164672B (en)
IT (1) IT1199637B (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2610647A1 (en) * 1987-02-09 1988-08-12 December 4 Drotmuevek METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING BRAIDED STEEL TORONES REGULARLY
EP0289884A3 (en) * 1987-05-04 1989-05-10 Veb Schwermaschinenbau-Kombinat Ernst Thalmann Magdeburg Method and apparatus for making strands with one or more layers
FR2629843A1 (en) * 1988-04-11 1989-10-13 Thaelmann Schwermaschbau Veb METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING STEEL WIRE TORONES WITH VARIABLE TORONING STRUCTURE
ES2284327A1 (en) * 2005-05-30 2007-11-01 Tom Hutchinson Manufacturing method for fiber loop for support loads and products, involves manufacturing of fiber loop for supporting loads by industrial process, where tension fibers are aligned to form continuous loop, which can be encapsulated
WO2009022028A1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2009-02-19 Tom Hutchinson Method for manufacture of a fibre loop for supporting loads and product obtained therefrom
CN101718046B (en) * 2009-11-23 2011-11-09 江苏泰隆减速机股份有限公司 Double twisting rope laying machine
CN102296472A (en) * 2011-07-22 2011-12-28 湖北三江航天江北机械工程有限公司 Method for stranding steel cord into rope
CN103184604A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-03 盐城市华跃织布厂 Technology and device for manufacturing aramid core-spun polyethylene fiber yarn

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100270170B1 (en) * 1998-08-21 2000-10-16 전원중 Process for preparing steel cord and the apparatus for the same
CN110773909A (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-02-11 南京引力工业焊接技术研究院有限公司 Multi-strand welding wire stranding machine capable of continuously machining

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB345139A (en) * 1929-11-12 1931-03-19 Anton Kraft Improvements in or relating to machines for twisting or making wire ropes
GB365793A (en) * 1929-10-29 1932-01-28 Anton Kraft Improvements in or relating to machines for making ropes
GB1230725A (en) * 1968-12-18 1971-05-05

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1564351A (en) * 1976-09-02 1980-04-10 Diosgyoeri Gepgyar Bunching and twisting apparatus
FR2433989A1 (en) * 1978-08-22 1980-03-21 Sodetal METAL CABLE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD
DD143279A1 (en) * 1979-06-22 1980-08-13 Helmut Geling SEPARATING DEVICE FOR PRODUCING MULTILAYER STEEL, IN PARTICULAR STRAIN CORD
JPS57155103A (en) * 1981-03-17 1982-09-25 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd Radial tire

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB365793A (en) * 1929-10-29 1932-01-28 Anton Kraft Improvements in or relating to machines for making ropes
GB345139A (en) * 1929-11-12 1931-03-19 Anton Kraft Improvements in or relating to machines for twisting or making wire ropes
GB1230725A (en) * 1968-12-18 1971-05-05

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2610647A1 (en) * 1987-02-09 1988-08-12 December 4 Drotmuevek METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING BRAIDED STEEL TORONES REGULARLY
EP0289884A3 (en) * 1987-05-04 1989-05-10 Veb Schwermaschinenbau-Kombinat Ernst Thalmann Magdeburg Method and apparatus for making strands with one or more layers
FR2629843A1 (en) * 1988-04-11 1989-10-13 Thaelmann Schwermaschbau Veb METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MANUFACTURING STEEL WIRE TORONES WITH VARIABLE TORONING STRUCTURE
GB2217356A (en) * 1988-04-11 1989-10-25 Thaelmann Schwermaschbau Veb Process and apparatus for the production of wire cable
GB2217356B (en) * 1988-04-11 1992-07-15 Thaelmann Schwermaschbau Veb Process and apparatus for the production of steel cable wires
ES2284327A1 (en) * 2005-05-30 2007-11-01 Tom Hutchinson Manufacturing method for fiber loop for support loads and products, involves manufacturing of fiber loop for supporting loads by industrial process, where tension fibers are aligned to form continuous loop, which can be encapsulated
ES2284327B1 (en) * 2005-05-30 2008-07-01 Tom Hutchinson MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE OF A FIBER LOOP FOR THE SUPPORT OF LOADS AND PRODUCT SO OBTAINED.
WO2009022028A1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2009-02-19 Tom Hutchinson Method for manufacture of a fibre loop for supporting loads and product obtained therefrom
CN101718046B (en) * 2009-11-23 2011-11-09 江苏泰隆减速机股份有限公司 Double twisting rope laying machine
CN102296472A (en) * 2011-07-22 2011-12-28 湖北三江航天江北机械工程有限公司 Method for stranding steel cord into rope
CN103184604A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-03 盐城市华跃织布厂 Technology and device for manufacturing aramid core-spun polyethylene fiber yarn

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3444244A1 (en) 1986-03-27
GB2164672B (en) 1988-04-27
IT1199637B (en) 1988-12-30
IT8519101A1 (en) 1986-07-14
GB8503236D0 (en) 1985-03-13
IT8519101A0 (en) 1985-01-14
DD226604A1 (en) 1985-08-28
FR2570398A1 (en) 1986-03-21
FR2570398B1 (en) 1990-05-11
JPS6175887A (en) 1986-04-18
DD226604B1 (en) 1990-08-29

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19950208