GB2154593A - Foundry sand compositions - Google Patents
Foundry sand compositions Download PDFInfo
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- GB2154593A GB2154593A GB08503580A GB8503580A GB2154593A GB 2154593 A GB2154593 A GB 2154593A GB 08503580 A GB08503580 A GB 08503580A GB 8503580 A GB8503580 A GB 8503580A GB 2154593 A GB2154593 A GB 2154593A
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- Prior art keywords
- ester
- resin
- weight
- curing agent
- sand composition
- Prior art date
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- -1 carbonate ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CO BMRWNKZVCUKKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UYAAVKFHBMJOJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diimidazo[1,3-b:1',3'-e]pyrazine-5,10-dione Chemical group O=C1C2=CN=CN2C(=O)C2=CN=CN12 UYAAVKFHBMJOJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940116423 propylene glycol diacetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 13
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 7
- JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(C)=O JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol 1,2-diacetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(CO)OC(C)=O UXDDRFCJKNROTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-propiolactone Chemical group O=C1CCO1 VEZXCJBBBCKRPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229960000380 propiolactone Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- QBBTZXBTFYKMKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diacetyloxypropyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O.CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O QBBTZXBTFYKMKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKTORXLUQLQJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phosphonobutylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCCP(O)(O)=O JKTORXLUQLQJCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004348 Glyceryl diacetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019443 glyceryl diacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUKSWKGOQKREON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diacetoxybutane Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCCCOC(C)=O XUKSWKGOQKREON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCO HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)CO BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- MIHINWMALJZIBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-ol Chemical compound OC1CC=CC=C1 MIHINWMALJZIBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940093476 ethylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/20—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents
- B22C1/22—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins
- B22C1/2233—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of organic agents of resins or rosins obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- B22C1/2246—Condensation polymers of aldehydes and ketones
- B22C1/2253—Condensation polymers of aldehydes and ketones with phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08K5/103—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids with polyalcohols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A foundry sand composition comprises particulate refractory material, a phenolformaldehyde resole resin in alkaline aqueous solution and a curing agent for the resin comprising a liquid ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms and optionally an ester of glycerol, an ester of ethylene glycol, a carbonate ester or a lactone.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Foundry sand compositions
This invention relates to foundry sand composition and their use in the production of moulds and cores.
It is known to make foundry moulds and cores from a mixture of sand and an alkaline aqueous solution of a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin which mixture also contains an organic ester as curing agent for the resin. Moulds and cores made from these mixtures harden at ambient temperature due to curing of the resin.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-130627 describes sand compositions of the above type in which the organic ester used is methyl formate, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, butyrolactone, caprolactone, ethylene glycol monoacetate or diacetin; British Patent Application No. 2059972A describes similar compositions in which the curing agent is propiolactone, butyrolactone, valerolactone or caprolactone, and European Patent Application No.0085512 describes similar compositions in which the ester is gamma-butyrolactone, propiolactone, caprolactone or glycerol triacetate (triacetin).
In the production of moulds or cores from a foundry sand composition containing a resin binder and a curing agent for the resin, the sand composition must have a sufficiently long "bench life", i.e. it must remain workable sufficiently long, for the moulds or cores to be made, and the particular ester curing agents which have been proposed for use with alkaline phenol-formaldehyde resole resins react very rapidly and tend under certain conditions to result in the sand compositions having too short a bench life.
It has now been found that the problem of too short a bench life can be overcome if a liquid ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms is used as the curing agent for the alkaline phenolformaldehyde resole resin.
According to the invention there is provided a foundry sand composition comprising particulate refractory material, a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin in alkaline aqueous solution and a curing agent for the resin comprising a liquid ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms.
According to a further feature of the invention there is provided a method of making a foundry sand mould or core comprising mixing together a particulate refractory material, a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin in alkaline aqueous solution and a curing agent for the resin comprising a liquid ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms, forming the mixture to the shape of the mould or core and allowing the mixture to harden.
The particulate refractory material may be for example, silica sand, zircon sand, chromite sand or olivine sand.
The phenol-formaldehyde resole resin may be prepared for example by reacting together a monohydric phenol such as phenol or a cresol, or a dihydric phenol such as resorcinol, or mixtures thereof, and formaldehyde under alkaline conditions. The molar ratio of phenol to formaldehyde will usually be from 1:1 to 1:3.
Alkali, such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, may be added as a solid or as an aqueous solution to an aqueous solution of the resin and the alkaline aqueous resin solution may then be mixed with the sand and curing agent. Alternatively the alkali may be added in solution to a mixture of the sand, aqueous resin solution and the curing agent. The amount of alkali used may be chosen depending on the setting or hardening time and ultimate strength of the hardened sand required and on the actual composition of the resin but will usually be from 20-60% by weight based on the weight of the resin. The preferred alkali is potassium hydroxide.
Suitable liquid dihydric glycol esters are esters of glycols derived from propylene and butylene such as esters of propylene glycol (propane-l :2-diol), trimethylene glycol (propane-1 :3-diol), alpha-butylene glycol (butane-I :2-diol), beta-butylene glycol (butane-1 :3-diol), gamma-butylene glycol ortetramethylene glycol (butane-1 :4-diol) and iso-butylene glycol (3-methyl propane-1 :2-diol).
The preferred esters are fully esterified acetate esters such as propylene glycol diacetate and alpha-butylene glycol diacetate.
Not only must the sand composition have a sufficiently long bench life, but it is also desirable that patterns may be stripped from moulds or cores from core boxes relatively quickly, and the time for which a sand must be allowed to harden before a pattern can be stripped from a mould or a core from a core box is referred to as the "strip time".
In practice the requirements for a relatively long bench life and a relatively short strip time tend to conflict with each other.
In quantitative terms in the context of the present invention the "bench life" may be defined as the time in minutes after the addition of the resin to the sand/curing agent mixture that the resulting sand composition takes to lose one third of its ultimate available strength and may conveniently be determined by ramming standard 50 mm x 50 mm A. F. S. cylindrical cores at various time intervals after the completion of mixing and measuring the compression strength of the cores after 24 hours.
The "strip time" may be defined as the time in minutes after completion of the addition of the resin to the sand/curing agent mixture that it takes standard 50 mm x 50 mm A. F. S. cylindrical cores made from the resulting sand composition to reach a compression strength of 100 p.s.i. (7.0 kg/cm2).
Although an ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms can be used as the sole curing agent for the alkaline phenol-formaldehyde resole resin, it is preferably used in combination with a "fast curing" ester because when used alone it may, depending on the quality of the sand used and/or on the ambient temperature, result in strip times which are too long.
Examples of suitable fast curing esters are esters of glycerol such as glycerol diacetate (diacetin) or glycerol triacetate (triacetin), esters of ethylene glycol such as ethylene glycol diacetate, carbonate esters such as propylene carbonate and lactones such as propiolactone, butyrolactone, valerolactone and caprolactone.
The curing agent used is preferably 25-75% by weight of an ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms and 25-75% by weight of one or more of the fast curing esters.
In practice it is desirable that the ratio of the "strip time" to the "bench life" should be as low as possible, and when using an ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms in conjunction with a fast curing ester longer bench lives can be achieved while still maintaining an acceptable strip time to bench life ratio.
Usually the sand composition will contain 0.8-5.0% by weight of alkaline phenol-formaldehyde resole resin solution based on the weight of the sand and 15-50% by weight of curing agent based on the weight of the resin solution.
The following examples will serve to illustrate the invention:
Example 1
An alkaline phenol-formaldehyde resole resin was prepared by blending 34.50 parts by weight of an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution containing 48-50% by weight of potassium hydroxide and 65.25 parts by weight of a phenol-formaldehyde resin having a phenol to formaldehyde molar ratio of 1:1.7.0.25 parts by weight of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxy silane were then added.
The resulting resin had a potassium hydroxide to phenol molar ratio of 0.9:1.
Sand compositions were then prepared using an Australian silica sand (A. F. S. Fineness No. 50) together with the above resin and a range of curing agents consisting of alpha-butylene glycol diacetate (BGDA), glycerol triacetate (GTA) and various blends of butylene glycol diacetate and glycerol triacetate. In each case the curing agent was mixed with the sand and the resin was then added and the final composition contained 1.5% by weight of the resin solution based on the weight of the sand and 30% by weight of the curing agent based on the weight of the resin solution.
Standard 50 mm x 50 mm A. F. S. cores were prepared immediately after mixing and compression strength was measured after various time intervals. Cores were also prepared at various time intervals after mixing and compression strength of the cores was measured after curing for 24 hours. The bench life and strip time for each of the compositions were then determined in accordance with the previously stated definitions and the strip time to bench life ratio was calculated.
The tests were carried out at ambient and sand temperatures of 22"C.
The results obtained are tabulated below:
Curing
Agent
Strip
BGDA GTA Bench Strip Time
% by % by Life Time To Bench
No. Weight Weight (Minutes) (Minutes) Life Ratio
(1) 100 0 107 219.40 2.06
(2) 80 20 52 117.00 2.25
(3) 60 40 25 53.25 2.13
(4) 40 60 15 39.75 2.65
(5) 20 80 11 31.90 2.90 (6) 0 100 8 24.80 3.10
Example 2
Sand compositions were prepared as in Example 1 using a British silica sand of A. F. S. Fineness No.50 and the following curing agents:
(7) alpha-butylene glycol diacetate
(8) 50% by weight of alpha-butylene glycol diacetate/50% by weight glycerol triacetate
(9) glycerol triacetate
(10) glycerol diacetate
(11) ethyleneglycol diacetate (12) gamma-butyrolactone
Standard 50 mm x 50 mm A. F.S. cores were prepared and tested as described in Example 1 and the
bench life, strip time and strip time to bench life ratio for each of the compositions were determined. Some cores were also used to determine compression strength after curing for periods ranging from 1/2 hour to 24
hours.
The tests were carried out at ambient and sand temperatures of 21 t 0.5"C and at a relative humidity of 42 t 2%.
The following results were obtained:
Curing Agent 7 8 9 10 11 12
Bench Life (Minutes) 115 20 7 5 4 < 1
Strip Time (Minutes) > 300 78 27 27 27
Strip Time to Bench Life Ratio > 2.6 3.9 3.8 5.4 6.75
Compression Strength
(kg/cm2)
1/2h - - 10.8 8.6 8.6 ih - 4.5 18.7 14.1 10.1 2h 1.5 10.1 24.6 19.0 21.4 3h 4.0 15.5 27.1 21.5 26.0 4h 4.9 16.0 29.1 23.6 22.1 24h 11.0 27.1 36.6 35.4 24.0
Gamma-butyrolactone reacted with the resin so rapidly that cores could not be produced.
Example 3
Sand compositions were prepared and tested as described in Example 2 under the same conditions of temperature and relative humidity using propylene glycol diacetate (13) and 50% by weight propylene glycol diacetate/50% by weight glycerol triacetate (14) as curing agents.
The following results were obtained:
Curing Agent 13 14
Bench Life (Minutes) 23 13
Strip Time (Minutes) 129 57
Strip Time to Bench 5.6 4.4
Compression Strength
(kg/cm2) 1/2h 0.8 Ih 7.3 2h 6.0 14.9 3h 10.6 20.5 4h 11.0 22.5 24h 23.1 34.0
Claims (11)
1. Afoundry sand composition comprising particulate refractory material, a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin in alkaline aqueous solution and a curing agent for the resin comprising a liquid ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms.
2. A foundry sand composition according to claim 1 wherein the curing agent is an ester of a glycol derived from propylene or butylene.
3. Afoundry sand composition according to claim 2 wherein the ester is propylene glycol diacetate or alpha-butylene glycol diacetate.
4. A foundry sand composition according to claim 1 wherein the curing agent comprises a liquid ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms and one or more of an ester of glycerol, an ester of ethylene glycol, a carbonate ester or a lactone.
5. A foundry sand composition according to claim 4 wherein the curing agent is a mixture of propylene glycol diacetate or alpha-butylene glycol diacetate and glycerol triacetate.
6. A foundry sand composition according to claim 1 comprising 0.8-5.0% by weight of an alkaline aqueous solution of a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin based on the weight of the particulate refractory material and 15-50% curing agent based on the weight of the resin solution.
7. Afoundry sand composition according to claim 1 wherein the amount of alkali present is from 20-60% by weight based on the weight of phenol-formaldehyde resin.
8. Afoundry sand composition according to claim 1 wherein the phenol-formaldehyde resin has a molar ratio of phenol to formaldehyde of from 1:1 to 1:3.
9. A foundry sand composition according to claim 4 wherein the curing agent comprises 25-75% by weight of a liquid ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms and 25-75% by weight of one or more of an ester of glycerol, an ester of ethylene glycol, a carbonate ester or a lactone.
10. A foundry sand composition as claimed in claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the specific examples.
11. A method of making a foundry sand mould or core comprising mixing together particulate refractory material, a phenol-formaldehyde resole resin in alkaline aqueous solution and a curing agentforthe resin comprising a liquid ester of a dihydric glycol having 3 or more carbon atoms forming the mixture to the shape of the mould or core and allowing the mixture to harden.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848404595A GB8404595D0 (en) | 1984-02-22 | 1984-02-22 | Foundry sand compositions |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8503580D0 GB8503580D0 (en) | 1985-03-13 |
| GB2154593A true GB2154593A (en) | 1985-09-11 |
| GB2154593B GB2154593B (en) | 1987-05-28 |
Family
ID=10556997
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848404595A Pending GB8404595D0 (en) | 1984-02-22 | 1984-02-22 | Foundry sand compositions |
| GB08503580A Expired GB2154593B (en) | 1984-02-22 | 1985-02-12 | Foundry sand compositions |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB848404595A Pending GB8404595D0 (en) | 1984-02-22 | 1984-02-22 | Foundry sand compositions |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU575911B2 (en) |
| GB (2) | GB8404595D0 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN162175B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ211169A (en) |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0241156A3 (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1988-06-01 | Fosroc International Limited | Agglomeration of coal fines |
| US4862948A (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1989-09-05 | Borden, Inc. | Phenolic resin adhesive pastes, assemblies prepared therefrom, and processes for preparing cast metal articles using these pastes |
| EP0388145A1 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-19 | Borden (Uk) Limited | Phenolic resin compositions |
| US4980394A (en) * | 1988-01-12 | 1990-12-25 | Borden (Uk) Limited | Foundry moulding composition |
| US5082876A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1992-01-21 | Borden, Inc. | Compositions for foundry molding processes utilizing reclaimed sand |
| WO1992017419A1 (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-10-15 | Specialty Refractories Inc. | Vibratable resin-bonded refractory composition |
| US5190993A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1993-03-02 | Borden, Inc. | Process to enhance the tensile strength of reclaimed sand bonded with ester cured alkaline phenolic resin using an aminosilane solution |
| US5234973A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1993-08-10 | Acme Resin Corporation | Compositions for foundry molding processes utilizing reclaimed sand |
| US5238976A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1993-08-24 | Borden, Inc. | Process to enhance the tensile strength of reclaimed sand bonded with ester cured alkaline phenolic resin |
| EP0668803A4 (en) * | 1992-11-18 | 1995-11-02 | Ashland Oil Inc | Ester cured no-bake foundry binder system. |
| EP0721091A1 (en) | 1995-01-06 | 1996-07-10 | The BOC Group plc | Gas heater |
| WO1997013827A1 (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1997-04-17 | Ashland Inc. | Briquetting of mineral fines |
| WO2000074873A3 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2001-12-06 | Borden Chemical Uk Ltd | Urethane foundry binders |
| CN103331408A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-10-02 | 亚新铸造（苏州）有限公司 | Resin sand used for steel casting and preparation method thereof |
| ES2532280A1 (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-03-25 | Magnesitas Navarras, S.A. | Self-refractory refractory material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1029057A (en) * | 1963-06-24 | 1966-05-11 | Fullers Earth Union Ltd | Foundry sand compositions |
| GB1150541A (en) * | 1966-01-27 | 1969-04-30 | Foseco Int | Articles of Bonded Particulate Material |
| GB1403781A (en) * | 1972-04-04 | 1975-08-28 | Foseco Int | Bonded particulate material |
| GB1482916A (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1977-08-17 | Jackson R | Manufacture of refractory articles |
| EP0001906A1 (en) * | 1977-10-29 | 1979-05-16 | BP Chemicals Limited | Foundry compositions containing propylene glycol monoacetate |
| GB2107327A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-04-27 | Politechnika Slaska Im Wincent | Moulding and core sand compositions |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0027333A1 (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-04-22 | Borden (Uk) Limited | Foundry moulding compositions and method of making foundry moulds and cores |
-
1984
- 1984-02-22 GB GB848404595A patent/GB8404595D0/en active Pending
-
1985
- 1985-02-12 GB GB08503580A patent/GB2154593B/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-20 NZ NZ21116985A patent/NZ211169A/en unknown
- 1985-02-20 AU AU39002/85A patent/AU575911B2/en not_active Expired
- 1985-02-21 IN IN51/BOM/85A patent/IN162175B/en unknown
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1029057A (en) * | 1963-06-24 | 1966-05-11 | Fullers Earth Union Ltd | Foundry sand compositions |
| GB1150541A (en) * | 1966-01-27 | 1969-04-30 | Foseco Int | Articles of Bonded Particulate Material |
| GB1260439A (en) * | 1966-01-27 | 1972-01-19 | Foseco Int | Production of bonded particulate material |
| GB1403781A (en) * | 1972-04-04 | 1975-08-28 | Foseco Int | Bonded particulate material |
| GB1482916A (en) * | 1973-08-22 | 1977-08-17 | Jackson R | Manufacture of refractory articles |
| EP0001906A1 (en) * | 1977-10-29 | 1979-05-16 | BP Chemicals Limited | Foundry compositions containing propylene glycol monoacetate |
| GB2041385B (en) * | 1977-10-29 | 1982-07-07 | Bp Chem Int Ltd | Foundry compositions containing propylene glycol monoacetate |
| GB2107327A (en) * | 1981-10-02 | 1983-04-27 | Politechnika Slaska Im Wincent | Moulding and core sand compositions |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4802890A (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1989-02-07 | Fosroc International Limited | Agglomeration of coal fines |
| EP0241156A3 (en) * | 1986-04-08 | 1988-06-01 | Fosroc International Limited | Agglomeration of coal fines |
| US4980394A (en) * | 1988-01-12 | 1990-12-25 | Borden (Uk) Limited | Foundry moulding composition |
| US4862948A (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1989-09-05 | Borden, Inc. | Phenolic resin adhesive pastes, assemblies prepared therefrom, and processes for preparing cast metal articles using these pastes |
| EP0330307A3 (en) * | 1988-02-24 | 1992-03-18 | Acme Resin Corporation | Phenolic resin adhesive pastes, assemblies prepared therefrom, and processes for preparing cast metal articles using these pastes |
| US5234973A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1993-08-10 | Acme Resin Corporation | Compositions for foundry molding processes utilizing reclaimed sand |
| US5082876A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1992-01-21 | Borden, Inc. | Compositions for foundry molding processes utilizing reclaimed sand |
| US5190993A (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1993-03-02 | Borden, Inc. | Process to enhance the tensile strength of reclaimed sand bonded with ester cured alkaline phenolic resin using an aminosilane solution |
| WO1990010669A1 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-20 | Borden (Uk) Limited | Phenolic resin compositions |
| EP0388145A1 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-19 | Borden (Uk) Limited | Phenolic resin compositions |
| US5238976A (en) * | 1990-06-15 | 1993-08-24 | Borden, Inc. | Process to enhance the tensile strength of reclaimed sand bonded with ester cured alkaline phenolic resin |
| WO1992017419A1 (en) * | 1991-03-27 | 1992-10-15 | Specialty Refractories Inc. | Vibratable resin-bonded refractory composition |
| EP0668803A4 (en) * | 1992-11-18 | 1995-11-02 | Ashland Oil Inc | Ester cured no-bake foundry binder system. |
| EP0721091A1 (en) | 1995-01-06 | 1996-07-10 | The BOC Group plc | Gas heater |
| WO1997013827A1 (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1997-04-17 | Ashland Inc. | Briquetting of mineral fines |
| WO2000074873A3 (en) * | 1999-06-03 | 2001-12-06 | Borden Chemical Uk Ltd | Urethane foundry binders |
| CN103331408A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-10-02 | 亚新铸造（苏州）有限公司 | Resin sand used for steel casting and preparation method thereof |
| CN103331408B (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-08-05 | 亚新铸造（苏州）有限公司 | A kind of steel-casting resin sand and preparation method thereof |
| ES2532280A1 (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-03-25 | Magnesitas Navarras, S.A. | Self-refractory refractory material |
| EP3050858B1 (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2023-11-01 | Magnesitas Navarras S.A. | A method for lining metallurgical vessels using self hardening refractory material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IN162175B (en) | 1988-04-09 |
| NZ211169A (en) | 1987-09-30 |
| GB8503580D0 (en) | 1985-03-13 |
| GB2154593B (en) | 1987-05-28 |
| AU3900285A (en) | 1985-09-05 |
| GB8404595D0 (en) | 1984-03-28 |
| AU575911B2 (en) | 1988-08-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |