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GB2148330A - Improvements in or relating to the granulation of slag - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to the granulation of slag Download PDF

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Publication number
GB2148330A
GB2148330A GB08328393A GB8328393A GB2148330A GB 2148330 A GB2148330 A GB 2148330A GB 08328393 A GB08328393 A GB 08328393A GB 8328393 A GB8328393 A GB 8328393A GB 2148330 A GB2148330 A GB 2148330A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
slag
air
granules
flow
molten
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
GB08328393A
Other versions
GB8328393D0 (en
GB2148330B (en
Inventor
Stephen John Pickering
George Henry Thomas
Nessim Hay
Thomas Frederick Roylance
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
British Steel Corp
Original Assignee
British Steel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by British Steel Corp filed Critical British Steel Corp
Priority to GB08328393A priority Critical patent/GB2148330B/en
Publication of GB8328393D0 publication Critical patent/GB8328393D0/en
Publication of GB2148330A publication Critical patent/GB2148330A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of GB2148330B publication Critical patent/GB2148330B/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
    • C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
    • C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
    • C21B3/08—Cooling slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
    • C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
    • C21B2400/026—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag using air, inert gases or removable conductive bodies
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/062—Jet nozzles or pressurised fluids for cooling, fragmenting or atomising slag
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
    • C21B2400/05—Apparatus features
    • C21B2400/066—Receptacle features where the slag is treated
    • C21B2400/076—Fluidised bed for cooling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an arrangement for the granulation of slag comprising the steps of forming a flow of molten slag in the air; blowing a gas jet or jets at the flow of molten slag so as to break up the flow and produce granules of slag; and passing the granules of slag through a stream of air to cool the granules.

Description

SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to the granulation of slag This invention relates to the granulation or peletizing of slag from blast furnace or other metallurgical processing.
Proposals have been made for the granulation of slag to enable the slag more readily to be used for example in fertiliser application, in cementitious products and similar applications. Slag in a granular form for such application has the advantage of being in a convenient configuration for any further required processing.
Earlier proposals for granulation have included proposals involving interaction between molten slag and water for example by directing jets of water at a falling stream of molten slag. Such arrangements have disadvantages in that, amongst other things, it is subsequently necessary to remove from the granulated slag a considerable quantity of water.
Such a drying step adds to the cost of the process, which is in any event wasteful of the heat extracted by the water from the slag during granulation.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an arrangement for granulating slag which overcomes or at least substantially reduces the above mentioned disadvantages, and which can have potential for desirable heat conservation characteristics.
According to the invention there is provided a method for the granulation of slag comprising the steps of forming a flow of molten slag in the air; blowing a gas jet or jets at the flow of molten slag so as to break up the flow and produce granules of slag; and passing the granules of slag through a stream of air to cool the granules.
In one embodiment the stream of air after cooling the granules and being heated thereby is collected for heat exchange purposes.
The composition of the granulated slag may be changed by means of additives after formation of the granules. Thus for example the composition of a blast furnace slag may be varied to provide a more satisfactory cement mill feedstock for appropriate subsequent processing, by the addition of lime to the granules. Such additions can be added to the granules before or after cooling by said stream of air or via the granulating gas jets. Cooling of the granules by the stream of air may be provided in a fluidised bed arrangement.
The flow of molten slag in the air may be in the form of a ribbon or sheet. In one embodimentthe molten slag is formed into granules by pouring the slag into a rotating cup, which may have an inwardly tapering internal sidewall, or onto a rotating disc, such that by the rotation of the cup or disc the slag is ejected from the lip of the cup or disc in the form of ribbons, or more usually, a sheet of molten slag. A ring of air jets our a continiuous annular jet may be located outside and adjacent the lip of the cup or disc; and arranged to impinge upon the sheet or ribbons of slag and break up the sheet or ribbons into granules. Such an arrangement may be located within a chamber of such a height and width as to permit the granules to solidify before they fall to the base thereof.Additional streams of air can be introduced through the chamber from the base to an outlet at the top to cool the granules as they fall and to enable extraction of heat to occur. Aids to enhance the heat exchange between air and slag particles, such as a fluidised bed and/or an air slide may be included within or below the heat exchange system.
Alternatively, the molten slag may be formed into granules by pouring the slag through a spray ring formed by a system of converging fluid jet (such as air) to produce particles of the required size.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood one embodiment thereof will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a diagrammatical representation of apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.
As can be seen the apparatus comprises a chamber 1 within which is located a rotatable cup assembly 2 mounted upon a drive motor 3 supported upon struts 4 in the chamber 1.
A molten slag input conduit5 is provided so as to have an outlet 6 immediately above the rotatable cup 2. Surrounding and immediately below the lip of the cup is an annular pipe 7 having a plurality of orifices around its upper surfaces through which air jets may be passed.
In operation as molten blast furnace slag falls into the cup, this is rotated such that the slag is ejected out and up from the upper lip of the cup as a sheet 8 of molten material. The air jets from the annular pipe break up this sheet of slag into granular form 15, which, after a certain upward flight, fall towards the base of the chamber. As the granules fall they are met by a counterflow stream of air from secondary cooling orifices 9 and then pass into a fluidised bed 10 supported on further air supply jets 11. Thereafter the granules pass, after encountering final cooling air orifices 12 to the outlet 13 as a cooled slag granular product.
Hot air from the chamber 1, provided from the incoming cooling air, is extracted at overhead conduit 14 and is passed for appropriate thermal processing use as may be required.
Lime may be added to the solid slag product as it leaves the chamber in order that the product can be used as an efficient and satisfactory cement mill feedstock.
1. A method of granulating slag comprising the steps of forming a flow of molten slag in the air; blowing a fluid jet at the flow of molten slag so as to break up the flow and produce granules of slag; and passing the granules of slag through a stream of air to cool the granules.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein a plurality of gas jets are used to break up the flow of molten slag in the air 3. A method as claimed in Claim 1 or 2 wherein the flow of molten slag in the air is in ribbon or
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (16)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. SPECIFICATION Improvements in or relating to the granulation of slag This invention relates to the granulation or peletizing of slag from blast furnace or other metallurgical processing. Proposals have been made for the granulation of slag to enable the slag more readily to be used for example in fertiliser application, in cementitious products and similar applications. Slag in a granular form for such application has the advantage of being in a convenient configuration for any further required processing. Earlier proposals for granulation have included proposals involving interaction between molten slag and water for example by directing jets of water at a falling stream of molten slag. Such arrangements have disadvantages in that, amongst other things, it is subsequently necessary to remove from the granulated slag a considerable quantity of water. Such a drying step adds to the cost of the process, which is in any event wasteful of the heat extracted by the water from the slag during granulation. It is an object of the present invention to provide an arrangement for granulating slag which overcomes or at least substantially reduces the above mentioned disadvantages, and which can have potential for desirable heat conservation characteristics. According to the invention there is provided a method for the granulation of slag comprising the steps of forming a flow of molten slag in the air; blowing a gas jet or jets at the flow of molten slag so as to break up the flow and produce granules of slag; and passing the granules of slag through a stream of air to cool the granules. In one embodiment the stream of air after cooling the granules and being heated thereby is collected for heat exchange purposes. The composition of the granulated slag may be changed by means of additives after formation of the granules. Thus for example the composition of a blast furnace slag may be varied to provide a more satisfactory cement mill feedstock for appropriate subsequent processing, by the addition of lime to the granules. Such additions can be added to the granules before or after cooling by said stream of air or via the granulating gas jets. Cooling of the granules by the stream of air may be provided in a fluidised bed arrangement. The flow of molten slag in the air may be in the form of a ribbon or sheet. In one embodimentthe molten slag is formed into granules by pouring the slag into a rotating cup, which may have an inwardly tapering internal sidewall, or onto a rotating disc, such that by the rotation of the cup or disc the slag is ejected from the lip of the cup or disc in the form of ribbons, or more usually, a sheet of molten slag. A ring of air jets our a continiuous annular jet may be located outside and adjacent the lip of the cup or disc; and arranged to impinge upon the sheet or ribbons of slag and break up the sheet or ribbons into granules. Such an arrangement may be located within a chamber of such a height and width as to permit the granules to solidify before they fall to the base thereof.Additional streams of air can be introduced through the chamber from the base to an outlet at the top to cool the granules as they fall and to enable extraction of heat to occur. Aids to enhance the heat exchange between air and slag particles, such as a fluidised bed and/or an air slide may be included within or below the heat exchange system. Alternatively, the molten slag may be formed into granules by pouring the slag through a spray ring formed by a system of converging fluid jet (such as air) to produce particles of the required size. In order that the invention may be more readily understood one embodiment thereof will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a diagrammatical representation of apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention. As can be seen the apparatus comprises a chamber 1 within which is located a rotatable cup assembly 2 mounted upon a drive motor 3 supported upon struts 4 in the chamber 1. A molten slag input conduit5 is provided so as to have an outlet 6 immediately above the rotatable cup 2. Surrounding and immediately below the lip of the cup is an annular pipe 7 having a plurality of orifices around its upper surfaces through which air jets may be passed. In operation as molten blast furnace slag falls into the cup, this is rotated such that the slag is ejected out and up from the upper lip of the cup as a sheet 8 of molten material. The air jets from the annular pipe break up this sheet of slag into granular form 15, which, after a certain upward flight, fall towards the base of the chamber. As the granules fall they are met by a counterflow stream of air from secondary cooling orifices 9 and then pass into a fluidised bed 10 supported on further air supply jets 11. Thereafter the granules pass, after encountering final cooling air orifices 12 to the outlet 13 as a cooled slag granular product. Hot air from the chamber 1, provided from the incoming cooling air, is extracted at overhead conduit 14 and is passed for appropriate thermal processing use as may be required. Lime may be added to the solid slag product as it leaves the chamber in order that the product can be used as an efficient and satisfactory cement mill feedstock. CLAIMS
1. A method of granulating slag comprising the steps of forming a flow of molten slag in the air; blowing a fluid jet at the flow of molten slag so as to break up the flow and produce granules of slag; and passing the granules of slag through a stream of air to cool the granules.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1 wherein a plurality of gas jets are used to break up the flow of molten slag in the air
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1 or 2 wherein the flow of molten slag in the air is in ribbon or sheet-like form.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 3 wherein the flow of molten slag in the air is formed by pouring the slag onto a rotating member, such that by the rotation of the member the slag is ejected therefrom in the form of a ribbon or ribbons or a sheet.
5. A method as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the gas jet or jets are arranged to impinge upon the sheet or ribbons of slag adjacent the rotating member to break the slag into granules.
6. A method as claimed in Claim 1 or 2 wherein the molten slag is formed into granules by pouring the slag through a spray ring formed by a system of converging fluid jets.
7. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the stream of air after cooling the granules is collected for heat exchange purposes.
8. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims including the step of providing an additive to the slag after formation of the granules.
9. A method of granulating slag substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
10. Apparatusforthe granulation of slag comprising means for forming a flow of molten slag in the air; at least one jet disposed so as to blow fluid at the flow of molten slag so as to break up the flow and produce granules of slag; and means for generating a stream of air through which the granules pass to be cooled.
11. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 10 including a fluidised bed arrangement for cooling the granules by the stream of air.
12. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 10 or 11 wherein the means for forming a flow of molten slag in the air comprises a rotating member, the rotation of the member in use ejecting the slag therefrom in the form of a ribbon or ribbons or a sheet.
13. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 12 wherein the rotating member is a cup having an inwardly tapering internal sidewall, from the lip of which the slag is ejected.
14. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 12 wherein the rotating member is a disc, from the lip of which the slag is ejected.
15. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 12, 13 or 14 wherein one or more jets are located adjacent the rotating member such as, in use, to impinge upon the sheet or ribbons or slag to break the slag into granules.
16. Apparatus for the granulation of slag substantially as shown in and as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
GB08328393A 1983-10-24 1983-10-24 Improvements in or relating to the granulation of slag Expired GB2148330B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08328393A GB2148330B (en) 1983-10-24 1983-10-24 Improvements in or relating to the granulation of slag

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08328393A GB2148330B (en) 1983-10-24 1983-10-24 Improvements in or relating to the granulation of slag

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
GB8328393D0 GB8328393D0 (en) 1983-11-23
GB2148330A true GB2148330A (en) 1985-05-30
GB2148330B GB2148330B (en) 1987-05-07

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Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5255900A (en) * 1990-07-03 1993-10-26 Kuettner Gmbh & Co., K.G. Method and a device for processing hot, liquid slags
WO1995005485A1 (en) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-23 Davy Mckee (Stockton) Limited Slag granulation
CN100424187C (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-10-08 重庆大学 Liquid blast furnace slag heat recovery device and method
DE102009042874A1 (en) * 2009-09-24 2011-04-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for utilizing the waste heat released in the granulation of a liquid slag
WO2011124455A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for generating granules from a mineral melt
WO2011147637A1 (en) * 2010-05-26 2011-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for producing granules from a mineral melt
CN1888081B (en) * 2006-07-20 2012-07-04 重庆大学 Liquid blast furnace slag pelletizing method and apparatus for heat recovering process
CN102690911A (en) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 四川川润股份有限公司 Granulating device for blast-furnace slag
CN102690910A (en) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 四川川润股份有限公司 Dry-method treatment and waste heat continuous utilization system for blast-furnace slag
CN102912044A (en) * 2012-10-22 2013-02-06 李玉亮 Novel efficient and energy-saving dry type granulating system of slag and method thereof
GB2493968A (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-02-27 Siemens Vai Metals Tech Ltd A rotating slag granulator with offset slag feed
WO2013029933A1 (en) 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Ltd. Slag granulation device
WO2013029934A1 (en) 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Ltd. Slag granulation device
WO2013029935A1 (en) 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Ltd. Slag dispersal device and method
CN103014202A (en) * 2012-12-21 2013-04-03 东北大学 Device and method for recovering high-temperature sensible heat of liquid blast furnace slag
CN104428427A (en) * 2012-11-23 2015-03-18 西门子Vai钢铁技术有限责任公司 Slag granulation system and method of operation
CN105624348A (en) * 2016-03-11 2016-06-01 西安交通大学 System for granulating high-temperature molten slag
CN105910445A (en) * 2016-04-22 2016-08-31 中山市明阳电器有限公司 A method for recovering waste heat from molten calcium carbide
RU2621090C2 (en) * 2012-09-06 2017-05-31 Прайметалз Текнолоджиз, Лимитед Dry slag granulation system
EP4477761A1 (en) * 2023-06-13 2024-12-18 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Dry pelletiser for dry granulation of molten material, in particular slag

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106966446B (en) * 2017-04-12 2022-11-22 山东钢铁股份有限公司 Device and method for treating coking wastewater by using blast furnace slag
CN108060279A (en) * 2018-02-08 2018-05-22 山东钢铁股份有限公司 A kind of blast furnace slag granulation and residual neat recovering system
CN112126727B (en) * 2020-09-22 2025-07-15 南京鹏昆环保科技有限公司 A device and method for granulating high-temperature slag using high-speed airflow
CN115354092B (en) * 2022-09-13 2023-11-03 重庆赛迪热工环保工程技术有限公司 Device and method for collecting and conveying high-temperature bulk materials

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1255968A (en) * 1968-01-04 1971-12-08 Glaverbel Method and apparatus for forming fluid substances into solid particles
GB1528964A (en) * 1974-12-18 1978-10-18 Uddeholms Ab Apparatus and process for atomizing molten material
GB1544626A (en) * 1975-04-15 1979-04-25 Boc International Ltd Reacting gas with molten material
GB1547084A (en) * 1976-01-30 1979-06-06 United Technologies Corp Method and apparatus for producing metal powder
GB1567102A (en) * 1977-01-07 1980-05-08 Sumitomo Metal Ind Apparatus and method for cooling particulate slag
GB2051882A (en) * 1979-05-31 1981-01-21 Asea Ab Melt atomisation apparatus for powder production

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1255968A (en) * 1968-01-04 1971-12-08 Glaverbel Method and apparatus for forming fluid substances into solid particles
GB1528964A (en) * 1974-12-18 1978-10-18 Uddeholms Ab Apparatus and process for atomizing molten material
GB1544626A (en) * 1975-04-15 1979-04-25 Boc International Ltd Reacting gas with molten material
GB1547084A (en) * 1976-01-30 1979-06-06 United Technologies Corp Method and apparatus for producing metal powder
GB1567102A (en) * 1977-01-07 1980-05-08 Sumitomo Metal Ind Apparatus and method for cooling particulate slag
GB2051882A (en) * 1979-05-31 1981-01-21 Asea Ab Melt atomisation apparatus for powder production

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5255900A (en) * 1990-07-03 1993-10-26 Kuettner Gmbh & Co., K.G. Method and a device for processing hot, liquid slags
WO1995005485A1 (en) * 1993-08-12 1995-02-23 Davy Mckee (Stockton) Limited Slag granulation
JPH09501602A (en) * 1993-08-12 1997-02-18 デイビー マッキー （ストックトン） リミテッド Slag granulation
CN100424187C (en) * 2006-07-20 2008-10-08 重庆大学 Liquid blast furnace slag heat recovery device and method
CN1888081B (en) * 2006-07-20 2012-07-04 重庆大学 Liquid blast furnace slag pelletizing method and apparatus for heat recovering process
DE102009042874A1 (en) * 2009-09-24 2011-04-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for utilizing the waste heat released in the granulation of a liquid slag
WO2011124455A1 (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for generating granules from a mineral melt
WO2011147637A1 (en) * 2010-05-26 2011-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device for producing granules from a mineral melt
WO2013029933A1 (en) 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Ltd. Slag granulation device
GB2493968B (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-12-18 Siemens Plc Slag granulation device & method
WO2013029935A1 (en) 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Ltd. Slag dispersal device and method
GB2493968A (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-02-27 Siemens Vai Metals Tech Ltd A rotating slag granulator with offset slag feed
WO2013029934A1 (en) 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Ltd. Slag granulation device
WO2013030016A1 (en) 2011-08-26 2013-03-07 Siemens Vai Metals Technologies Ltd. Dry slag granulation device & method
CN102690911A (en) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 四川川润股份有限公司 Granulating device for blast-furnace slag
CN102690910A (en) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 四川川润股份有限公司 Dry-method treatment and waste heat continuous utilization system for blast-furnace slag
RU2621090C2 (en) * 2012-09-06 2017-05-31 Прайметалз Текнолоджиз, Лимитед Dry slag granulation system
CN102912044A (en) * 2012-10-22 2013-02-06 李玉亮 Novel efficient and energy-saving dry type granulating system of slag and method thereof
CN104428427A (en) * 2012-11-23 2015-03-18 西门子Vai钢铁技术有限责任公司 Slag granulation system and method of operation
CN103014202A (en) * 2012-12-21 2013-04-03 东北大学 Device and method for recovering high-temperature sensible heat of liquid blast furnace slag
CN103014202B (en) * 2012-12-21 2015-04-29 东北大学 Device and method for recovering high-temperature sensible heat of liquid blast furnace slag
CN105624348A (en) * 2016-03-11 2016-06-01 西安交通大学 System for granulating high-temperature molten slag
CN105624348B (en) * 2016-03-11 2018-03-02 西安交通大学 One kind is used for high-temperature liquid state slag granulating system
CN105910445A (en) * 2016-04-22 2016-08-31 中山市明阳电器有限公司 A method for recovering waste heat from molten calcium carbide
EP4477761A1 (en) * 2023-06-13 2024-12-18 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Dry pelletiser for dry granulation of molten material, in particular slag
WO2024256461A1 (en) * 2023-06-13 2024-12-19 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Dry granulator for the dry granulation of molten material, in particular slag

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB8328393D0 (en) 1983-11-23
GB2148330B (en) 1987-05-07

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
732 Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977)
732E Amendments to the register in respect of changes of name or changes affecting rights (sect. 32/1977)
PCNP Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19951024