GB2038429A - Differential Gearing - Google Patents
Differential Gearing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2038429A GB2038429A GB7923501A GB7923501A GB2038429A GB 2038429 A GB2038429 A GB 2038429A GB 7923501 A GB7923501 A GB 7923501A GB 7923501 A GB7923501 A GB 7923501A GB 2038429 A GB2038429 A GB 2038429A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- differential gearing
- differential
- clutch
- pump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009699 differential effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
- F16H48/22—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using friction clutches or brakes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
- F16H48/08—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion comprising bevel gears
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/20—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices
- F16H48/27—Arrangements for suppressing or influencing the differential action, e.g. locking devices using internally-actuatable fluid pressure, e.g. internal pump types
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H48/00—Differential gearings
- F16H48/38—Constructional details
- F16H48/42—Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon
- F16H2048/423—Constructional details characterised by features of the input shafts, e.g. mounting of drive gears thereon characterised by bearing arrangement
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Retarders (AREA)
Abstract
A drive axle having a bevel-gear differential gearing with means to restrict the differential action comprising a clutch 31 and a pump 30 arranged at the side of the differential gearing and located between it and a drive shaft. The pump 30 supplies pressure to engage the clutch 31 when there is differential action. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Axles
This invention relates to drive axles for vehicles. Specifically, the invention is concerned with a drive axle containing a bevel-gear differential gearing and including means for restricting the differential action of the gearing when there is a predetermined relative rotation between one output from differential gearing and the other output therefrom.
It has previously been proposed in Patent
Specification 1,394,886 to have a differential gearing of the spur-gear type used as an inter-axle differential gearing and being associated with a pump which, upon relative rotation between the two outputs of the differential gearing applies a clutch to restrict the differential action of the gearing. This arrangement is, however, rather complicated and is not easily applicable to a drive axle having a bevel-gear differential gearing.
The object of the invention is to provide a drive axle having a bevel-gear differential gearing with means for restricting action of the differential which means can easily be located alongside the differential gearing. Preferably, the means for restricting differential action is made as a selfcontained unit.
According to the invention we provide a drive axle for a vehicle including a bevel-gear differential gearing including side gears, a housing located to one side of the differential gearing and driven by the side gear in that side of the differential gearing, a drive shaft connected to the housing so as to be driven via the housing from said side gear and a pump and a clutch in the housing, each of the pump and the clutch comprising two parts one of which is rotationally fixed to the housing and the other of which is rotationally fixed to another part of the differential gearing, the arrangement being such that when there is relative rotation between the housing and said other part of the differential gearing the pump delivers fluid under pressure to the clutch tending to engage the latter.
The housing with its clutch and pump can be a self contained unit designed to be inserted between a side gear and the drive shaft which the side gear drives. It is thus possible to have many standard parts between axles including the differential restrictor and axles in which the differential restrictor is omitted.
In one arrangement, the other part of the differential gearing is the spider for the planet gears. Alternatively said other part may be the other side gear or the drive shaft driven thereby.
The clutch may include a piston slidable in a cylinder formed in the housing, the cylinder being vented through a metering orifice or passage. This orifice or passage may be in the piston. The clutch may include two sets of interleaved plates keyed respectively to the housing and to a member rotatable with said other part of the differential gearing.
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing which is a horizontal section through a drive axle embodying the invention.
Referring now to the drawing, the drive axle comprises a differential casing indicated generally at 10. The casing supports a pinion shaft 11 in bearings 12 and the pinion shaft carries a pinion 13. The pinion 13 meshes with a crown wheel 14 bolted at 1 5 to a differential housing 16. At one side the housing is rotatably mounted in a bearing 1 7 in the casing 10.
The housing contains a spider 18 on which are mounted planet gears 1 9 working between two side gears 20 and 21. Engaged with the side gear 20 is a drive shaft 22 supported in a bearing 23.
On the right hand side the housing 1 6 is supported by a bearing 24. The side gear 21 is externally splined at 25 and engages a housing 26. The housing is of bell shape and is closed at its right hand end by a flanged collar 27. Splined within the collar is a drive shaft 28 and the collar is mounted in a bearing 29 in the casing.
The housing 26 contains a bi-directional pump 30 and a clutch 31. The pump is mounted within a bell-shaped housing 32 which has a collar 33 at its left hand end. The collar 33 is internally splined and engages one end of a short shaft 34 which at its other end and is splined at 35 to the spider 18.
The housing 32 is thus rotatably secured to the spider 1 8. The housing 32 is sealed to the shaft 34 by an oil seal 36a. The pump includes a part 36 bolted to the housing 32 and a shaft 37 which is keyed at 38 to the drive shaft 28. Relative rotation between the outer and inner parts 36 and 37 delivers oil into a chamber 39 in the housing as will now be described. A piston 40 is slidable in a cylinder 41 formed in the housing 32 and within the piston 40 is mounted a flanged collar 42. The flange of the collar is apertured at 43 so as to provide a passage for oil pumped by the pump into the chamber 39. The collar has splined thereto, at its right hand end, a set of plates 44 which are interleaved with a set of plates 45 which are keyed to the housing 26. A metering passage 46 extends from the chamber 39 to the interior of the housing 26 which contains oil.
In operation, if the drive shafts 22 and 28 are rotating at substantially the same speed, the pump 30 will be substantially inoperative. If, however, there is substantial relative rotation between the drive shafts 22 and 28 this will mean there will be rotation between the drive shaft 28 and the spider 1 8 and therefore between the pump part 36 and the shaft 37. The pump will draw oil from inside the casing 26 via apertures 46 and the oil will be delivered by one or more of the passages 43 into the chamber 39 and will move the piston 40 to the right to engage the clutch 31 by forcing the plates 44 and 45 into engagement. The side gear 21 which is keyed to the casing 26 will thus be clutched to the spider 1 8 and the differential operation of the differential gear will be restricted.
The rate at which the clutch will be operated will depend on the size of the metering orifice 45 and oil which passes through that orifice will return to the interior of the casing 26 to be picked up once more by the pump. One can dimension the orifice 46 to give the desired characteristics.
It will be seen that the casing 26 is self contained and that it could be removed from the differential housing and if one replaced the side gear 21 with a conventional side gear and extended the drive shaft 28 to engage the side gear one would have a normal differential gearing.
The arrangement thus allows one to have a series of axles with many common parts which may or may not have differential restrictors at will.
Claims (6)
1. A drive axle for a vehicle including a bevelgear differential gearing including side gears, a housing located to one side of the differential gearing and driven by the side gear on that side of the differential gearing, a drive shaft connected to the housing so as to be driven via the housing from said side gear and a pump and a clutch in the housing, each of the pump and the clutch comprising two parts one of which is rotatably fixed to the housing and the other of which is rotationally fixed to another part of the differential gearing, the arrangement being such that when there is relative rotation between the housing and said other part of the differential gearing the pump delivers fluid under pressure to the clutch tending to engage the latter.
2. A drive axle according to Claim 1 wherein said other part of a differential gearing is the spider for the planet gears thereof.
3. An axle according to Claim 1 wherein said other part of the differential gearing is the other side gear of the differential gearing or the drive shaft driven thereby.
4. A drive axle according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the clutch includes a piston slidable in a cylinder formed in the housing, the cylinder being vented through a metering orifice or passage.
5. An axle according to Claim 4 wherein the metering orifice or passage is in the piston.
6. An axle according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the clutch comprises two sets of interleaved plates keyed to the housing and to a member rotatable with said other part of the differential gear respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7923501A GB2038429B (en) | 1978-09-07 | 1979-07-12 | Differential gearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7835955 | 1978-09-07 | ||
| GB7923501A GB2038429B (en) | 1978-09-07 | 1979-07-12 | Differential gearing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2038429A true GB2038429A (en) | 1980-07-23 |
| GB2038429B GB2038429B (en) | 1982-11-17 |
Family
ID=26268777
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7923501A Expired GB2038429B (en) | 1978-09-07 | 1979-07-12 | Differential gearing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2038429B (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4719998A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1988-01-19 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Power transmission system for vehicle |
| US4727966A (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1988-03-01 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Differential with differential motion limiting mechanism |
| FR2604232A1 (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-03-25 | Glaenzer Spicer Sa | DIFFERENTIAL TRANSMISSION DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE. |
| GB2201202A (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-08-24 | Daimler Benz Ag | Bearing arrangement of a differential casing |
| DE3800045A1 (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1989-02-02 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE FOR A FOUR-WHEEL-DRIVEN VEHICLE |
| US4883142A (en) * | 1987-09-09 | 1989-11-28 | Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Ag | Drive arrangement for connecting a vehicle output shaft to a vehicle axle |
| US4905808A (en) * | 1987-03-27 | 1990-03-06 | Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha | Torque transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle |
| US4938306A (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1990-07-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Four-wheel-drive vehicle having a torque transmission coupling for always transmitting the torque |
| US5063738A (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1991-11-12 | Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha | Pressure generation and responsive mechanism with high viscous fluid |
| DE4414435A1 (en) * | 1994-03-24 | 1995-09-28 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Self=locking equalising transmission for vehicle |
| US5595214A (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1997-01-21 | Asha Corporation | Hydraulic coupling for vehicle drivetrain |
| US5611746A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1997-03-18 | Asha Corporation | Vehicle drivetrain coupling |
| US6413182B1 (en) | 1999-03-08 | 2002-07-02 | Mclaren Automotive Group, Inc. | Limited slip differential having thermal compensating valve for regulating torque bias |
| US6464056B1 (en) | 1999-08-06 | 2002-10-15 | Mclaren Automotive Group, Inc. | Electronically controlled hydraulic coupling |
-
1979
- 1979-07-12 GB GB7923501A patent/GB2038429B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4719998A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1988-01-19 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Power transmission system for vehicle |
| US4727966A (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1988-03-01 | Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Differential with differential motion limiting mechanism |
| US4938306A (en) * | 1986-04-21 | 1990-07-03 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho | Four-wheel-drive vehicle having a torque transmission coupling for always transmitting the torque |
| FR2604232A1 (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-03-25 | Glaenzer Spicer Sa | DIFFERENTIAL TRANSMISSION DEVICE, ESPECIALLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE. |
| EP0265297A1 (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1988-04-27 | Glaenzer Spicer | Differential transmission device, particularly for motor vehicles |
| US4836051A (en) * | 1986-09-19 | 1989-06-06 | Glaenzer-Spicer | Differential transmission device in particular for a motor vehicle |
| GB2201202A (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-08-24 | Daimler Benz Ag | Bearing arrangement of a differential casing |
| GB2201202B (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1990-07-25 | Daimler Benz Ag | Bearing arrangement of a differential casing |
| US4905808A (en) * | 1987-03-27 | 1990-03-06 | Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha | Torque transmission device for a four-wheel drive vehicle |
| DE3800045A1 (en) * | 1987-07-23 | 1989-02-02 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | POWER TRANSMISSION DEVICE FOR A FOUR-WHEEL-DRIVEN VEHICLE |
| US4883142A (en) * | 1987-09-09 | 1989-11-28 | Dr. Ing. H.C.F. Porsche Ag | Drive arrangement for connecting a vehicle output shaft to a vehicle axle |
| US5063738A (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1991-11-12 | Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha | Pressure generation and responsive mechanism with high viscous fluid |
| US5595214A (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1997-01-21 | Asha Corporation | Hydraulic coupling for vehicle drivetrain |
| US5735764A (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1998-04-07 | Asha Corporation | Hydraulic coupling for vehicle drivetrain |
| US5888163A (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1999-03-30 | Asha Corporation | Hydraulic coupling for vehicle drivetrain |
| US5941788A (en) * | 1993-02-10 | 1999-08-24 | Asha Corporation | Vehicle drivetrain differential |
| US6176800B1 (en) | 1993-02-10 | 2001-01-23 | Mclaren Automotive Group, Inc. | Hydraulic coupling for vehicle drivetrain |
| DE4414435A1 (en) * | 1994-03-24 | 1995-09-28 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Self=locking equalising transmission for vehicle |
| DE4414435C2 (en) * | 1994-03-24 | 2000-06-08 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Self-locking differential |
| US5611746A (en) * | 1995-06-28 | 1997-03-18 | Asha Corporation | Vehicle drivetrain coupling |
| US6413182B1 (en) | 1999-03-08 | 2002-07-02 | Mclaren Automotive Group, Inc. | Limited slip differential having thermal compensating valve for regulating torque bias |
| US6464056B1 (en) | 1999-08-06 | 2002-10-15 | Mclaren Automotive Group, Inc. | Electronically controlled hydraulic coupling |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2038429B (en) | 1982-11-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |