GB2036801A - Separation of Arsenic from Tin - Google Patents
Separation of Arsenic from Tin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2036801A GB2036801A GB7846485A GB7846485A GB2036801A GB 2036801 A GB2036801 A GB 2036801A GB 7846485 A GB7846485 A GB 7846485A GB 7846485 A GB7846485 A GB 7846485A GB 2036801 A GB2036801 A GB 2036801A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- arsenic
- tin
- amount
- weight
- alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B25/00—Obtaining tin
- C22B25/08—Refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/04—Obtaining arsenic
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Arsenic is separated from a mixture of tin and arsenic or a mixture of tin, arsenic and other metals by adding a mixture of potassium and sodium hydroxides and separating the skim that results. From 3 to 5 parts by weight of potassium hydroxide are used for every part by weight of sodium hydroxide, and this results in a dry granular skim being produced which is free from mechanical inclusions of metal droplets. A high degree of separation can therefore be achieved.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Separation of Arsenic and Tin
The present invention relates to a method of removing arsenic from tin alloys.
Arsenic has been removed from tin alloys by treatment with sodium hydroxide, but this does not work very well. We have now discovered a method of separation which is much more effective.
The present invention consists in a method of separating arsenic and tin, which comprises: agitating a molten mixture comprising arsenic and tin, together with sodium and potassium hydroxide, preferably in the ratio from 3 to 5 parts by weight of potassium to 1 part by weight of sodium; and skimming.
By means of this method it is possible to separate arsenic not only from alloys consisting solely of arsenic and tin, but also from more complicated alloys.
Very high degrees of purification can be achieved by this method; the amount of arsenic in the refined tin can easily be as low as from 0.01 to 0.04%. Also, the amount of tin lost during the separation can be reduced by from 9 to 10% by use of the method of the invention. The skim that is produced by this method is dry and granular and free from mechanical inclusions of metal droplets. Such skims are easily conveyed elsewhere for subsequent treatment.
The method of the invention may be carried out in the following way. A mixture of potassium and sodium hydroxide, preferably in a weight ratio of from 3 to 5 parts of potassium hydroxide to 1 part of sodium hydroxide is introduced into a molten alloy of tin and arsenic. Other metals, more usually non-ferrous metals, may of course be present in the alloy. This liquid is then agitated, for example by stirring, and preferably at a temperature of from 400 to 56O0C.
The arsenic in the melt reacts with the alkalies, and the product passes into the skim. The skim may change from liquid to solid, possibly in the form of granules, and this depends on the relative amount of potassium and sodium hydroxides. The preferred relative amount of potassium and sodium hydroxides (3:1 to 5:1) leads to a skim that is strong, dry and contains no mechanical inclusions of melt droplets.
These dry granular skims are then removed from the surface of the liquid.
The amount of hydroxides consumed during the method of the invention will depend on the
amount of arsenic present in the original mixture.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples
Example 1
A tin and lead alloy containing 0.45% by weight of arsenic was treated by stirring it at a temperature of 500 C in the presence of a mixture of 4 parts by weight of potassium hydroxide and 1 part by weight of sodium hydroxide.
The amount of arsenic in the refined alloy was 0.1% by weight. The skim, which amounted to 6.5% by weight of the total amount of material, was obtained in the form of solid granules.
The amount of tin in the alloy was 93.5%.
Example 2
This was carried out as in example 1, but the relative weight of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide was 5:1.
The amount of arsenic in the refined alloy was 0.02%, and the amount of dry granular skims was 9%.
The amount of tin in the alloy was 90%.
Example 3
The method of example 1 was again repeated, except that the relative weight of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide was 3:1.
The amount of arsenic in the refined alloy was 0.01% by weight, and 9% of solid granular skim was obtained.
The amount of tin in the alloy was 90%.
Comparative Example
Here, a tin and lead alloy having a composition similar to the alloy used in example 1 was melted and treated with sodium hydroxide.
The-amount of arsenic in the alloy after treatment was 0.2% by weight, and the amount of skim was 22%.
The amount of tin in the alloy was 72%
The skim was produced in the form of a thickened melt.
Claims
1. A method of separating arsenic and tin, which comprises: agitating a molten mixture comprising arsenic and tin, together with sodium and potassium hydroxides; and skimming.
2. A method according to Claim 1, in which from 3 to 5 parts by weight of potassium are present to each part by weight of sodium.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, in which agitation is carried out at a temperature of from 400 to 5600C.
4. A method according to Claim 1, substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the foregoing examples.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (4)
1. A method of separating arsenic and tin, which comprises: agitating a molten mixture comprising arsenic and tin, together with sodium and potassium hydroxides; and skimming.
2. A method according to Claim 1, in which from 3 to 5 parts by weight of potassium are present to each part by weight of sodium.
3. A method according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, in which agitation is carried out at a temperature of from 400 to 5600C.
4. A method according to Claim 1, substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the foregoing examples.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7846485A GB2036801B (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1978-11-29 | Separation of arsenic from tin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7846485A GB2036801B (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1978-11-29 | Separation of arsenic from tin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2036801A true GB2036801A (en) | 1980-07-02 |
| GB2036801B GB2036801B (en) | 1983-05-11 |
Family
ID=10501395
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7846485A Expired GB2036801B (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1978-11-29 | Separation of arsenic from tin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2036801B (en) |
-
1978
- 1978-11-29 GB GB7846485A patent/GB2036801B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2036801B (en) | 1983-05-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |