GB2089713A - Integral wheel and tyre combination - Google Patents
Integral wheel and tyre combination Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2089713A GB2089713A GB8041077A GB8041077A GB2089713A GB 2089713 A GB2089713 A GB 2089713A GB 8041077 A GB8041077 A GB 8041077A GB 8041077 A GB8041077 A GB 8041077A GB 2089713 A GB2089713 A GB 2089713A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- tyre
- wheel
- moulded
- moulding
- cylindrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000587155 Athene Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
- F16C13/006—Guiding rollers, wheels or the like, formed by or on the outer element of a single bearing or bearing unit, e.g. two adjacent bearings, whose ratio of length to diameter is generally less than one
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/16—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
- B29C45/1657—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles using means for adhering or bonding the layers or parts to each other
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method of making a combined wheel and tyre element suitable for use in trolleys and toys. The wheel and tyre are produced in a two-shot moulding operation in which one of the elements of the combination is moulded initially from one plastics material and the other element is then moulded from a different plastics material in such a manner that the two elements are secured together by an affinity bond. The strength of the affinity bond avoids the need for interlocking formations securing the wheel and tyre together and this allows a mould to be used which has cylindrical walls which can be withdrawn axially between the moulding steps, thus enabling more rapid and simpler automation of the moulding process.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Integral wheel and tyre combination
This invention relates to wheels, and more particularly to wheels which comprise a rigid wheel centre having a resilient tyre fitted permanently thereto, and which are intended for use in light-duty application e.g. for trolleys, toys and the like.
In wheels of this kind, plastics materials are generally preferred for both the wheel centre and the resilient tyre. For example, the wheel centre may be injection moulded from a rigid plastics material such as nylon, and the tyres made from a resilient plastics material such as polyurethane or synthetic rubber.
Various methods are used for securing the resilient tyre and the rigid wheel centre together. In one arrangement, the inner periphery of the tyre is formed with an annular keying formation, and in a subsequent operation the wheel centre is moulded around this keying formation so that this formation becomes embedded in the wheel.
With suitable choice of plastics materials, this method can be reversed so that initially the wheel centre is made with an annular keying formation extending from its outer rim, and the tyre is then being moulded around this keying formation. Both these methods result in an integral wheel/tyre combination which cannot be separated.
Adhesives have also been used to bond the tyres onto wheel centres, and wheel and tyre combinations have also been manufactured in which the resilient tyre is a friction fit over the wheel rim.
The present invention provides an alternative to these known arrangements.
According to the present invention, a method of producing a combined wheel element and tyre element broadly comprises the steps of forming a first one of these elements from a plastics material, and then forming the second element against the first element using plastics material and moulding techniques such that the two elements become secured together by an affinity bond which is sufficient to retain them together without resource to mechanical or adhesive connections during normal conditions of use.
Affinity bonding is known technique in which two related materials are secured together by applying heat and pressure to one or both of the materials, in such a manner that at least one of the materials does not reach its melting point. According to the present invention, it has been discovered that, using certain moulding conditions, a wheel and tyre combination made from two related plastics materials will physically bond together to provide a sufficiently strong connection capable of resisting separating forces during normal use.
Various materials have been proposed for forming such an affinity bond between the wheel and tyre elements. Preferably (but not essentially) the materials of the wheel and tyre should incorporate similar constituents. For example, a suitable material for the wheel is homogenous polypropylene or a copolymer of polypropylene which will form an excellent affinity bond with a thermoplastic rubber (or
TPR) material which contains a certain proportion of polypropylene. When forming an affinity bond between the tyre element and the wheel element, it is important that the element which is moulded subsequently should not raise the temperature of the initially moulded element to its melting point.For example, if the wheel centre is moulded from polypropylene then the tyre element can be moulded from TPR in a subsequent operation in which the outer rim of the wheel centre forms one wall of the mould. The TPR tyre element is thus moulded onto the outer rim of the wheel centre, and during this secondary moulding operation the TPR should raise the surface of the polypropylene wheel element to more than 1500 but less than the melting point of polypropylene, which is around 22000. This prevents distortion of the initially moulded wheel centre and provides a satisfactory affinity bond between the two materials.
The use of an affinity bond between the two materials of the tyre and wheel elements leads to a number of advantages in the moulding operation.
For example, the absence of an interlocking formation on the wheel element means that a cylindrical wheel rim may be moulded which can support and bond to a suitable tyre element in a subsequent moulding operation; this facilitates the "two-shot" moulding operation in which an outer wall defining the extremity of the wheel centre is first fitted to the mould whilst the wheel centre is moulded, and then removed and replaced with a secondary circumferential wall of radially greater dimensions for the tyre element to be moulded. Where interlocking formations are required, axial removal of the inner wall is impossible and the mould must be split into at least two parts to enable it to be removed from the wheel centre priorto moulding as a tyre.Preferably, therefore, the outer periphery of the wheel and the inner periphery of the tyre have matching cylindrical surfaces.
In orderthatthe invention may be more fully understood, an embodiment in accordance therewith will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows a combined wheel and tyre moulded in accordance with the present invention.
The drawing shows a wheel centre 10 which is injection moulded prior to forming the tyre 12. A suitable material for the wheel centre is a polypropylene material sold under the trade name PROP
ATHENE ICI CYM 202. During the moulding operation, the axially extending cylindrical rim 13 is formed by means of a removable outer cylindrical wall of the mould, and immediately after the moulding process has been completed to produce the wheel centre 10, this cylindrical wall is removed (preferably automatically) and replaced with a second cylindrical wall of larger diameter which ultimately defines the wearing surface 14 of tyre 12.
Moulding of the tyre 12 takes place immediately after the polypropylene wheel centre 10 has set, and this is also conducted in an injection moulding operation using a thermoplastics rubber material which is substantially resilient compared with the rigid polypropylene wheel centre 10. The TPR plas tics material forming the tyre 12 which is marketed under the trade name DISTRAL TP 80, and is understood to be a co-polymer based on ethylene and propylene, is injected into the mould at a temperature of at least 1 50 C and at a pressure of around 1500 bars and an affinity bond is formed between the TPR material of the tyre 12 and the polypropylene material of the wheel centre 10 respectively at the inner cylindrical surface 15 of tyre 12 and the matching outer cylindrical surface 13 of the wheel centre 10.This affinity bond is formed despite the fact that the temperature of the rim region of the wheel centre 10 does not reach the melting point of the polypropylene material during the secondary moulding operation. A suitable alternative material for the tyre is sold under the trace name UNEPRENE made by International Synthetic
Rubber.
The affinity bond between the material is such that the tyre cannot be removed from the wheel centre 10 during normal conditions of use, and the provision
of cylindrical surfaces on the wheel rim 13 and the tyre 12 enable the two-shot moulding operation to
be substantially automated, which is not possible with arrangements in which interlocking formations
are provided between the tyre and the wheel centre.
CLAIMS (Filed on 22.12.80)
1. A method of making a combined wheel and tyre assembly, comprising moulding either the
wheel or the tyre element of the assembly from a first mouldable plastics material, and moulding the
other element of the assembly from a second
mouldable plastics material in a mould in which at
least one wall thereof is constituted by the first said
element, the moulding conditions being such that
the two elements are secured together by an affinity
bond.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, in which the
first said element is the wheel element, and said
wheel element has a cylindrical outer surface formed
by a unitary cylindrical wall of said mould, and
wherein said unitary cylindrical mould wall is re
moved in an axial direction after the wheel element
has been moulded and before the tyre element is
moulded.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the
first said element is the tyre element, and said tyre
element has a cylindrical inner periphery formed by
a unitary cylindrical wall of said mould, and wherein
said cylindrical mould wall is removed in an axial
direction after the tyre element has been moulded
and before the wheel element has been moulded.
4. A method as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 3,
wherein the moulding temperature of the second
mouldable plastics material is lower than the melt
ing point of the first mouldable plastics material.
5. A method as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 4,
wherein the wheel element is injection moulded
from homogeneous polypropylene or a co-polymer
of polypropylene, and the tyre element is injection
moulded from a thermo-plastic rubber material
containing polypropylene.
6. A method as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the tyre element is moulded after the wheel element at a moulding temperature of between 1500 and 22000.
7. A method as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the tyre element is moulded at a pressure of around 1500 bars.
8. A combined wheel and tyre assembly, in which the wheel element is moulded from a first plastics material, and the tyre element is moulded from a second plastics material, and said wheel and tyre elements are secured together by an affinity bond.
9. A combined wheel and tyre element as claimed in Claim 8, wherein the outer surface of the wheel element and the inner periphery of the tyre element comprise matching cylindrical surfaces.
10. A combined wheel and tyre element, sub stantial ly as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
11. A method of making a combined wheel and tyre element, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (11)
1. A method of making a combined wheel and tyre assembly, comprising moulding either the
wheel or the tyre element of the assembly from a first mouldable plastics material, and moulding the
other element of the assembly from a second
mouldable plastics material in a mould in which at
least one wall thereof is constituted by the first said
element, the moulding conditions being such that
the two elements are secured together by an affinity
bond.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, in which the
first said element is the wheel element, and said
wheel element has a cylindrical outer surface formed
by a unitary cylindrical wall of said mould, and
wherein said unitary cylindrical mould wall is re
moved in an axial direction after the wheel element
has been moulded and before the tyre element is
moulded.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the
first said element is the tyre element, and said tyre
element has a cylindrical inner periphery formed by
a unitary cylindrical wall of said mould, and wherein
said cylindrical mould wall is removed in an axial
direction after the tyre element has been moulded
and before the wheel element has been moulded.
4. A method as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 3,
wherein the moulding temperature of the second
mouldable plastics material is lower than the melt
ing point of the first mouldable plastics material.
5. A method as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 4,
wherein the wheel element is injection moulded
from homogeneous polypropylene or a co-polymer
of polypropylene, and the tyre element is injection
moulded from a thermo-plastic rubber material
containing polypropylene.
6. A method as claimed in Claim 5, wherein the tyre element is moulded after the wheel element at a moulding temperature of between 1500 and 22000.
7. A method as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 6, wherein the tyre element is moulded at a pressure of around 1500 bars.
8. A combined wheel and tyre assembly, in which the wheel element is moulded from a first plastics material, and the tyre element is moulded from a second plastics material, and said wheel and tyre elements are secured together by an affinity bond.
9. A combined wheel and tyre element as claimed in Claim 8, wherein the outer surface of the wheel element and the inner periphery of the tyre element comprise matching cylindrical surfaces.
10. A combined wheel and tyre element, sub stantial ly as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
11. A method of making a combined wheel and tyre element, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8041077A GB2089713A (en) | 1980-12-22 | 1980-12-22 | Integral wheel and tyre combination |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8041077A GB2089713A (en) | 1980-12-22 | 1980-12-22 | Integral wheel and tyre combination |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2089713A true GB2089713A (en) | 1982-06-30 |
Family
ID=10518172
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8041077A Withdrawn GB2089713A (en) | 1980-12-22 | 1980-12-22 | Integral wheel and tyre combination |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2089713A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2129364A (en) * | 1982-08-31 | 1984-05-16 | Katashi Aoki | Injection molding a parison |
| GB2137922A (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-10-17 | Wright Barry Corp | Pump impellers and manufacture thereof by co-injection moulding |
| FR2550848A1 (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1985-02-22 | Valeo | Flap, especially for a heating or air-conditioning installation of a vehicle passenger compartment, and its manufacturing method. |
| GB2234200A (en) * | 1989-07-22 | 1991-01-30 | T & N Technology Ltd | Injection moulding belting |
| FR2681551A1 (en) * | 1991-09-19 | 1993-03-26 | Patrick International | Method for bonding together two parts of a product made of different plastics, especially differing in terms of their melting points |
| EP0583153A3 (en) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-04-20 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Collapsible ink reservoir structure and printer ink cartridge |
| EP1450057A3 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2004-09-08 | Tokyo Sunworker Co., Ltd. | Roller and method of producing the same |
| US20110254311A1 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Door structure module |
-
1980
- 1980-12-22 GB GB8041077A patent/GB2089713A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2129364A (en) * | 1982-08-31 | 1984-05-16 | Katashi Aoki | Injection molding a parison |
| GB2137922A (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-10-17 | Wright Barry Corp | Pump impellers and manufacture thereof by co-injection moulding |
| FR2550848A1 (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1985-02-22 | Valeo | Flap, especially for a heating or air-conditioning installation of a vehicle passenger compartment, and its manufacturing method. |
| GB2234200A (en) * | 1989-07-22 | 1991-01-30 | T & N Technology Ltd | Injection moulding belting |
| FR2681551A1 (en) * | 1991-09-19 | 1993-03-26 | Patrick International | Method for bonding together two parts of a product made of different plastics, especially differing in terms of their melting points |
| EP0583153A3 (en) * | 1992-08-12 | 1994-04-20 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Collapsible ink reservoir structure and printer ink cartridge |
| EP1450057A3 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2004-09-08 | Tokyo Sunworker Co., Ltd. | Roller and method of producing the same |
| US20110254311A1 (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-20 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Door structure module |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |