GB2088950A - I.C. Engine Fuel Injection Nozzles - Google Patents
I.C. Engine Fuel Injection Nozzles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2088950A GB2088950A GB8131832A GB8131832A GB2088950A GB 2088950 A GB2088950 A GB 2088950A GB 8131832 A GB8131832 A GB 8131832A GB 8131832 A GB8131832 A GB 8131832A GB 2088950 A GB2088950 A GB 2088950A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- cylindrical portion
- valve head
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/184—Discharge orifices having non circular sections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A valve head 22 includes an outwardly tapering portion 25 terminating in a cylindrical portion 26, a clearance being provided between said portions and the wall of a pocket 19 in the valve body 16. A groove 32 or grooves provided in said portions, the wall of the pocket 19 or a cylindrical portion (34), Fig. 5 (not shown), outwardly of and of larger diameter than the portion 26 produce a jet or jets having greater penetrative power than the remainder of the annular spray pattern produced by the clearance. The penetrative jets may be produced after a predetermined lift of the head 22 from the seat 20. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Fuel Injection Nozzles
This invention relates to fuel injection nozzles for supplying fuel to compression ignition internal combustion engines and of the kind comprising a hollow body part, a valve assembly including a resiliently loaded valve member and a seating, the valve assembly being located within the body part with a valve head forming part of the assembly being exposed at one end of the body part but being located with clearance within a pocket defined in the body part, and a fuel inlet communicating with the interior of the body part, the arrangement being such that in use, when fuel under pressure is supplied to the inlet the fuel pressure within the body part acting upon the components of the valve assembly will effect movement of the valve head away from the seating to permit fuel to flow past the valve head and seating into the respective combustion chamber of the associated engine.
The spray pattern obtained with this nozzle is of generally annular form and whilst it is able to penetrate into the swirling air in the combustion chamber, some engine installations require that parts of the spray should have increased penetrative power as compared with other parts of the spray.
The object of the present invention is to provide a fuel injection nozzle of the kind specified in a simple and convenient form.
According to the invention in a nozzle of the kind specified said clearance has an enlarged portion whereby the spray pattern produced by the nozzle has a portion of increased penetrative power.
Examples of fuel injection nozzles in accordance with the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 shows a diagram of a fuel system incorporating a nozzle in accordance with the invention,
Figure 2 shows to an enlarged scale, the valve assembly of the nozzle,
Figure 3 shows to a further enlarged scale, a portion of the valve assembly which is shown in full in Figure 2,
Figure 4 is an end view of the portion of the nozzle seen in Figure 3 and
Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing a modification.
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings an engine fuel system includes a pump 10 which in use is driven in timed relationship-with the associated engine. The pump is provided with a plurality of outlets indicated at 11 and each of these outlets is connected to a respective- injection nozzle one of which is indicated at 12, by means of a fuel supply line 13. The nozzle 12 in use, is located within a bore formed in the cylinder head 14 of the engine so that the inner end of the nozzle projects into a combustion space of the engine.
The nozzle 12 comprises a hollow body not shown, and within the body is a valve assembly indicated at 1 5 in Figure 2. The valve assembly includes a tubular member having a flange 1 7 which in use forms an end closure for the hollow body of the nozzle which has a fuel inlet connected to the line 13. The tubular member has an internal bore 1 8 which at its lower end extends into a pocket 19 of larger diameter than the bore.
Intermediate the pocket and the wall of the bore is formed an inclined seating 20.
Slidable within the bore is a valve member 21 having at its end adjacent the seating a head 22 which in the closed position of the valve member is located within the pocket 1 9. Moreover, in the closed position as shown in Figure 3, the head cooperates with the seating. The valve member is guided within the bore 1 8 by a helically fluted portion 23. Intermediate the portion 23 and the head 22, the valve member is provided with a recessed portion 24. The head has a first surface 25 which tapers outwardly from the portion 24 and a cylindrical portion 26 which extends to the end of the valve member. An annular clearance is defined between the wall of the pocket and the head.
The tubular member 16 is provided with a pair of ports 27 and these ports communicate at all times with an annular clearance 28 which is defined between the valve member 21 and the wall of the bore 1 8. The valve member extends from the tubular member and a portion of the valve member lying within the tubular member has the same diameter as the bore 18 in order to guide the movement of the valve member.
The valve member is biased to the closed position as shown in the drawings, by means of a coiled compression spring 29 one end of which engages the flange 17 and the other end of which engages a spring abutment 30 mounted about the valve member and retained thereon by means of a retaining member 31. In use, when fuel under pressure is supplied by the pump a force is created on the valve member which moves the valve member in opposition to the action of the spring 29 so as to lift the head 22 from the seating 20. Fuel can therefore flow through the ports 27 from the body, along the clearance 28 past the fluted portion 23 and between the clearance defined between the seating and the valve head. The fuel passes through the clearance defined between the head and the wall of the pocket and issues from the nozzle in the form of an annular spray.The spray may in fact diverge as it leaves the nozzle, the degree of divergence depending on the amount by which the head is removed from the pocket.
Whilst the spray from the nozzle as described is able to penetrate into the swirling air in the combustion chamber, some engine installations, require that parts of the spray should penetrate further into the swirling air. The reason for this is to improve the mixing of the fuel with the air in +.he combustion chamber to obtain improved combustion of the fuel.
In order to obtain this characteristic the clearance between the valve head and the wall of the pocket has a local enlargement or enlargements defined by a groove or grooves 32 which is machined on the valve head. As shown in
Figure 3, the groove extends from the outer end of the head towards the portion of the head which co-operates with the seating 20. As seen in
Figure 4, the groove is of curved section with its axis extending parallel to the axis of the valve member. The groove may however be of any other convenient shape and its axis may be inclined to the axis of the valve member as is the case with the flutes on the fluted portion 23. The resultant spray pattern has portions due to the action of the grooves 32, having increased penetrative powers. Alternatively the grooves may be formed in the wall of the pocket 19.
In the case where the grooves are formed in the valve head they can start short of the outer end of the head. In this case the spray pattern is devoid of the portions which have increased penetrative powers until the valve head has moved a predetermined distance from the seating sufficient to expose the ends of the grooves to allow fuel flow therealong.
In the modification shown in Figure 5 the grooves 33 are formed in a cylindrical portion 34 located at the outer ends of the valve head and of larger diameter than the portion 26. The pocket 19 opens into an outer pocket 35 of larger diameter than the pocket 1 9 in order to accommodate the portion 34.
In operation, until the portion 26 of the valve head leaves the pocket 19 9 the grooves 33 have little influence upon the spray pattern since throttling of the fuel flow takes place between the portion 26 and the wall of the pocket 19. When the portion 26 leaves the pocket 19 more fuel flows along the grooves 33 to produce the portions of increased penetrative power.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel injection nozzle for supplying fuel to a compression ignition internal combustion engine comprising a hollow body part, a valve assembly including a resiliently loaded valve member and a seating, the valve assembly being located within the body part with a valve head forming part of the assembly being exposed at one end of the body part, but being located with clearance within a pocket defined in the body part, a fuel inlet communicating with the interior of the body part, whereby when fuel under pressure is supplied through the inlet the valve head will be lifted from the seating to permit fuel flow past the valve head and the seating, said clearance having an enlarged portion whereby the spray pattern produced by the nozzle is of generally annular form with a portion of increased penetrative power.
2. A nozzle according to Claim 1 in which said enlarged portion is defined by a groove formed on the valve head.
3. A nozzle according to Claim 2 in which the groove is of curved section and extends parallel to the axis of the valve member.
4. A nozzle according to Claim 1 in which the valve head defines an outwardly tapering portion extending from the portion of the valve head which contacts the seating, said outwardly tapering portion terminating in a cylindrical portion.
5. A nozzle according to Claim 4 in which said enlarged portion is defined by a groove formed in said outwardly tapering portion and said cylindrical portion.
6. A nozzle according to Claim 4 including a further cylindrical portion on said valve head, said further cylindrical portion being of larger diameter than said first mentioned cylindrical portion, an outer pocket of larger diameter than said first mentioned pocket, said outer pocket accommodating said further cylindrical portion and said groove being formed on said further cylindrical portion.
7. A fuel injection nozzle for supplying fuel to a compression ignition internal combustion engine comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1-4 of the accompanying drawings.
8. A fuel injection nozzle for supplying fuel to a compression ignition internal combustion engine comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to Figures 1,2 and 5 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8131832A GB2088950A (en) | 1980-12-09 | 1981-10-22 | I.C. Engine Fuel Injection Nozzles |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8039418 | 1980-12-09 | ||
| GB8131832A GB2088950A (en) | 1980-12-09 | 1981-10-22 | I.C. Engine Fuel Injection Nozzles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2088950A true GB2088950A (en) | 1982-06-16 |
Family
ID=26277781
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8131832A Withdrawn GB2088950A (en) | 1980-12-09 | 1981-10-22 | I.C. Engine Fuel Injection Nozzles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2088950A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2133833A (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1984-08-01 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | I c engine fuel injector |
| FR2585081A1 (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-01-23 | Orbital Eng Pty | IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO ADJUSTMENTS FOR FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS |
| US4907746A (en) * | 1981-05-30 | 1990-03-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injection valve |
-
1981
- 1981-10-22 GB GB8131832A patent/GB2088950A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4907746A (en) * | 1981-05-30 | 1990-03-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Injection valve |
| GB2133833A (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1984-08-01 | Daihatsu Motor Co Ltd | I c engine fuel injector |
| US4715540A (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1987-12-29 | Daihatsu Motor Company Limited | Fuel-injection nozzle |
| FR2585081A1 (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-01-23 | Orbital Eng Pty | IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO ADJUSTMENTS FOR FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMS |
| WO1987000584A1 (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-01-29 | Orbital Engine Company Proprietary Limited | Fuel injector nozzle |
| GB2190708A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1987-11-25 | Orbital Eng Pty | Fuel injector nozzle |
| GB2190708B (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1989-05-04 | Orbital Eng Pty | Improvements relating to nozzles for fuel injection systems |
| US4867128A (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1989-09-19 | Orbital Engine Company Proprietary | Fuel injection nozzle |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |