GB2088508A - Bolt heads and nuts - Google Patents
Bolt heads and nuts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2088508A GB2088508A GB8124556A GB8124556A GB2088508A GB 2088508 A GB2088508 A GB 2088508A GB 8124556 A GB8124556 A GB 8124556A GB 8124556 A GB8124556 A GB 8124556A GB 2088508 A GB2088508 A GB 2088508A
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- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- pin
- nut
- set forth
- workpiece
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Dowels (AREA)
Abstract
For effecting a threaded connection of composite material workpieces, a bolt (12) is inserted through a pre-formed hole (68) in the workpiece (S) for assembly with the nut (14). Upon assembly, the bolt (12) and nut (14) define opposed clamping portions (32,62) which engage opposite faces of the workpiece (S) only in areas spaced radially outwardly from the hole, the bolt head (30) and the nut (14) being formed with annular recesses (36) and (54) whereby loading of the workpiece immediately adjacent the hole (68) is avoided. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Pin-nut fastening device
The present invention relates to fasteners, and more particularly, to a threaded metal pin-nut combination distinctly suited for use with composite materials.
The metal pin is adapted for insertion through a preformed hole in the composite workpiece for assembly with the nut. The pin and the nut define opposed clamping portions operative to engage opposite faces of the workpiece in areas disposed radially outward from the hole.
Prior known bolt-nut combinations possess certain disadvantages when utilized with advanced composite structures. Such structures exhibit a tendency to delaminate at or immediately adjacent the edge of a drilled hole in the structure. For this reason, advanced composite structures often require special fastener combinations. Prior known bolt-nut combinations include geometries which effect a loading of composite structures at or immediately adjacent a preformed hole with which they are utilized, and therefore contribute to a weakening, breakdown or destruction of the composite material in this area. Moreover, such prior fastener combinations tend to be more massive and heavier than necessary, with their strength being only partially utilized. They are therefore generally over-designed for use with composite materials.
It is, therefore, desirable to provide a threaded fastener combination which is lighter in weight than previously known devices, as well as one which is specifically designed in terms of strength and geometry for composite material applications. It is additionally desirable to provide such a fastener combination which clampingly loads a composite structure without constributing to a breakdown of the composite material. It is moreover desirable to provide such a fastener combination which can be produced simply and efficiently, and which can be installed using conventional methods.
According to the present invention there is provided a fastening device for use with a workpiece having a preformed hole, said device comprising an elongated pin for insertion through said hole, said pin having an externally threaded portion at one end and a head portion at its opposite end which defines a first clamping portion disposed radially outward from said pin, and a nut which is assembled with said pin, said nut including an elongated body portion having a workpiece engaging base at one end and an axial bore provided with threads at least partially therealong for receivingly engaging said threaded portion of said pin, and a second clamping portion disposed radially outward from said body portion adjacent said base, said first and second clamping portions being operative to clampingly load opposite faces of said workpiece in areas spaced radially outward from said hole upon assembly of said nut with said pin. Because each of the clamping portions includes a circumferentially extending recess or relief portion adjacent the hole engagement and loading of the workpiece of this area is avoided and thus reduces the problem of structural breakdown associated with the use of prior known fastening devices with composite materials.
The metal pin preferably includes a hollow core extending therethrough, which provides a lightweight fastener having advantages over prior known solid bolts when utilized in composite applications.
In particular, the hollow core provides a pin shank having a smaller cross-sectional area, so that elastic elongation can be induced in the shank without overstressing the composite material. If desired, the axial strength of the pin can be adjusted by varying its radial thickness, while its shear strength can be enhanced by filling the core with suitable composite materials. The pin may be formed from sheet metal, wire, tubing or machined from barstock. The nut can be formed by a stamping process. Both the nut and the pin may be provided with internal and/or external wrenching surfaces, as well as self-locking features. The pin can be provided with protruding or flush head portion designs.
The above and other features of the invention will become apparent from a reading of the detailed description of the preferred embodiments, which makes reference to the following set of drawings.
Figure 1 is a sectional view of one embodiment of a sheet metal pin and nut in accordance with the present invention, shown in assembled relation upon a workpiece.
Figure 2 is an elevational view illustrating certain features of an embodiment of a nut in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 3 is a sectional view of a portion of the sheet metal pin of Figure 1 prior to assembly.
Figure 4 is a sectional view of a portion of a sheet metal pin in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention.
Figure 5 is a sectional view of a portion of a metal pin in accordance with a third embodiment of the invention.
Figure 6 is a sectional view of a portion of a sheet metal pin in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 7 is a sectional view of a portion of a sheet metal pin in accordance with a fifth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 8 is a sectional view of a portion of a sheet metal pin in accordance with a sixth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 9 is a sectional view of a portion of a metal pin in accordance with a seventh embodiment of the invention.
Figure 10 is a sectional view of a portion of a sheet metal pin in accordance with an eighth embodiment of the invention.
Figure ii is a sectional view of a portion of a sheet metal pin in accordance with a ninth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 12 is a sectional view of a portion of a sheet metal pin in accordance with a tenth embodiment of the invention.
Figure 13 is a sectional view of a portion of a metal pin in accordance with an eleventh embodiment of the invention.
Referring now to the drawings, a first embodiment of a metal pin and nut combination in accordance with the present invention is shown in Figure 1 at 10.
The combination 10 includes a sheet metal pin 12 which is shown in assembled relation upon a composite material workpiece S with a threaded nut 14, the features and functions of which will be described more fully hereinafter.
The sheet metal pin 12 includes an elongated generally cylindrical shank 16 which terminates in ends 17 and 18. Formed integrally with shank 16 adjacent end 17 and extending axially therefrom is a reduced diameter externally threaded portion 20 which terminates in an end face 22. The sheet metal pin 12 also includes a head portion 26 disposed at end 18 of shank 16. This head portion 26 effectively comprises a portion of shank 16 which is formed as a depending flange 30 that extends outwardly from shank 16 in a generally radial direction. The outer peripheral portion 32 of flange 30 defines an annular contact surface 34 which is adapted to engage face 35 of the workpiece S upon installation of the sheet metal pin 12. The radially inner portion of the flange 30 defines a circumferentially extending concave recess 36 disposed between end 18 of shank 16 and contact surface 34 of flange 30.This recess 36 effectively provides a relief portion in the flange 30, the purpose and function of which will be described more fully below.
As shown in Figure 1, the sheet metal pin 12 is formed to include an axially located hollow core 37 which extends along the pin 12 from head portion 26 through shank 16 and into threaded portion 20. The head portion 26 of the pin 12 includes an access opening 38 which communicates with hollow core 37. The opposite end of sheet metal pin 12 includes a bore 39 which is coaxiai with core 37 and communicates along threaded portion 20 between core 37 and end face 22. This bore 39 provides an internal wrenching surface for facilitating the assembly of the sheet metal pin 12 with nut 14.
The nut 14 of the combination 10 is formed to
include an elongated body portion 40. As shown in
Figure 1, body portion 40 includes an axially extend
ing generally cylindrical shank 42 at one end which
defines an outer peripheral surface 44 and an end face 46. The body portion 40 also includes a radially
outwardly flared base 48 at the end of shank 42
opposite end face 46, with the exposed end of base
48 defining an end face 50. An axially located
aperture extends from end face 50 through body
portion 40 to define a recess 51 in base 48 for
receiving end 17 of shank 16 upon assembly of the
nut 14 with sheet metal pin 12. The aperture also
defines an axial threaded bore 52 extending through
shank 42 between recess 51 and end face 46 for
receivingly engaging threaded portion 20 of the
sheet metal pin 12 during assembly with the nut 14.
As shown in Figure 1, the recess 51 in base 48 is of a
generally bell-shaped geometry which defines an
arcuate sidewall 53 that diverges generally radially
outwardly as one moves in an axial direction toward
end face 50. Immediateiy adjacent end face 50,
sidewall 53 defines an annular relief portion 54,
whose purpose and function are described more
fully below.
The nut 14 also includes an elongated axially extending hollow hexagonal or other geometrically shaped tool engaging portion 56 which is spaced radially outwardly from body portion 40 to define an outer wrenching surface 58 and an inner wrenching surface 60. The tool engaging portion 56 is integrally connected at end 61 thereof with body portion 40 by a radial flange 62 extending between base 48 and end 61. As shown in Figure 1, flange 62 cooperates with end face 50 of base 48 and end 61 of tool engaging portion 56 to define a contact surface 64 which is adapted to engage face 66 of workpiece S upon assembly of nut 14 with sheet metal pin 12.
To utilize the combination 10, the sheet metal pin 12 is first installed by inserting shank 16 and threaded portion 20 through a preformed hole 68 in the workpiece S. The sheet metal pin 12 is thereafter advanced through the hole 68 so that flange 30 of head portion 26 abuts face 35 and threaded portion 20 extends beyond face 66 of the workpiece S. The nut 14 is thereafter assembled with the pin 12 in a conventional manner. In this connection, the internal wrenching surface of the pin 12 provided by bore 39 in threaded portion 20 can be utilized in conjunction with the nut wrenching surfaces 58 and/or 60 for advancing and setting the nut 14 relative to the workpiece S. The nut 14 can be provided with an axial counterbore in recess 51. This counterbore enables the combination 10 to accommodate various workpiece thicknesses by allowing shank 16 of pin 12 to extend into the counterbore.
Once installed, the combination 10 provides a distinct advantage over prior known bolt-nut combinations when utilized with workpieces having advanced composite structures. Such structures exhibit a tendency to delaminate adjacent the edge of a drilled hole extending therethrough. For this reason, a bolt-nut combination which loads the composite structure at or immediately adjacent the hole will contribute to a breakdown or destruction of the composite material. The combination 10 avoids this problem by providing a fastening device having opposed clamping portions which define loading areas spaced radially outward from the hole 68 along faces 35 and 66 of the workpiece S.This advantage is achieved by the cooperation of the annular recess 36 in flange 30 of the pin 12 and the annular relief portion 54 in end face 50 of the base 48 of the nut 14, which provide load relief in the area of the workpiece S immediately adjacent the hole 68.
With this geometry, the combination 10 will clampingly load the workpiece S only in the areas defined by the engagement of contact surface 34 with face 35 and contact surface 64 with face 66.
The combination 10 can be efficiently formed in the following manner. The sheet metal pin 12 is formed from a sheet metal blank to define threaded portion 20, shank 16, head portion 26 and hollow core 37 by way of a progressive die or eyelet machine process. The external threads on threaded
portion 20 are provided by a thread rolling process.
The nut 14 is formed in a progressive die operation, and the internally threaded bore 52 can be machined
in a standard tapping process. The various wrenching surfaces on the nut 14 and the sheet metal pin 2 can be varied as desired. The wrenching surfaces 58 and 60 on tool engaging portion 56 of the nut 14 can be formed to define a hexagon configuration as shown in Figure 2. Alternativeiy, these surfaces 58 and 60 could be formed as lobed wrenching surfaces. A portion of an alternate embodiment of the sheet metal pin 12 is shown in Figure 5, where hollow core 37 has been extended to end face 22 of threaded portion 20 and the internal wrenching surface provided by bore 39 has been eliminated.
The combination 10 can be designed to achieve a self-locking threaded assembly in several ways. The nut 14 can be provided with a self-locking feature by crimping the shank 42 at diametrically opposed locations along outer surface 44 adjacent end face 46. The crimping process will place this portion of shank 42 in the elliptical configuration shown in
Figure 2. The threaded portion 20 of the sheet metal pin 12 can be provided with a similar self-locking feature along portion 72 thereof, the resulting elliptical configuration of which is shown in Figure 3.
Alternatively, either the shank 42 of nut 14 and/or threaded portion 20 of sheet metal pin 12 can be provided with self-locking portions having a generally elliptical ortri-lobed configuration, or the nut 14 can be provided with a threaded bore 52 having self-locking threads.
In addition to the above-noted features, the combination 10 provides an adaptable fastening device possessing several advantages over presently known solid fasteners. Presently known solid fasteners are generally over-designed for composite material applications. In contrast, the hollow configuration of sheet metal pin 12 provides a lightweight fastener combination 10 which is particularly suited for composite material workpieces. The hollow core 37 provides the pin 12 with sufficient axial strength for most composite material applications. However, the axial strength of the pin 12 can be adjusted in accordance with particular composite applications by varying the radial thickness of shank 16 and threaded portion 20 as desired.Moreover, due to hollow core 37, the shank 16 of pin 12 possesses a similar cross-sectional area, so that elastic elongation can be induced in shank 16withoutexceeding the bearing load limits of a composite workpiece.
This feature provides for improved clamping consistency under temperature variations, and under fatigue loading. In particular applications where shear strength is a concern, the hollow core 37 of the pin 12 can be filled with suitable materials, such as high strength composite materials, to enhance the shear strength of the pin 12.
Figures 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 12 of the drawings illustrate alternate embodiments of sheet metal pin 12 which incorporate various geometries for head portion 26. The elements of each of the metal pins illustrated in these Figures which are common with the elements illustrated in Figure 1 are given similar numbers.
In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, the head portion 26 of sheet metal pin 12 is formed with a more pronounced or exaggerated geometry than that illustrated in Figure 1. Specifically, the flange 30 of this embodiment is formed to extend a greater axial distance from end 18 of shank 16. When the sheet metal pin 12 of this embodiment is subjected to a threshold load during assembly of the pin 12 with nut 14, the head portion 26 of this embodiment will deform and flow to yield a configuration similar to that illustrated in Figure 1. This geometry therefore provides a head portion 26 whereby the level of load placed upon the composite workpiece S can be controlled and limited.
In the embodiment of head portion 26 illustrated in
Figure 6, the flange 30 does not terminate with the outer peripheral portion 32 as does the embodiment of Figure 1. Instead, the flange 30 includes a depending portion which defines a generally axially extending hollow cylindrical portion 74 and which terminates in a radially inwardly extending end portion 76 spaced axially from portion 32. These portions 74 and 76 are formed to provide external and internal wrenching surfaces 78 and 80, respectively, for facilitating the assembly of sheet metal pin 12 with the nut 14. These surfaces 78 and 80 can be formed as hexagon, lobed, or other similarwrenching surfaces as desired.
Figure 7 illustrates an embodiment of head portion 26 wherein flange 30 is formed to define a pronounced axially extending generally U-shaped intermediate portion 82 disposed between and interconnecting end 18 of shank 16 and outer peripheral portion 32. This geometry provides head portion 26 with an axially extending external wrenching surface 84 which can be formed as desired for facilitating assembly of the sheet metal pin 12 with nut 14.
Figure 8 illustrates an embodiment of sheet metal pin 12 wherein the head portion 26 is capped to seal and prevent access to hollow core 37. This feature is provided by a bowl or dish shaped cap 86 provided during the forming of head portion 26. Cap 86 includes a generally axially extending cylindrical sidewall 88 designed to provide an external wrenching surface. Sidewall 88 can be formed with any of the previously described geometries for facilitating assembly of the sheet metal pin 12 with nut 14.
Figures 10 through 12 illustrate three embodi mentsofsheetmetal pin 12 provided with generally frusto-conical non-protruding head portions 26 designed for use with a workpiece hole 68 having a countersink such as shown at 98 in Figure 10. Each of these embodiments provides a head portion 26 which defines a circumferentially extending contact surface 34 spaced radially outward from the hole 68, as well as a circumferentially extending recess or relief portion 36 disposed between contact surface 34 and end 18 of shank 16. These embodiments of sheet metal pin 12 include a hollow core 37 similar to that of the previously described embodiments, and can be formed in a similar manner. Figures 10 and 11 illustrate two embodiments wherein the head portion 26 includes an access opening 38 to hollow core 37. In the embodiment of Figure 11, the outer peripheral portion 32 of the flange 30 has been formed to fold radially inward to provide head portion 26 with additional strength. Figure 12 iilustrates an embodiment wherein the head portion 26 includes a cap portion 100 to seal and prevent access to hollow core 37.
The geometries of the embodiments of Figures 10 through 12 provide various flush head portions 26 which achieve the above-noted advantages when utilized with composite material workpieces. More specifically, the head portion 26 of these embodiments provides a sheet metal pin 12 wherein the clamping load generated by the pin-nut assembly is distributed to the radially outer portion of the countersink 98. This feature, along with the provision of hollow core 37, provides these embodiments with loading and strength characteristics similàr to the previously described embodiments.
Figures 9 and 13 illustrate two embodiments of a metal pin in accordance with the invention wherein the hollow core 37 has been formed in a solid shank 16 by a drilling operation. The elements of each of the metal pins illustrated in these Figures which are common with the elements illustrated in Figure 1 are given similar numbers. The embodiment shown in
Figure 9 includes a solid head portion 26 which is formed to define an axially extending cylindrical external wrenching surface 90. The exposed end 92 of the head portion 26 includes a recess 94 which extends axially into head portion 26 from end face 92. As shown in Figure 9, the sidewall 96 of recess 94 provides an internal wrenching surface, which, along with external wrenching surface 90, can be formed as desired for facilitating assembly of the metal pin with nut 14. The embodiment of Figure 13 is provided with a generally frusto-conical nonprotruding head portion 26 similar to those illustrated in Figures 10through 12andwhich is designed to achieve similar advantages. It should be noted that the embodiment of Figure 13 includes a cap portion 100 similar to the embodiment of Figure 12. However, the cap portion 100 of Figure 13 defines an exposed end 102 having an axially extending recess 104. The sidewall 106 of recess 104 provides an internal wrenching surface which can be formed as desired for facilitating assembly of the metal pin with nut 14.
Claims (42)
1. Afastening device for use with a workpiece having a preformed hole, said device comprising an elongated pin for insertion through said hole, said pin having an externally threaded portion at one end and a head portion at its opposite end which defines a first clamping portion disposed radially outward from said pin, and a nut which is assembled with said pin, said nut including an elongated body portion having a workpiece engaging base at one end and an axial bore provided with threads at least partially therealong for receivingly engaging said threaded portion of said pin, and a second clamping portion disposed radially outward from said body portion adjacent said base, said first and second clamping portions being operative to clampingly load opposite faces of said workpiece in areas spaced radially outward from said hole upon assem blyofsaid nutwith said pin.
2. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said head portion of said pin includes a circumferentially extending annular recess disposed
radially between said pin and said first clamping
portion, said recess defining a load relief area disposed radially between said first clamping portion and said hole wherein said head portion does
not clampingly engage said workpiece.
3. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said head portion of said pin yields at an axial threshold load during assembly of said pin and said nut, thereby limiting the clamping load placed upon said workpiece by said first and second clamping portions.
4. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said head portion includes an axially extending external wrenching surface for facilitating assembly of said nut with said pin.
5. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said head portion includes an axially extending recess which provides an internal wrenching surface for facilitating assembly of said nut with said pin.
6. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said threaded portion terminates in an end face having an axial recess therein which provides an internal wrenching surface for facilitating assembly of said nut with said pin.
7. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said pin includes a hollow core extending substantially along its length from said head portion to and at least partially along said threaded portion.
8. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 7 wherein said pin is formed from a solid screw member with said core being provided by a drilling operation.
9. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 7 wherein said pin is formed from a sheet metal blank by a series of progressive dies.
10. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 7 wherein said head portion further includes an access opening which communicates with said core.
11. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 7 wherein said head portion further includes a cap portion to seal said core and prevent access thereto through said head portion.
12. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 11 wherein said cap portion defines an axialy extending recess which provides an internal wrenching surface for facilitating assembly of said nut with said pin.
13. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 11 wherein said cap portion defines an axially extending external wrenching surface for facilitating assembly of said nut with said pin.
14. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said head portion is generally frusto-conical in shape for effecting a flush assembly when utilized with a workpiece hole having a countersink, and said first clamping portion of said head portion is operative to clampingly load said workpiece in an area along said countersink spaced radially outward from said hole upon assembly of said nut with said pin.
15. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said pin is formed from a sheet metal blank by a series of progressive dies.
16. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said threaded portion of said pin is crimped in at least two circumferentially spaced locations to aliow said threaded portion to lockingly engage said bore of said nut upon assembly of said nut with said pin.
17. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said workpice engaging base of said nut includes a circumferentially extending annular recess which defines a load relief area disposed radially between said second clamping portion and said hole and wherein said workpiece is not clamp inglyengaged by said nut.
18. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 17 wherein said second clamping portion comprises a radially outwardly depending flange which extends substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said body portion adjacent said base.
19. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 18 wherein said flange includes an integrally formed axially extending hollow tool engaging portion disposed at its radially outer periphery through which a torque is applied to said nut for assembling said nut with said pin.
20. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 17 wherein said bore diverges radially outwardly adjacent said base to define said recess.
21. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said nut includes an integral tool engaging portion spaced radially outward from said body portion and through which a torque is applied to said nut for assembling said nut with said pin.
22. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 21 wherein said tool engaging portion comprises an axially extending hollow portion which defines an external wrenching surface along its radially outer wall and an internal wrenching surface along its radially inner wall.
23. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 22 wherein said hollow portion is integrally connected with said body portion by a radial flange extending between said body portion and said inner wall.
24. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said body portion of said nut is crimped in at least two circumferentially spaced locations to allow said bore to lockingly engage said threaded portion of said pin upon assembly of said nut with said pin.
25. A fastening device for use with a workpiece having a preformed hole, said device comprising an elongated pin for insertion through said hole, said pin having an externally threaded portion atone end, and a head portion at its opposite end which includes a radially extending first clamping portion disposed radially outward from said pin and a circumferentially extending annular first recess disposed radially between said pin and said first clamping portion, said device further comprising a nut which is assembled with said pin, said nut including an elongated body portion having a workpiece engaging base at one end and an axial bore provided with threads at least partially therealong for receivingly engaging said threaded portion of said pin, said base including a radially extending second clamping portion disposed radially outward from said body portion and a circumferentially extending annular second recess disposed radially between said body portion and said second clamping portion, whereby upon assembly of said nut with said pin, said first and second clamping portions clampingly load opposite faces of said workpiece in areas spaced radially outward from said hole, said first recess defines an annular first load relief area radially between said first clamping portion and said hole wherein said head portion does not clampingly engage said workpiece, and said second recess defines an annular second load relief area radially between said second clamping portion and said hole wherein said base does not clampingly engage said workpiece.
26. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 25 wherein said pin includes a hollow core extending substantially along its length from said head portion to and at least partially along said threaded portion.
27. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 25 wherein said head portion includes an axially extending external wrenching surface for facilitating assembly of said nut with said pin.
28. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 27 wherein said head portion further includes an axially extending recess which provides an internal wrenching surface for facilitating assembly of said nut with said pin.
29. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 25 wherein said threaded portion terminates in an end face having an axial recess therein which provides an internal wrenching surface for facilitating assembly of said nut with said pin.
30. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 25 wherein said head portion is generallyfrusto-conical in shape for effecting a flush assembly when utilized with a workpiece hole having a countersink, and said first clamping portion of said head portion is operative to clampingly load said workpiece in an area along said countersink spaced radially outward from said hole upon assembly of said nut with said pin.
31. A fastening device as set forth in Claim 25 wherein said second clamping portion includes an integrally formed axially extending hollow tool engaging portion disposed at its radially outer periphery through which a torque is applied to said nut for assembling said nut with said pin.
32. Afastening device as set forth in Claim 31 wherein said tool engaging portion defines an external wrenching surface along its radially outer wall and an internal wrenching surface along its radially inner wall.
33. An elongated threaded pin for insertion through a hole in a workpiece for assembly with a threaded nut to effect a threaded connection, said pin comprising an elongated generally cylindrical shank having an externally threaded portion at one end, and an integral head portion disposed at the opposite end of said shank from said threaded portion, said head portion including a workpiece engaging portion disposed radially outward from said shank which is operative to clampingly load said workpiece in an area spaced radially outward from said hole upon assembly of said pin with said nut, and a circumferentially extending annular recess disposed radially between said shank and said workpiece engaging portion which defines an annular load relief area outwardly adjacent said hole wherein said head portion does not clampingly engage said workpiece, said pin further comprising a hollow core extending substantially along the length of said shank from said head portion to and at least
partially along said threaded portion.
34. A pin as set forth in Claim 33 wherein said pin is formed from a sheet metal blank by a series of progressive dies.
35. A pin as set forth in Claim 33 wherein said core is provided in said shank by a drilling operation.
36. A pin as set forth in Claim 33 wherein said head portion is generally frusto-conical in shape for effecting a flush assembly when utilized with a workpiece hole having a countersink, and said workpiece engaging portion is operative to clamp
ingly load said workpiece in an area along said countersink spaced radially outward from said hole upon assembly of said pin with said nut.
37. A nut for use in combination with a threaded
male member inserted through a hole in a workpiece to effect a threaded connection, said nut comprising an elongated body portion having a workpiece engaging base at one end and an axial bore provided with threads at least partiallytherealong for receivingly engaging said male member, said base including a radially extending depending flange which defines a clamping portion disposed radially outward from said body portion and which is operative to clampingly load said workpiece in an area spaced radially outward from said hole upon assembly of said nut with said male member, and a circumferentially extending annular recess disposed radially between said body portion and said clamping portion which defines an annular load relief area outwardly adjacent said hole wherein said flange does not dampingly engage said workpiece.
38. A nut as set forth in Claim 37 wherein said flange includes an integrally formed axially extending hollow driving portion at its radially outer periphery and which defines an external wrenching surface along its radially outer wall and an internal wrenching device along its radially inner wall.
39. A nut as set forth in Claim 38 wherein said nut is formed as one piece from a sheet metal blank by a progressive die process.
40. Afastenng device constructed and arranged to operate substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
41. An elongated threaded pin constructed and arranged substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
42. A nut for use in combination with a threaded male member, such nut being constructed and arranged substantially as herein before described with reference to and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US20825680A | 1980-11-19 | 1980-11-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2088508A true GB2088508A (en) | 1982-06-09 |
Family
ID=22773902
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8124556A Withdrawn GB2088508A (en) | 1980-11-19 | 1981-08-11 | Bolt heads and nuts |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5786608A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3138329A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2494354A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2088508A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1138658B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2131113A (en) * | 1982-11-25 | 1984-06-13 | Chang Chung Hsing | Bolt driving formation |
| US4842466A (en) * | 1986-04-01 | 1989-06-27 | Vsi Corporation | Lightweight fastener |
| US4915559A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1990-04-10 | Vsi Corporation | Lightweight fastener |
| US5039265A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-08-13 | Vsi Corporation | Lightweight fastener |
| EP0470696A1 (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1992-02-12 | Emhart Inc. | Device for fastening two components |
| US5135342A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-08-04 | Scott Douglas D | Tamper proof fastening apparatus |
| US5177914A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1993-01-12 | Hilmer Elwyn P | Vertical section building construction |
| US6149363A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-11-21 | Huck International, Inc. | Lightweight threaded fastener and thread rolling die |
| EP3763458A1 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2021-01-13 | Physical Systems, Inc. | Method of making a hollow metal screw |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59179113A (en) * | 1983-03-30 | 1984-10-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Degassing method of gas dissolved in oil |
| DE19916168B4 (en) * | 1999-04-12 | 2004-08-12 | Alma-Mechanik Metallteile Gmbh | mounting assembly |
| CN102562727A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-11 | 苏州海仑士科技有限公司 | Rapid thread/screw rod connecting device |
| EP3354986A1 (en) * | 2017-01-30 | 2018-08-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Fastening screw for a heat shield element |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB478782A (en) * | 1937-03-18 | 1938-01-25 | James Mclean | Nut device for electric lamp holders and other screw-threaded articles |
| GB853002A (en) * | 1958-03-12 | 1960-11-02 | Gen Am Transport | Improvements relating to headed screw fasteners and the manufacture thereof |
| DE1625327A1 (en) * | 1966-07-28 | 1970-07-16 | Ford Werke Ag | Screwable fastening means which are arranged in groups |
| DE1750828C3 (en) * | 1968-06-08 | 1974-04-04 | Knapsack Ag, 5033 Huerth-Knapsack | Retaining bolt |
| GB1315702A (en) * | 1970-05-08 | 1973-05-02 | Jenkins R G | Fastener with tension indicating means and apparatus and methods for measuring same |
| CA1086091A (en) * | 1975-05-12 | 1980-09-23 | James K. Strickland | Concrete form panel tying apparatus |
| US4033243A (en) * | 1976-01-30 | 1977-07-05 | Textron, Inc. | Container fastener system |
| GB1590681A (en) * | 1977-08-05 | 1981-06-03 | Towne Robinson Fastener Co | Method of welding a wheel nut body to a sheath and an apparatus for carrying out this method |
| US4238165A (en) * | 1979-01-25 | 1980-12-09 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Fastener unit for clamping plastic workpieces |
-
1981
- 1981-08-11 GB GB8124556A patent/GB2088508A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-09-17 JP JP56146974A patent/JPS5786608A/en active Pending
- 1981-09-24 FR FR8118059A patent/FR2494354A1/en active Pending
- 1981-09-25 DE DE19813138329 patent/DE3138329A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1981-09-28 IT IT24194/81A patent/IT1138658B/en active
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2131113A (en) * | 1982-11-25 | 1984-06-13 | Chang Chung Hsing | Bolt driving formation |
| US4842466A (en) * | 1986-04-01 | 1989-06-27 | Vsi Corporation | Lightweight fastener |
| US4915559A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1990-04-10 | Vsi Corporation | Lightweight fastener |
| US5177914A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1993-01-12 | Hilmer Elwyn P | Vertical section building construction |
| US5039265A (en) * | 1990-02-28 | 1991-08-13 | Vsi Corporation | Lightweight fastener |
| EP0470696A1 (en) * | 1990-08-06 | 1992-02-12 | Emhart Inc. | Device for fastening two components |
| US5135342A (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-08-04 | Scott Douglas D | Tamper proof fastening apparatus |
| WO1992014937A1 (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-09-03 | Douglas Scott | Tamper proof fastening apparatus |
| US6149363A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-11-21 | Huck International, Inc. | Lightweight threaded fastener and thread rolling die |
| EP3763458A1 (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2021-01-13 | Physical Systems, Inc. | Method of making a hollow metal screw |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8124194A0 (en) | 1981-09-28 |
| IT1138658B (en) | 1986-09-17 |
| JPS5786608A (en) | 1982-05-29 |
| DE3138329A1 (en) | 1982-06-24 |
| FR2494354A1 (en) | 1982-05-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |