GB2053562A - Discharge Lamp - Google Patents
Discharge Lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2053562A GB2053562A GB8020680A GB8020680A GB2053562A GB 2053562 A GB2053562 A GB 2053562A GB 8020680 A GB8020680 A GB 8020680A GB 8020680 A GB8020680 A GB 8020680A GB 2053562 A GB2053562 A GB 2053562A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- lutetium
- discharge lamp
- compound
- electric discharge
- lamp according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002663 lutetium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 lutetium halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003443 lutetium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- MPARYNQUYZOBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxolutetiooxy)lutetium Chemical compound O=[Lu]O[Lu]=O MPARYNQUYZOBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002472 indium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001126 phototherapy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- NZOCXFRGADJTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-K lutetium(3+);triiodide Chemical compound I[Lu](I)I NZOCXFRGADJTKP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- RMUKCGUDVKEQPL-UHFFFAOYSA-K triiodoindigane Chemical compound I[In](I)I RMUKCGUDVKEQPL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 201000004681 Psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- OKIIEJOIXGHUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium iodide Chemical compound [Cd+2].[I-].[I-] OKIIEJOIXGHUKX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WFUBYPSJBBQSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-M rubidium iodide Chemical compound [Rb+].[I-] WFUBYPSJBBQSOU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 208000002874 Acne Vulgaris Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010000496 acne Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940075417 cadmium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002648 combination therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- QKEOZZYXWAIQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M mercury(1+);iodide Chemical compound [Hg]I QKEOZZYXWAIQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002215 photochemotherapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides an electric discharge lamp for irradiation purposes, comprising a discharge vessel which transmits ultra-violet radiation, electrodes, a noble gas filling and at least one buffer gas or buffer vapour, wherein the discharge vessel contains lutetium and/or a lutetium compound.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Electric Discharge Lamp
The present invention is concerned with an electric discharge lamp which can be used both for general irradiation purposes, for example for health and cosmetic irradiation, as well as in therapy of skin diseases, for example, psoriasis or acne. The lamp can also be used in technical apparatus, for example for copying purposes.
It is known to use ultra-violet irradiation to produce heaith-giving and cosmetic effects and to cure skin diseases by phototherapeutic and photochemotherapeutic methods. More particularly, in the treatment of the various forms of psoriasis, phototherapy and photochemotherapy can produce considerable improvements.
Photochemotherapy is a combination therapy which is based on the use of a medicament as a photosensitiser, followed by irradiation, mainly in the long wave ultra-violet range (Wolff et al., Dtschl. Med. Wschr., 124,2471/1975).
In phototherapy, which is generally known-as selective phototherapy, the therapeutic effect is initiated, without sensitisation with a medicament, by the direct attack of energy-rich ultra-violet radiation (UV-B/C) on the genetic material of the epidermis (Trennier et al., Akt.
Derm. 3, 49/1977; Schröl, Dt. Dermatologie, 25, 499/1977).
For both types of therapy, various irradiation apparatus are known, for example, those disclosed in Federal Republic of Germany Patent
Specifications Nos. 2,707,920; 2,707,908; 2,609,273 and 2,616,892. The radiators used nowadays are not only special low pressure fluorescent lamps but, more particularly, xenon high pressure lamps and/or mercury vapour high pressure discharges, and also discharges in halogen-metal vapours, for example, iron- gallium iodide and gallium-indium- samarium-lead iodide, as disclosed in Federal
Republic of Germany Patent Specification No.
2,531,876.
A lamp has also been suggested for the abovementioned irradiation purposes which, in the discharge vessel, contains the elements copper and/or silver and/or compounds thereof, as disclosed in German Democratic Republic Patent
Specification No.211,140.
That method has the disadvantage that, in the relevant temperature range, mercury halides have a high stability, so that metallic copper or silver may be deposited on the wall. The addition of, for example, xenon, cadmium iodide or zinc iodide is necessary to avoid these deposition processes but this increases the technical costs.
An analysis of the results with regard to the optimum range of the spectrum for the majority of irradiation purposes showed that the range extends from 320 to 340 nm, the range from 320 to 330 nm having the greatest importance.
If this favourable spectral range is filtered out, using appropriate filters, only low irradiation strengths are, nevertheless, obtained with the known light and radiation sources so that, in practice, the use of conventional lamps does not give the desired result.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a radiation source with a particularly strong emission in the therapeutically and also cosmetically favourable spectral range above 320 nm.
The problem with which the present invention is concerned is to provide an electric discharge lamp of highly concentrated power which emits a particularly large amount of energy in the wave length range of from 320 to 340 nm.
The present invention is based on the fact that the element lutetium, which has a spectrum with many lines but has readily excitable lines at 328 nm, 328.2 nm, 331.2 nm, 336 nm, 337.7 nm, 338.6 nm and 340 nm, has a considerable proportion of the emission in the required area of the spectrum.
Thus, according to the present invention, there is provided an electric discharge lamp for irradiation purposes, comprising a discharge vessel which transmits ultra-violet radiation, electrodes, a noble gas filling and at least one buffer gas or buffer vapour, wherein the discharge vessel contains lutetium and/or a lutetium compound.
When a lutetium compound is present in the discharge vessel, this is preferably a halide.
With the radiator wall temperatures of 800 to 1200 K, which can be achieved in practice, the lutetium halides have high enough vapour pressures to transport adequate quantities of the rare earth metal into the discharge path where, due to the low excitation energies, there are satisfactory conditions for a strong emission. The saturation vapour pressure of Flu13, for example, can be approximated by log pA--B/T, where p is obtained in Pa, if 1.873, B=10163, and the temperature is expressed in K. For the usual wall temperature of 1000 K, this gives a vapour pressure of about 50 Pa.
If desired, the discharge vessel may contain at least one further metal and/or metal compound, which is preferably a halide. The additional introduction of indium, preferably in the form of a halide, into the discharge vessel also has an advantageous effect. The strong indium lines at 325.6 and 325.8 nm clearly contribute towards increasing the emitted energy in the required region of the spectrum.
The effect of considerable contraction of the column, known from investigations of various rare earth metal iodides in buffer vapours, for example
Dyl3 in mercury, do not occur when lutetium was used. It proved possible to discharge lutetium into the mercury vapour in a stable manner for a prolonged period of time.
The temperature profile of the discharge can also be further flattened with caesium and/or rubidium and/or potassium and/or a compound of these elements, which has a positive influence on the emergence of ultra-violet radiation from the column.
It has also proved advantageous, for the long term stability of the lamp according to the present invention, when the electrodes, which normally consist of pure or thoriated tungsten, contain lutetium oxide.
The following Examples are given for the purpose of illustrating the present invention: Example 1
A discharge vessel of silica glass or ultra-violet permeable ceramic with an internal diameter of 12.5 mm. and an electrode distance of 25 mm.
was filled with 4000 Pa of argon, 20 mg. of mercury and 3 mg. of lutetium iodide (flu13).
After a warming up time of 1 5 minutes on a 220 V mains supply with an appropriate connecting device, a power of 250 W was obtained at a voltage of 11 5 V on the radiator.
The radiation emitted was made up of the known lines of mercury and the spectrum of lutetium, consisting of many lines. A large proportion of the energy was emitted in the frequently desired spectral region of from 320 to 340 nm. Since radiation was produced very efficiently even beyond 340 nm, a radiator of this kind could be used either as a wide band radiator or, with appropriate filters, as a radiation source for emission in predetermined limited spectral regions.
Example 2
A discharge vessel of silica glass or ultra-violetpermeable ceramic with an internal diameter of 22 mm. and electrodes containing lutetium oxide (Lu203) as the emitter and with an electrode distance of 85 nm was filled with 2500 Pa of argon, 45 mg. of mercury, 3 mg. of lutetium, 13 mg. of mercury iodide (Hgl2) and 5 mg. of rubidium iodide.
After a warming up time of 30 minutes on a 220 V mains supply with an appropriate connecting device, a power of 1 kW was obtained at a voltage of 11 5 V on the radiator. The discharge was diffuse, producing particularly satisfactory conditions for the excitation and emergence of the ultra-violet radiation.
Example 3
A discharge vessel of silica glass or ultra-violetpermeable ceramic with an internal diameter of 25 mm. and an electrode distance of 125 mm.
was filled with 2500 Pa of argon, 175 mg. of mercury, 1 5 mg. of lutetium iodide, 1 mg. of indium iodide (Inl) and 7 mg. of caesium iodide.
After a warming up time of 15 minutes on a 380 V mains supply with an appropriate connecting device, a power of 2 kW was obtained at a voltage of 230 V on the radiator. The discharge was diffuse, the radiation perceptible as light being bluish. The addition of indium gave the spectrum additional lines at 325 nm, so that almost continuous radiation energy was available from 325 to 340 nm and beyond. Since the emitted radiation was produced with high efficiency, high irradiation strengths could also be obtained, even after possibly necessary filtering.
Such radiators were extremely useful for the selective phototherapy of skin diseases.
Example 4
An electrical discharge vessel of silica glass having an internal diameter of 15 mm. and an electrode distance of 2.5 mm. was filled with 7000 Pa of argon, 70 mg. of mercury, 2 mg. of lutetium iodide, 0.5 mg. of potassium iodide and 0.1-mg. of indium iodide.
After a warming up time of 15 minutes on a 220 V mains supply with an appropriate connecting device, a power of 200 W was obtained at a voltage of 55 V on the radiator. A favourable spectrum was observed similar to those of the preceding Examples. The emitted radiation could be particularly satisfactorily concentrated due to the small distance between the electrodes of this discharge.
Claims (8)
1. An electric discharge lamp for irradiation purposes, comprising a discharge vessel which transmits ultra-violet radiation, electrodes, a noble gas filling and at least one buffer gas or buffer vapour, wherein the discharge vessel contains lutetium and/or a lutetium compound.
2. An electric discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the lutetium compound is a lutetium halide.
3. An electric discharge lamp according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge vessel contains at least one further metal or metal compound.
4. An electric discharge lamp according to claim 3, wherein the further metal compound is a halide.
5. An electric discharge lamp according to claim 3, wherein the discharge vessel contains indium and/or an indium compound, in addition to the lutetium and/or lutetium compound.
6. An electric discharge lamp according to claim 3, wherein the discharge vessel contains caesium and/or rubidium and/or potassium and/or a compound of those elements in addition to the lutetium or the lutetium compound.
7. An electric discharge lamp according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the electrodes disposed in the discharge vessel contain lutetium oxide.
8. An electric discharge lamp according to claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described and exemplified.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD21399879A DD144479A1 (en) | 1979-06-29 | 1979-06-29 | ELECTRIC DISCHARGE LAMP FOR IRRADIATION PURPOSES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2053562A true GB2053562A (en) | 1981-02-04 |
| GB2053562B GB2053562B (en) | 1983-11-30 |
Family
ID=5518973
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8020680A Expired GB2053562B (en) | 1979-06-29 | 1980-06-24 | Discharge lamp |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5650048A (en) |
| DD (1) | DD144479A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3024691A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2053562B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0377899A3 (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1991-05-15 | Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Lighting discharge lamp |
| EP0389907A3 (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1991-10-09 | Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Lighting lamp |
| EP0634780A1 (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1995-01-18 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Metal halide discharge lamp, illumination optical apparatus, and image display system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3151494A1 (en) * | 1981-12-24 | 1983-07-21 | Mutzhas Maximilian F | METHOD FOR PHOTOTHERAPY OF DERMATOSES, ESPECIALLY PSORIASIS |
| DE3737605A1 (en) * | 1987-11-05 | 1989-05-18 | Mutzhas Maximilian F | Ultraviolet fluorescent lamp without any UV-B radiation |
-
1979
- 1979-06-29 DD DD21399879A patent/DD144479A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1980
- 1980-06-24 GB GB8020680A patent/GB2053562B/en not_active Expired
- 1980-06-27 JP JP8671080A patent/JPS5650048A/en active Pending
- 1980-06-30 DE DE19803024691 patent/DE3024691A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0377899A3 (en) * | 1989-01-12 | 1991-05-15 | Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Lighting discharge lamp |
| EP0389907A3 (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1991-10-09 | Ushio Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Lighting lamp |
| EP0634780A1 (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1995-01-18 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Metal halide discharge lamp, illumination optical apparatus, and image display system |
| US5512800A (en) * | 1993-07-13 | 1996-04-30 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Long life metal halide lamp and an illumination optical apparatus and image display system using same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DD144479A1 (en) | 1980-10-15 |
| GB2053562B (en) | 1983-11-30 |
| DE3024691A1 (en) | 1981-02-19 |
| JPS5650048A (en) | 1981-05-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |