GB2052094A - Liquid fuel pumping apparatus - Google Patents
Liquid fuel pumping apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2052094A GB2052094A GB8015029A GB8015029A GB2052094A GB 2052094 A GB2052094 A GB 2052094A GB 8015029 A GB8015029 A GB 8015029A GB 8015029 A GB8015029 A GB 8015029A GB 2052094 A GB2052094 A GB 2052094A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- levers
- lever
- fuel
- spring
- engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D1/00—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
- F02D1/02—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered
- F02D1/04—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered by mechanical means dependent on engine speed, e.g. using centrifugal governors
- F02D1/045—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered by mechanical means dependent on engine speed, e.g. using centrifugal governors characterised by arrangement of springs or weights
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D1/00—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type
- F02D1/02—Controlling fuel-injection pumps, e.g. of high pressure injection type not restricted to adjustment of injection timing, e.g. varying amount of fuel delivered
- F02D1/08—Transmission of control impulse to pump control, e.g. with power drive or power assistance
- F02D1/10—Transmission of control impulse to pump control, e.g. with power drive or power assistance mechanical
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
- F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
- F02M59/447—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston means specially adapted to limit fuel delivery or to supply excess of fuel temporarily, e.g. for starting of the engine
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
Abstract
To provide excess fuel for starting internal combustion engines a liquid fuel pumping apparatus comprises a fuel pump 10 having an axially movable quantity control member 11 connected to one end of a first lever 12 which is pivoted about a fixed axis 13. An engine speed responsive device 15 acts on the lever and a second lever 16 is provided and pivoted about the said axis. A governor spring 17 acts upon the second lever in the opposite direction to the force exerted on the first lever by the speed responsive device. After starting with lever 16 in contact with a stop 19, spring 20 is compressed by the speed sensor 15 as speed increases until magnets 22, 23 make mutual contact so that thereafter the levers move in unison until the fuel pump is stopped with the loss of sensor force so that the spring 20 overcomes the magnetic force to separate the levers ready for starting again. The magnets may be replaced in a second embodiment by a spring (26) and hook (25) Fig. 2 (not shown). <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION Liquid fuel pumping apparatus
This invention relates to a liquid fuel pumping
apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal
combustion engine and of the kind including a fuel
pump having a quantity control member movable
in one direction to increase the amount of fuel
supplied by the pump and in the other direction to
reduce the amount of fuel supplied by the pump,
first means responsive to the speed of operation of
the pump for effecting movement of the member
in said other direction, a governor spring acting in
opposition to said means, manually operable
means for varying the force exerted by the
governor spring and a stop acting to limit the
maximum amount of fuel which can be supplied
by the pump in use.
With such an apparatus it is necessary to
provide for an amount of fuel in excess of the
normal maximum, to be delivered to the engine for
starting purposes. In many cases this excess
supply of fuel should continue until after starting,
the engine has accelerated to a predetermined
speed above its normal idling speed. Thereafter
the excess supply must cease even when the
engine speed drops to its idling speed, in order to
avoid emission of smoke in the engine exhaust.
Various proposals have been made to achieve the supply of the excess fuel and to fulfill the
requirements set out. In general the known
arrangements are of a mechanical nature
employing movable stops or of a hydromechanical nature. The known systems must be carefully constructed in order to ensure that they function in a reliable manner.
The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus of this kind specified in a simple and convenient form.
According to the invention an apparatus of the kind specified comprises a pair of levers pivotally mounted about a common axis and movable relative to each other, one of said levers being connected to said control member and to said means responsive to the pump speed, the other lever being connected to said governor spring, said stop being positioned to be contacted by said other lever to limit the movement of the other lever under the action of said governor spring, and second means acting intermediate said levers, said second means producing a force acting to separate said levers, the force exerted by said second means reducing as the levers move towards each other under the action of said first means, the arrangement being such that when the apparatus is at rest the levers will be moved away from said fixed relative position by the second means so that said one lever can move the control member to a position in which the excess of fuel is supplied and as the engine speed increases following starting of the engine, the levers will be moved towards each other, to said fixed relative position and will be retained in said position by the action of the first means even when the engine speed subsequently falls to its idling value, said second means separating said levers only in the event that the engine is stopped.
Two examples of fuel pumping apparatus in accordance with the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawings.
Referring to Figure 1 of the drawings an example of a fuel pump is indicated at 10 the pump being for example, of the "in-line type" that is to say it comprises a number of individual injection pumps which are operated by cams respectively mounted on a shaft which is driven by an associated engine. The individual injection pumps are connected to a fuel quantity control member which is indicated at 11 and which is axially movable to vary the quantity of fuel supplied by the pumps during the injection strokes thereof.
The quantity control member 11 is pivotally connected to one end of a lever 12 which is pivotally mounted at 13. The other end of the lever is engaged by the output member 14 of a speed responsive mechanism generally indicated at 1 5 and comprising a plurality of governor weights mounted within a cage not shown. The cage conveniently is mounted upon the drive shaft of the pump and in operation, as the shaft rotates the weights will move outwardly and impart axial movement to the output member 14. This axial movement will through the lever 12, result in axial movement of the control member 11 in a direction to reduce the quantity of fuel delivered by the injection pumps.
A second lever 1 6 is provided and it is pivotally mounted about the same pivot axis as the lever 12 conveniently the lever 1 6 is cranked. The lever 1 6 is connected to one end of a governor spring 1 7 the other end of which is connected to a manually operable lever 18. Moreover, a stop 19 is provided which is engageable with the lever 1 6 to limit the extent of movement of the lever 1 6 under the action of the spring 17.
Acting between the levers is a resilient means in the form of a coiled compression spring 20 and furthermore, located between the levers is a magne:ic means 21 which comprises a magnet 22 secured to one of the levers and a ferrous member 23 secured to the other lever. Conveniently the magnet 22 and first member 23 are enclosed within a rubber or like bellows 24 which may be filled with a liquid. The purpose of the bellows is to prevent ferrous particles collecting on the magnet and ferrous member.
The setting of the various parts shown in the drawing is the setting assumed when the engine is at rest. It will be noted that the spring 20 has moved the levers 12 and 1 6 relative to each other with the result that although the lever 16 is in contact with the stop 19, additional movement has been imparted to the quantity control member 11 such that an excess of fuel will be obtained upon starting of the engine. In the rest position the governor weights are moved inwardly their maximum extent. When the engine starts the weights will begin to move outwardly and the practical effect is that the spring 20 will be compressed.No movement will be imparted to the lever 16 because of the force exerted by the governor spring however as compression of the spring 20 takes place the lever 12 will move in the clockwise direction and will effect a reduction in the amount of fuel supplied to the engine. As movement of the lever 12 takes place the gap between the magnet 22 and the ferrous member 23 will decrease and therefore the attraction force between these two components will increase. At the same tirne however as the spring 20 is compressed there will be a slight increase in the force which it exerts. The net force separating the two levers will tend to decrease as the levers move towards each other.
As the engine speed continues to rise a point will be reached at which the force exerted by the spring 20 is overcome by the force exerted by the governor weights and also by the attraction force developed between the magnet 22 and the ferrous member 23. The two levers will then be
held in a fixed relative position and will thereafter
move as a single lever. The practical effect is that
the stop 1 9 now determines the maximum
amount of fuel which can be supplied to the
engine and the normal governing action will take
place. As therefore the engine speed increases for
a given force exerted by the governor spring 17,
the weights will gradually move outwardly to effect a reduction in the amount of fuel supplied to the engine thereby governing the speed of the
engine.If the force exerted by the governor spring
is reduced as by movement of the lever 18, then the engine speed will gradually fall. If the lever 18 is
moved to the idling position, the engine speed will
assume its idling value but even at idling speed, a force will be generated by the governor weights which in conjunction with the attraction between
the magnet 22 and the ferrous member is
sufficient to maintain the spring 20 in its
compressed state. If however the engine is
stopped then the force exerted by the weights
disappears and it is arranged that the force
exerted by the spring 20 is higher than that which
can be exerted by the magnet 22 with the result
that the two levers move relative to each other
under action of the spring 20 to the position
shown in the drawing.
The practical effect is that an excess of fuel is
obtained for starting purposes and the excess of
fuel is maintained as the engine accelerates to
above its normal idling speed. At some
predetermined speed above the idling speed the
levers are locked together by the action of the
attraction force of the magnet and the ferrous
member and thereafter so long as the engine is
kept running the levers are locked together even
when the speed of the engine falls to its idling
speed. When the engine stops however the force
exerted by the spring 20 overcomes the attraction
force between the magnet and the ferrous
member and the levers move to the position shown in the drawing in which an excess of fuel will be supplied when the engine is started.
It will be appreciated that the spring 20 together with the magnet 22 and the ferrous member 23 form a combination the force exerted by which in the direction to oppose movement of the levers 12, 1 6 towards each other decreases the closer the levers are to each other. A similar effect can be obtained by using a spring and such a construction is shown in Figure 2.
In Figure 2 the parts which have the same function have the same reference numerals as the parts in figure 1. As will be seen lever 1 6 mounts a leaf spring support 25. This extends along the side of the lever 1 6 and is adjustably mounted thereon.
The support has a hook iike end portion which extends through a slot in the lever and mounted on the end portion is a leaf spring 26. The spring 26 extends rearwardly towards the pivot 13 but engages the lever 12 at a position removed from the pivot. As shown the free end of the spring engages a projection 27 mounted on the lever but the free end of the spring could be curled for sliding engagement with the lever 1 6. In the former case when the engine is started the force exerted by the spring 26 opposes the force exerted by the mechanism 1 5 and the levers will remain in the relative position shown until the force exerted by the mechanism exceeds the force exerted by the spring. As the levers move towards each other the curvature of the spring 26 will increase but the line of action will move closer to the pivot 13 so that the actual force exerted between the levers reduces as the levers move closer. A stop 28 is provided to prevent the line of action passing through the pivot axis. In the second case the spring 26 will be stressed as the levers move towards each other but its point of contact with the lever 12 will move closer to the pivot so that the force exerted between the levers decreases.
The leaf spring in the arrangement shown in
Figure 2 can be replaced by a coiled compression spring which is located about a guide rod carried by one of the levers and passing through an aperture in the other. The guide rod acts to prevent bending of the spring along its length so that as the levers move towards each other the spring will be compressed.
Claims (8)
1. A liquid fuel pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine and of the kind comprising a fuel pump having a quantity control member movable in one direction to increase the amount of fuel supplied by the pump and in the other direction to reduce the amount of fuel supplied by the pump, first means responsive to the speed of operation of the pump for effecting movement of the member in said other direction, a governor spring acting in opposition to said means, manually operable means for varying the force exerted by the governor spring, a stop acting to limit the maximum amount of fuel which can be supplied by the pump in use, a pair of levers pivotally mounted about a common axis and movable relative to each other, one of said levers being connected to said control member and to said means responsive to the pump speed, the other lever being connected to said governor spring, said stop being positioned to be contacted by said other lever to limit the movement of the other lever under the action of said governor spring, and second means acting intermediate said levers, said second means producing a force acting to separate said levers, the force exerted by said second means reducing as the levers move towards each other under the action of said first means, the arrangement being such that when the apparatus is at rest the levers will be moved away from said fixed relative position by the second means so that said one lever can move the control member to a position in which the excess of fuel is supplied and as the engine speed increases following starting of the engine, the levers will be moved towards each other, to said fixed relative position and will be retained in said position by the action of the first means even when the engine speed subsequently falls to its idling value, said second means separating said levers only in the event that the engine is stopped.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 in which
said second means comprises a compression
spring positioned between said levers to effect
separation thereof and a magnet carried by one of
the levers and a ferrous member carried on the
other of said levers at a position to be attracted by
said magnet, the net force created by said means
and acting to separate the levers decreasing as the
levers move towards each other.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 in which
. @ said second means comprises a resilient member mounted on one of said levers at a first position removed from said axis, said resilient member extending into engagement with the other lever at a second position nearer to said axis than said first position.
4. An apparatus according to claim 3 in which said second position is a fixed position defined by a projection on said other lever, the apparatus including a stop carried by one of the levers engageable by the other lever and which acts to prevent the line of action of the resilient member passing through said axis.
5. An apparatus according to claim 3 or claim 4 in which said resilient member comprises a leaf spring.
6. An apparatus according to claim 3 in which said second position is a variable position and moves towards said axis as the levers move towards each other and in which said resilient member is a leaf spring.
7. A liquid fuel pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.
8. A liquid fuel pumping apparatus for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine comprising the combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinbefóre described with reference to Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8015029A GB2052094B (en) | 1979-06-26 | 1980-05-06 | Liquid fuel pumping apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7922172 | 1979-06-26 | ||
| GB8015029A GB2052094B (en) | 1979-06-26 | 1980-05-06 | Liquid fuel pumping apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2052094A true GB2052094A (en) | 1981-01-21 |
| GB2052094B GB2052094B (en) | 1983-06-08 |
Family
ID=26271966
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8015029A Expired GB2052094B (en) | 1979-06-26 | 1980-05-06 | Liquid fuel pumping apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2052094B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3314735A1 (en) * | 1982-05-01 | 1983-11-03 | Lucas Industries Ltd., Birmingham, West Midlands | REGULATOR ARRANGEMENT FOR AN INJECTION PUMP |
| GB2152237A (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-07-31 | Piaggio & C Spa | A centrifugal governor for an internal combustion engine |
| GB2168171A (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1986-06-11 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co | Governor for a fuel injection pump |
| WO1986004644A1 (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-08-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Air-fuel ratio control system having a fluid-powered broken-link mechanism |
-
1980
- 1980-05-06 GB GB8015029A patent/GB2052094B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3314735A1 (en) * | 1982-05-01 | 1983-11-03 | Lucas Industries Ltd., Birmingham, West Midlands | REGULATOR ARRANGEMENT FOR AN INJECTION PUMP |
| FR2526085A1 (en) * | 1982-05-01 | 1983-11-04 | Lucas Ind Plc | REGULATING MECHANISM FOR A FUEL PUMP |
| GB2152237A (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-07-31 | Piaggio & C Spa | A centrifugal governor for an internal combustion engine |
| GB2168171A (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1986-06-11 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co | Governor for a fuel injection pump |
| WO1986004644A1 (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-08-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Air-fuel ratio control system having a fluid-powered broken-link mechanism |
| US4640247A (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1987-02-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Air-fuel ratio control system having a fluid-powered broken-link mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2052094B (en) | 1983-06-08 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |