GB2048451A - Tubular heat exchangers - Google Patents
Tubular heat exchangers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2048451A GB2048451A GB8012300A GB8012300A GB2048451A GB 2048451 A GB2048451 A GB 2048451A GB 8012300 A GB8012300 A GB 8012300A GB 8012300 A GB8012300 A GB 8012300A GB 2048451 A GB2048451 A GB 2048451A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- tubes
- tube
- trough portion
- tank
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
- F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
- F28F9/0226—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers with resilient gaskets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
- F28F21/067—Details
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0091—Radiators
- F28D2021/0094—Radiators for recooling the engine coolant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
- F28F2225/04—Reinforcing means for conduits
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
A heat exchanger, typically a radiator for engine-cooling water, has oval or quasi-rectangular tubes (13) extending between the header plates (12) of header tanks. The tubes are prevented from inward bowing or collapse at the junction between each tube and the header plate by inserts (15) extending into the tube ends. The inserts (15) are supported by the header tank and may be connected together to form a comb-like structure, with each point of the comb inserted in a tube end. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Improvements in heat exchangers
This invention relates to improvements in heat exchangers. It is particularly concerned with heat exchangers or radiators which are used in conjunction with internal combustion engines for cooling water or oil.
Elastomer gaskets or grommets for the tube/header plate joints have been proposed for use with heat exchangers or radiators which employ tubes which are of quasi-rectangular or oval shaped cross-section. Tubes of this shape have improved heat exchange characteristics as compared with tubes of circular cross-section due to the particular air flow configuration around them. Unfortunately one of the effects of the hydraulic pressure inside the header tank of the radiator and the tubes is to deflect the long sides of the quasirectangular tubes inwardly, thereby removing the local compression of the elastomer gasket and permitting the tube to tank joint to leak at these points.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved heat exchanger or radiator which alleviates this particular problem.
According to the present invention a heat exchanger comprises a core of tubes extending between header tanks, each tank comprising a header plate portion adapted to receive the ends of the tubes and a trough portion sealedly connected to or integral with the header plate portion, and reinforcing elements for the tubes which extend into the tubes from within the tank, said elements being supported by the trough portion of the tank.
The trough portion is typically U-shaped, although the trough portion and the header plate portion may in some circumstances be more D-shaped. The trough section is preferably of moulded plastics construction and the reinforcing elements may be formed integrally with the trough section. Alternatively, either or both of the trough section and the reinforcing elements may be made of metal.
The reinforcing elements may be made separately from the trough portion and abut the trough portion or a projection extending from the trough portion. The reinforcing elements
may be located by a spacer which is in turn supported by the trough portion.
Where the reinforcing elements are formed separately from the trough portion, the reinforcing elements for respective adjacent tubes may be joined to form a comb structure with each tooth of the comb extending into a respective tube. If there are two or more banks of tubes in the core each bank may be provided with one or more combs, each comb
being supported by the trough portion.
The tubes are preferably rectangular or quasi-rectangular cross-section. The reinforcing elements preferably extend substantially across the shorter cross-sectional dimension of the tubes; but only along part of the longer cross-sectional dimension of the tubes. There may be more than one reinforcing element extending into each tube.
An elastomer seal may extend between each tube end and a corresponding orifice in the header plate portion, which seal is compressed when the tube is passed through the orifice during assembly of the heat exchanger.
The tube reinforcing elements preferably extend into the tubes to at least the level at which the header plate and elastomer seal engage the tubes. The reinforcing elements may typically be of quasi-rectangular crosssection where they extend into the tubes. The reinforcing elements may taper along their length, or may be stepped at a position along their length to provide a shoulder which rests on the tube end, thereby determining the depth to which each element enters its respective tube, and also ensuring it is pushed against its respective support on the trough portion of the tank. The reinforcing element may also be tapered at the end which is inserted into a tube in order to facilitate its entry into the tube.
The invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is an end elevation in section of part of a heat exchanger according to the invention,
Figure 2 is a side elevation in section of the heat exchanger of Fig. 1,
Figure 3 is an end elevation in section of part of a second embodiment of the invention,
Figure 4 is an end elevation in section of part of a third embodiment of the invention, and
Figure 5 is an end elevation in section of part of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
The heat exchanger, or radiator, shown in
Figs. 1 and 2 comprises an upper header tank 10 with two banks of tubes 1 3 extending to a lower header tank (not shown). The banks of tubes 1 3 are provided with fins 30 or serpentine lengths of strip 31 which improve the heat exchange properties of the radiator. Fluid to be cooled normally passes through the tubes from the upper header tank 10 to the lower header tank whilst a second, lower temperature, fluid passes between the tubes 13.
Each tube 1 3 has a cross-section of quasirectangular shape ie it is not a perfect rectangle, the long sides (seen in Fig. 1) being bowed slightly and the corners rounded. The tubes 1 3 are of metal construction, typically brass or aluminium, and at each end project through a header plate 1 2. The header plate 1 2 forms part of the header tank 10 and in this example the header plate 1 2 is integral with a longitudinally extending trough portion
11 of tank 10, which is moulded from plastics material.The tubes 1 3 at their upper ends pass through appropriate holes made in the header plate 1 2. Sealing between the tubes 1 3 and the plate 1 2 is provided by a shaped elastomeric gasket 1 4 which is preformed so that it provides an annular seal for each tube 1 3 extending through its respective hole in header plate 1 2.
A spacer 1 6 which is of inverted U-shape when seen in cross-section (see Fig. 1) ex- tends inside header tank 1 0. The spacer 16, which may be made in metal or plastics material, is provided with a wedge shaped abutment 1 7 on its upper surface which engages a corresponding recess 1 8 extending along the upper inside wall of the trough portion 11 thereby holding the spacer 1 6 in place.The two arms of the U of the spacer 1 6 extend respectively along the centre lines of two banks of tubes 1 3 and at their free ends each receives a comb 1 5 (of metal or plastics material) the teeth or reinforcing elements of which extend into each tube 1 3. The teeth of comb 1 5 have a taper 1 9 at their lower ends which enables them to be fitted more easily into the ends of tubes 13, and a stepped or tapering shoulder 20 which abuts the tube end and causes the comb 1 5 to be pushed firmly into engagement with spacer 1 6. Each shoulder 20 is joined to the next tooth or reinforcing element by an arched portion 21.
The teeth of comb 1 5 extend into the ends of tubes 1 3 to a level just below that of the lower surface of gasket 14. Above the tapered end portion 1 9 they have substantially parallel sides up to the shoulder 20 and extend across the width of tubes 1 3 (see Fig. 2) acting to support the longer walls of tubes 1 3 against collapse at least over part of their ends. This reinforcement of the tube ends is thus easily manufactured and assembled. If necessary, the combs 1 5 can be initially fixed in position within tank 10 by sliding them into the tank 10 inclined relative to the direction which the combs 1 5 eventually assume.
In the alternative arrangement shown in
Fig. 3, the tank 10 is of different shape and construction from that previously described.
The plastics trough portion 11 is made separately from the sheet metal header plate 1 2 and is joined thereto by a flange 22 on plate 1 2 which is crimped around a shoulder on the trough portion 11. Fluid-tight sealing is ensured between the header plate 1 2 and the trough portion 11 by an elastomeric perimeter seal 23 which is compressed under the crimping action.
A comb 1 5 similar to that previously described extends into the ends of tubes 13, but in Fig. 3 it is supported by a protrusion 29 which is an integral part of the trough portion moulding. This has the same effect as the spacer 1 6 of Figs. 1 and 2, but it can be more easily made and assembled. On projection 29 is provided for each bank of tubes 1 3.
In the examples of Figs. 4 and 5 the toothed comb 1 5 is formed integrally as part of the trough portion 11 in plastics material.
The plastics header plate 1 2 shown in Fig. 4 with the tubes 1 3 already positioned in it is either welded or adhesively bonded to the trough portion 11 during the assembly of the tube banks plus header plate to the trough portion 11. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 5, a metal header plate 1 2 is clinched over the rim of the trough portion 11 during assembly of the tube bank to the header tank 10. A single piece gasket 24 is employed which forms both a fluid-tight seal between the header plate 1 2 and the trough portion 11, and between the end of tube 1 3 and the header plate 12, thereby avoiding the need for two sets of sealing arrangement. The tubes 13, gasket 24 and header plate 1 2 are assembled together before being clinched to the trough portion 11.
Although the invention is shown as applied to a two-tube bank radiator, it is equally applicable to radiators with one, or more than two, banks of tubes. Furthermore, although a comb is provided for each bank of tubes in the examples, there may be more than one comb per bank, or alternatively each reinforcing element (tooth in the case of a comb) may be separately supported by the trough portion of the bank without any other interlinking between the elements, In all cases the reinforcing element is positioned in its respective tube after or during the assembly of the tube to the header tank.
Claims (11)
1. A heat exchanger comprising a core of tubes extending between header tanks, in which each tank comprises a header plate portion adapted to receive the ends of the tubes and a trough portion sealedly connected to or integral with the header plate portion, and reenforcing elements for the tubes extending into the tubes from within the tank, said element being supported by the trough portion of the tank.
2. A heat exchanger as claimed in Claim 1 in which the trough portion of the tank is Ushaped.
3. A heat exchanger as claimed in Claim 1
or Claim 2 in which the trough section is of
moulded plastics construction.
4. A heat exchanger as claimed in any
preceding claim in which the reinforcing ele
ments are made of plastics material and are formed integrally with the trough portion.
5. A heat exchanger as claimed in any one
of Claims 1 to 3 in which the reinforcing
elements are made separately from the trough
portion, and in use abut the trough portion or
a projection extending from the trough por
tion.
6. A heat exchanger as claimed in Claim 5
in which the projection may include a spacer.
7. A heat exchanger as claimed in Claim 5 or Claim 6 in which the reinforcing elements for respective adjacent tubes are joined to form a comb structure with each tooth of the comb extending into a respective tube.
8. A heat exchanger as claimed in any preceding claim in which the tubes are of rectangular or quasi-rectangular cross-section, and the reinforcing elements extend substantially across the shorter cross-sectional dimension of the tubes, but only along part of the longer cross-sectional dimension of the tubes.
9. A heat exchanger as claimed in any preceding claim in which an elastomer seal extends between each tube end and a corresponding orifice in the header plate portion, which seal is compressed when the tube is passed through the orifice during assembly of the heat exchanger.
10. A heat exchanger as claimed in any preceding claim in which the reinforcing elements taper along their length, or are stepped at a position along their length to provide a shoulder which rests on the tube end, thereby determining the depth to which each element abuts its respective tube, and also ensuring that it is pushed against its respective support on the trough portion of the tank.
11. A heat exchanger as claimed in any preceding claim in which the reinforcing element is tapered at the end which is inserted into a tube in order to facilitate its entry into the tube.
1 2. A heat exchanger according to Claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8012300A GB2048451B (en) | 1979-04-21 | 1980-04-15 | Tubular heat exchangers |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7913964 | 1979-04-21 | ||
| GB8012300A GB2048451B (en) | 1979-04-21 | 1980-04-15 | Tubular heat exchangers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2048451A true GB2048451A (en) | 1980-12-10 |
| GB2048451B GB2048451B (en) | 1983-01-26 |
Family
ID=26271299
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8012300A Expired GB2048451B (en) | 1979-04-21 | 1980-04-15 | Tubular heat exchangers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2048451B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2502318A1 (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1982-09-24 | Valeo | DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING A TURBULATOR IN A TUBE OF A HEAT EXCHANGER |
| FR2690229A1 (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-22 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | A heat exchanger of the type comprising a finned tube bundle and a water box header assembly. |
| US5535821A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1996-07-16 | Valeo Thermique Moteur | Heat exchanger especially for a motor vehicle |
| EP1764570A1 (en) * | 2005-09-17 | 2007-03-21 | Modine Manufacturing Company | All-metal heat exchanger |
| US7461689B2 (en) * | 2004-06-01 | 2008-12-09 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Thermal cycling resistant tube to header joint for heat exchangers |
| CN100585318C (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2010-01-27 | 株式会社电装 | A heat exchanger |
| DE102008039516A1 (en) * | 2008-08-23 | 2010-02-25 | Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine | Heat exchanger i.e. fully-metal heat exchanger, for use in motor vehicle, has incisor shaped projection whose array is engaged at region of narrow side of flat tube and another array is engaged at region of another narrow side of tube |
| US20110088884A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-04-21 | Luis Amaya | Header Plate And Heat Exchanger Comprising Same |
| FR3056723A1 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-03-30 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | THERMAL EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2011201083B2 (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2013-12-05 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Heat exchanger and method of manufacturing the same |
| US9309839B2 (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2016-04-12 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Heat exchanger and method of manufacturing the same |
-
1980
- 1980-04-15 GB GB8012300A patent/GB2048451B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2502318A1 (en) * | 1981-03-23 | 1982-09-24 | Valeo | DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING A TURBULATOR IN A TUBE OF A HEAT EXCHANGER |
| FR2690229A1 (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-22 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | A heat exchanger of the type comprising a finned tube bundle and a water box header assembly. |
| EP0567397A1 (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-10-27 | Valeo Thermique Moteur | Heat-exchanger having a finned tube bundle and a header box |
| US5311934A (en) * | 1992-04-21 | 1994-05-17 | Valeo Thermique Moteur | Heat exchanger of the type comprising a finned tube bundle and a header comprising a header plate and a header casing |
| US5535821A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1996-07-16 | Valeo Thermique Moteur | Heat exchanger especially for a motor vehicle |
| US7461689B2 (en) * | 2004-06-01 | 2008-12-09 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Thermal cycling resistant tube to header joint for heat exchangers |
| EP1764570A1 (en) * | 2005-09-17 | 2007-03-21 | Modine Manufacturing Company | All-metal heat exchanger |
| CN100585318C (en) * | 2005-12-09 | 2010-01-27 | 株式会社电装 | A heat exchanger |
| US20110088884A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2011-04-21 | Luis Amaya | Header Plate And Heat Exchanger Comprising Same |
| US9016357B2 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2015-04-28 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Header plate and heat exchanger comprising same |
| DE102008039516A1 (en) * | 2008-08-23 | 2010-02-25 | Modine Manufacturing Co., Racine | Heat exchanger i.e. fully-metal heat exchanger, for use in motor vehicle, has incisor shaped projection whose array is engaged at region of narrow side of flat tube and another array is engaged at region of another narrow side of tube |
| FR3056723A1 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-03-30 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | THERMAL EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE |
| WO2018060621A1 (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-05 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2048451B (en) | 1983-01-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |