GB1237095A - Production of xerographic toner particles - Google Patents
Production of xerographic toner particlesInfo
- Publication number
- GB1237095A GB1237095A GB28748/68A GB2874868A GB1237095A GB 1237095 A GB1237095 A GB 1237095A GB 28748/68 A GB28748/68 A GB 28748/68A GB 2874868 A GB2874868 A GB 2874868A GB 1237095 A GB1237095 A GB 1237095A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- vinyl
- styrene
- sodium
- toner particles
- droplets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophenol Chemical compound SC1=CC=CC=C1 RMVRSNDYEFQCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 3
- PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexanethiol Chemical compound CCCCCCS PMBXCGGQNSVESQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanethiol Chemical compound CCCCS WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- GSFSVEDCYBDIGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-6-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 GSFSVEDCYBDIGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004159 Potassium persulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004133 Sodium thiosulphate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- HKOOXMFOFWEVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylhydrazine Chemical compound NNC1=CC=CC=C1 HKOOXMFOFWEVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940067157 phenylhydrazine Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004289 sodium hydrogen sulphite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004296 sodium metabisulphite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- BVPRDJDJPZQSIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracosane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS BVPRDJDJPZQSIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0815—Post-treatment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0804—Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium
- G03G9/0806—Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium whereby chemical synthesis of at least one of the toner components takes place
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/09—Colouring agents for toner particles
- G03G9/0906—Organic dyes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
Abstract
1,237,095. Producing xerographic toner particles. RANK XEROX Ltd. 17 June, 1968 [19 June, 1967], No. 28748/68. Heading C3P. [Also in Division G2] Spherical xerographic toner particles are prepared by forming an aqueous emulsion comprising water, surfactant, vinyl monomer material and at least one chain transfer agent; converting the emulsion to a latex by polymerizing the vinyl monomer in the presence of an initiator to form a polymer having a Tg value of 30-85‹ C. and a weight average molecular weight between 10,000 and 500,000; forming from the latex a spray-drying mixture which includes a colourant and the solids content of which is not more than 20% by weight; atomizing the spray drying mixture to form small droplets suspended in a gas; maintaining the droplets in suspension in the gas while applying heat until the water in the droplets is caused to coalesce and entrap the colourant included in the droplets; and collecting the resulting dry toner particles. Many examples of vinyl monomers are listed; in the specific examples illustrated the following monomer combinations are polymerized (a) styrene and n-butyl methacrylate, (b) styrene and vinyl acetate, (c) vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride, (d) vinyl chloride and methyl acrylate, (e) vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride, (f) styrene and ethyl methacrylate, and (g) styrene and ethyl acrylate, using as initiator ammonium or potassium persulphate or hydrogen peroxide/peracetic acid with or without a reducing agent (sodium metabisulphite, sodium bisulphite or sodium thiosulphate) and, as chain transfer agent, butyl mercaptan, hexyl mercaptan, lauryl (dodecyl) mercaptan, thiophenol or thio-#-naphthol. Suitable colourants include carbon black, titanium dioxide and various organic dyes. The colourant may be added before or after the polymerization step. Conventional short-stop compounds, e.g. sodium polysulphide, sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate, hydroquinone or phenylhydrazine, can be used if desired.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US64721867A | 1967-06-19 | 1967-06-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1237095A true GB1237095A (en) | 1971-06-30 |
Family
ID=24596116
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB28748/68A Expired GB1237095A (en) | 1967-06-19 | 1968-06-17 | Production of xerographic toner particles |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3502582A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1772669A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1569382A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1237095A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL6808638A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2515665A1 (en) * | 1974-04-10 | 1975-10-30 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | TONER FOR DEVELOPING LATENT ELECTROSTATIC IMAGES |
Families Citing this family (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3919110A (en) * | 1968-12-23 | 1975-11-11 | Champion Int Corp | Colored organic synthetic pigments and method for producing same |
| US3876610A (en) * | 1969-07-25 | 1975-04-08 | Agfa Gevaert Nv | Manufacture of an electrostatic toner material |
| US4027048A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1977-05-31 | Xerox Corporation | Electrostatographic development |
| BE792115A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1973-05-30 | Xerox Corp | ELECTROSTATOGRAPHIC DEVELOPER |
| US3893935A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1975-07-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | Electrographic toner and developer composition |
| DE2360179C2 (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1982-10-21 | Xerox Corp., 14644 Rochester, N.Y. | Electrostatographic toner |
| JPS5123354B2 (en) * | 1973-01-16 | 1976-07-16 | ||
| US4013615A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1977-03-22 | Tekkosha Co., Ltd. | Electrostatic spray coating powder pigment composition and process for producing the same |
| US3967962A (en) * | 1973-11-23 | 1976-07-06 | Xerox Corporation | Developing with toner polymer having crystalline and amorphous segments |
| US4154621A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1979-05-15 | Marion Darrah | Intrachromoleucospheruloid pigment compositions and processes for producing the same |
| US4132561A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1979-01-02 | Marion Darrah | Intrachromospheruloid pigments and processes for producing same |
| US4132563A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1979-01-02 | Marion Darrah | Intraleucospheruloid/organic color pigment compositions and processes for producing same |
| US4132564A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1979-01-02 | Marion Darrah | Intraleucospheruloid pigments and processes for producing same |
| US4194920A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1980-03-25 | Marion Darrah | Intrachromoleucospheruloid pigment compositions and processes for producing same |
| US4132562A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1979-01-02 | Marion Darrah And Joseph Y. Houghton, Co-Trustees | Intrachromospheruloid/inorganic pigment compositions and processes for producing same |
| US4169737A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1979-10-02 | Marion Darrah And Joseph Y. Houghton, Co-Trustees | Intrachromospheruloid/intraleuco-spheruloid pigment compositions and processes for producing same |
| US4231919A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1980-11-04 | Eastman Kodak Company | Suspension polymerization of styrene monomers in the presence of carbon black |
| US4421660A (en) * | 1980-12-15 | 1983-12-20 | The Dow Chemical Company | Colloidal size hydrophobic polymers particulate having discrete particles of an inorganic material dispersed therein |
| JPS57149310A (en) * | 1981-03-13 | 1982-09-14 | Japan Synthetic Rubber Co Ltd | Production of resin |
| US4407922A (en) * | 1982-01-11 | 1983-10-04 | Xerox Corporation | Pressure sensitive toner compositions |
| US4599289A (en) * | 1982-05-27 | 1986-07-08 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Pressure-fixable encapsulated toner |
| US4608401A (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1986-08-26 | Union Carbide Corporation | Method of encapsulating finely divided solid particles |
| US4771086A (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1988-09-13 | Union Carbide Corporation | Encapsulating finely divided solid particles in stable suspensions |
| USRE34145E (en) * | 1982-09-02 | 1992-12-15 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Encapsulating finely divided solid particles in stable suspensions |
| US4558108A (en) * | 1982-12-27 | 1985-12-10 | Xerox Corporation | Aqueous suspension polymerization process |
| JPS6057853A (en) * | 1983-09-09 | 1985-04-03 | Canon Inc | Pressure fixing capsule toner |
| CA1288993C (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1991-09-17 | Mitsugu Fujioka | Process for producing toners for use in electrophotography |
| DE3751395D1 (en) * | 1986-04-07 | 1995-08-17 | Kao Corp | Electrographic developer and process for its manufacture. |
| US4814250A (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1989-03-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Electrophotographic toner and developer compositions containing dioctylsulfosuccinate and sodium benzoate charge control agents |
| US4965172A (en) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-10-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Humidity-resistant proofing toners with low molecular weight polystyrene |
| US5073469A (en) * | 1990-08-09 | 1991-12-17 | Lexmark International, Inc. | Toner compositions |
| JP2962809B2 (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1999-10-12 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | Resin composition for toner and method for producing the same |
| US5342724A (en) * | 1992-04-10 | 1994-08-30 | Eastman Kodak Company | Toner manufacture using chain transfer polyesters |
| JP4483533B2 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2010-06-16 | コニカミノルタビジネステクノロジーズ株式会社 | Developing device and image forming apparatus |
| ES2372328T3 (en) * | 2007-01-26 | 2012-01-18 | Unilever N.V. | COMPOSITION OF MATIZED. |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2297691A (en) * | 1939-04-04 | 1942-10-06 | Chester F Carlson | Electrophotography |
| IT453731A (en) * | 1948-05-01 | |||
| US2788288A (en) * | 1953-07-29 | 1957-04-09 | Haloid Co | Process and composition for developing an electrostatic image |
| BE576841A (en) * | 1958-03-20 | |||
| US3326848A (en) * | 1964-07-02 | 1967-06-20 | Xerox Corp | Spray dried latex toners |
| US3391082A (en) * | 1965-04-06 | 1968-07-02 | Koppers Co Inc | Method of making xergographic toner compositions by emulsion polymerization |
-
1967
- 1967-06-19 US US647218A patent/US3502582A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1968
- 1968-06-17 GB GB28748/68A patent/GB1237095A/en not_active Expired
- 1968-06-18 DE DE19681772669 patent/DE1772669A1/en active Pending
- 1968-06-19 FR FR1569382D patent/FR1569382A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-06-19 NL NL6808638A patent/NL6808638A/xx unknown
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2515665A1 (en) * | 1974-04-10 | 1975-10-30 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | TONER FOR DEVELOPING LATENT ELECTROSTATIC IMAGES |
| US4386147A (en) | 1974-04-10 | 1983-05-31 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Toner for developing electrostatic latent images |
| US4486524A (en) * | 1974-04-10 | 1984-12-04 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Toner for developing electrostatic latent images comprising a resin having specified molecular weight parameters |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US3502582A (en) | 1970-03-24 |
| FR1569382A (en) | 1969-05-30 |
| NL6808638A (en) | 1968-12-20 |
| DE1772669A1 (en) | 1971-05-27 |
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