FR3068121A1 - HEAT EXCHANGER HAVING A PHASE CHANGE MATERIAL RESERVOIR COMPRISING A TAB OF HOLDING AND FILLING A FILLING TUBE - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger (5) comprising a heat exchange bundle delimiting a coolant circulation circuit, said heat exchange bundle comprising at least one tube (51) for circulation of said heat exchange fluid. heat transfer fluid, the heat exchanger (5) comprising at least one reservoir of phase change material (53) in thermal contact with an outer face of said at least one tube (51), said reservoir (53) being delimited by minus one tank plate (530) traversed by at least one phase change material introduction port (5303) and an opposite surface.

Description

Method of manufacturing a heat exchanger with a phase change material reservoir comprising a tab for holding and closing a filling tube, and corresponding heat exchanger

1. Field of the invention

The field of the invention is that of heat exchangers, in particular of the evaporator type, for a motor vehicle.

More specifically, the invention relates to evaporators using a phase change material.

2. Prior art

In motor vehicles, it is known to implement an air conditioning device making it possible to regulate the temperature of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

More specifically, these air conditioning devices use a heat exchanger, in particular an evaporator, such as that shown in FIG. 1. Such an evaporator 1 comprises a heat exchange bundle formed by a stack of tubes 10 and spacers 11, placed between two consecutive tubes 10 and allowing a heat exchange between an air flow passing through the bundle (and more precisely through the spacers) and a heat transfer fluid (such as a refrigerant) circulating in the tubes 10 .

For vehicles fitted with an automatic engine stop system during short stops, in particular, a function has been developed which allows, when the vehicle engine is stopped and no longer drives the start-up compressor. circulation of the heat-transfer fluid, to maintain the cooling of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, thus improving the comfort of the passengers of the motor vehicle.

To do this, the evaporator 1 implements a reservoir of phase change material 12 capable of storing cold when the engine of the motor vehicle is running and then returning it to the air passing through the evaporator 1 so as to cool it, for a limited time, when the vehicle engine is stopped.

A heat exchanger 1 of this type, partially illustrated in FIG. 2, comprises a reservoir plate 120 which, after brazing with an external face of a tube 10 of the heat exchange bundle, forms a reservoir 12 filled with material to phase change.

It will be noted that, in a conventional manner, the tube 10 is obtained by brazing two tube plates 101, 102 between which an internal insert 103 is arranged (FIG. 2).

The reservoir 12 of phase change material is thus in thermal contact with an external face of the tube 10, the reservoir being delimited by the reservoir plate 120 and an opposite surface corresponding to the external face of the tube 10.

The phase change material reservoir comprises a filling tube 121 making it possible to inject a phase change material inside the reservoir 12.

This filling tube 121 is obtained by cutting a very long tube produced by extrusion. It comprises, at a first end, an opening for introducing phase change material 1210 and at a second end a flat portion 1211 whose termination 1212 is closed by crimping. A side wall of the flattened portion 1211 of the filling tube 121, intended to be applied against the tank plate 120, is crossed by at least one filling orifice 1213 provided to cooperate with at least one insertion orifice 122 formed in the tank plate 120.

The assembly of the heat exchanger 1 is carried out as follows.

Tube plates 101, 102 are joined together in pairs to form a stack of tubes 10, an internal insert 103 being optionally interposed between the tube plates 101, 102 of a pair constituting a tube 10. Inserts 11 can be inserted into some of the spaces 13 located between the tubes 10. Some of these spaces 13 alternately house a reservoir 12 of phase change materials 12.

A filling tube 121 is placed by an operator on the reservoir plate 120 of each reservoir 12 so that its filling orifices 1213 communicate with the introduction orifices 122 of the corresponding reservoir plate 120. The filling tube 121 is optionally held integral with the corresponding tank plate 120 by crimping.

A reservoir plate 120 associated with a filling tube 121 is placed in each desired space 13 between two consecutive tubes 10, and pressed against one of these tubes 10 to form a reservoir 12 of phase change material.

The elements making up the evaporator are held against each other by means of a tool provided for this purpose before being placed in an oven in order to undergo brazing during which they are tightly joined to each other. .

The tube plates 101, 102 and reservoir plates 120 are made of clad metal. Their brazing therefore does not require the addition of a filler metal, these plates being coated.

On the other hand, insofar as the filling tubes 121 are obtained from an extruded tube, they are made of uncladed metal. The brazing of a filling tube 121 to the corresponding tank plate 120 therefore requires the supply of filler metal, for example in the form of a brazing paste which on the one hand ensures the mechanical connection from the filling tube 121 to the tank plate 120 and on the other hand to ensure that this connection is also sealed.

This addition of filler metal constitutes an additional and precise operation for the operator by having the load which supposes control in terms of quantity and location. This operation therefore generates an additional manufacturing cost.

The proper positioning of a filling tube 121 with respect to the matching tank plate 120 also requires precision on the part of the operator having the load.

Furthermore, it may happen, during the movement in the oven of the assembly of pre-assembled parts, that a relative displacement occurs between the filling tube and its tank plate which can introduce a misalignment of the filling orifices 1213 and introduction 122 and consequently difficulties in subsequently injecting the phase change material into the reservoir 12.

In addition, it may happen that the mechanical resistance of the connection between the filling tube 121 and the corresponding tank plate 120 is somewhat tight so that during filling of phase change material degradation of this connection can occur inducing a risk of leakage of phase change material.

3. Objectives of the invention

The invention particularly aims to provide an effective solution to at least some of these different problems.

In particular, according to at least one embodiment, an objective of the invention is to provide a technique making it possible to optimize the manufacture of a heat exchanger with a reservoir of phase change material.

In particular, the invention aims, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a technique which makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of a heat exchanger with a phase change material reservoir, and to reduce the cost thereof. .

Another objective of the invention is, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a technique which makes it possible to improve the mechanical connection between the filling tube and the reservoir plate of a reservoir of phase change material .

Another objective of the invention is, according to at least one embodiment, to provide such a technique which makes it possible to improve the tightness of the mechanical connection between the filling tube and the reservoir plate of a material reservoir phase change.

4. Presentation of the invention

For this, the invention provides a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange bundle delimiting a circulation circuit for heat transfer fluid, said heat exchange bundle comprising at least one tube for circulation of said heat transfer fluid, the heat exchanger comprising at least one reservoir of phase change material in thermal contact with an external face of said at least one tube, said reservoir being delimited by at least one reservoir plate crossed by at least one orifice for introducing phase change material and an opposite surface, said tank comprising a filling tube comprising a side wall traversed by at least one filling orifice cooperating with said at least one opening for introducing said tank plate, said tank plate comprising a tab for holding and closing one end of said tube, said method comprising :

a step of fitting one end of said filling tube along said tongue;

a step of placing said at least one filling orifice in communication with said filling tube with said at least one orifice for introducing said tank plate;

a step of joining said filling tube to said tank plate by welding.

The principle of the invention therefore consists in pre-assembling the filling tube to the tank plate before brazing by introducing a tab integral with the tank plate in one end of the filling tube and then placing the insertion orifices in communication. and filling.

The filling tube then constitutes with the reservoir plate an assembly which can be manipulated by an operator without risk of displacement of the filling tube relative to the reservoir plate to guarantee that their correct positioning is maintained before welding.

After welding, in particular by brazing, the tab makes it possible to strengthen the mechanical connection between the tube and the tank plate.

According to one possible characteristic, said step of placing said at least one filling orifice in communication with said filling tube with said at least one opening orifice for introducing said tank plate comprises the introduction of a flange forming a projection on the surface of said tank plate around said at least one introduction orifice inside said at least one filling orifice.

This makes it possible to improve the retention of the filling tube and of the reservoir plate after pre-assembly and to guarantee proper alignment of the introduction and filling orifices.

According to one possible characteristic, said fitting step is followed by a step of folding said tab until the side wall of said filling tube is in abutment against said tank plate.

According to one possible characteristic, said folding and communication steps take place essentially concomitantly, said tongue being configured to bring, at the end of its folding, said at least one filling orifice of said filling tube in communication with said at minus one orifice for introducing said tank plate.

According to one possible characteristic, said step of joining by welding is of the type without filler metal, said tank plate being made of clad metal and said filling tube of non clad metal.

This avoids the need to bring filler metal to braze the filling tube to the tank plate, the one with which the latter is used to braze the filling tube. This simplifies the manufacture of the exchanger.

According to one possible characteristic, said fitting step consists in introducing said tongue inside said filling tube over a length of at least one millimeter.

According to one possible characteristic, said folding step consists in folding said tab towards said tank plate essentially over 180 °, preferably essentially over 90 °.

According to one possible characteristic, a method according to the invention comprises a step of applying said tank plate against the external surface of said tube of said heat exchange bundle, this external surface constituting said opposite surface.

According to one possible characteristic, a method according to the invention comprises a step of obtaining said tank plate and said tongue by stamping a single sheet.

The tongue may constitute an extension of said tank plate projecting at its periphery.

According to one possible characteristic, said step of obtaining comprises a phase of cutting said tab in said tank plate, said tab extending in a plane essentially parallel to said plate and offset outside of the latter.

The tongue is then formed in the wall of the tank plate which makes it possible to reduce the amount of material required.

The invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange bundle delimiting a circuit for circulation of heat transfer fluid, said heat exchange bundle comprising at least one tube for circulation of said heat transfer fluid, said heat exchanger comprising at least one tank of phase change material in thermal contact with an external face of said at least one tube, said tank being delimited by at least one tank plate crossed by at least one orifice for introducing phase change material and an opposite surface said tank comprising a filling tube comprising a side wall bearing against said tank plate, said side wall being traversed by at least one filling orifice cooperating with said at least one opening for introducing said tank plate.

According to the invention, said tank plate comprises a tab for holding and closing said tube, said tab being at least partly inserted inside said filling tube from one end of the latter.

According to one possible characteristic, the length of introduction of said tongue into said filling tube is at least equal to 1 millimeter.

According to one possible characteristic, said filling tube comprises at a first end a filling orifice and at a second end an opening, said tongue being inserted through said opening.

According to one possible characteristic, said at least one filling orifice accommodates a flange projecting from the surface of said tank plate around said at least one introduction orifice.

According to one possible characteristic, said tongue is formed in the mass of said tank plate.

According to one possible characteristic, said tab is folded back inside said filling tube and extends essentially parallel to said tank plate.

According to one possible characteristic, said reservoir of phase change material is delimited by the reservoir plate attached to said at least one tube of said heat exchange bundle, the opposite surface being formed by the external face of said at least one first tube.

5. List of figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of particular embodiments, given by way of simple illustrative and nonlimiting example, and of the appended drawings among which:

Figure 1 illustrates a partial view of a heat exchanger according to the prior art in perspective;

FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a tube associated with a reservoir of phase change material and with an external interlayer of the exchanger of FIG. 1;

Figures 3 and 4 illustrate detailed perspective views of the connection between the filling tube and the reservoir plate of a reservoir of phase change material according to the prior art;

FIG. 5 illustrates a partial view of a heat exchanger according to the invention in perspective;

Figure 6 illustrates a partial exploded view of the exchanger of Figure 5; FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional view of a tube associated with a reservoir of phase change material and with an external interlayer of the exchanger of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 illustrates a detailed view of the tongue of a tank plate before folding according to the invention;

Figures 9 to 14 illustrate detailed views of the connection between a filling tube and a tank plate according to the invention;

FIGS. 15 to 17 illustrate a variant of a tank plate with cut tab;

FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a method of manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the invention.

6. Description of particular embodiments

6.1. Heat exchanger

Referring to FIGS. 5 to 17, an evaporator according to the invention is presented.

The embodiment described below is an evaporator designed for heat exchange between an air flow and a refrigerant, in particular for a device for air conditioning the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.

It goes without saying that the invention also covers a condenser, a radiator or any other heat exchanger, whatever the fluid passing through it.

The evaporator 5 according to the invention conventionally comprises a heat exchange bundle formed by a stack of tubes 51 and external spacers 52, with louvers or not, placed between two consecutive tubes 51 and making it possible to increase the surface heat exchange between the air flow passing through the bundle and the heat transfer fluid (such as a refrigerant) circulating in the tubes 51.

One or more external spacers 52 are each substituted by a reservoir of phase change material 53 which is capable of storing cold when the engine of the motor vehicle is running and then returning it, for a limited period, to the passing air the evaporator when the vehicle engine is stopped.

Such a tank of phase change material, formed of a tank plate 530 at least, will be described in more detail below.

Such a bundle is partially represented in FIG. 5 in which four tubes 51, two external spacers 52 and a reservoir of phase change material 53 are represented.

It is of course understood that the heat exchange bundle of the evaporator 5 can consist of a plurality of tubes 51 stacked in parallel with external spacers 52 in a longitudinal stacking direction.

FIG. 6 illustrates a partial exploded view of the evaporator 5 of FIG. 5.

In this FIG. 6, the illustrated part of the bundle of the evaporator 5 comprises: two tubes 51 intended for the circulation of a heat transfer fluid; a reservoir plate 530 disposed between the two tubes 51 and attached to the latter, forming a reservoir 53 for storing a phase change material; and two external spacers 52 for the passage of an air flow to be cooled through the heat exchange bundle of the evaporator 1.

As illustrated in FIG. 7, which is a cross-sectional view of a tube 51 on which a reservoir plate 530 is assembled, each tube 51 comprises two tube plates 510, 511 stamped and brazed to each other between which may be disposed an internal spacer 512 taking the form of a corrugated sheet.

More specifically, the plates 510, 511 are stamped so as to form, after assembly, two adjacent conduits 513, 514.

The plates 510, 511 and the internal interlayer 512 are configured to be assembled together in a leaktight manner to form a plurality of channels 515 in each of the conduits 512, 514, inside which circulates a heat transfer fluid, which here is a refrigerant.

A reservoir plate 530 is configured to be tightly assembled on an external face of the tube 51 so as to form a reservoir 53 for storing a phase change material.

Although this is not illustrated in FIG. 7, since it is a partial view of the evaporator 5, the tank plate 530 is attached to another tube 51 situated above the tank plate 530.

In this embodiment, the reservoir 53 is formed by a reservoir plate 530 and an opposite surface, which here is constituted by an external face of a tube 51.

Thus, the phase change material stored in the reservoir 53 is in direct contact with the external face of the tube 51, which facilitates and improves the heat exchanges between the heat transfer fluid circulating in the tube 51 and the stored phase change material in tank 53.

In the portion of the heat exchange bundle illustrated in FIG. 6, each tube 51 comprises two external faces intended to be oriented towards a tank plate 530 and an external interlayer 52 respectively.

Each tube 51 further comprises two internal faces opposite one another, and opposite the external faces, between which the internal interlayer 512 is disposed.

The reservoir plate 530 has an open face whose periphery, or the periphery, 5301 is intended to come into contact with the external face of the tube 51.

The face of the tank plate 530 opposite the open face has a plurality of bosses 5309 which are distributed over the whole of the tank plate 530.

The bosses 5309 of the reservoir plate 530 coupled to a first tube 51 are tangent or flush with the external face of a second adjacent tube 51. Air passages are thus delimited outside the reservoir 53 of phase change material so that an air flow can circulate between the reservoir plate 530 and the external face of the second tube 51 adjacent to the beam of heat exchange of the evaporator 5. This optimizes the heat exchanges between the evaporator 5 and the air passing through it.

The reservoir 53 conventionally comprises a filling tube 8. This filling tube 8 comprises at a first end 80 a filling opening 81. The first end 80 is extended by a second flattened end 82.

The second flattened end 82 comprises a side wall 83 intended to be applied against the tank plate 530. This side wall 83 is crossed by at least one, in this case two, filling orifices 84. The second flattened end 82 ends through an opening 85.

The reservoir plate 530 is traversed by at least one, in this case two, introduction orifices 5303. It comprises a tab 5302 for closing and holding the second end 82 of the filling tube 80, in this case of its opening 85.

When the evaporator is assembled, the tongue 5302 is located at least partially housed inside the second end 82 of the filling tube 8 from the opening 85 thereof. The filling orifice (s) 84 of the filling tube 8 then communicate with the introduction opening (s) 5303 of the tank plate, the number of filling openings being equal to the number of introduction opening.

The tongue 5302 is formed in the mass of the tank plate 530. In other words, the tongue and the tank plate form a single piece.

The tongue extends essentially in the extension of the insertion opening (s) 5303.

The tongue 5302 constitutes an extension of the tank plate 530. It projects at its periphery and is folded in part essentially perpendicular to the plane of the tank plate and then essentially parallel to this plane towards the inside of the tank plate and away from it to enter the second end 82 of the filling tube through the opening 85.

The dimensions of the tongue 5302 are chosen such that:

the filling tube 8 can be fitted along the latter by introducing the end of the tongue 5302 therefrom from the opening 85, when the side wall 83 of the filling tube 8 is applied against the tank plate 530, the filling hole (s) 84 communicate with the insertion hole (s) 5303, and that after brazing the assembly, the junction between the filling tube 8 and the tank plate 530 is sealed.

The tongue 5302 then closes the opening 85 of the end of the filling tube and maintains the latter in position.

The reservoir plate 530 includes a recess 5305 in a recess to accommodate the flattened end 82 of the filling tube 8 so that when the filling tube 8 is secured to the reservoir plate 530, its side wall 86 facing outward of the tank plate 530 is essentially flush with the outer wall thereof.

In the variant illustrated in FIGS. 15 to 17, the tongue 5302 does not protrude at the periphery of the tank plate 530. It extends in a plane essentially parallel to the plane of the tank plate and in an offset direction towards the outside of the latter, and results from a cut-out in the reservoir plate 530 inducing the formation of a lumen 5304 in the reservoir plate 530. In this case, the tongue does not consist of an overhang of material at the periphery of the tank plate 530. On the contrary, it is formed from a part of the wall of the tank plate 530. This implementation therefore makes it possible to reduce the amount of material used to make a plate tank and its tab, and thus reduce the cost of material necessary for the manufacture of the evaporator.

The tongue 5302 is inserted inside the filling tube 8 over a distance of at least one millimeter. It essentially forms an "L" with a first wing 5302i substantially parallel to the plane of the tank plate 530 and introduced at least partially into the filling tube 8, and a second wing 5302 ₂ essentially perpendicular to the first 5302 !. These two wings are connected by a folding zone 5306.

The tongue 5302 makes it possible to close the opening 85 at the second end 82 of the filling tube 8 and to keep it in position more securely and thus to avoid the separation of the filling tube 8 and the tank plate 530 and the appearance of leakage at their junction.

The tube plates 510, 511, the reservoir plates 530, the outer spacers 53 and the filling tubes 8 are made of metal, for example aluminum alloy or the like.

These elements, apart from the filling tubes 8, are made of clad metal. In other words, they are coated with a filler metal necessary for their assembly by brazing.

The filling tubes 8 are preferably made of uncladed metal. This is particularly the case when they are produced at least in part by extrusion.

After filling with a phase change material reservoir, the filling opening 81 is closed by means of a plug 9.

As will become clearer from the description which follows of a process for manufacturing an evaporator according to the invention, all the elements that make up the evaporator are joined together in a leaktight manner by soldering.

6.2. Manufacturing process

The manufacture of an evaporator according to the invention obviously includes a prior step 190 of collecting all of the elements making it up, in particular tube plates 510, 511, internal inserts 512, external inserts 52, tank plates 530, tubes filling 8.

A tank plate 530 and its tongue 5302 are obtained by stamping the same sheet of clad metal so that they form a single monoblock piece.

After stamping, the tongue preferably forms with the main plane of the tank plate an angle essentially equal to 90 °. It could nevertheless form with it an angle of 180 ° or less, or even an angle less than 90 °.

The tongue 5302 includes a folding zone, for example a mechanically weaker fold line 5306, to facilitate its folding as will emerge more clearly later.

This folding zone 5306 is provided at a distance from the bearing surface 5307 of the reservoir plate 530 against which the lateral wall 83 of the filling tube 8 bears. This distance is chosen so that when the tongue is folded essentially parallel to the tank plate 530 and is located inside the end of the filling tube 8, the side wall 83 of the latter is in contact with the bearing surface 5307.

In the embodiment in which the tongue does not protrude at the periphery of the tank plate, but results from a cutting of the wall thereof, this phase of cutting the tongue can be carried out during the stamping.

The tank plate comprises a flange 5308 around each insertion orifice 5303 which projects from the surface of the bearing surface 5307.

A filling tube 8 is obtained from a metal tube produced "per kilometer" by extrusion. The extrusion process does not allow clad metals to be worked. The filling tubes are therefore made of uncladed metal. It results from the cutting of a section of tube and the flattening of one of their ends, for example by stamping.

Obtaining tube plates 510, 511, internal 512 and external spacers 52, and tank plates is conventional and is not described in more detail here.

A filling tube 8 is pre-assembled to each tank plate 530 (step 191).

Such pre-assembly includes:

a step 1910 of fitting the second end 83 of the filling tube 8 along the tongue 5302 by introducing the tongue therein through the opening 85 over at least one millimeter;

a step 1912 of placing the filling orifice (s) 84 of the filling tube 8 in communication with the introduction opening (s) 5303 of the tank plate 530.

In the case of a foldable peripheral tongue, the fitting step is followed by a step 1911 of folding the tongue 5302 along the fold line 5306 over approximately 90 ° until the side wall 83 tube filling 8 is in abutment against the tank plate 530, in this case its surface 5307. The second flattened end 82 of the filling tube is then in the reservation 5305.

The folding and placing in communication steps take place essentially concomitantly, the tongue being configured to bring, at the end of its folding, the filling orifice (s) of the filling tube in communication with the opening opening (s) of the tank plate.

The step of putting the filling opening (s) 84 of the filling tube 8 into communication with the opening opening (s) of the reservoir plate 530 comprises the introduction of the corresponding flange 5308 inside the opening filling 84 corresponding.

The filling tube 8 is thus held in position on the reservoir plate due to the use of the tongue and the flanges. The presence of the flanges improves the pre-assembly and in particular ensures the maintenance of a good alignment between orifice (s) of filling and orifice (s) of introduction. However, they may not be implemented in a simplified version.

The pre-assembly of a filling tube to a tank plate makes it possible to obtain a homogeneous sub-assembly which can be manipulated by an operator without risk of relative displacement of the filling tube with respect to the tank plate.

We then proceed to pre-assemble the entire evaporator (step

192).

This pre-assembly consists in stacking a plurality of tubes 51 against each other, each tube consisting of a stack of two tube plates 510, 511 with, if necessary, the interposition of an internal interlayer 512. Some of the spaces between 51 consecutive tubes are filled with an external interlayer 52 or with a tank plate. This assembly is kept pre-assembled by means of a tool provided for this purpose which makes it possible to keep the various components of the evaporator slightly compressed against each other.

This pre-assembled assembly is then introduced into an oven inside which is implemented a step 193 of brazing without filler metal. At the end of this brazing, the various components of the evaporator, including the filling tubes and the tank plates, are joined to each other in a sealed manner and the evaporator is removed from the oven.

The filler metal of the tongue 5302 makes it possible to ensure the brazing of the tube on the tongue and to seal the opening 85 in a leaktight manner. The reservoir plate and its tongue being clad on their two faces, this brazing of the tube filling on the tongue is obtained on both sides. The filler metal of the reservoir plate 530 makes it possible to ensure the brazing of the tube on the reservoir plate and to seal the contours of the filling orifices 84 and of the introduction orifices 5303 to ensure a tight connection. of the filling tube on the tank plate.

The implementation of the tongue makes it possible to effectively close the opening 85 at the second end 82 of the filling tube and to reinforce the mechanical resistance of the connection between the filling tube and the tank plate.

The method then preferably preferably comprises in a conventional manner a test step 194 which consists in checking the tightness of the evaporator.

The method then comprises a step 195 of filling the reservoir (s) with phase change material 53. This step consists in injecting, for example by vacuum extraction, a phase change material inside each reservoir 53 via the corresponding filling tube 8. This material flows into each filling tube from its filling opening 81 and flows through the filling and introduction orifices until it spreads into the reservoirs 53. Each reservoir 53 is then closed by means of a plug 9 closing the filling opening 81 during a step 196 of closing.

Claims (14)

1. Method for manufacturing a heat exchanger (5) comprising a heat exchange bundle delimiting a circuit for circulation of heat transfer fluid, said heat exchange bundle comprising at least one tube (51) for circulation of said heat transfer fluid, the heat exchanger (5) comprising at least one reservoir of phase change material (53) in thermal contact with an external face of said at least one tube (51), said reservoir (53) being delimited by at least one plate reservoir (530) through which at least one phase change material introduction orifice (5303) and an opposite surface pass, said reservoir (53) comprising a filling tube (8) comprising a side wall (83) traversed by at least one filling orifice (84) cooperating with said at least one introduction orifice (5303) of said tank plate (530), said tank plate (530) comprising a tab (5302) for holding and closing of one end of said filling tube (8), said method comprising: a step (1910) of fitting one end (82) of said filling tube (8) along said tongue (5302); a step (1912) of communicating said at least one filling orifice (84) of said filling tube (8) with said at least one insertion orifice (5303) of said tank plate (530); a step (193) of joining said filling tube (8) to said tank plate (530) by welding. 2. Method according to claim 1 wherein said step (1912) of communicating said at least one filling orifice (84) of said filling tube (8) with said at least one introduction orifice (5303) of said plate of tank (530) comprises the introduction, inside said at least one filling orifice (84), of a flange (5308) projecting from the surface (5307) of said tank plate (530) around said at least one insertion opening (5303). 3. Method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein said step (1910) of fitting is followed by a step (1911) of folding of said tongue (5302) until the side wall (83) of said tube filling (8) is in abutment against said tank plate (530). 4. The method of claim 3 wherein said folding steps (1911) and communication (1912) take place essentially concomitantly, said tongue (5302) being configured to bring, at the end of its folding, said at least a filling orifice (84) of said filling tube (8) in communication with said at least one introduction orifice (5303) of said tank plate (530). 5. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said step (193) of joining by welding is of the type without filler metal, said tank plate (530) being made of clad metal and said filling tube (8) uncladed metal. 6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein said fitting step (1910) consists in introducing said tongue (5302) inside said filling tube (8) over a length of at least one millimeter. 7. Method according to any one of claims 2 to 6 wherein said folding step (1911) consists in folding down said tongue (5302) towards said reservoir plate (530) essentially over 180 °, preferably essentially over 90 °. 8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprising a step of applying said reservoir plate (530) associated with said filling tube (8) against the external surface of said tube (51) of said exchange bundle thermal, this external surface constituting said opposite surface. 9. Heat exchanger (5) comprising a heat exchange bundle delimiting a circuit for circulation of heat transfer fluid, said heat exchange bundle comprising at least one tube (51) for circulation of said heat transfer fluid, said heat exchanger (5 ) comprising at least one phase change material reservoir (53) in thermal contact with an external face of said at least one tube (51), said reservoir (53) being delimited by at least one reservoir plate (530) traversed by at least one orifice for introducing phase change material (5303) and an opposite surface, said reservoir (53) comprising a filling tube (8) comprising a side wall (53) bearing against said reservoir plate (530 ), said side wall (83) being traversed by at least one filling orifice (84) cooperating with said at least one introduction orifice (5303) of said tank plate (530), characterized in that said plate tank (530) comprises a tab (5302) for holding and closing said filling tube (8), said tab (5302) being at least partially inserted inside said filling tube (8) from one end (82) of it. 10. Heat exchanger (5) according to claim 9 wherein the length of introduction of said tongue (5302) in said filling tube (8) is at least equal to 1 millimeter. 11. Heat exchanger (5) according to claim 9 or 10 wherein said filling tube (8) comprises at a first end (80) a filling orifice (81) and at a second end (82) an opening (85 ), said tongue (5302) being inserted through said opening (85). 12. Heat exchanger (5) according to any one of claims 9 to 11 wherein said at least one filling orifice (84) houses a flange (5308) projecting from the surface (5307) of said tank plate ( 530) around said at least one introduction orifice (5303). 13. Heat exchanger according to any one of claims 9 to 12 wherein said tab (5302) is folded back inside said filling tube (8) and extends essentially parallel to said tank plate (530). 14. Heat exchanger according to any one of claims 9 to 13 wherein said reservoir of phase change material (53) is delimited by the reservoir plate (530) contiguous to said at least one tube (51) of said bundle of heat exchange, the opposite surface being formed by the external face of said at least one first tube (51).