FR2795954A1 - Cosmetic composition for treatment of keratin matter, especially hair, contains at least one cationic fructane and at least one hair-treatment polymer - Google Patents

Abstract

A cosmetic composition for treating keratin matter is new. The composition contains, in cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium, at least one cationic fructane (preferably 0.01-10 wt.%, especially 0.1-3 wt.%) and at least one hair-dressing polymer (B) of anionic, nonionic or amphoteric type (0.1-15 wt.%, especially 1-7 wt.%). Independent claims are included for: (1) process of cosmetic treatment of hair comprising application of composition as claimed optionally followed by rinsing with water; and (2) use of composition as claimed for dressing or styling of hair.

Description

<Desc / Clms Page number 1>

COSMETIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE FRUCTANE
The present invention relates to a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising, in a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium, at least one styling polymer chosen from anionic, nonionic and amphoteric polymers and at least one fructan comprising at least one amine group.

Hair holding or shaping compositions containing in their formulation hair styling polymers (fixing polymers) generally have the disadvantage of making it difficult to detangle, re-shave or brush the hair.

Hair treated with these styling polymers is generally rough and has an unnatural feel.

In the state of the art, compositions are known, in particular non-rinsed hair compositions comprising an anionic polymer and a cationic polymer.

These compositions generally have good styling properties. However, when using these polymer combinations in rinsed compositions such as shampoos, the styling properties of these compositions are unsatisfactory. Thus, FR 2 383 660 has already been associated with anionic polymers with a cationic cellulose. The styling and cosmetic properties of these compositions are not yet satisfactory.

It is sought to obtain cosmetic compositions which are capable of providing the hair with styling, volume, shaping and holding properties while having good cosmetic properties such as softness, touch or disentangling.

However, the Applicant has surprisingly found that by using compositions containing a particular styling polymer in combination with at least one cationic fructan in a cosmetically acceptable medium, excellent cosmetic properties such as softness, volume, detangling and touching while having excellent styling and / or fixing properties.

<Desc / Clms Page number 2>

The composition for treating keratin materials according to the invention is essentially characterized in that it comprises in a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium at least one fructan comprising at least one amine group and at least one styling polymer chosen from anionic polymers. , nonionic and amphoteric.

The subject of the invention is also the use of the composition described above for styling or shaping keratinous fibers and more particularly the hair.

Hair styling polymer means any polymer whose function is to provide cohesion to a set of hair by the deposition of a material limiting their relative movement and the stability over time of the set of hair formed.

According to the present invention, keratin fibers include hair, eyelashes, eyebrows and more particularly the hair.

Fructans are oligosaccharides or polysaccharides comprising a sequence of anhydrofructose units. The fructans can be linear or branched.

The fructans can be products obtained directly from a plant or microbial source or products whose chain length has been modified (increased or reduced) by fractionation, synthesis or hydrolysis in particular enzymatic. Fructans generally have a degree of polymerization of from 2 to about 1000 and preferably from 3 to about 60.

Preferred fructans essentially contain (3-2,1) linkages, such as inulin.

Inulin can be obtained for example from chicory, dahlia or Jerusalem artichoke.

By cationic fructans is meant fructans comprising at least one amine group.

According to the invention, the term "amine group" denotes any group comprising at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium group.

<Desc / Clms Page number 3>

The amine groups may be of formula (I), (II) or (III) -A-N + R1 R2R3 (I) or -C (= NR4) -NR1 R2 (III) -A-NR1 R2 (II) in which A represents a linear or branched C2-C6 alkylene group, which optionally comprises one or more oxygen atoms, one or more carbonyl, imino, alkylimino, urethane, hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl or carbamoyl groups; R1 and R2, which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl, carboxymethyl, phosphonomethyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, propyl, isopropyl, allyl, hydroxypropyl or dihydroxypropyl radical or R1 and R2 may jointly designate with the nitrogen atom to which they Heterocyclic groups, such as piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, N'-alkylpiperazinyl, N '- (hydroxyalkyl) piperazinyl, N' - (aminoalkyl) piperazinyl hexamethyleneamino or morpholinyl are attached: R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical C2-C22, C2-C22 alkenyl, C2-C22 alkynyl, C3-C22 cycloalkyl, C7-C22 aralkyl; R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl, carboxymethyl, phosphonomethyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, propyl, isopropyl, allyl, hydroxypropyl or dihydroxypropyl radical; Preferably, the group A is connected to the saccharide units of the fructan via an oxygen atom of said units A may represent ethylene, 1,2-propylene, 1,3-propylene, 2-hydroxy-1,3 propylene, tetramethylene, hexamethylene, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propylene, 2-butenylene, 2-butynylene, 2,4-hexadienylene, cyclohexylene, N-methyliminodiethylene, diiminotriethylene, oxydiethylene, oxydipropylene, ethyleneiminocarbonylmethylene, carbonylethylene and carboxyethylene .

Preferably, A represents ethylene, propylene or 2-hydroxypropylene.

Preferably, R1 and R2, identical or different, denote methyl or ethyl.

The fructans according to the invention generally have a degree of substitution (average number of amine groups per monosaccharide unit) of between 0.1 and 2.5 and in particular of 0.2 to 2.

<Desc / Clms Page number 4>

The synthesis of these amine fructan compounds is described in particular in WO98 / 14482 and WO96 / 34017.

Particularly preferred amino fructans are obtained by reaction of fructan and glycidylamine or 3-halo-2-hydroxypropylamine or their corresponding ammonium salt.

The cationic fructan (comprising at least one amine group) is preferably used in a concentration ranging from 0.01% to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.05% to 5% by weight, and even more preferentially from 0, 1% to 3% by weight, of the total weight of the composition.

The hair styling polymers that can be used in accordance with the invention are preferably film-forming and are described below.

These polymers can be used in solubilized form or in the form of aqueous or nonaqueous dispersions of polymer particles.

The anionic polymers generally used are polymers having groups derived from carboxylic, sulfonic or phosphoric acid and have a weight average molecular weight of between about 500 and 5,000,000.

dans laquelle n est un nombre entier de 0 à 10, A1 désigne un groupement méthylène, éventuellement relié à l'atome de carbone du groupement insaturé ou au groupement méthylène voisin lorsque n est supérieur à 1 par l'intermédiaire d'un hétéroatome tel que oxygène ou soufre, R7 désigne un atome d'hydrogène, un groupement phényle ou 1) The carboxylic groups are provided by unsaturated mono- or di-carboxylic acid monomers, such as those corresponding to the formula:

in which n is an integer from 0 to 10, A1 denotes a methylene group, optionally linked to the carbon atom of the unsaturated group or to the neighboring methylene group when n is greater than 1 by means of a heteroatom such as oxygen or sulfur, R7 denotes a hydrogen atom, a phenyl group or

<Desc / Clms Page number 5>

 benzyl, Rg denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl or carboxyl group, Rg denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a -CH2-COOH group, phenyl or benzyl; In the abovementioned formula, a lower alkyl radical preferably denotes a group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and in particular methyl and ethyl.

The anionic film-forming polymers containing carboxylic groups which are preferred according to the invention are: A) Homo- or copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acid or their salts and in particular the products sold under the names VERSICOL E or K by the company Allied Colloid and ULTRAHOLD by BASF. Copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylamide sold in the form of their sodium salt under the names Reten 421, 423 or 425 by the company Hercules, the sodium salts of polyhydroxycarboxylic acids.

B) copolymers of acrylic or methacrylic acids with a monoethylenic monomer such as ethylene, styrene, vinyl esters, esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, optionally grafted onto a polyalkylene glycol such as polyethylene glycol and optionally crosslinked. Such polymers are described in particular in French Patent 1,222,944 and German Application 2,330,956, copolymers of this type comprising in their chain an acrylamide unit optionally N-alkylated and / or hydroxyalkylated as described in particular in the applications of Luxembourg patents 75370 and 75371 or offered under the name QUADRAMER by AMERICAN CYANAMID. Mention may also be made of copolymers of acrylic acid and of C 1 -C 4 alkyl methacrylate and terpolymers of vinylpyrrolidone, of acrylic acid and of C 1 -C 20 alkyl methacrylate, for example lauryl, such as that sold by the ISP company under the name ACRYLIDONE LM and terpolymers methacrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / tert-butyl acrylate such as the product sold under the name LUVIMER 100 P by the company BASF.

C) copolymers derived from crotonic acid, such as those comprising in their chain vinyl acetate or propionate units and optionally other monomers such as allyl or methallyl esters, vinyl ethers or vinyl esters of a linear or branched saturated carboxylic acid; long-chain hydrocarbon such as those

<Desc / Clms Page number 6>

 comprising at least 5 carbon atoms, these polymers may optionally be grafted and crosslinked or a vinyl, allyl or methallyl ester of an α- or β-cyclic carboxylic acid. Such polymers are described, inter alia, in French patents 1. 222.944, 1.580.545, 2.265.782, 2.265.781, 1. 564.110 and 2.439.798.

Commercial products falling within this class are the resins 28-29-30, 26-13-14 and 28-13-10 sold by the company National Starch D) the copolymers derived from selected C 4 -C 8 monounsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides among: - copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, fumaric and itaconic acids or anhydrides and (ii) at least one monomer chosen from vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified. ; Polymeric detels are described in particular in US Pat. Nos. 2,047,398, 2,723,248, 2,102,113 and GB 839,805, and especially those sold under the names GANTREZ AN or ES by the company ISP.

copolymers comprising (i) one or more maleic, citraconic and itaconic anhydrides and (ii) one or more monomers chosen from allyl or methallyl esters optionally containing one or more acrylamide, methacrylamide, α-olefin or acrylic or methacrylic ester groups, acrylic or methacrylic acid or vinylpyrrolidone in their chain, the anhydride functions of these copolymers being optionally monoesterified or monoamidified.

These polymers are described, for example, in French patents 2,350,384 and 2,357,241 of the applicant.

E) polyacrylamides having carboxylate groups.

The polymers comprising the sulphonic groups are polymers comprising vinylsulphonic, styrene sulphonic, naphthalenesulphonic or acrylamidoalkylsulphonic units.

These polymers may especially be chosen from:

<Desc / Clms Page number 7>

 salts of polyvinylsulphonic acid having a molecular weight of between about 1,000 and 100,000, as well as copolymers with an unsaturated comonomer such as acrylic or methacrylic acids and their esters, and acrylamide or its derivatives; vinyl ethers and vinylpyrrolidone.

the salts of polystyrene sulfonic acid, the sodium salts having a molecular weight of about 500,000 and about 100,000 sold respectively under the names Flexan 500 and Flexan 130 by National Starch. These compounds are described in patent FR 2,198,719.

the polyacrylamide sulphonic acid salts mentioned in US Pat. No. 4,128,631 and more particularly the polyacrylamidoethylpropanesulphonic acid sold under the name COSMEDIA POLYMER HSP 1180 by Henkel.

According to the invention, the anionic film-forming polymers are preferably chosen from acrylic acid copolymers such as the acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tert-butylacrylamide terpolymer sold under the name ULTRAHOLD STRONG by the company BASF, the copolymers derived from crotonic acid such as vinyl acetate terpolymers / tert-butyl vinyl benzoate / crotonic acid and crotonic acid / vinyl acetate / vinyl neododecanoate terpolymers sold under the name Resin 28-29-30 by the company National Starch; polymers derived from maleic, fumaric, itaconic acids or anhydrides with vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters, such as the monoesterified methyl vinyl ether / monoester maleic anhydride copolymer sold under the name GANTREZ ES 425 by the company ISP, the copolymers of methacic acid and methyl methacrylate sold under the name EUDRAGIT L by the company ROHM PHARMA, the copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate sold under the name Luvimer MAEX or MAE by the company BASF, the copolymer vinyl acetate / crotonic acid sold under the name Luviset CA 66 by the company BASF and the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymer grafted with polyethylene glycol under the name ARISTOFLEX A by the company BASF.

<Desc / Clms Page number 8>

The most particularly preferred anionic film-forming polymers are chosen from the monoesterified methyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymer sold under the name Gantrez ES 425 by the company ISP, the acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tert-butyl acrylamide terpolymer sold under the name ULTRAHOLD STRONG. by the company BASF, the copolymers of methacrylic acid and of methyl methacrylate sold under the name EUDRAGIT L by the company ROHM PHARMA, the vinyl acetate terpolymers / tert-butyl vinyl benzoate / crotonic acid and the crotonic acid / acetate terpolymers of vinyl / vinyl neododecanoate sold under the name Resin 28-29-30 by the company National Starch, the copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate sold under the name Luvimer MAEX or MAE by the company BASF, the terpolymer of vinylpyrrolidone / acrylic acid / lauryl methacrylate sold or the name ACRYLIDONE LM by the company ISP.

The amphoteric film-forming polymers that may be used in accordance with the invention may be chosen from polymers comprising units B and C statistically distributed in the polymer chain where B denotes a unit derived from a monomer comprising at least one basic nitrogen atom and C denotes a unit derived from an acid monomer having one or more carboxylic or sulfonic groups or B and C may denote groups derived from zwitterionic monomers of carboxybetaines or sulfobetaines; B and C may also designate a cationic polymer chain comprising primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary amine groups, in which at least one of the amine groups carries a carboxylic or sulphonic group connected via a hydrocarbon radical or else B and C are part of a chain of an α, β-dicarboxylic ethylene-polymer having one of the carboxylic groups reacted with a polyamine having one or more primary or secondary amine groups.

The amphoteric film-forming polymers corresponding to the definition given above, which are more particularly preferred, are chosen from the following polymers:
1) polymers resulting from the copolymerization of a monomer derived from a vinyl compound carrying a carboxylic group such as, more particularly, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, alpha-chloro acrylic acid, and

<Desc / Clms Page number 9>

 of a basic monomer derived from a substituted vinyl compound containing at least one basic atom such as, more particularly, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate and acrylate, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide and acrylamide. Such compounds are described in U.S. Patent No. 3,836,537.

 (2) polymers comprising units derived from: a) at least one monomer chosen from acrylamides or methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen with an alkyl radical, b) with at least one acidic comonomer containing one or more carboxylic groups reagents, and c) at least one basic comonomer such as primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amine substituent esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids and the quaternization product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with dimethyl or diethyl sulfate.

The N-substituted acrylamides or methacrylamides which are more particularly preferred according to the invention are the groups in which the alkyl radicals contain from 2 to 12 carbon atoms and more particularly N-ethylacrylamide, N-tert-butylacrylamide, Ntertioctylacrylamide, N- octylacrylamide, N-decylacrylamide, N-dodecylacrylamide and the corresponding methacrylamides.

The acidic comonomers are chosen more particularly from acrylic, methacrylic, crotonic, itaconic, maleic and fumaric acids as well as alkyl monoesters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms of maleic or fumaric acids or anhydrides.

Preferred basic comonomers are aminoethyl, butylaminoethyl, N, N'-dimethylaminoethyl, and N-tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylates.

The copolymers whose CTFA (4th Ed., 1991) name is octylacrylamide / acrylates / butylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer, such as the products sold under the name AMPHOMER or LOVOCRYL 47 by the company National Starch, are particularly used.

 (3) polyamino amides crosslinked and alkylated partially or totally derived from polyaminoamides of general formula # CO-R10-CO-Z # (III)

<Desc / Clms Page number 10>

où x=2 et p=2 ou 3, ou bien x=3 et p=2 ce radical dérivant de la diéthylène triamine, de la triéthylène tétraamine ou de la dipropylène triamine ; b) dans les proportions de 0 à 40 moles % le radical (IV) ci-dessus, dans lequel x=2 et p=1 et qui dérive de l'éthylènediamine, ou le radical dérivant de la pipérazine :

c) dans les proportions de 0 à 20 moles % le radical -NH-(CH2)6-NH- dérivant de l'hexaméthylènediamine, ces polyaminoamines étant réticulées par addition d'un agent réticulant bifonctionnel choisi parmi les épihalohydrines, les diépoxydes, les dianhydrides, les dérivés bis insaturés, au moyen de 0,025 à 0,35 mole d'agent réticulant par groupement amine du polyaminoamide et alcoylés par action d'acide acrylique, d'acide chloracétique ou d'une alcane sultone ou de leurs sels. wherein R10 represents a divalent radical derived from a saturated dicarboxylic acid, an ethylenically double-bonded mono or dicarboxylic aliphatic acid, an ester of a lower alkanol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms of these acids or a radical derived from the addition of any one of said acids with a primary bis or secondary bis amine, and Z denotes a radical of a bis-primary, mono or bis-secondary polyalkylene polyamine and preferably represents: a) in the proportions of 60 to 100 mol%, the radical

where x = 2 and p = 2 or 3, or x = 3 and p = 2 this radical derived from diethylene triamine, triethylene tetraamine or dipropylene triamine; b) in the proportions of 0 to 40 mol%, the radical (IV) above, in which x = 2 and p = 1 and which is derived from ethylenediamine, or the radical derived from piperazine:

c) in the proportions of 0 to 20 mole%, the radical -NH- (CH 2) 6 -NH- derived from hexamethylenediamine, these polyaminoamines being crosslinked by addition of a bifunctional crosslinking agent chosen from epihalohydrins, diepoxides, dianhydrides, bis unsaturated derivatives, by means of 0.025 to 0.35 mole of crosslinking agent per amine group of the polyaminoamide and alkylated by the action of acrylic acid, chloroacetic acid or an alkane sultone or their salts.

The saturated carboxylic acids are preferably chosen from acids having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as adipic acid, trimethyl-2,2,4-adipic acid and trimethyl-2,4,4-adipic acid, terephthalic acid, acids with ethylenic double bond such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid.

The alkanesultones used in the alkylation are preferably propane or butane sultone, the salts of the alkylating agents are preferably the sodium or potassium salts.

 (4) polymers having zwitterionic units of formula:

<Desc / Clms Page number 11>

dans laquelle R1désigne un groupement insaturé polymérisable tel qu'un groupement acrylate, méthacrylate, acrylamide ou méthacrylamide, y et z représente un nombre entier de 1 à 3, R12 et R13 représentent un atome d'hydrogène, méthyle, éthyle ou propyle, R14 et R15 représentent un atome d'hydrogène ou un radical alkyle de telle façon que la somme des atomes de carbone dans R14 et R15 ne dépasse pas 10.

in which R 1 denotes a polymerizable unsaturated group such as an acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide or methacrylamide group, y and z represents an integer of 1 to 3, R 12 and R 13 represent a hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl atom, R 14 and R15 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical such that the sum of the carbon atoms in R14 and R15 does not exceed 10.

Polymers comprising such units may also comprise units derived from non-zwitterionic monomers such as dimethyl or diethylaminoethyl acrylate or methacrylate or alkyl acrylates or methacrylates, acrylamides or methacrylamides or vinyl acetate.

By way of example, mention may be made of the copolymer of methyl methacrylate / methyl dimethyl carboxymethylammonio ethyl methacrylate such as the product sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by the company SANDOZ.

le motif D étant présent dans des proportions comprises entre 0 et 30%, le motif E dans des proportions comprises entre 5 et 50% et le motif F dans des proportions comprises entre 30 et 90%, étant entendu que dans ce motif F, R16 représente un radical de formule

(5) polymers derived from chitosan having monomeric units corresponding to the following formulas:

the pattern D being present in proportions between 0 and 30%, the pattern E in proportions of between 5 and 50% and the pattern F in proportions of between 30 and 90%, it being understood that in this pattern F, R16 represents a radical of formula

<Desc / Clms Page number 12>

 in which if q = 0, R 17, R 18 and R 19, which are identical or different, each represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl, hydroxyl, acetoxy or amino residue, a monoalkylamine residue or a dialkyl amine residue optionally interrupted by one or more atoms of nitrogen and / or optionally substituted by one or more amine, hydroxyl, carboxyl, alkolylthio, sulfonic acid, an alkylthio radical whose alkyl group carries an amino residue, at least one of the radicals R17, R18 and R19 being in this case a hydrogen atom; or if q = 1, R 17, R 18 and R 19 each represent a hydrogen atom, as well as the salts formed by these compounds with bases or acids.

 (6) Polymers derived from the N-carboxyalkylation of chitosan, such as Ncarboxymethyl chitosan or N-carboxybutyl chitosan sold under the name "Evalsan" by the company Jan Dekker.

dans laquelle R20 représente un atome d'hydrogène, un radical CH30, CH3CH20, phényle, R21 désigne l'hydrogène ou un radical alkyle inférieur tel que méthyle, éthyle, R22 désigne l'hydrogène ou un radical alkyle inférieur tel que méthyle, éthyle, R23 désigne un radical alkyle inférieur tel que méthyle, éthyle ou un radical répondant à la formule : -R24-N(R22)2, R24 représentant un groupement -CH2-CH2- , -CH2-CH2-CH2- , -CH2-CH(CH3)- , R22 ayant les significations mentionnées ci-dessus, ainsi que les homologues supérieurs de ces radicaux et contenant jusqu'à 6 atomes de carbone. (7) The polymers corresponding to the general formula (VI), for example described in French Patent 1,400,366:

in which R20 represents a hydrogen atom, a radical CH30, CH3CH20, phenyl, R21 denotes hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl, R22 denotes hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl, R23 denotes a lower alkyl radical such as methyl, ethyl or a radical corresponding to the formula: -R24-N (R22) 2, R24 representing a group -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH (CH 3) -, R 22 having the meanings mentioned above, as well as the higher homologues of these radicals and containing up to 6 carbon atoms.

<Desc / Clms Page number 13>

et X désigne le symbole E ou E', E ou E' identiques ou différents désignent un radical bivalent qui est un radical alkylène à chaîne droite ou ramifiée comportant jusqu'à 7 atomes de carbone dans la chaîne principale non substituée ou substituée par des groupements hydroxyle et pouvant comporter en outre des atomes d'oxygène, d'azote, de soufre, 1 à 3 cycles aromatiques et/ou hétérocycliques; les atomes d'oxygène, d'azote et de soufre étant présents sous forme de groupements éther, thioéther, sulfoxyde, sulfone, sulfonium, alkylamine, alkénylamine, des groupements hydroxyle, benzylamine, oxyde d'amine, ammonium quaternaire, amide, imide, alcool, ester et/ou uréthanne. b) Les polymères de formule : -D-X-D-X- (VII') où D désigne un radical

et X désigne le symbole E ou E' et au moins une fois E', E ayant la signification indiquée ci-dessus et E' est un radical bivalent qui est un radical alkylène à chaîne droite ou ramifiée ayant jusqu'à 7 atomes de carbone dans la chaîne principale, substitué ou non par un ou plusieurs radicaux hydroxyle et comportant un ou plusieurs atomes d'azote, l'atome d'azote étant substitué par une chaîne alkyle interrompue éventuellement par un atome d'oxygène et comportant obligatoirement une ou plusieurs fonctions carboxyle ou une ou plusieurs fonctions hydroxyle et bétaïnisées par réaction avec l'acide chloracétique ou du chloracétate de soude. (8) amphoteric polymers of the -DXDX- type chosen from: a) the polymers obtained by the action of chloroacetic acid or sodium chloroacetate on compounds comprising at least one unit of formula: -DXDXD- (VII) where D designates a radical

and X denotes the symbol E or E ', E or E', which may be identical or different, denote a divalent radical which is a straight or branched chain alkylene radical having up to 7 carbon atoms in the unsubstituted or group-substituted main chain. hydroxyl and may further comprise oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, 1 to 3 aromatic and / or heterocyclic rings; the oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms being present in the form of ether, thioether, sulfoxide, sulfone, sulfonium, alkylamine, alkenylamine, hydroxyl groups, benzylamine, amine oxide, quaternary ammonium, amide, imide groups, alcohol, ester and / or urethane. b) polymers of formula: -DXDX- (VII ') where D denotes a radical

and X denotes the symbol E or E 'and at least once E', E having the meaning indicated above and E 'is a divalent radical which is a straight or branched chain alkylene radical having up to 7 carbon atoms in the main chain, substituted or not by one or more hydroxyl radicals and having one or more nitrogen atoms, the nitrogen atom being substituted by an alkyl chain interrupted optionally by an oxygen atom and having one or more obligatorily carboxyl functions or one or more hydroxyl functions and betainized by reaction with chloroacetic acid or sodium chloroacetate.

 (9) (C1-C5) alkyl vinyl ether / maleic anhydride copolymers partially modified by semiamidation with an N, N-dialkylaminoalkylamine such as N, N-

<Desc / Clms Page number 14>

 dimethylaminopropylamine or by semi-esterification with N, N-dialkanolamine. These copolymers may also comprise other vinylic comonomers such as vinylcaprolactam.

The amphoteric film-forming polymers that are particularly preferred according to the invention are those of the family (2), such as the copolymers whose CTFA name is octylacrylamide / acrylates / butylaminoethylmethacrylate copolymer, such as the products sold under the names AMPHOMER, AMHOMER LV 71 or LOVOCRYL 47 by the company National Starch and those of the family (4) such as methyl methacrylate / methyl dimethyl carboxymethylammonio methyl methacrylate copolymer, for example sold under the name DIAFORMER Z301 by SANDOZ.

The nonionic film-forming polymers that may be used according to the present invention are chosen, for example, from vinylpyrrolidone homopolymers; copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and of vinyl acetate; polyalkyloxazolines such as the polyethyloxazolines proposed by Dow Chemical under the names PEOX 50 000, PEOX 200 000 and PEOX 500 000; homopolymers of vinyl acetate such as the product sold under the name APPRETAN EM by the company HOECHST or the product sold under the name RHODOPAS A 012 by the company RHONE POULENC; copolymers of vinyl acetate and of acrylic ester, such as the product sold under the name RHODOPAS AD 310 from RHONE POULENC; copolymers of vinyl acetate and of ethylene, such as the product sold under the name Appretan TV by the company Hoechst; copolymers of vinyl acetate and of maleic ester, for example of dibutyl maleate, such as the product sold under the name APPRETAN MB EXTRA by the company HOECHST; copolymers of polyethylene and maleic anhydride; homopolymers of alkyl acrylates and homopolymers of alkyl methacrylates such as the product sold under the name MICROPEARL RQ 750 by the company MATSUMOTO or the product sold under the name LUHYDRAN A 848 S by the company BASF;

<Desc / Clms Page number 15>

 copolymers of acrylic esters such as, for example, copolymers of alkyl acrylates and of alkyl methacrylates such as the products offered by the company Rohm & Haas under the names PRIMAL AC-261 K and EUDRAGIT NE 30 D, by the BASF company under the names ACRONAL 601, LUHYDRAN LR 8833 or 8845, by HOECHST under the names APPRETAN N 9213 or N9212; copolymers of acrylonitrile and of a nonionic monomer chosen, for example, from butadiene and alkyl (meth) acrylates; mention may be made of the products sold under the names Nipol LX 531 B by the company Nippon ZEON or those sold under the name CJ 0601 B by the company Rohm &Haas; polyurethanes such as the products sold under the names ACRYSOL RM 1020 or ACRYSOL RM 2020 by the company ROHM & HAAS, the URAFLEX XP 401 UZ products, URAFLEX XP 402 UZ by the company DSM RESINS; copolymers of alkyl acrylate and urethane such as the product 8538-33 by the company National Starch; polyamides such as the product ESTAPOR LO 11proposed by the company RHONE POULENC.

chemically modified or unmodified nonionic guar gums.

The unmodified nonionic guar gums are, for example, the products sold under the name VIDOGUM GH 175 by the company UNIPECTINE and under the name JAGUAR C by MEYHALL. The modified nonionic guar gums that can be used according to the invention are preferably modified by hydroxy-C 1 -C 6 groups. By way of example, mention may be made of hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and hydroxybutyl groups.

These guar gums are well known in the state of the art and may for example be prepared by reacting corresponding alkene oxides, such as, for example, propylene oxides, with guar gum so as to obtain a gum of guar modified with hydroxypropyl groups.

Such nonionic guar gums optionally modified with hydroxyalkyl groups are for example sold under the trade names Jaguar HP8, Jaguar HP60 and Jaguar HP120, Jaguar DC 293 and Jaguar HP 105 by the

<Desc / Clms Page number 16>

 MEYHALL company, or under the name GALACTASOL 4H4FD2 by the company AQUALON.

The alkyl radicals of the nonionic polymers have 1 to 6 carbon atoms unless otherwise indicated.

According to the invention, it is also possible to use the grafted silicone-type film-forming polymers comprising a polysiloxane portion and a portion consisting of a non-silicone organic chain, one of the two portions constituting the main chain of the polymer, the other being grafted. on the said main chain. These polymers are for example described in the patent applications EP-A-0 412 704, EP-A-0 412 707, EP-A-0 640 105 and WO 95/00578, EP-A-0582 152 and WO 93 / 23009 and US Patents 4,693,935, US 4,728,571 and US 4,972,037. These polymers are preferably anionic or nonionic.

avec v étant un nombre allant de 5 à 700 ; les pourcentages en poids étant calculés par rapport au poids total des monomères. Such polymers are, for example, the copolymers that can be obtained by radical polymerization from the monomer mixture consisting of: a) 50 to 90% by weight of tert-butyl acrylate; b) 0 to 40% by weight of acrylic acid; c) 5 to 40% by weight of silicone macromer of formula:

with v being a number from 5 to 700; the percentages by weight being calculated with respect to the total weight of the monomers.

Other examples of grafted silicone polymers are in particular polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) on which are grafted, via a thiopropylene type connection link, mixed polymeric units of the poly (meth) acrylic acid and poly type. alkyl (meth) acrylate and polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) on which are grafted, via a thiopropylene type connecting link, polymeric units of the poly (meth) acrylate isobutyl type.

<Desc / Clms Page number 17>

It is also possible to use, as film-forming polymers, polyurethanes functionalized or not, silicone or not.

The polyurethanes particularly targeted by the present invention are those described in patents EP 0 751 162, EP 0 637 600, FR 2 743 297 and EP 0 648 485 of which the Applicant is a Holder, as well as patents EP 0 656 021 or WO 94 / 03510 of the BASF Company and EP 0 619 111 of the National Starch Company.

According to the invention, the styling polymer or polymers may represent from 0.1% to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to 10% by weight, and still more preferably from 1% to 7% by weight, total weight of the final composition.

The cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium is preferably constituted by water or a mixture of water and cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable solvents such as monoalcohols, polyalcohols, glycol ethers or esters of fatty acids, which can be used alone or mixed.

Mention may be made more particularly of lower alcohols such as ethanol, isopropanol, polyalcohols such as diethylene glycol, glycol ethers, alkyl ethers of glycol or of diethylene glycol.

The composition of the invention may also contain at least one additive chosen from surfactants, sequestering agents, softeners, foam modifiers, dyes, pearlescent agents, moisturizing agents, anti-dandruff or antiseborrhoeic agents, coating agents and the like. in suspension, ceramides, pseudoceramides, C16-C40 linear or branched chain fatty acids, hydroxy acids, electrolytes, thickeners, fatty acid esters, esters of fatty acids and glycerol, silicones , perfumes, preservatives, sunscreens, proteins, vitamins, polymers other than those of the invention, vegetable, animal, mineral or synthetic oils, silicones and any other additive conventionally used in the cosmetic field.

These additives are present in the composition according to the invention in proportions ranging from 0 to 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. The

<Desc / Clms Page number 18>

 The precise amount of each additive is a function of its nature and is readily determined by those skilled in the art.

Of course, one skilled in the art will take care to choose the optional compounds to be added to the composition according to the invention in such a way that the advantageous properties intrinsically attached to the composition according to the invention are not, or substantially not, altered by the proposed addition.

The compositions according to the invention may be in the form of a gel, a milk, a cream, a more or less thickened lotion or a mousse.

The compositions according to the invention are generally used as products especially for washing, care, conditioning, maintaining the hairstyle or shaping keratin materials such as hair.

The compositions of the invention may more particularly be in the form of shampoo, conditioner to be rinsed or not, compositions for permanent, straightening, coloring or bleaching, or in the form of hair products to be rinsed or not, to apply before or after shampooing, before or after coloring, discoloration, permanent or straightening, or between the two stages of a perm or straightening. Preferably, the compositions are washing compositions.

The compositions according to the invention, when they are in particular in the form of washing compositions such as shampoos, comprise a washing base, which is generally aqueous.

The surfactant or surfactants forming the washing base can be indifferently chosen, alone or in mixtures, from anionic, amphoteric, nonionic, zwitterionic and cationic surfactants.

The minimum amount of washing base is that just sufficient to give the final composition foaming power and / or satisfactory detergent.

<Desc / Clms Page number 19>

 Thus, according to the invention, the washing base can represent from 4% to 30% by weight, preferably from 10% to 25% by weight, and still more preferably from 12% to 20% by weight, of the total weight of the final composition.

The surfactants that are suitable for carrying out the present invention are, in particular: (i) anionic surfactant (s) Their nature is not, in the context of the present invention, of a truly critical nature.

Thus, by way of example of anionic surfactants which may be used, alone or as mixtures, in the context of the present invention, mention may be made in particular (nonlimiting list) of the salts (in particular alkaline salts, in particular sodium salts, ammonium salts, amine salts, aminoalcohol salts or magnesium salts) of the following compounds: alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl amido ether sulphates, alkyl aryl polyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates; alkyl sulphonates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl amido sulphonates, alkyl aryl sulphonates, α-olefin sulphonates, paraffin sulphonates; alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, alkyl amide sulfosuccinates; alkylsulfosuccinamates; alkylsulfoacetates; alkyl ether phosphates; acylsarcosinates; acylisethionates and N-acyltaurates, the alkyl or acyl radical of all these various compounds preferably containing from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, and the aryl radical preferably denoting a phenyl or benzyl group. Among the anionic surfactants that can still be used, mention may also be made of fatty acid salts such as the salts of oleic, ricinoleic, palmitic and stearic acids, coconut oil acid or hydrogenated coconut oil acid; acyl lactylates whose acyl radical has 8 to 20 carbon atoms. It is also possible to use weakly anionic surfactants, such as alkyl D galactoside uronic acids and their salts, as well as polyoxyalkylenated (C 6 -C 24) alkyl carboxylic ether acids, polyoxyalkylenated (C 6 -C 24) aryl ether carboxylic acids, and their salts, in particular those having 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups, and mixtures thereof.

Among the anionic surfactants, it is preferred to use, according to the invention, the alkyl sulphate and alkyl ether sulfate salts and their mixtures.

<Desc / Clms Page number 20>

 (ii) Nonionic surfactant (s): Nonionic surfactants are also well-known compounds per se (see in particular in this connection "Handbook of Surfactants" by MR PORTER, Blackie & Son editions ( Glasgow and London), 1991, pp. 116-178) and their nature does not, in the context of the present invention, of a critical nature. Thus, they may be chosen in particular from (non-limiting list) alcohols, alpha-diols, alkylphenols or polyethoxylated, polypropoxylated or polyglycerolated fatty acids having a fatty chain comprising, for example, 8 to 18 carbon atoms, the number of groups ethylene oxide or propylene oxide ranging in particular from 2 to 50 and the number of glycerol groups ranging in particular from 2 to 30. Mention may also be made of copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, oxide condensates ethylene and propylene on fatty alcohols, polyethoxylated fatty amides preferably having from 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide, polyglycerolated fatty amides comprising on average 1 to 5 glycerol groups and in particular 1.5 to 4 ; polyethoxylated fatty amines preferably having 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide; oxyethylenated sorbitan fatty acid esters having from 2 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide; fatty acid esters of sucrose, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, alkylpolyglycosides, N-alkylglucamines derivatives, amine oxides such as (C10-C14) alkyl oxides or oxides N-acylaminopropylmorpholine. It will be noted that alkylpolyglycosides constitute nonionic surfactants that fall particularly well within the scope of the present invention.

 (iii) Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant (s): Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants, the nature of which does not take place in the context of the present invention of a critical nature, may especially be (non-limiting list) derivatives of aliphatic secondary or tertiary amines, in which the aliphatic radical is a linear or branched chain containing 8 to 18 carbon atoms and containing at least one water-soluble anionic group (for example carboxylate, sulphonate, sulphate, phosphate or phosphonate); mention may also be made of (C 8 -C 20) alkyl betaines, sulfobetaines, (C 8 -C 20) alkylamidoalkyl (C 1 -C 6) betaines or (C 8 -C 20) alkylamido (C 1 -C 6) alkyl sulfobetaines.

<Desc / Clms Page number 21>

Among the amine derivatives, mention may be made of the products sold under the name MIRANOL, as described in patents US-2528378 and US-2781354 and classified in the CTFA dictionary, 3rd edition, 1982, under the names Amphocarboxy-glycinates and Amphocarboxypropionates of respective structures:
R 2 -CONHCH 2 CH 2 -N (R 3) (R 4) (CH 2 COO-) (2) in which: R 2 denotes an alkyl radical of a R 2 -COOH acid present in the hydrolysed coconut oil, a heptyl, nonyl or undecyl radical, R3 denotes a beta-hydroxyethyl group and R4 a carboxymethyl group; and
Wherein B represents -CH2CH2OX ', C represents - (CH2) Z -Y', with z = 1 or 2, X 'denotes the group -CH2CH2- COOH or a hydrogen atom Y 'denotes -COOH or the radical -CH2-CHOH-SO3H R2 denotes an alkyl radical of an R9 -COOH acid present in coconut oil or in hydrolysed linseed oil, an alkyl radical, especially C7, Cg, C11 or C13, a C17 alkyl radical and its iso form, an unsaturated C17 radical.

By way of example, mention may be made of the cocoamphocarboxyglycinate sold under the trade name MIRANOL C2M concentrated by MIRANOL.

 (iv) Cationic surfactants: Among the cationic surfactants, the nature of which does not fall within the scope of the present invention of a critical nature, mention may be made in particular (non-limiting list): salts of primary, secondary or tertiary fatty amines optionally polyoxyalkylenated; quaternary ammonium salts such as tetraalkylammonium, alkylamidoalkyltrialkylammonium, trialkylbenzylammonium, trialkylhydroxyalkylammonium or alkylpyridinium chlorides or bromides; imidazoline derivatives; or oxides of amines with a cationic character.

The subject of the invention is also a process for treating keratin materials such as the skin or the hair, characterized in that it consists in applying to the materials

<Desc / Clms Page number 22>

 keratin a cosmetic composition as defined above, then optionally perform a rinsing with water.

Thus, this method according to the invention allows the maintenance of the hairstyle, the treatment, care or washing or removing make-up of the skin, hair or any other keratin material.

The compositions of the invention may also be in the form of after-shampoo to be rinsed or not, compositions for permanent, straightening, coloring or bleaching, or in the form of compositions to be rinsed, to be applied before or after a coloration, a discoloration , a perm or a straightening or between the two stages of a perm or straightening.

The compositions of the invention may also be in the form of washing compositions for the skin, and in particular in the form of solutions or gels for bathing or showering or makeup removers.

The compositions according to the invention may also be in the form of aqueous or aqueous-alcoholic lotions for the care of the skin and / or the hair.

The cosmetic compositions according to the invention may be in the form of a gel, a milk, a cream, an emulsion, a thickened lotion or a mousse and may be used for the skin, the nails, the eyelashes, the lips and more particularly the hair.

When the composition according to the invention is packaged in the form of an aerosol in order to obtain an aerosol foam, it comprises at least one propellant which may be chosen from volatile hydrocarbons such as n-butane, propane, isobutane, pentane, a chlorinated and / or fluorinated hydrocarbon and mixtures thereof. It is also possible to use as propellant carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, dimethyl ether, nitrogen, compressed air and their mixtures.

The subject of the invention is also a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous substances such as the hair consisting in applying thereto a composition as defined above and then optionally in rinsing with water.

<Desc / Clms Page number 23>

 The invention will now be more fully illustrated by the following examples which can not be considered as limiting the described embodiments. In what follows, MA means Active Matter.

EXAMPLE 1 Two styling lotions of the following composition were prepared:

<Tb>
<tb> A <SEP> Invention <SEP> B
<tb> - <SEP> Inulin <SEP> quaternized <SEP> with <SEP> of <SEP> chloro-3 <SEP> 2-hydroxypropyl
<tb> trimethylammonium <SEP> (DS <SEP> - <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> / <SEP> PM <SEP> - <SEP> 3900) <SEP> 1 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> Hydroxyethylcellulose <SEP> cross-linked <SEP> with <SEP> of <SEP> epichlorohydrin <SEP> and
<tb> quaternized <SEP> with <SEP> of <SEP> the <SEP> triethanolamine <SEP> (JR <SEP> 400 <SEP> of <SEP> UNION <SEP> - <SEP> 1 <SEP> g <September>
<tb> CARBIDE)
<tb> - <SEP> Polyurethane-1 <SEP> (name <SEP> INCI) <SEP> in <SEP> solution <SEP> hydroalcoholic <SEP> to
<tb> 30% <SEP> of <SEP> material <SEP> active <SEP> 0.5 <SEP> gMA <SEP> 0.5 <SEP> gMA
<tb> (LUVISET <SEP> PUR <SEP> from <SEP> BASF)
<tb> - <SEP> Na <SEP> CI <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> g <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> g <SEP>
<tb> - <SEP> pH <SEP> 7.3 <SEP> 7.3
<tb> - <SEP> Demineralized <SEP> Water <SEP> qs <SEP> 100 <SEP> g <SEP> 100 <SEP> g
<Tb>
For this, wicks of 2.7 g of natural hair length L @ 27 cm are first moistened and then contacted with 1 g of composition A according to the invention for 5 minutes and then rinsed with water. The wicks still wet are then wound on hair curlers 2 cm in diameter and 7 cm long. The locks are then dried for 20 minutes with a helmet heater. After drying, the locks are released from curlers carefully and suspended by their attachment to a fixed support so that the hair hang freely under their own weight.

The same procedure is carried out as above with the comparative composition B.

<Desc / Clms Page number 24>

Each wick is combed 5 times We then measure the length (L) of curly locks suspended by their weight alone in front of a graduated panel.

They are then allowed to relax, still in the suspended state, for 24 hours at room temperature at 40/50% humidity. The length of the suspended strands then increases by a certain length (AL).

The lower this elongation AL, the better the styling behavior over time.

Thus, with composition B, the elongation was 19.6 cm (average of 6 wicks), whereas it was only 17.8 cm (average of 6 wicks) for composition A, an improvement in the reduction of the elongation of more than 9.2%, which reflects the best styling performance obtained thanks to the composition according to the invention.

EXAMPLE 2 The following hair styling shampoo composition was prepared:

<Tb>
<tb> - <SEP> Chloride <SEP> of <SEP> 3 <SEP> hydroxy-2propyl <SEP> trimethylammonio <SEP> inulin
<tb> (degree <SEP> of <SEP> substitution <SEP> 0.5 <SEP> / <SEP> PM <SEP> - <SEP> 2500) <SEP> 1 <SEP> g
<tb> - <SEP> Terpolymer <SEP> acid <SEP> acrylic / acrylate <SEP> ethyl / N- <SEP> 3 <SEP> gMA
<tb> tert-butylacrylamide
<tb> (Resin <SEP> ULTRA <SEP> HOLD <SEP> STRONG <SEP> from <SEP> BASF)
<tb> - <SEP> Lauryl ether (4,5 <SEP> OE) <SEP> carboxylate <SEP> of <SEP> sodium <SEP> 5 <SEP> gMA
<tb> (AKYPOSOFT <SEP> 45 <SEP> NV <SEP> from <SEP> KAO)
<tb> -alkyl (C9-C1 <SEP> 1) polyglucoside (1,4) <SEP> 3 <SEP> gMA
<tb> (KAG <SEP> 40 <SEP> from <SEP> KAO)
<tb> - <SEP> Chloride <SEP> of <SEP> sodium <SEP> 1.5 <SEP> g <SEP>
<tb> - <SEP> Demineralized <SEP> water <SEP> qs <SEP> 100 <SEP> g
<Tb>

Claims (21)

 1. cosmetic or dermatological composition for the treatment of keratin materials, characterized in that it comprises in a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium at least one cationic fructan and at least one styling polymer selected from anionic polymers, nonionic and amphoteric . 2- Composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the amine group can have the following formulas (1), (II) or (III): -A-N + R1 R2R3 (I) or -C (= NR4) -NR1 R2 (III) -A-NR1 R2 (II) in which A represents a linear or branched C2-C6 alkylene group, which optionally comprises one or more oxygen atoms, one or more carbonyl, imino or alkylimino groups, urethane, hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl or carbamoyl; R1 and R2, which are identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl, carboxymethyl, phosphonomethyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, propyl, isopropyl, allyl, hydroxypropyl or dihydroxypropyl radical or R1 and R2 may jointly designate with the nitrogen atom to which they Heterocyclic groups, such as piperidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, N'-alkylpiperazinyl, N '- (hydroxyalkyl) piperazinyl, N' - (aminoalkyl) piperazinyl hexamethyleneamino or morpholinyl are attached: R3 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl radical C2-C22, C2-C22 alkenyl, C2-C22 alkynyl, C3-C22 cycloalkyl, C7-C22 aralkyl; R4 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl, carboxymethyl, phosphonomethyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, propyl, isopropyl, allyl, hydroxypropyl or dihydroxypropyl radical. 3. Composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the group A is connected to the saccharide units of the fructan via an oxygen atom of said units. 4. Composition according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that A represents ethylene, propylene or 2-hydroxypropylene. <Desc / Clms Page number 26> 5- Composition according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that R1 and R2, identical or different, denote methyl or ethyl. 6. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the degree of substitution (average number of amine group per monosaccharide unit) is between 0.1 and 2.5 and in particular from 0.2 to 2. 7- Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fructan is inulin.  in which n is an integer from 0 to 10, A1 denotes a methylene group, optionally linked to the carbon atom of the unsaturated group or to the neighboring methylene group when n is greater than 1 by means of a heteroatom such as oxygen or sulfur, R7 denotes a hydrogen atom, a phenyl or benzyl group, R8 denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl or carboxyl group, Rg denotes a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a -CH2 group; -COOH, phenyl or benzyl; polymers comprising units derived from sulphonic acid such as vinylsulphonic, styrenesulphonic or acrylamidoalkylsulphonic units.

8. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the styling polymer is an anionic polymer chosen from: polymers containing carboxylic units derived from unsaturated mono- or di-carboxylic acid monomers of formula: 9. Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the anionic film-forming polymer is chosen from: acrylic acid copolymers such as acrylic acid / ethyl acrylate / N-tert-butylacrylamide terpolymer; <Desc / Clms Page number 27>  copolymers derived from crotonic acid, such as vinyl acetate / tert-butylbenzoate / crotonic acid terpolymers and crotonic acid / vinyl acetate / vinyl neododecanoate terpolymers; polymers derived from maleic, fumaric, itaconic acids or anhydrides with vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, phenylvinyl derivatives, acrylic acid and its esters, such as methyl vinyl ether / monoesterified maleic anhydride copolymers; ; copolymers of methacrylic acid and of methyl methacrylate; the copolymer of methacrylic acid and of ethyl acrylate; the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid copolymer; the vinyl acetate / crotonic acid / polyethylene glycol terpolymer. 10. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the styling polymer is an amphoteric polymer selected from polymers having units derived from: a) at least one monomer selected from acrylamides or substituted methacrylamides on nitrogen with an alkyl radical, b) with at least one acidic comonomer containing one or more reactive carboxylic groups, and c) at least one basic comonomer such as esters with primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary amino substituents of the acids. acrylic and methacrylic acid and the quaternization product of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate with dimethyl or diethyl sulfate. 11. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the styling polymer is a nonionic polymer chosen from: - polyalkyloxazolines; homopolymers of vinyl acetate; copolymers of vinyl acetate and of acrylic ester; copolymers of vinyl acetate and of ethylene; copolymers of vinyl acetate and of maleic ester; copolymers of polyethylene and maleic anhydride; homopolymers of alkyl acrylates and homopolymers of alkyl methacrylates; <Desc / Clms Page number 28>  copolymers of acrylic esters such as, for example, copolymers of alkyl acrylates and of alkyl methacrylates; copolymers of acrylonitrile and of a nonionic monomer chosen, for example, from butadiene and alkyl (meth) acrylates; and copolymers of alkyl acrylate and urethane. 12. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the styling polymer is a polyurethane functionalized or not, silicone or not. 13. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the cationic fructan is present in a concentration ranging from 0.01% to weight, and even more preferably from 0.1% to 3% by weight, of the total weight of the composition. 14. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the styling polymer is used in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to 10% by weight. weight, and even more preferably from 1% to 7% by weight, of the total weight of the composition 15. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it additionally contains at least one additive selected from sequestering agents, softeners, foam modifiers, dyes, pearlescent agents, agents moisturizers, anti-dandruff or anti-seborrhoeic agents, suspending agents, ceramides, pseudoceramides, C16-C40 linear or branched chain fatty acids, hydroxy acids, electrolytes, thickeners, acid esters fatty acids, esters of fatty acids and glycerol, silicones, surfactants, perfumes, preservatives, sunscreens, proteins, vitamins, polymers, vegetable, animal, mineral or synthetic oils and any other additive conventionally used in the cosmetic field. 16. Composition according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium is constituted by water or a mixture of water and at least one cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable solvent. <Desc / Clms Page number 29>  17. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the keratin materials are hair. 18. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is in the form of gel, milk, cream, lotion more or less thickened or foam. 19. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is a hair product chosen from the group consisting of shampoos; hair products to be rinsed or not, to be applied before or after shampooing, coloring, bleaching, perming or straightening, hair coloring, fading, permanent and straightening products. 20. Process for the cosmetic treatment of keratinous substances, in particular the hair, characterized in that it consists in applying to said materials a composition as defined according to any one of Claims 1 to 19 and then optionally carrying out a rinsing. 'water. 21. Use of a composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 19 for styling or shaping keratin fibers such as hair.