FR2594063A1

FR2594063A1 - Adjustable bench spanner

Info

Publication number: FR2594063A1
Application number: FR8516821A
Authority: FR
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-02-13
Filing date: 1986-02-13
Publication date: 1987-08-14

Abstract

Spanner for tightening and loosening nuts with variable dimensions which comprises two parallel jaws 2, one fixed 1 and the other sliding 2, and a pivoting handle 4 which bears upon the jaw 2 in the direction of sliding when the handle 4 is turned in the direct direction, and disengages the jaw 2 when the handle 4 is turned in the other direction. An elastic means 6 then tends to bring the two jaws together slightly, keeping them in contact with the component to be tightened whilst allowing the spanner to pivot about the said component without disengaging it from the jaws.

Description

Les clés a molette, telles qu'on les rencontre usuellement, présentent trois défauts auxquels la présente invention vise à remédier : - l'ajustement de la clé à un écrou, qui se fait tAU moyen d'une molette, est long, et nécessite les deux mains(ou beaucoup d'adresse) ; lors d'une opération de serrage, on est obligé de dégager périodiquement la clé du boulon pour la repositionner ;; - ei la clé n'et pas parfaitement positionnée lors du réglage de la molette, il Subsiste un jeu entre les machoires et le boulon ; le serrage peut alors détériorer ce dernier
Il existe des variétés de clés réglables qui remédient séparément aux défauts cités ici, mais aucune qui élimine les trois simultamément Par exemple, la clé objet du brevet 2 531 895 A1 corrige le second problème sus cité, mais ne rattrape pas le jeu résiduel, et ne permet pas un ajustement rapide @ la clé objet du brevet 2 426 541 permet un réglage rapide et corrige le second problème, mais ne rattrape pas le jeu résiduel.The wrenches, as they are usually encountered, have three faults which the present invention aims to remedy: - the adjustment of the wrench to a nut, which is done using a knurl, is long, and requires both hands (or a lot of skill); during a tightening operation, the key must be released periodically from the bolt to reposition it; - If the key is not perfectly positioned when adjusting the dial, there is a clearance between the jaws and the bolt; the tightening can then deteriorate the latter
There are varieties of adjustable keys which remedy the faults cited here separately, but none which eliminate all three simultaneously. For example, the key covered by patent 2,531,895 A1 corrects the second problem mentioned above, but does not make up for the residual play, and does not allow rapid adjustment @ the key object of patent 2 426 541 allows rapid adjustment and corrects the second problem, but does not make up for the residual play.

La présente invention concerne une clé réglable permettant de serrer ou déserrer des boulons et écrous, telle que si on la tourne dans le sens direct, une partie de l'énergie mise en oeuvre sert à assujettir la pièce à mouvoir aux machoires de la clé, et que si on la tourne à contresens, cet assujettissement se relache, ce qui permet de faire pivoter la clé autour de la pièce à mouvoir sans la désengager. La clé réglable selon l'invention peut être rapidement ouverte et refermée sur la pièce à mouvoir. Le jeu d@ à une malposition de la clé selon l'invention est généralement rattrapé lors du @errage, ce qui la rend d'emploi aisé. The present invention relates to an adjustable key making it possible to tighten or loosen bolts and nuts, such that if it is turned in the direct direction, part of the energy used serves to subject the part to be moved to the jaws of the key, and that if it is turned against the grain, this subjugation is relaxed, which makes it possible to rotate the key around the part to be moved without disengaging it. The adjustable key according to the invention can be quickly opened and closed on the part to be moved. The play of @ a malposition of the key according to the invention is generally caught up during the @errage, which makes it easy to use.

l'invention concerne donc une clé réglable comportant une tête de serrage, composée d'une machoire fixe et d'une machoire mobile, coulissant perpendiculairement au plan de serrage, et un manche pivotant par rapport à la dite tête de serrage, et comportant un élément d'appui qui tend à rapprocher la machoire mobile de la machoire fixe lorsqu'on tourne le manche dans le sens direct, en exerçant sur la machoire mobile une poussée dirigée approximativement selon l'axe de coulissement de la machoire mobile, le dit élément d'appui se dégageant de la machoire mobile lorsque@l'on tourne le manche dans le sens indirect, un moyen élastique tendant alors faiblement à rapprocher les machoires, les gardant en contact avec la pièce à mouvoir.Pour faciliter-l'ouverture manuelle de la cle,la machoire mobile est munie d'une encoche et d'une excroissance débouchant@ par l'axe de coulissement du coté de la machoire fixe et permettant 1 'écar- tement des machoires en position jointive par simple pression. the invention therefore relates to an adjustable key comprising a clamping head, composed of a fixed jaw and a movable jaw, sliding perpendicular to the clamping plane, and a handle pivoting relative to said clamping head, and comprising a support element which tends to bring the movable jaw closer to the fixed jaw when the handle is turned in the direct direction, by exerting on the movable jaw a thrust directed approximately along the sliding axis of the movable jaw, the said element support emerging from the movable jaw when @ the handle is turned in the indirect direction, an elastic means then tending slightly to bring the jaws together, keeping them in contact with the part to be moved. of the key, the movable jaw is provided with a notch and a projection opening out @ by the sliding axis on the side of the fixed jaw and allowing the jaws to spread apart in a joined position by simple pressure .

Dans l'un des modes de réalisation de la présente invention, le manche agit directement sur la machoire mobile par le biais d'une excroissance venant, lors de la rotation du manche dans le sens direct, appuyer sur une excroissance de la machoire mobile. La machoire mobile peut comporter plusieurs excroissances, l'une ou l'autre étant utilisée selon la taille de la pièce à serrer. L'effort est quasiment tangent à l'axe de coulissement de la machoire mobile. L'avantage de ce mode de-réalisation est sa simplicité de réalisation. In one of the embodiments of the present invention, the handle acts directly on the movable jaw by means of a protrusion coming, during the rotation of the handle in the direct direction, pressing on a protrusion of the movable jaw. The movable jaw may have several protuberances, one or the other being used depending on the size of the part to be clamped. The force is almost tangent to the sliding axis of the movable jaw. The advantage of this embodiment is its simplicity of implementation.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation de la présente invention, la machoire mobile est munie d'une crémaillère dont les dents sont de faible dimension, la tête de serrage comporte une cavité parallélépipédique venant en regard de la dite crémaillère. Dans' oette -cavite:'se trouve une pièce complètement mobile, munie elle aussi d'une crémaillère faisant vis à vis à celle de la machoire mobile. Cette pièce est de dimension légèrement inférieure à la cavité. Elle est en position intermédiaire entre la machoire mobile et l'extrémité du manche. Lors de la rotation, le manche, grâce à sa forme, vient dans un premier temps plaquer la pièce mobile contre la machoire mobile, puis dans un deuxième temps, déplace la pièce mobile latéralement, vers la machoire fixe, entrainant du même coup la machoire mobile par le biais des crémaillères.Lorsque l'onstourne@le manche en sens inverse, un ergot vient se loger dans une cavité correspondante de la pièce mobile et simultanément l'éloigne de la machoire mobile et la plaque contre la face de la cavité la plus éloignée de la machoire fixe. La machoire mobile est alors libérée. In another embodiment of the present invention, the movable jaw is provided with a rack whose teeth are small, the clamping head comprises a parallelepiped cavity coming opposite said rack. In 'oette -cavite:' there is a completely mobile part, also provided with a rack opposite to that of the movable jaw. This part is slightly smaller in dimension than the cavity. It is in an intermediate position between the movable jaw and the end of the handle. During rotation, the handle, thanks to its shape, comes first to press the moving part against the moving jaw, then in a second step, moves the moving part laterally, towards the fixed jaw, causing the jaw at the same time movable by means of the racks. When we turn the handle in the opposite direction, a lug is housed in a corresponding cavity of the moving part and simultaneously moves it away from the movable jaw and the plate against the face of the cavity. further from the fixed jaw. The movable jaw is then released.

L'avantage de ce mode de réalisation de l'invention est la qualité du maintien de la pièce W mouvoir : le mouvement de rapprochement des machoires, de faible amplitude, permet de corriger le jeu entre la piece et les machoires ; les crémaillères permettent de bloqer les machoires rigidement assurant un maintien correct de la pièce sans s;urcroit d'effort pour l'utilisateur.The advantage of this embodiment of the invention is the quality of the maintenance of the part W to move: the movement of bringing the jaws together, of small amplitude, makes it possible to correct the play between the part and the jaws; the racks allow the jaws to be rigidly locked ensuring correct maintenance of the part without any effort for the user.

L'invention sera décrite plus en détail en regard des dessins annexés à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs et sur lesquels - la figure 1 est une vue en plan d'une clé réglable selon l'invention, les machoires étant en position de travail - la figure 2 est une coupe d'un mode de réalisation d'une clé réglable selon l'invention, les machoires étant en position d'appui sur la pièce à serrer - la figure 3 est une coupe du mode de réalisation objet de la figure 2, les machoires étant libérées par le manche ;
lia figure 4 est une coupe d'un second mode de réalisation d'une clé réglable selon l'invention, les machoires étant en position d'appui sur la pièce à serrer - la figure 5 est une coupe du mode de réalisation objet de la figure 4, la machoire mobile étant libérée par le manche ;; la la @ figure 6 est une coupe transversale de la tète de serrage dans le mode de réalisation objet de la figure 4;
- la figure 7 est une vue de profil de la machoire mobile dans le mode de réalisation objet de la figure 4;
En se référant aux figures annexées 2 et 3 , on voit un premier mode de réalisation d'une clé réglable selon l'invention. Cette clé comporte une tète de serrage 0 solidaire d'une machoire fixe 1, une machoire mobile 2 coulissant en suivant une rainure 3, un manche 4 pivotant autour d'un axe 5 par rapport à la tète de serrage 0. Un élément élastique en compression 6 prenant appui sur une butée 7 repousse faiblement la machoire mobile 2 vers la machoire fixe t @ Le manche 4 vient rapprocher les machoires 1 et 2 au moyen de l'excroissance 8 qui vient en appui, lors de la rotation sur une forme correspondante de la machoire mobile 2 (9 ou 10).La rotation du manche 4 est limitée par les butées 11 et 12 solidaires de la tête de serrage.The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings by way of non-limiting examples and in which - FIG. 1 is a plan view of an adjustable key according to the invention, the jaws being in the working position - Figure 2 is a section of an embodiment of an adjustable key according to the invention, the jaws being in the support position on the workpiece to be clamped - Figure 3 is a section of the embodiment object of the figure 2, the jaws being released by the handle;
FIG. 4 is a section of a second embodiment of an adjustable key according to the invention, the jaws being in the support position on the part to be clamped - FIG. 5 is a section of the embodiment object of the Figure 4, the movable jaw being released by the handle; la @ Figure 6 is a cross section of the clamping head in the embodiment object of Figure 4;
- Figure 7 is a side view of the movable jaw in the embodiment object of Figure 4;
Referring to the appended figures 2 and 3, a first embodiment of an adjustable key according to the invention is seen. This key comprises a clamping head 0 secured to a fixed jaw 1, a movable jaw 2 sliding along a groove 3, a handle 4 pivoting about an axis 5 relative to the clamping head 0. An elastic element in compression 6 bearing on a stop 7 weakly pushes the movable jaw 2 towards the fixed jaw t @ The handle 4 comes to bring the jaws 1 and 2 together by means of the protrusion 8 which comes to bear, during rotation on a corresponding shape of the movable jaw 2 (9 or 10). The rotation of the handle 4 is limited by the stops 11 and 12 secured to the clamping head.

Lorsque le manche 4 est en butée sur 12, la machoire mobile 2 est libérée ; on peut alors faire pivoter la tête de serrage o par rapport à la pièce à mouvoir, l'élément 6 permettant aux machoires 1 et 2 de garder le contact avec la dite pièce. Lorsque la tête O est en position satisfaisante par rapport a la dite pièce < par exemple s'il s'agit d'un écrou, lorsque ses faces sont parallèles aux machoires > 1 l'actionnement. du manche dans le sens direct vient mettre. l'excroissance 8 en appui sur les parties 9 ou 10 de la machoire mobile 2 selon le taille de la pièce à mouvoir.When the handle 4 is in abutment on 12, the movable jaw 2 is released; one can then rotate the clamping head o relative to the part to be moved, the element 6 allowing the jaws 1 and 2 to keep in contact with said part. When the head O is in a satisfactory position with respect to said part <for example if it is a nut, when its faces are parallel to the jaws> 1 actuation. of the handle in the direct direction comes to put. the protrusion 8 resting on the parts 9 or 10 of the movable jaw 2 depending on the size of the part to be moved.

En se référant aux figures annexées 4,5,6,7, on voit un second mode de réalisation d'une clé réglable selon l'invention Les composants des figures sont numérotés de la méme façon que sur les figures 1,2,3 : les composants communs à toutes les figures ne sont pas redécrits ta tete de serrage O comporte une cavité parallélépipédique 13 venant en regard de la rainure 3. With reference to the appended figures 4,5,6,7, a second embodiment of an adjustable key according to the invention is seen. The components of the figures are numbered in the same way as in figures 1,2,3: the components common to all the figures are not re-described your clamping head O comprises a parallelepipedic cavity 13 coming opposite the groove 3.

Cette cavité comporte une pièce totalement mobile 14, grossièrement parallélépipédique, de dimension latérale légèrement inférieure à la cavité 13, munie sur la face qui est en regard de la rainure 3 d'une crémaillère 1'; dont les dents sont de faible dimension. La machoire mobile 2 est munie ele aussi d'une crémaillère 16 faisant vis à vis à la crémaillère 15.L'extrémité du manche 4 comporte une forme en escargot 17 qui vient plaquer la pièce mobile 14 sur la machoire mobile 2 lors de la rotation du manche 4 dans le sens direct Les crémaillères 15 et 16 sont alors engagées, rendant la machoire mobile 2 solidaire de la pièce mobile 14 dans tous ses déplacements latéraux, I.E. dans l'axe de la rainure 3.La dite extrémité comporte également une excroissance 8 qui vient, en fin de rotation, exercer un effort latéral sur la pièce mobile 14, la plaquant sur la paroi de la cavité 13 la plus proche de la machoire fixe 1. le dit effort latéral compense le jeu qui aurait pu subsister entre la pièce a mouvoir et les machoires t et 2. La dite extrémité comporte également un ergot 18 qui vient, lorsqu'on tourne le manche 4 dans le sens indirect, en s'insérant dans la forme concave 19 de la pièce mobile 14, plaquer la pièce mobile 14 contre la paroi de la cavité 13 la plus éloignée de la machoire fixe t et l'éloigner de la rainure 3. dégageant les crémaillères 15 et 16. This cavity comprises a completely movable part 14, roughly parallelepiped, with a lateral dimension slightly smaller than the cavity 13, provided on the face which faces the groove 3 with a rack 1 '; whose teeth are small. The movable jaw 2 is also provided with a rack 16 facing the rack 15. The end of the handle 4 has a snail-like shape 17 which presses the movable part 14 on the movable jaw 2 during rotation of the handle 4 in the direct direction The racks 15 and 16 are then engaged, making the movable jaw 2 integral with the movable part 14 in all its lateral displacements, IE in the axis of the groove 3. Said end also includes a protrusion 8 which comes, at the end of rotation, to exert a lateral force on the moving part 14, pressing it against the wall of the cavity 13 closest to the fixed jaw 1. said lateral force compensates for the play which could have remained between the moving part and jaws t and 2. Said end also includes a lug 18 which comes, when the handle 4 is turned in the indirect direction, by inserting into the concave shape 19 of the moving part 14, press the moving part 14 against the wall of the cavity 13 furthest from the fixed jaw t and move it away from the groove 3. releasing the racks 15 and 16.

Claims

1. Wrench which comprises a clamping head (O) having a fixed jaw (1) and a movable jaw (2) sliding along a groove <3>, a handle (4), a pivot <3> for supporting pivoting said clamping head at one end of said handle in a plane parallel to the axis of movement of said movable jaw, an actuating member (6) for urging said movable jaw (2) to move towards said fixed jaw (1), said handle (4> comprising at its end closest to said pivot (5) a support element <8> tending to push said movable jaw <2) towards said fixed jaw < 1> by pressing on a stop element (11,12,14), characterized in that said support element (8) exerts a thrust directed approximately along the axis of said groove (3) when said handle (4) is actuated in the direct direction, and in that said stop element integrally drives said movable jaw (2) along the axis of said groove (3 ) towards said fixed jaw (1) when said support element (8) exerts a thrust on it, and in that said support element (8) deviating from said stop element when said handle <4> is actuated in the indirect direction and forms with said clamping head (O) a sufficient angle, allowing said movable jaw (2) to move freely from said fixed jaw (1), the said actuating means (6) then being alone in pushing said jaws towards one another.

2. key according to claim 1 characterized in that said actuating member (6) is a spring housed in a cavity formed in said movable jaw (2) and maintained in compression by a stop located at the end of the said groove (3) opposite to said fixed jaw (1)

3. Key according to claim 1 characterized in that said abutment element (11, 12) is an integral projection of said movable jaw (2).

4. key according to claim 3 characterized in that 'said jaw (2) comprises several abutment elements (9, 10) parallel and distant so that said support element (8) can bear on any one of them depending on the size of the object to be moved.

5. key according to claim 1 characterized in that said tightening head (O) comprises a parallelepipedic cavity (13) opening onto said groove (3) and containing a completely mobile element (14) constituting said abutment element, of dimension slightly smaller than those of said cavity (13), provided with a coupling means (15, 16) making it integral with said movable jaw (2) along the axis of said groove (3) when it comes to bear on the face of said movable jaw (2) accessible from said cavity (13) and in that said handle (4) comprises in its end closest to said pivot (5) a means (17) which come to support said moving part (14) - on said movable jaw (2), thus making them integral, when said handle (4) is actuated in the direct direction, and before said thrust element (8) returns in action as set forth in claim l, said entry into action taking place only when said handle (4) and said head of s errage (o) form an angle greater than a certain threshold, and in that said handle (4) comprises at its end closest to said pivot (5) a rigid means of repulsion (18) which comes to move said element away stop (14) of said movable jaw (2) and move along the axis of said groove - (3) away from said fixed jaw (1) when said handle (4) is actuated in the indirect direction and forms with said clamping head (O) an angle greater than a certain threshold.

6. key according to claim 4 characterized in that said rigid pushing means (; 3) consists of -, @ @ got got opposite a cavity - (19) of said abutment element (14).

7. key according to claim 4 characterized in that said coupling means (15, 16) consists of two racks facing each other, whose teeth are small, the urea being located on said element stop (14), the other on said movable jaw (2).

8. key according to any one of the preceding claims - characterized in that said movable jaw 2 is provided with a notch 20 facilitating its gripping.

9. key according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said groove 3 opens out on the side of the said fixed jaw 1, and that the said movable jaw 2 presents when it is in contact with the said fixed jaw 1 a protuberance 21 of whatever shape opening out through said groove 3 and allowing the spacing of said jaws 1 and 2 by simple pressure.