FR2498013A1 - ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCE - Google Patents

Abstract

THE PRESENT INVENTION CONCERNS AN ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCE, WHICH INCLUDES A BULB 1 ARRANGED IN A SENSITIVELY SYMMETRICAL WAY TO THE AXIS OF THE LAMP, TRANSMITTING LIGHT AND CLOSED IN A WATERTIGHT OR VACUUM BY A MOUNT 2 IN A LIGHT-EMITTING MEANS 4 ACTION OF AN ELECTRIC CURRENT AND PROVIDED IN THE BULB, AND A 3 PLACE LAMP BASE IN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION THROUGH THE MOUNT WITH THE LIGHT EMITTER. THIS LIGHT SOURCE IS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT, ON THE FRAME 2, ARE PROVIDED WITH 5, 6 METAL CURRENT CONDUCTIVE SUPPORTS, AT THE END OF WHICH IS ELECTRICALLY AND MECANICALLY CONNECTED AS A LIGHT EMITTER, AN ESSENTIAL CHARGE OF 4 TUBULAR SHAPED AND CONTAINING A RARE GAS AND A FILLING SUBSTANCE, IN PARTICULAR SODIUM AND OR MERCURY. LIGHTING OF LIVING ROOMS WITH THE SAME EFFICIENCY AS INCANDESCENT LAMPS.

Description

The present invention relates to a quicomporte electric light source

  a light bulb substantially symmetrical to its axis, transmitting the light and sealingly sealed by a mount, a light emitting means under the action of an electric current housed in the bulb, and a

  socket connectable mechanically or electrically to a socket

  the outside, joined to said bulb, and placed in connection

  with said light emitting means through

  medium of the mount. According to the invention, an arrangement

  a new type of light sources that remain

  identical or very similar in their construction.

  conventional incandescent lamps by the identical shape of the bulb, base and

of the mount.

  As we know, conventional light sources

  as a means of emitting light, a filament with

  candescence that is mechanically and electrically connected

  to the mount, which emits light under the action of the

  electric power. The luminous efficiency of these lamps

  candescence is actually very low, but however because of the color of their light and rendering pleasant colors to which users have already become accustomed and their general historical dissemination to the public, these lamps are nowadays widely widespread on a large scale among the light sources of commerce, particularly for

interior lighting.

  As new light sources, we now know

  holding the high-pressure sodium lamps whose light-emitting means consists of a discharge vessel

  provided with a rare gas filling and metal additives

  liquefices, in particular a filling consisting of sodium, cadmium and / or mercury, the internal pressure prevailing in service in said enclosure rising around 105 Pa, while the envelope of this discharge vessel is made of aluminum oxide . These lamps are used on a larger scale especially for outdoor lighting applications, that is to say for the lighting of streets and squares. Great

  advantage of these lamps is their use factor, that is,

  that is to say, their very favorable luminous efficiency, which should justify the fact that, in view of the ever increasing energy prices, it is necessary to obtain the desired lighting for the wider use of such light sources.

  respective low power consumption. Their inconvenience

  However, the color rendering is insufficiently

  tisfaisant. The color of the light of the high-pressure sodium lamps is yellow-white, which corresponds to the requirements imposed on street lighting, but which does not, however, satisfy those required for the lighting of the rooms. interior dwelling. For such applications, a lamp should correspond to sufficient color rendering, especially in the case where it is intended to be used, for reasons

  of energy saving, to replace the incandescent lamps

  classic descent, so the irreproachable color rendition to which the public is now already accustomed. Another problem lies in the fact that the discharge chamber of high-pressure sodium lamps hitherto known is too long. The relatively thin and long tube, made of ceramic based on aluminum oxide or sapphire, is hermetically sealed at both ends by elements

  sealing. At the ends of said tubes are

  arranged electrodes which are connected by

  through the closure elements through an

  hermetic cheating, to current leads, which one

  can introduce into the interior space of the enclosure of de-

  charge. In the case of a 70 W high-pressure sodium lamp known per se, the length of the tube is 58 mm and its internal diameter is 3.5 mm, that is to say that the

  proportion of the inside diameter to the length is 16.5.

  It can easily be understood that light sources having such a geometry and in particular such a length, are not adaptable to incandescent lamps common in

  because of their external dimensions, because of their

  used killers and also because of the construction. The possibility of adaptation is particularlydifficult, among other things because of the other characteristics of the enclosure of

  long and thin discharge known per se and because of the

  different service and physical characteristics. These difficulties then come to the fore when using the discharge chambers known per se, in the lamps to

  high-pressure sodium vapor, for

  or where it is desired to use them to meet general lighting requirements. In this case, we do

  operate these lamps with some overload of the

  discharge belt in order to obtain a more favorable color rendition, or the discharge chambers are dimensioned so that they withstand a higher pressure by comparison

  with the current service pressure.

  The internal pressure of high-pressure sodium lamps is raised to a higher value in order to

  to whiten the yellow color. The pressure rise occa-

  However, there are some difficulties with rebooting. (During

  the AC power supply at the end of the half

  period, the discharge always ceases, and at the beginning of the half

  next period, the discharge must be re-established).

  High pressure causes difficulty in

  which is further complicated by the fact that the ionized gas as a result of the discharge would lead to

  the formation of a recombination, that is to say, a neu-

  under the action of the wall effect. To avoid these drawbacks, it has been proposed to increase the diameter, which has the consequence that the light excited in the gas is

  absorbed to a greater extent, and that

  problems (manufacture, hermetic sealing) related to the enclosure of the discharge chamber, arise with

  even more acuteness. The overload of the discharge chamber

  ge causes the increase of the service temperature, this

  which has the effect of further reducing the safety of

  ification of the discharge chamber for the given pressure.

  The object of the invention is to provide a light source

  electrical device capable of replacing incandescent lamps

  general classics desence and to offer the possibility of a

  such a replacement, so that said source is in accordance with

  Simple energy saving, that is to say, has a high light output, and is equivalent in color rendering and other optical parameters, to conventional incandescent lamps, and that this source can be manufactured in most cases by the technique of manufacturing incandescent lamps and

  to the means of equipment specific to this technique.

  The basic characteristic of the invention is based on the unexpected finding that in the case where a significantly shorter value is given to the length of the discharge vessel tube taking into account the diameter of said enclosure and where at the same time, a discharge vessel having a relatively small internal diameter is chosen, it is then possible to constitute an electric light source which can not only produce the corresponding light despite a high pressure and a necessary overload of the discharge vessel (because the small distance between the plasma of the discharge and the wall of the tube, the absorption of the excited light is minimal), but it is also possible to produce more easily the discharge chamber made according to the invention, compared with the constructions known per se, however obtaining a reliability of operation

  significantly higher. It has been found that the length of

  must be no more than 9 times as large as the aforesaid

  inner meter to achieve the desired beneficial effects.

  The invention therefore relates to an electric light source, which comprises an ampoule of substantially symmetrical shape with respect to the axis of the source, made of a light-transmitting material and sealed in a vacuum-tight manner by a mounting, an emitting means light under the action of the electric current and disposed inside said bulb, and a cap mechanically and electrically connectable to an outer socket, joined to the bulb, and placed in electrical connection with said transmitter means; light through said mount. According to the invention, on the frame are arranged electrically conductive supports, of metal type, at the ends of which is connected electrically and mechanically, as a means

  light emitter, a discharge chamber of

  tubular, containing a rare gas and a filler, in particular sodium, cadmium and / or mercury. The light source of the invention can be easily manufactured andassassed automatically on conventional machines used for the production of lamps. The light source of the invention essentially uses components of a similar nature to those fitted to incandescent lamps, with the exception of the incandescent filament, in the place of which a discharge chamber of the same type is used.

corresponding dimensions.

  As far as manufacturing is concerned, it is of

  particularly large as the length of the loudspeaker

  the light source can be selected

  than the largest dimension between the base and the

  discharge in the direction perpendicular to

the axis of symmetry of the lamp.

  In the light source of the invention, the largest

  inside diameter of the discharge chamber tube,

  made of ceramic based on aluminum oxide or sapphire, is advantageously equal to a maximum of 5.5 mm. In this way, electric light sources having a wattage of up to 100 W can be made, in which the largest diameter of the bulb is 70 mm. Another advantage

  lies in the fact that with such geometric dimensions

  the tubes of the discharge chamber can be produced

  under very low geometric tolerances, which is also

  very favorable from the point of view of the hermetic closing

  tick. Due to the security of the favorable closure mentioned above, the light source is safely and reliably provided with higher operating reliability and service life under high operating pressure and overload. In the discharge chamber of the light source of the invention, the distance between the electrode tips and the ends of the discharge chamber is 5 to 10 mm depending on the respective powers. This way, we

  can establish from the relationship between length and

  meter of the tube, a certain relation, or one can de-

  terminate a relationship between the length of the arc generated between the tips of the electrodes and the inside diameter of the tube. The electrical light sources of the invention can always be arranged, in accordance with the desired fields of application, in a manner analogous to conventional incandescent lighting lamps, whose efficiency is achieved by the light sources of the invention. We can

  to create light sources with light bulbs

  tinted lees, possibly with a trans-

  selectively setting the spectrum of radiation, and in particular

  special reflector of light and / or

the heat.

  For the operation of gas discharge lamps, it is necessary, as is known, to resort to

  the use of current-limiting ballasts, possibly supplying

  priming impulses, or promoting the amor-

  cage. In accordance with the invention, it is conceivable that

  my advantageous realization of the light source

  the invention in the form of so-called compact lamps, so that said lamps present on the neck portion

  of the bulb and / or on the lamp base, limiting

  current drivers, adaptable, body-shaped presence

  of revolution, jointly incorporated in the lamp or adapted

  table thereof and can be electrically connected with it, said bodies constituting ballasts possibly supplying priming pulses. The ballast may contain a high frequency converter, made with semiconductors, at least some of the switching elements or building elements that can be arranged in

the lamp base.

  Other features and advantages of the invention

  will emerge more clearly from reading the description

  which will follow some embodiments of the invention given as indicative examples, but in no way limiting with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: Figure 1 shows the electric light source of the invention with a shaped bulb pear; FIG. 2 represents the light source of the invention with a mushroom-shaped bulb,

  which is mostly used in the case of

  gaseous filling of krypton;

  Figure 3 shows the light source

  se of the invention in a phase of its assembly which corresponds to the initial phase of welding, with the relative position of the components; and

  Figure 4 shows the light source

  electrical power of the invention without a base, after welding and

evacuation by pumping.

  The electric light source of the invention can be provided with a bulb commonly fitted to incandescent lamps, such as for example a pear-shaped bulb, that is to say provided with a dome-shaped part of spherical shape ( see Fig. 1), or a mushroom-shaped bulb (see Fig. 2) which is generally used for the manufacture of gas-filled incandescent lamps

krypton.

  At a base 3 of the lamp, which is optionally provided with a thread, a bulb 1 in the form of a

  body of revolution, made of glass, in which we

  in a manner known per se, a mount 2. To the mount 2 is mechanically and electrically connected a discharge chamber 4. In mount 2, we drown in a manner known per se,

  supports 5 and 6 passing through said frame hermetically

  tick, which are electrically connected by their ends, which are in the interior of the bulb 1, to the discharge chamber 4 by current leads 43, 44,

  and connected to said enclosure 4 via bridging

  41, 42. The flanges 41, 42 surround the tubular portion of the discharge chamber 4, which is arranged in the horizontal direction of the bulb 1, that is to say

  perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the lamp.

  The supports 5 and 6 must be made of a material

  thicker and stronger in comparison with

24980 1 3

  According to one embodiment of the light source of the invention, the discharge vessel is manufactured from an aluminum oxide ceramic tube or a sapphire tube, the inner diameter is 3.5 mm and the length is 24 mm. The current leads 43, 44 form, by their protruding parts out of the ends of the discharge vessel, or by their substantially horizontal parts

  and bent for attachment to brackets 5 and 6, the extension

  maxion h (see Figure 3) of the mount 2 in a direction transverse to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the lamph, rising to 31 mm. In this way, the frame 2 can be introduced unhindered into the bulb B of a

  40 W incandescent lamp in the region indicated

  indicated by the arrow A in Figure 3, because the inte-

  the smallest of the bulb B is 32 mm in the case

  represented, this introduction being carried out as a

  intermediate ration of the preparation and assembly of

  lamps, among others before the so-called

  when the welding operations are undertaken by heating during the rotation of the lamp. In agreement

  with the current technique, used in machines that use

  for the production of conventional lamps; after welding, we put the interior space of the outer bulb 1

  vacuum pumped and eventually, we fill this space

  this interior with an inert gas via a suction tube E. After welding the suction tube E, is an intermediate product shown in Figure 4, which is designed to be provided with the base 3 lamp, in a manner known per se. The light sources of the invention can be produced in this way. In the ends of the aluminum oxide ceramic tube, which is

  example with a length of 24 mm and a diameter of

  3.5 mm, the electrodes are arranged with a

  16 mm. The discharge chamber 4 is filled with xenon and sodium-cadmium alloy containing 8% sodium. The electric light source, which is manufactured according to the above characteristics, has a wattage of

  W, as well as a luminous flux of 2300 lumens. This means

  Four times as much light output as 40W incandescent lamps used in conventional lighting applications,

a similar aspect.

  Following the method of construction described above for the lamp of the invention, is carried out by way of example

  light sources which are likely to emit practically

  a white light with a very light wattage

  increased, exclusively as a result of the decrease in

  between the 4-12 mm electrodes in the test chamber.

charge.

  It is understood that the invention can be implemented

  following numerous modifications and variants without

  deviate from the framework and spirit of the said invention.

  tion. This is how the light sources can be

  bricks according to many embodiments in which one can vary the dimensions of the enclosure

  the type and method of closing and sealing

  the type and mode of the supply of electricity, the replacement

  pleating of the whole, the manufacture of the bulb, the type

  of base, wattage, optical and electrical parameters.

Claims (9)

  1. Electrical light source, which includes an   hen arranged substantially symmetrically with the axis of the lamp, transmitting the light and sealingly closed or   emptied by a mount, a means of emitting light under the   tion of an electric current and arranged in the bulb, and a   lamp base which can be connected mechanically and electrically   triply to a socket, forming a unit with the bulb and   placed in electrical connection through the   with the light-emitting means, characterized in that on the frame (2) there are current-conducting metallic supports (5, 6), at the end of which is connected electrically and mechanically as   light emitting means, an enclosure (4) for discharging   of tubular form and containing a rare gas and a filling substance, in particular sodium, cadmium and / or mercury.   2. Light source according to claim 1, characterized   due to the fact that the length of the tubular-shaped discharge chamber (4) is at most equal to 9 times the diameter inside said enclosure.   3. Light source according to claim 1 or 2, characterized   by the fact that the discharge chamber (4) is   ^ 5 in the plane of symmetry of the bulb (1) or perpendicular stretching to the plane.   4. Electric light source according to any one of   Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the   length of the discharge chamber (4) is less than the   largest dimension of the bulb (1) taken perpendicularly   to the axis of symmetry, in the space between   base (3) and the enclosure (4) discharge.   5. Electric light source according to any one of   claims 1 to 4, characterized in that   less on a part of the surface of the bulb (1) is pre-   surface and / or tinted and / or transmitting   the light of the discharge chamber (4).   6. An electric light source according to any one of   Claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that he   part of the surface of the bulb (1) is provided with a coating   transmitting light and / or reflecting heat.   7. Electric light source according to any one of   Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that   is provided with a ballast connected to the base (3), preferably at least partially arranged in said base (3), and preferably including a current-limiting member   a body of revolution, possibly delivering initiating pulses.   Electric light source according to claim 7,   characterized by the fact that the ballast is provided with a conver- high frequency weaver.   9. Electric light source according to any one   claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the di-   maximum bulb (1) is 70 mm maximum, electrical wattage is 100 W maximum, and the largest   internal diameter of the discharge vessel (4) is at most 5.5 mm.