FI70041C - Papperslim och foerfarande foer dess framstaellning - Google Patents
Papperslim och foerfarande foer dess framstaellning Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FI70041C FI70041C FI801199A FI801199A FI70041C FI 70041 C FI70041 C FI 70041C FI 801199 A FI801199 A FI 801199A FI 801199 A FI801199 A FI 801199A FI 70041 C FI70041 C FI 70041C
- Authority
- FI
- Finland
- Prior art keywords
- rosin
- resin
- water
- dispersion
- reinforced
- Prior art date
Links
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 claims 3
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001180 sulfating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 12
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011436 cob Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 sulpho substituents Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 235000018185 Betula X alpestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018212 Betula X uliginosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000414967 Colophon Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000294754 Macroptilium atropurpureum Species 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000206 health hazard Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007970 homogeneous dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005608 naphthenic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004533 oil dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/62—Rosin; Derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Claims (9)
1. Förfarande för framställning av papperslim medelst inversionsförfarandet i form av en vattendispersion med en hög hait av fritt harts, av förstärkt kolofoniumharts och/ eller oförstärkt kolofoniumharts, vatten och anjoniska dispergermedel, kännetecknat därav, att disper-sionen framställs genom att säsom dispergermedel använda polyetoxilerat, sulfaterat kolofonium eller ett derivat därav i en mängd av 1 - 10 vikt-% beräknat pä totalmängden av fastämnen i dispersionen.
2. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1, kännetecknat därav, att det polyetoxilerade, sulfaterade kolofoniet. eller dess derivat är förstärkt med ett förstärkningsämne, vilket baserar sig pä eno<, β-omättad alifatisk karboxylsyra eller dess anhydrid.
3. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1, kännetecknat därav, att det polyetoxilerade, sulfaterade kolofoniet är närvarande i form av ett sait.
4. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 2 eller 3, kännetecknat därav, att det polyetoxilerade, sulfaterade kolofoniet innehäller cirka 35 - 70 vikt-% etylenoxid beräknat pä mängden av dispergermedlet.
5. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1, kännetecknat därav, att i papperslimmet ingär ett eller flera fyll-medel.
6. Förfarande enligt nägot av patentkraven 1-4, kännetecknat därav, att vid framställning av dispergermedlet används amidosulfonsyra säsom sulfateringsämne.
7. Förfarande enligt patentkravet 1, kännetecknat därav, att dispersionen framställs utan användning av en skyddskolloid säsom kasein eller andra proteiner.
8. Papperslim i form av en vattendispersion med en hög hait av fritt harts, av förstärkt kolofoniumharts och/eller oförstärkt kolofoniumharts, vatten och anjoniska dispergermedel·, kännetecknat därav, att det innehäller cirka 10 - 60 vikt-% förstärkt och/eller oförstärkt kolofonium,
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2917439A DE2917439C2 (de) | 1979-04-28 | 1979-04-28 | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Papierleimungsmittels |
| DE2917439 | 1979-04-28 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FI801199A7 FI801199A7 (fi) | 1980-10-29 |
| FI70041B FI70041B (fi) | 1986-01-31 |
| FI70041C true FI70041C (fi) | 1986-09-12 |
Family
ID=6069602
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI801199A FI70041C (fi) | 1979-04-28 | 1980-04-15 | Papperslim och foerfarande foer dess framstaellning |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4422879A (sv) |
| AT (1) | AT373315B (sv) |
| BE (1) | BE882924A (sv) |
| CA (1) | CA1134556A (sv) |
| CH (1) | CH647023A5 (sv) |
| DE (1) | DE2917439C2 (sv) |
| FI (1) | FI70041C (sv) |
| FR (1) | FR2455122A1 (sv) |
| GB (1) | GB2048325B (sv) |
| IT (1) | IT1143019B (sv) |
| NL (1) | NL8002117A (sv) |
| NO (1) | NO160308C (sv) |
| SE (1) | SE448892B (sv) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8407096D0 (en) * | 1984-03-19 | 1984-04-26 | Albright & Wilson | Surfactant |
| GB8522844D0 (en) * | 1985-09-16 | 1985-10-23 | Albright & Wilson | Dispersible active sizing compositions |
| US6572736B2 (en) | 2000-10-10 | 2003-06-03 | Atlas Roofing Corporation | Non-woven web made with untreated clarifier sludge |
| US20050090566A1 (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-28 | Nitzman Alan F. | Synthetic resins in casein-stabilized rosin size emulsions |
| WO2023086337A1 (en) | 2021-11-10 | 2023-05-19 | Swimc Llc | Rosin-based polymer for stain-blocking coating compositions |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1970578A (en) * | 1930-11-29 | 1934-08-21 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Assistants for the textile and related industries |
| US3034910A (en) * | 1959-07-31 | 1962-05-15 | Buckeye Cellulose Corp | Production of regenerated cellulose filaments from wood pulp |
| NL268563A (sv) | 1960-08-31 | |||
| GB1297374A (sv) | 1969-11-18 | 1972-11-22 | ||
| US3671461A (en) * | 1969-12-18 | 1972-06-20 | Arizona Chem | Process for controlling foams in aqueous systems and composition therefor |
| CA1084801A (en) | 1975-06-23 | 1980-09-02 | Russell J. Kulick | Rosin dispersions of improved stability |
| AU504229B2 (en) * | 1975-11-17 | 1979-10-04 | A.C. Hatrick Chemicals Pty. Ltd. | Aqueous disperse of fortified rosin |
| US4065404A (en) * | 1976-06-15 | 1977-12-27 | Cities Service Company | Tall oil defoamer for high strength acid media |
| DE2654498A1 (de) * | 1976-12-01 | 1978-06-08 | American Home Prod | Elektroschockvorrichtung |
-
1979
- 1979-04-28 DE DE2917439A patent/DE2917439C2/de not_active Expired
-
1980
- 1980-04-11 NL NL8002117A patent/NL8002117A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1980-04-14 CH CH283680A patent/CH647023A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-04-14 IT IT48405/80A patent/IT1143019B/it active
- 1980-04-15 FI FI801199A patent/FI70041C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-04-23 BE BE0/200332A patent/BE882924A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-04-24 CA CA000350619A patent/CA1134556A/en not_active Expired
- 1980-04-24 AT AT0222280A patent/AT373315B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-04-24 FR FR8009264A patent/FR2455122A1/fr active Granted
- 1980-04-25 NO NO801213A patent/NO160308C/no unknown
- 1980-04-25 SE SE8003160A patent/SE448892B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1980-04-25 GB GB8013711A patent/GB2048325B/en not_active Expired
-
1982
- 1982-07-26 US US06/402,189 patent/US4422879A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT373315B (de) | 1984-01-10 |
| NO160308B (no) | 1988-12-27 |
| SE8003160L (sv) | 1980-10-29 |
| FI70041B (fi) | 1986-01-31 |
| IT1143019B (it) | 1986-10-22 |
| DE2917439C2 (de) | 1981-10-08 |
| IT8048405A0 (it) | 1980-04-14 |
| DE2917439A1 (de) | 1980-10-30 |
| CA1134556A (en) | 1982-11-02 |
| FI801199A7 (fi) | 1980-10-29 |
| GB2048325B (en) | 1983-03-16 |
| FR2455122B1 (sv) | 1984-12-21 |
| US4422879A (en) | 1983-12-27 |
| GB2048325A (en) | 1980-12-10 |
| CH647023A5 (de) | 1984-12-28 |
| NO801213L (no) | 1980-10-29 |
| BE882924A (fr) | 1980-08-18 |
| NO160308C (no) | 1989-04-05 |
| FR2455122A1 (fr) | 1980-11-21 |
| SE448892B (sv) | 1987-03-23 |
| NL8002117A (nl) | 1980-10-30 |
| ATA222280A (de) | 1983-05-15 |
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Owner name: AKZO NV |