FI20235872A1

FI20235872A1 - Learning and transmission method of context information for a wireless communication network

Info

Publication number: FI20235872A1
Application number: FI20235872A
Authority: FI
Inventors: Ville Kaseva; Juho Pirskanen; Joonas Viskari
Original assignee: Wirepas Oy
Priority date: 2023-08-07
Filing date: 2023-08-07
Publication date: 2025-02-08
Also published as: WO2025032284A1

Abstract

The application relates to a learning and dissemination system (100) of a context information (CX) for a wireless communication network (102). The system comprises a border routing device (103) and the wireless communication network, which comprises at least one radio node device (104). The border routing device is configured to operate between the wireless communication network and at least one external communication network (106). Each radio node device (104) is configured to establish a radio communication with another radio node device (104). After learning (220) the context information from a received communication (UL, DL), the border routing device (103) is configured to generate (220) an entry information (EN) on grounds of the learnt context information for disseminating the entry information to the at least one radio node device in the wireless communication network.

Description

LEARNING AND DISSEMINATION SYSTEM OF A CONTEXT INFORMATION

FOR A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK

Technical field

The application relates generally to a learning and dissemination system of a con- text information for a wireless communication network.

Background

Multiple compression mechanisms of an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) header are based on shared contexts between radio node devices, which store the re- ceived shared contexts to their memories. These compression mechanisms are important, because radio technologies, which are used by the radio node devices, have limited capabilities. The compression mechanisms enable shorter communi- cation packets, which contribute to a performance of radio networks, e.g. reduced probabilities of packet collisions and transmission errors, a reduced amount of transfer delays, and a reduced power consumption of the radio node devices.

Each radio node device, which operates as a sender of an IPv6 communication packet, may use these contexts to compress (replace) information in a full IPv6 header comprised in the communication packet with shorter context identifiers (CID). Correspondingly, each radio node device, which operates as a receiver of the communication packet, can use the shared contexts and context identifiers in the communication packet to decompress (construct) again the full IPv6 header.

The use of contexts in a header compression is explained e.g. in specifications of

IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN), technologies, & which uses 6LOWPAN methods, e.g. Thread and Wireless Smart Utility Network

N (Wi-SUN) technologies; and Robust Header Compression (ROHC).

O

S 25 The standardized header compression mechanism for 6L0oWPANs uses shared

I contexts to compress arbitrary IPv6 address prefixes, full IPv6 addresses, or both, > but it however leaves open how these contexts are configured to radio nodes. The

S standardized neighbor discovery mechanism for 6LoVWPANSs provides one method 2 to configure the contexts from a border routing device to radio node devices by us-

I 30 ing an extension to the IPv6 neighbour discovery mechanism, which uses Internet

Control Message Protocol for IPv6 (ICMPv6) messages, but it leaves open how these contexts are configured to the border routing device.

The header compression mechanism ROHC establishes contexts only between two communication endpoints, e.g. between two radio node devices, per connec- tion. The ROHC provides an automatic method to establish contexts, but it occurs only between two communication endpoints.

Summary

One object of the invention is to withdraw the drawbacks of known solutions and to provide a learning and dissemination system of a context information, which opti- mizes a communication between a wireless communication network and an exter- nal network. The provided system enables to configure the context information to a — border routing device, which is a source of the context information to radio node devices of the wireless communication network, by automatically learning and con- figuring the context information to the wireless communication network, which comprises said radio node devices.

The provided system also reduces signalling overhead by means of the compres- sion and enables to adopt the compression wider and quicker than previous sys- tems.

One object of the invention is fulfilled by providing the learning and dissemination system, border routing device, learning and dissemination method, computer pro- gram, and computer-readable medium according to the independent claims.

Embodiments of the invention are explained in the independent and dependent claims.

One learning and dissemination system of a context information for a wireless

Q communication network comprises a border routing device and the wireless com-

N munication network, which comprises at least one radio node device. The border 3 25 routing device is configured to operate between the wireless communication net- 5 work and at least one external communication network. Each radio node device is

I configured to establish a radio communication with another radio node device. Af- > ter learning the context information from a received communication, the border

S routing device is configured to generate an entry information on grounds of the 2 30 learnt context information for disseminating the entry information to the at least

I one radio node device in the wireless communication network.

One border routing device for learning a context information and disseminating the context information to a wireless communication network comprises a controller and a communicator. The controller is configured to control the border routing de- vice to operate between the wireless communication network, which comprises at least one radio node device capable of establishing a radio communication with another radio node device, and at least one external communication network. The controller is further configured to generate, after a learning of the context infor- mation from a received communication, an entry information on grounds of the learnt context information for disseminating, by means of the communicator, the entry information to the at least one radio node device in the wireless communica- tion network.

One learning and dissemination method of a context information for a wireless communication network comprises a following step of operating, by a border rout- ing device, between the wireless communication network, which comprises at least one radio node device capable of establishing a radio communication with another radio node device, and at least one external communication network. The method further comprises a following step of learning, by the border routing de- vice, the context information from a received communication. The method further comprises a following step of generating, by the border routing device, an entry in- formation on grounds of the learnt context information for disseminating the entry information to the at least one radio node device in the wireless communication network.

One computer program comprising instructions, which, when the computer pro- gram is executed by a controller, cause a border routing device, which is in ac- cordance with the previous border routing device example, to carry out at least the steps of the previous learning and dissemination method. = 25 One tangible, non-volatile computer readable medium comprises the computer

N program, which is in accordance with the previous computer program example. 00

N Brief description of the figures

E The exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained with reference to the

V accompanying figures: 3 30 fig. 1 presents a learning and dissemination system of a context information < for a wireless communication network fig. 2 presents a flowchart of a learning and dissemination method fig. 3 presents how context information is obtained and entry information is disseminated by means of internet packet fig. 4 presents operational parts of a border routing device

Detailed description of the figures

Fig. 1 presents a wireless communication environment, wherein a learning and dissemination system 100 is configured to operate.

The system 100 comprises a wireless radio communication network (system) 102, which comprises at least one wireless radio node (communication) device 104, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more devices 104.

The network 102 may be any network that uses communication (transmission) packets in the communication, e.g. in beacon signalling or in data exchanging be- tween the devices 104. The network 102 may be any network that uses a multi- hop communication, i.e. communication packets may be delivered over at least two consecutive radio links (devices 104), e.g. two, three, four, five or more radio links, between the devices 104. The network 102 may be a network that complies

Digital European Cordless Telecommunications (DECT-2020 NR) standard, which is a radio access technology developed by European Telecommunications Stand- ards Institute (ETSI). Some non-limiting examples, which the network 102 may al- so be, but is not limited to, comprise a wireless multi-hop network, wireless mesh network, e.g. a wireless sensor network (WSN), e.g. the WSN explained in patent publication US 8,064,363; a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) mesh network, a Zigbee network, a Thread network, a Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), a Wireless Lo- cal Area Network (WLAN), a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), a cellular based local area network, a cellular network, or any other wireless networks.

Each on-network (on-mesh) device 104 is configured to operate on a same spec- & trum, which comprises at leat one frequency band, e.g. one, two, three, four, or

N 25 five frequency bands, at a same geographical area, e.g. within the presented envi- <Q ronment. Each frequency band may comprise at least one frequency channel, e.g.

S one, two, three, four, or five freguency channels. The use of same spectrum ena-

E bles a unidirectional (one-way) communication as well as a bi-directional radio

N communication between the devices 104 in the network 102, whereupon radio 5 30 communications transmitted by one device 104 may be received by another de-

N vice 104 and vice versa.

Al

As above has been explained, each device 104 is configured to establish, by means of its radio communicator, a radio communication, e.g. a unidirectional or bi-directional radio communication, with at least one other device 104, e.g. one,

two, three, four, or more devices 104. This means that each device 104 may oper- ate as a transmitter, as a receiver, or as a transmitter-receiver when it communi- cates (transmits) at least one communication UL, DL, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more communications, to other device(s) 104 and receives at least one communi- 5 cation UL, DL from other device(s) 104 in the network 102.

The system 100 also comprises at least one gateway device 105, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more gateway devices. Each gateway device 105 is configured to operate as a gateway between the network 102 and other at least one external network 106, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more external networks, and to deliver data to the network 102 and from the network 102. Each gateway device 105 is configured to communicate with at least one external (off-network, e.g. off-mesh) radio communication device 107, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more external de- vices, in the external network(s) 106, e.g. Internet. Each gateway device 105 is al- so configured to communicate with at least one sink device (node) 104, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more sink devices.

The gateway device(s) 105 may comprise at least one border routing (router) de- vice 103, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more border routing devices, or a border routing functionality, whereupon the gateway device(s) 105 is configured to oper- ate as a border routing device. Each border routing device 105 is configured to operate, by means of a controller 430 and a communicator 436, between the net- work 102 and the other external network(s) 106 as well as to deliver data from the other external network(s) 106 to the network 102 and vice versa by means of at least one sink device 104.

Each border routing device 103 is also configured to obtain, by means of the con-

Q 25 troller 430 and the communicator 436, a context information (data), which com-

N prises data items for different context entities inside the device(s) 104, 107, from a 3 received communication UL, DL, from a configuration information, or from both 5 methods UL, DL. Each border routing device 103 is also configured to learn, by

I means of the controller 430, the obtained context information CX and to generate, > 30 by means of the controller 430, a table entry information EN on the grounds of the

S learnt context information CX. Each border routing device 103 is also configured to 2 disseminate, by means of the controller 430 and the communicator 436, the entry

I information EN at least partly, e.g. partly or completely, to at least all relevant de- vices 104 or, alternatively, to all devices 104 in the network 102.

The device(s) 104 comprises the at least one sink device 104, 104a, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more sink devices. Each sink device 104, is configured to communi- cate with the gateway device(s) 105 as above already explained. Each sink device 104 is also configured to operate as a radio interface for the gateway device(s) 105 in the network 102. Each sink device 104 may locate physically in connection with one gateway device 105 or separately in a different part of the network 102. If the gateway device(s) 105 comprises several sink devices 104, at least one, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more, may locate in connection with the gateway device(s) 105 and others separately in different parts of the network 102.

Alternative to the gateway device(s) 105 that comprises the border routing device 103 or operates as such, the sink device(s) 104 may comprise at least one border routing device 103 or operates as such.

Even if each of the gateway device(s) 105, border routing device(s) 103, and the sink device(s) 104 are explained as separate devices, which are configured to op- erate as previously has been explained, and how the operations of the border rout- ing device(s) 105 can be configured to the sink or gateway device(s) 104, 105, the operations of these devices 103, 104, 105 can be carried out in one device, e.g. an access point device in e.g. wireless local area networks or a base station de- vice in e.g. cellular networks, which is configured to carry out all operations of the border routing, sink, and gateway devices 103, 104, 105. Alternatively, the opera- tions of the border routing, sink, and gateway devices 103, 104, 105 can be car- ried out in a configuration of three devices, wherein each device 103, 104, 105 is configured to carry out the operations, which has been previously explained.

If the device(s) 104 comprises also other device(s) 104, in addition to the sink de- = 25 — vice(s) 104, each other device 104 is a member device 104, 104b, 104c, 104d.

O

3 The sink device(s) 104 is a fixed routing device (router), but each member device

K 104 is configured to operate in different fixed or non-fixed roles in the network 102. = Each member device 104 in the system 100 is configured to operate as a routing = device and a non-routing device (non-router) depending on whether said member

N 30 device 104 needs to participate in data forwarding. One method for selecting rout- 3 ing and non-routing roles has been explained e.g. in patent publication US

O 10,499,264.

Each routing device 104 is configured to maintain a connectivity of the system 100 and routes (forwards) data of other device(s) 104 when necessary. Each non-

routing device node 104 is also configured to provide a bi-directional communica- tion in order to transmit its own data and to receive data directed for it similarly as sink and routing devices 104 but the non-routing device 104 does not route data of other devices 104. Each of member devices 104 is configured to operate at least as a routing or non-routing device.

The system 100 may comprise the member devices 104 so that all member devic- es 104 are not able to communicate directly with the sink device(s) 104 (border routing device 103) due to limited radio link connectivity, whereupon it is neces- sary to use multi-link (multi-hop) communication between each member device 104 and the sink device 104.

The system 100 comprises also a backend system, which is not presented in the figures, that is an external control system, monitor system, or both, and it may be implemented in a high computing capacity computer, which is configured to com- municate with the gateway device(s) 105 through a wired connection technology, e.g. an Ethernet cable connection, or through wireless connection technology, e.g. a Long Term Evolution (LTE) radio connection. Alternatively, the backend system may be implemented in a mobile device (phone), which communicates with the gateway device(s) 105 or directly with one of devices 104 by using a radio inter- face of the network 102 or another radio interface, e.g. BLE or Radio Frequency

IDentification (RFID) interface, for delivering a configuration information into the network 102. In the case of such arrangement, the mobile device may also have a connection to a high computing capacity computer, whereupon it operates as a gateway device 105.

Each device 103, 104, 105 in the system 100 is configured to operate in the net-

Q 25 works 102, 106 using an internet addresses, e.g. Internet Protocol (IP) addresses,

N e.g. an IP version 6 (IPv6) addresses, to send (transmit) and to receive (to com- 3 municate) as well as to process an internet communication packet (message), e.g. 3 an IP packet, e.g. an IPv6 packet, by means of the controller and the communica- z tor, e.g. by means of the controller 430 and the communicator 436 in the case of a 30 the border routing device 103.

E Fig. 2 and 3 present a learning and dissemination method 208 for learning the

N context information CX and disseminating the entry information EN in the above

N explained system 100.

The method 208 is explained by using one border routing device 103 and one sink device 104a irrespective of whether the gateway device 105 or sink device 104a comprises the border routing device 103, but the system 100 may additionally have at least one other border routing device 103, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more other border routing devices. Each border routing device 103 may communi- cate with at least one gateway device 105 including said one gateway device 105 and with at least one other sink device 104 including said one sink device 104a.

The on-network devices 104 except the devices 104a, 104b, 104c, 104d and gateway device(s) 105 have been excluded from fig. 3 in order to make the figure clear.

At a step 210, if the on-network device 104, e.g. the member device 104b, which is one of the devices 104 in the network 102, has a data to send to the external de- vice 107 outside the network 102, it sends an internet packet, which comprises the context information CX, as an uplink packet UL towards the external device 107.

Each device 103, 104, 104a, 104b, 104c, 104d comprises an internet address, e.g. an IP address, e.g. an IPv6 address, which is configured to identify and locate said device 103, 104, 104a, 104b, 104c, 104d in the networks 102, 106. The internet address comprises a prefix information, e.g. a subnet (network) prefix SP, and a unique node address (identifier) NA.

The compression of an uncompressed internet address of the on-network device 104 is carried out by means of a context identifier CID so that the context identifier

CID replaces a subnet prefix SP, which comprises more bits than the context iden- tifier CID, whereupon the context identifier CID and the node address NA compose the compressed internet address of the on-network device 104. The compression

Q 25 of an uncompressed internet address of the external device 107 is carried out by

N means of a context identifier CID so that the short context identifier CID replaces 3 the longer uncompressed internet address completely or partly, whereupon only 5 the context identifier CID or the context identifier CID with a part of the internet ad-

I dress composes the compressed internet address of the off-network device 107. > 30 The decompressions (constructions) of the compressed internet addresses of the

S devices 104, 107 occur vice versa by means of the relevant context identifier CID.

LO

& The uplink packet UL comprises a compressed or uncompressed destination in-

N ternet address DE, e.g. an IP address, e.g. an IPv6 address, of the external device 107 and a compressed or uncompressed source internet address SO of the on- network device 104 as in the context of the devices 104b, 107 in fig. 3. The un-

compressed internet addresses DE, SO comprises the complete internet address- es DE, SO.

If the destination internet address DE is compressed by means of a context identi- fier CID, it comprises at least said context identifier CID, e.g. only the context iden- — tifier CID or the context identifier with a part of the internet address DE. If the source internet address SO is compressed by means of the context identifier, it comprises said context identifier CID with the node address NA.

The uncompressed destination internet address DE comprises the complete inter- net address DE of the external device 107 and the uncompressed source internet address SO also comprises the complete internet address SO, which comprises e.g. the subnet prefix SP and the node address NA. The context information CX comprises said destination internet address DE of the external device 107 at least partly, e.g. partly or completely, and the subnet prefix SP of said source internet address SO of the on-network device 104b.

If it is the external off-network device 107 outside the network 102 that has a data to send to the target on-network device 104, e.g. the device 104d, in the network 102, it sends an internet packet, which comprises the context information CX, as a downlink packet DL towards the on-network device 104d.

The downlink packet DL comprises an uncompressed source internet address SO, e.g. an IP address, e.g. an IPv6 address, of the external device 107 and an un- compressed destination internet address DE of the on-network device 104d as in the context of the on-network and external devices 104d, 107 in fig. 3. The con- tents of the uncompressed internet addresses SO, DE correspond with the previ- en ously explained case of the uplink packet UL. The uncompressed source internet

S 25 address SO comprises the complete internet address SO of the external device

Od 107 and the uncompressed destination internet address DE also comprises the

K complete internet address DE, i.e. the subnet prefix SP and the node address NA = of the on-network device 104d. The context information CX thus comprises said = source internet address SO of the external device 107 at least partly, e.g. partly or

N 30 completely, and the subnet prefix SP of said destination internet address DE of the 3 on-network device 104.

N

N At the step 210, the border routing device 103 between the network 102 and the external network(s) 106 receives, by means of its communicator 436, the sent in- ternet packet UL, DL irrespective of whether it is the uplink packet UL from the network 102 through the sink device 104a or the downlink packet DL from outside the network 102 through the gateway device 105.

At a step 212, the border routing device 103 determines, by means of the control- ler 430, from the received internet packet UL, DL whether it comprises any com- pressed internet address DE, SO. The determination concerns each internet ad- dresses DE, SO in the received internet packet UL, DL. The uplink packet UL comprises uncompressed internet addresses DE, SO, one uncompressed and one compressed internet address DE, SO, or compressed internet addresses DE, SO.

The downlink packet DL comprises uncompressed internet addresses DE, SO.

At a step 214, when an internet address DE, SO is compressed by means of a context identifier CID in the received uplink packet UL, the border routing device 103 determines, by means of the controller 430 (processor 432), whether its con- text table CT stores a relevant entry information EN, which comprises said context identifier CID and a corresponding uncompressed internet address DE, SO, in its memory 434. The determination concerns each compressed internet address DE,

SO.

If said context identifier CID has been stored in the context table CT previously, the border routing device 103 uses the entry information EN to decompress, by means of the controller 430, each compressed internet address DE, SO as an un- compressed internet address DE, SO at a step 224 as previously has been ex- plained and forwards, by means of the communicator 436, the received uplink packet UL with the uncompressed internet address DE, SO to its target device 107 when all necessary decompressions have been made. e Alternatively, if the border routing device 103 determines, by means of the control-

S 25 ler 430, that its context table CT lacks a relevant entry information EN of the com-

Od pressed internet address DE, SO, which comprises said context identifier CID, the

K border routing device 103 cannot decompress, by means of the controller 430, the = compressed internet address DE, SO. a a In the case of the compressed internet destination address DE, the border routing 5 30 device 103 cannot forward (route) the received uplink packet UL to its target de-

N vice 107. Additionally, the border routing device 105 may inform the source (send-

N er) of the uplink packet UL, i.e. on-network device 104, about an error situation, whereupon the on-network device 104, which is configured to learn from the error situation, invalidates the relevant entry information EN from its context table CT or the whole context table CT. The on-network device 104 then re-sends the uplink packet UL with the uncompressed internet address DE, i.e. without the compres- sion, to allow the border routing device 105 to forward the uplink packet UL to its target device 107. Additionally, the on-network device 104 may try to re-acquire the invalidated context information CX.

At a step 216, when an internet address DE, SO is uncompressed in the received uplink or downlink packet UL, DL, the border routing device 103 determines, by means of the controller 430, whether its context table CT stores a relevant entry information EN, which comprises a context identifier CID and said corresponding uncompressed internet address DE, SO, in its memory 434. The determination concerns each uncompressed internet addresses DE, SO.

At a step 218, when said uncompressed internet address DE, SO has already been stored in the context table CT previously, the border routing device 103 pre- serves, by means of the controller 430, the existing entry information EN in the memory 434.

In the case of the received uplink packet UL, the border routing device 103 then forwards, by means of the communicator 436, the received uplink packet UL with the uncompressed internet addresses DE, SO to its target device 107 when all in- ternet addresses DE, SO are uncompressed and stored in the memory 434.

In the case of the received downlink packet DL, the border routing device 103 us- es the entry information EN to compress, by means of the controller 430, each un- compressed internet address DE, SO as a compressed internet address DE, SO at a step 224 as previously has been explained and forwards, by means of the e communicator 436, the received downlink packet DL to its target device 104d

S 25 when all necessary compressions have been made.

S At a step 220, when the context table CT lacks a relevant entry information EN of

S the uncompressed internet address DE, SO, which comprises a context identifier

E CID, the border routing device 103 learns, by means of the controller 430, a con-

N text information CX from each uncompressed internet address DE, SO. The bor- 5 30 der routing device 103 then generates, by means of the controller 430, a relevant

N entry information EN, which comprises a context identifier CID and the uncom-

N pressed internet address DE, SO, the subnet prefix SP, or both, on the grounds of the learnt (learned) context information CX for each uncompressed internet ad-

dress DE, SO and stores each generated entry information EN to the context table

CT in the memory 434.

At a step 222, the border routing device 103 then disseminates (distributes), by means of the communicator 436, each generated entry information EN separately or together, in a downlink packet DL into the network 102 through the sink device 104a to relevant on-network devices 104 or all on-network devices 104, e.g. on- network devices 104a, 104b, 104c, 104d, by unicasting, multicasting, broadcast- ing, flooding, or using the method explained in patent application FI 20215710.

Each on-network device 104, which receives the disseminated entry information

EN, stores the entry information EN to a context table CT in its memory.

Additionally, the border routing device 103 then forwards, by means of the com- municator 436, the received packet UL, DL to its target device 104d, 107 when all necessary operations to generate and disseminate new entry information EN have been made.

At the step 224, the border routing device 103 and each on-network device 104, which has received the disseminated entry information EN, uses, by means of its controller 430, the disseminated newly generated entry information EN as well as previously obtained entry information EN stored in the context table CT to com- press and to decompress network addresses DE, SO in later IP packets UL, DL, e.g. in IPv6 packets.

The system 100 and method 208 enable the border routing device 103 to learn a context information CX from received uplink and downlink packets UL, DL and to generate an entry information EN on the grounds of the context information CX en learnt from the received packets UL, DL. The border routing device 103 can then

S 25 disseminate the generated entry information EN to the network 102 so that all de-

Od vices 104, which receive the entry information EN, can start to use the same entry ~ information, i.e. a same context identifier CID and the same context information = CX, in a compression and decompression of uplink and downlink packets UL, DL = in future. a 30 The system 100 and method 208 reduce a number of context information CX in & the border routing device 103 when it is used one context information CX, e.g. the

N previously explained subnet prefix SP or any other common context information

CX, for all devices 104 or a subset of devices 104 in the network 102 and one con- text information CX for each internet address outside the network 102. Additional-

ly, the system 100 and method 208 eliminate a need for separate context genera- tion in each device 104, when communication starts in the network 102, and ena- ble to adopt a context information CX immediately in each device 104 after the re- ception of an entry information EN.

Fig. 4 presents the border routing device 103 that is configured to communicate between the network 102 and in the external network(s) 106 as well as to carry out the relevant features (steps) of the dissemination method 208 as above has been explained.

The border routing device 103 comprises a controller 430 that is configured to con- trol operations of its parts 432, 434, 436, 438, 440 so that the border routing de- vice 103 operates as above has been explained.

The controller 430 comprises the processor 432 that is configured to carry out at least one of operator-initiated and computer program-initiated instructions as well as to process data in order to run applications. The processor 432 may comprise at least one processor, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more processors.

The controller 430 also comprises the memory 434 that is configured to store and to maintain data. The data may be instructions, computer programs, and data files, e.g. the context table CT. The memory 434 comprises at least one memory, e.g. one, two, three, four, or more memories.

The border routing device 103 also comprises the communicator (data transferer) 436 that the controller 430 is configured to use in order to send commands, re- quests, and data to at least one of entities in the system 100, e.g. devices 104, 107. The controller 430 is also configured to use the communicator 436 in order to & receive commands, requests, and data from at least one of entities in the system

N 25 100, eg. devices 104, 107. The communicator 436 is configured to communicate <Q with the network 102 by means of a wired connection and with the external net-

S work(s) 106 by means of at least one of a wired connection and wireless connec-

E tion through antenna 438, if the border routing device 103 comprises such wireless

N communication option. 3 30 The border routing device 103 also comprises a power supplier 440. The power < supplier 440 comprises components that are configured to power the border rout- ing device 103, e.g. a battery with a regulator or a connection component config- ured to connect an external power supply to the border routing device 103.

The memory 434 is configured to store at least a communication application 442 for operating (controlling) the communicator 436 and a power supply application 444 for operating the power supplier 440.

The memory 434 is also configured to store a computer program (computer soft- ware, computer application) 448, which is configured to use at least one of parts 436, 438, 440 in order to carry out at least the operations of the border routing de- vice 103 explained above in context of the previous figures, when it is executed (run) in a computer, e.g. in the border routing device 103, by means of the control- ler 430.

The computer program 448 may be stored in a tangible, non-volatile computer- readable storage medium, e.g. a Compact Disc (CD) or Universal Serial Bus (USB) -type storage device.

The invention has been explained above with reference to the exemplary embodi- ments and its several advantages have been demonstrated. It is clear that the in- vention is not only restricted to these embodiments, but it comprises all possible embodiments within the scope of the following claims.

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Claims

1. Alearning and dissemination system (100) of a context information (CX) for a wireless communication network (102) comprising a border routing device (103) and the wireless communication network comprising at least one radio node de- vice (104), wherein the border routing device is configured to operate between the wire- less communication network and at least one external communication network (106), wherein each radio node device (104) is configured to establish a radio communication with another radio node device (104), and wherein, after learning (220) the context information from a received commu- nication (UL, DL), the border routing device is configured to generate (220) an en- try information (EN) on grounds of the learnt context information for disseminating (222) the entry information to the at least one radio node device in the wireless communication network.

2. The system according to the previous claim, wherein each radio node device (104), which has received the entry information, is configured to compress or de- compress (224) the context information in an uplink or downlink communication packet (UL, DL) by means of the entry information after a reception of the dissem- inated entry information.

3. The system according to any of the previous claims, wherein the entry infor- mation comprises a context identifier (CID) for each context information (CX), whereupon the border routing device and the at least one radio node device are 2 25 configured to compress or decompress (224) the context information (CX) in an N uplink or downlink communication packet (UL, DL) by means of the context identi- 3 fier. Nn

= 4. The system according to any of the previous claims, wherein the received = communication is an uplink communication packet (UL), which comprises at least N 30 one of an uncompressed destination internet address (DE) of an external commu- 3 nication device (107) belonging to the at least one external communication net- N work and an uncompressed source internet address (SO) of a radio node device N (104) belonging to the at least one radio node device, when the radio node device is configured to send the uplink communication packet to the external communica- tion device.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the context information comprises the destination internet address at least partly, when the uplink communication packet comprises the uncompressed destination internet address, whereupon the generated entry information comprises a context identifier (CID) and the destina- tion internet address at least partly.

6. The system according to claim 4, wherein the context information comprises a subnet prefix (SP) of the source internet address, when the uplink communica- tion packet comprises the uncompressed source internet address, whereupon the generated entry information comprises a context identifier (CID) and the subnet prefix of the source internet address.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the received communication is a downlink communication packet (DL), which comprises an uncompressed source internet address (SO) of an external communication device (107) belonging to the at least one external communication network and an uncompressed destination in- ternet address (DE) of a radio node device (104) belonging to the at least one ra- dio node device, when the radio node device is configured to receive the downlink communication packet from the external communication device.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the context information comprises the source internet address at least partly, when the downlink communication packet comprises the uncompressed source internet address, whereupon the generated entry information comprises a context identifier (CID) and the source in- ternet address at least partly.

9. The system according to claim 7, wherein the context information comprises e a subnet prefix of the destination internet address, when the downlink communica- S 25 tion packet comprises the uncompressed destination internet address, whereupon Od the generated entry information comprises a context identifier (CID) and the sub- K net prefix of the destination internet address. O E

10. The system according to any of the previous claims, wherein the border rout- N ing device is further configured to determine (212) whether the received communi- 5 30 cation comprises at least one of an uncompressed destination internet address N (DE) and an uncompressed source internet address (SO) to generate the entry in- N formation, when the border routing device lacks the entry information of at least one of the destination and source internet addresses (DE, SO).

11. The system according to any of the previous claims, wherein the border rout- ing device is further configured to store (220) the entry information after generating the entry information and each radio node device (104) is further configured to store the entry information after receiving the disseminated entry information from the border routing device or from another radio node device (104) belonging to the at least one radio node device, when the at least one radio node device comprises several radio node devices (104).

12. The system according to claim 11, wherein the border routing device is fur- ther configured to preserve (218) the stored entry information of the destination or source internet address when the stored entry information already comprises the destination or source internet address.

13. The system according to any of the previous claims, which further comprises a gateway device (105) configured to operate as a gateway between the wireless communication network and the at least one external communication network, wherein the gateway device (105) comprises the border routing device.

14. The system according to any of the previous claims, wherein the wireless communication network is Digital European Cordless Telecommunication 2020 - based network, a wireless multi-hop network, a wireless mesh network, a wireless sensor network, a wireless local area network, a cellular based local area network, a low power wide area network, a cellular network, a wireless Bluetooth Low En- ergy -based radio network, Zigbee network, Thread network, or Public Land Mo- bile Network.

15. A border routing device (103) for learning a context information (CX) and dis- e seminating the context information to a wireless communication network (102) S 25 comprising Od a controller (430) and K a communicator (436), = wherein the controller is configured to control the border routing device to = operate between the wireless communication network, which comprises at least N 30 one radio node device (104) capable of establishing a radio communication with 3 another radio node device (104), and at least one external communication network O (106) and wherein the controller is further configured to generate (220), after a learning (220) of the context information from a received communication (UL, DL), an entry information (EN) on grounds of the learnt context information for disseminating

(222), by means of the communicator, the entry information to the at least one ra- dio node device in the wireless communication network.

16. A learning and dissemination method (208) of a context information (CX) for a wireless communication network (102) comprising at least following steps of operating, by a border routing device (103), between the wireless communi- cation network, which comprises at least one radio node device (104) capable of establishing a radio communication with another radio node device (104), and at least one external communication network (106), learning (220), by the border routing device, the context information from a received communication (UL, DL), and generating (220), by the border routing device, an entry information (EN) on grounds of the learnt context information for disseminating (220) the entry infor- mation to the at least one radio node device in the wireless communication net- work.

17. A computer program (446) comprising instructions, which, when the comput- er program is executed by a controller (430), cause a border routing device (103) to carry out at least the steps of the dissemination method (208) according to claim

16.

18. A tangible, non-volatile computer readable medium comprising the computer program (446) according to claim 17. O N O N © ? Nn O I = N K 00 LO O N oo Al