ES2424297A2 - Light composite cement panel for use in coating of e.g. exterior wall, of apartment building, has component made of specific cement class, polystyrene beads, sand, and water, and another component formed with non-alkali fiber glass grating - Google Patents

Abstract

The panel has a component with a composite material made of cement class 32 to 52 conforming to EN 197-1 standard, polystyrene beads, sand, and water. Another component is formed with a non-alkali fiber glass grating (5), where the non-alkali fiber glass grating includes a square mesh having a side with a dimension equal to or less than 4.5 mm. An additional component is formed of a galvanized steel structure with a thickness between 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm, where the steel structure is in the form of a grid (4). An independent claim is also included for a method for constructing a light composite cement panel.

Description

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Light Cement Composite Panels and their production procedure

Technical area of the invention

The present invention relates to the technical area of civil construction.

State of the art In the last fifteen years, a new system of constructions with light steel structures (LSF - light steel structures) was developed in the United States of America, Canada, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand and other European countries. apply in residential buildings or not. This system has been used as the best alternative to wooden houses or traditional masonry constructions.

Until now, structural construction systems (LSF-light steel structures), mixed metal structures, wooden structures and others allow the placement of composite and non-composite panels in the construction for exterior, interior wall cladding, roofing systems and pavement. In these cases, layer overlay systems are used (cladding panels, thermal, acoustic and sealing insulation or "sandwich" panels). Description of the invention

The present invention relates to the method of construction, by formwork, of non-self-supporting composite panels, for cladding exterior, interior walls, covering and pavement systems, in any type of construction, (LSF - light steel structures), structures mixed metals, wooden structures and others.

The fixing of these composite panels can be done through several conventional systems, or by another type, with special reference to the system of uprights in steel beams "C" with direct screwing.

Lightweight cement composite panels can be fixed by any type of panel fixing system, unless they support their weight. (Figure 1)

 The lightweight cement composite panel has a standard constitution that is composed of three categories of elements:

Category 1 - composite material with the following constituents: cement class 32 to 52 (EN 197-1), polystyrene granules, sand and water;

 Category 2 - anti-alkaline fiberglass, with square mesh, the measurement of which is similar or less than 4.5 mm (5); Category 3 - galvanized steel structure with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm (7).

 Constructive procedure

The construction procedure of the lightweight cement composite panel is carried out through the formwork or mold method, which can acquire various dimensions or configurations, as intended. Its thickness is 4

 centimeters or more per panel.

The filling of the lightweight cement composite panel is done as follows (Figure 2 and 3):

 • Introduction of composite material (cement class 32 to 52 (EN 197-1), polystyrene granules, sand and water) at the entire level of the formwork base;

•

Extension of the anti-alkaline fiberglass net, with square mesh, the size of which is similar to or less than 4.5 mm (5) over the entire area of the lightweight cement composite panel;

•

Placing the galvanized steel structure (7);

 • Filled with composite material (cement class 32 to 52 - EN 1971, polystyrene granules, sand and water) of the remaining area.

Type of panels

 There are two derivations of the standard panel. These leads result from the configuration of the internal structure (category 3), which determines the greater or lesser resistance of the panels.

The standard panel, (Figure 2 and 3) with a higher degree of resistance, has its internal structure composed of a grid of galvanized steel (4);

Panel 1, (Figure 4 and 5) with an intermediate resistance degree, has an internal structure composed of two galvanized steel belts (6);

 Panel 2, (Figure 6 and 7) with a lower degree of resistance, does not have an internal galvanized steel structure, being composed only of the composite material and the fiberglass (5).

The selection of the type of panel to apply is essentially the type of structure in which they are fixed.

Advantages.

Regarding the advantages of using this type of panels, in comparison with existing methods, it is important to highlight the following points:

•

Using lightweight cement composite panels improves construction stability;

•

These panels are a viable alternative to masonry and polystyrene

expanded;  • These panels are flame retardant;

•

They are easy to apply;

•

They use less residual materials, compared to current methods;

• The construction with recourse to these panels is faster than with the current methods;

•

These panels have good thermal properties;

•

The panels have a longer duration than with the current coating methods;

•

The panels can be applied to the wall cladding

 exterior, interior, cover and pavement systems, in any type of construction.

• They do not need special conditions for application, they can be applied to the interior or exterior;

• These panels are easy to apply in any weather conditions above 3 degrees Celsius;

•

Polystyrene granules can be made from recycling the same component;

•

The panels reduce the number of components used in other methods by more than 35%, resulting in lower consumption of

 fuel for transporting materials to construction sites;

• These panels have low water absorption, which allows them to maintain good thermal properties. They also maintain good acoustic properties;

 • These panels have greater resistance and durability, even when they are exposed to heavy rains for long periods of time.

Description of the preferred embodiment

The standard panel is the most complex panel and, therefore, the preferred embodiment of this invention (Figure 12).

The construction procedure of the panel is carried out through the formwork procedure, its thickness being 4 centimeters or more, having a standard measurement of 2 x 0.5 meters (Figure 2 and 3). The panel is composed of three categories of elements:

Category 1 - material composed of the following elements: cement class 32 to 52 (EN 197-1), polystyrene granules, sand and water; Category 2 - anti-alkaline fiberglass, with square mesh, the measurement of which is similar or less than 4.5 mm (5);

Category 3 - galvanized steel grid structure with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 0.7 mm (4). The formwork filling is done as follows (Figure 2 and 3):

-Introduction of composite material (cement class 32 to 32 -EN 1971, polystyrene granules, sand and water) at the entire level of the formwork base;

-Extension of the anti-alkaline fiberglass, with square mesh, whose measure is similar to or less than 4.5 mm (5) in the entire area of the panel composed of light cement; -Placement of the galvanized steel structure (4);

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Filled with cement composite material class 32 to 32 (EN 197-1), polystyrene granules, sand and water from the remaining area.

Description of the Drawings

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Figure 1 represents an internal view of the composite panels (1) placed in a fixing structure (3) with metal studs (2).

-

Figure 2 represents a view of the inside of the standard panel, with the

 internal structure in grid-shaped galvanized steel (4) and anti-alkaline fiberglass net, with square mesh, the size of which is similar or less than 4.5 mm (5).

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Figure 3 represents the profile cuts of the standard panel.

 Section A represents the cutting view of the galvanized steel structure in the vertical. Section B represents the cutting view of the galvanized steel structure in the horizontal.

-

Figure 4 - represents panel 1, whose composition has a

 internal structure, composed of two parallel galvanized steel belts (6) and an anti-alkaline glass fiber network (5), with square mesh, the size of which is similar or less than 4.5 mm. Section C corresponds to the cutting plane.

 -Figure 5 represents the profile section of panel 1. Section C represents the plane of the galvanized steel structure in the horizontal of panel 1.

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Figure 6 represents panel 2 without internal steel structure

 galvanized, being composed only of composite material and fiberglass (5). Section D represents the cutting plane of the fiberglass (5).

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Figure 7 represents the profile cut of panel 2. Section D represents the cutting plane of the fiberglass (5).

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Figure 8 represents the fiberglass (5) antialcalina, with square mesh, whose measure is similar or less than 4.5 mm.

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Figure 9 represents the standard profile of the galvanized steel structure (7).

 -Figure 10 represents the grid-shaped galvanized steel structure (4) and the standard profile of the galvanized steel structure (7). -Figure 11 represents the galvanized steel structure of panel 1 with two parallel longitudinal sections in galvanized steel (6).

 -Figure 12 represents an example of the construction of an exterior wall with panels composed of light cement (1) placed in a fixing structure (3) with metal studs (2).

Claims (5)

one.

Lightweight cement composite panel, used in the lining of exterior, interior walls, covering and pavement systems, in any type of construction, LSF - light steel structures - mixed metal structures, wooden structures and others, characterized by having a composition made from three categories of elements: Category 1 - composite material, cement class 32 to 52 (EN 197-1), polystyrene granules, sand and water; Category 2 - anti-alkaline fiberglass, with square mesh, whose measure is similar or less than 4.5 mm (5); Category 3 - galvanized steel structure with a thickness of between 0.5 mm and 0.7 mm (7).

2.

Lightweight cement composite panel, designated standard panel, according to claim 1, characterized in that the galvanized steel structure, Category 3, forms a grid (4).

3.

Lightweight cement composite panel, designated panel 1, according to claim 1, characterized in that the galvanized steel structure, Category 3, is placed horizontally (6).

Four.

Light cement composite panel, designated panel 2, characterized by having a composition made from two categories of elements: Category 1 - composite material, cement class 32 to 52 (EN 197-1), polystyrene granules, sand and water; Category 2 - anti-alkaline fiberglass, with square mesh, whose measure is similar or less than 4.5 mm (5);

5.

 Light cement composite panels, whose construction procedure is carried out through the formwork method, characterized by comprising the following stages:

-Introduction of composite material (cement class 32 to 32 (EN 1971), polystyrene granules, sand and water) throughout the base level of the formwork; -Extension of the fiberglass network to the entire panel area (5); -Placement of the internal structure of galvanized steel (7); -Finally, filled with composite material (cement class 32 to 32 - EN 197-1, polystyrene granules, sand and water) of the remaining area.